Promotion of Climate Smart Agriculture II, 2020-2022

Mozambique, 2020 - 2022

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Reference ID

MOZ_2020-2022_PROMAC-II_v01_M

Producer(s)

Andrew Brudevold-Newman, Claire Boxho, Joao Montalvao, Matheus Proenca, Michael O'Sullivan

Collection(s)

Impact Evaluation Surveys Fragility, Conflict and Violence

Metadata

Documentation in PDF DDI/XML JSON

Created on

Apr 27, 2026

Last modified

Apr 27, 2026

Page views

151

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Identification

Survey ID number

MOZ_2020-2022_PROMAC-II_v01_M

Title

Promotion of Climate Smart Agriculture II, 2020-2022

Abbreviation or Acronym

PROMAC II 2020-2022

Country/Economy

Name	Country code
Mozambique	MOZ

Study type

Other Household Survey [hh/oth]

Series Information

This data is composed of three rounds of household surveys (baseline, midline and endline) used in the impact evaluation study and published in the working paper Brudevold-Newman, A., Boxho, C., Montalvao, J., Proença, M., & O'Sullivan, M.(2026), Land Registration, Input Subsidies, and Agricultural Investment: Experimental Evidence from Women Farmers in Mozambique. Administrative data is also available for (i) the provision of input bundles; (ii) plot registration; and (iii) willingness-to-pay experiment outcomes.

Abstract

This dataset contains survey and administrative data collected for a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of land registration and agricultural input subsidies on women farmers in rural Mozambique. The data was collected to assess whether improving women’s land tenure security—through assistance with formal land registration—and easing constraints to agricultural investment—through a subsidized input package and agronomic training—affect agricultural investment, productivity, and related household and gender outcomes. The study cross-randomized two interventions at the individual level: (i) land registration assistance for a woman’s primary plot, resulting in a land-use certificate (DUAT) in her name (sole or joint), and (ii) provision of an agricultural input package and extension services targeted to the same woman farmer.

The dataset includes a baseline household survey conducted prior to randomization, administrative data on intervention implementation, a willingness-to-pay experiment for the input package, and follow-up household surveys conducted approximately one and two years after intervention rollout.

Kind of Data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Unit of Analysis

Households

Version

Version Description

Edited data, anonymized and packaged for public distribution.

Version Date

2026-04-02

Coverage

Geographic Coverage

Mozambique, Province of Zambezia, District of Molumbo

Producers and sponsors

Primary investigators

Name	Affiliation
Andrew Brudevold-Newman	World Bank – Africa Gender Innovation Lab
Claire Boxho	World Bank – Africa Gender Innovation Lab
Joao Montalvao	World Bank – Africa Gender Innovation Lab
Matheus Proenca	Paris School of Economics
Michael O'Sullivan	World Bank – Africa Gender Innovation Lab

Funding Agency/Sponsor

Name
World Bank

Sampling

Sampling Procedure

We conducted a baseline survey on the total sample of 1,063 farmers in 2020. We selected the sample among the PROMAC (Promotion of Climate Smart Agriculture) II Program’s existing participants and newly recruited households eligible to participate in the program. To be included in the sample, beneficiaries had to meet three eligibility criteria: (i) female-headed or married/cohabitating; (ii) own their land; and (iii) do not already have land-use titles. The subsequent two follow-up surveys were conducted in 2021 (midline) and 2022 (endline) on the same sample (with a response rate of ~90-95%)

Survey instrument

Questionnaires

The data consists of responses from households to questions pertaining to (i) agricultural production and sales, crop choices, input usage, and farming practices; (ii) trees; (iii) social network in the community; (iv) women empowerment and intra-household bargaining; (v) household and farm assets; (vi) employment including off-farm; (vii) consumption; and (viii) perceived land tenure security. Whenever relevant, the agricultural module of the household questionnaire was collected at the season level rather than at the yearly level. Administrative data is also available for (i) the provision of input bundles; (ii) plot registration; and (iii) willingness-to-pay experiment outcomes.

Data collection

Dates of Data Collection

Start	End	Cycle
2020-10	2020-10	Baseline
2021-10	2021-10	Midline
2022-09	2022-10	Endline
2021	2022	Administrative data

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Data Collectors

Name
NCBA-Clusa

Data Collection Notes

The main mode of data collection was the use of a structured questionnaire. The respondent was provided with coded answers from which to choose. These questionnaires were administered by enumerators who visited the homes of the participating households at a time convenient for the respondents.

Depositor information

Depositor

Name
World Bank

Data Access

Access authority

Name	Affiliation
Matheus Proenca	PSE
Claire Boxho	World Bank

Citation requirements

Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:

the Identification of the Primary Investigator
the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
the survey reference number
the source and date of download

Example:
Andrew Brudevold-Newman (World Bank – Africa Gender Innovation Lab), Claire Boxho (World Bank – Africa Gender Innovation Lab), Joao Montalvao (World Bank – Africa Gender Innovation Lab), Matheus Proenca (Paris School of Economics), Michael O'Sullivan (World Bank – Africa Gender Innovation Lab). Mozambique - Promotion of Climate Smart Agriculture II, 2020-2022 (PROMAC II 2020-2022). Ref: MOZ_2020-2022_PROMAC-II_v01_M. Downloaded from [uri] on [date].

Disclaimer and copyrights

Disclaimer

The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.

Contacts

Name	Affiliation	Email
Matheus Proenca	PSE	proenca.mat@gmail.com
Claire Boxho	World Bank	cboxho@worldbank.org

Metadata production

DDI Document ID

DDI_MOZ_2020-2022_PROMAC-II_v01_M_WB

Producers

Name	Abbreviation	Affiliation	Role
Development Data Group	DECDG	World Bank	Documentation of the study

Date of Metadata Production

2026-04-27

Metadata version

DDI Document version

Version 01 (2026-04-27)

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