Socio-Emotional Skills Training for Urban Youth in Tanzania 2021-2022
Cross-Sectional Survey Data — Baseline, Endline, and Second Endline
Tanzania, 2021 - 2022
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TZA_2021-2022_SESIE_v01_M
Socio-Emotional Skills Training for Urban Youth in Tanzania 2021-2022
Cross-Sectional Survey Data — Baseline, Endline, and Second Endline
SESIE 2021-22
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Tanzania | TZA |
Other Household Survey [hh/oth]
Using the ESTEEM framework of 14 socio-emotional skills, the intervention tested three training curricula: awareness skills (self-awareness, emotional awareness, listening, empathy), management skills (self-control, emotional regulation, perseverance, personal initiative, problem-solving, decision-making, expressiveness, interpersonal relatedness, influence, negotiation, and collaboration), or both combined. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three treatment arms or a control group.
Data were collected at three points in time: baseline (May–June 2021), endline approximately three months after training (February–March 2022), and second endline approximately one year after training (October–November 2022). Each round collected information on socio-emotional skills (via self-report scales and behavioural tasks), labour market outcomes, psychological well-being, and, for women, gender empowerment indicators. The three survey rounds are provided as separate cross-sectional files, as collected and anonymised: SES_Tan_Baseline_labelled_noPII.dta (baseline), SES_Tan_Endline_labelled_noPII.dta (endline), and SES_Tan_2nd_Endline_labelled_noPII.dta (second endline).
The study found that SES training improved self-reported SES in the short run but with limited effects on behavioural measures; all SES gains faded after one year. Modest but sustained employment gains were observed among men who were actively seeking jobs at baseline. Training did not improve labour market outcomes for women on average.
Sample survey data [ssd]
Individuals (young men and women)
Scope
The survey covers the following topics:
- Household members
- Welfare and shocks
- Education
- Income generating activities
- Aspirations and networks
- Financial management
- Time use and household responsibilities
- Decision-making power and gender attitudes
- Marriage, sex, GBV and children
- Mental health
- Risk and time preferences
- Cognitive ability
- Awareness and management (SES self-report)
- SES adjacent measures
Coverage
Three peri-urban regions of Tanzania: Dar es Salaam, Dodoma, and Iringa. The study was conducted across 40 communities in these three areas.
Producers and sponsors
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Rachel Cassidy | World Bank Africa Gender Innovation Lab (GIL) |
| Smita Das | Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA) and World Bank GIL |
| Clara Delavallade | World Bank Africa Gender Innovation Lab (GIL) |
| Elijah Kipchumba | Trinity College Dublin |
| Munshi Sulaiman | BRAC Institute of Governance and Development (BIGD) |
| Name | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| International Development Research Centre | IDRC |
| Wellspring Philanthropic Fund | WPF |
| World Bank Umbrella Fund for Gender Equality | UFGE |
| Name |
|---|
| Africa Gender Innovation Lab |
Sampling
A community-based sampling strategy was used across three peri-urban areas in Tanzania: Dodoma, Dar es Salaam, and Iringa. A census was conducted in January and February 2021. Communities were included in the sampling frame if the listing exercise identified them as having at least 120 eligible young men and 120 eligible young women within a one-mile radius, community leaders who confirmed interest in the programme, and an existing venue suitable for hosting a training.
40 communities were randomly selected from the list of eligible communities. Within selected communities, the same listing exercise provided an individual sampling frame of all eligible young men and women: aged 16–26 who were not in full-time education, training, or employment (NEET). A random sample of 60 young women and 60 young men per community was drawn for the baseline survey.
Randomisation was conducted at the individual level, stratified by community, gender, and age (below/above the street-level median age). Individuals within each stratum were randomly allocated with equal probability to one of three treatment arms — 27 hours of Awareness (A) training, 27 hours of Management (M) training, 54 hours of combined A+M training — or to a control arm (no training).
Survey instrument
The data consist of responses to questionnaires administered at baseline, endline, and second endline. Survey instruments were similar across all three rounds. The questionnaires were administered to the individual study participants (young men and women) by trained enumerators.
The individual questionnaire covers the following sections:
- Identification — respondent identification, consent, demographic information
- Household members — marital status, household composition, education and activities of household members
- Welfare and shocks — asset ownership, dwelling characteristics, community-wide and idiosyncratic shocks, COVID-related difficulties
- Education — current educational status, reasons for dropout, educational aspirations, language proficiency, prior training participation
- Income generating activities — employment, job search, business ownership, earnings and expenditures
- Aspirations and networks — income aspirations, subjective well-being (Cantril ladder), role models
- Financial management — financial knowledge, savings, loans, expenditures
- Time use and household responsibilities — time allocation across activities, sharing of domestic tasks
- Decision-making power and gender attitudes — agency in household decisions, gender norms
- Marriage, sex, GBV and children — marriage history and expectations, children, contraception, domestic violence attitudes, GBV perceptions
- Mental health — perceived stress (PSS), depression (PHQ), anxiety (GAD)
- Risk and time preferences — lottery-based risk measures, intertemporal choice tasks
- Cognitive ability — visual pattern recognition task
- Awareness and management (SES self-report) — 126 items covering problem-solving, decision-making, initiative, self-awareness, emotional regulation, empathy, listening, expressiveness, interpersonal relatedness, collaboration, and conflict management
- SES adjacent measures — social desirability, resilience, grit, compassion (SOFI), growth mindset, goal orientation, locus of control, gender norms
- Final module — travel plans, GPS coordinates, enumerator observations
The household-level information (socio-economic status) was collected as part of the baseline census and sampling exercise.
Data collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2021-05 | 2021-06 | Baseline |
| 2022-02 | 2022-03 | Endline (3-month follow-up) |
| 2022-10 | 2022-11 | Endline (1-year follow-up) |
- Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]
| Name | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| BRAC Tanzania | BRAC |
Surveys were administered by enumerators using structured questionnaires programmed on tablets (CAPI). The questionnaire was designed in English and Swahili. Training sessions were held in person, divided by gender, and facilitated by gender-matched facilitators. The survey instrument used in this study (the enumerator survey) covers socio-emotional skills items related to self-control, empathy, listening, expressiveness, and interpersonal relatedness. The intervention delivery team was separated from the interviewing team.
Data processing
Data were anonymised prior to distribution. The research team supervised data collection and quality checks throughout all three rounds.
Data Access
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which includes:
- The identification of the primary investigators
- The title of the survey (including country, acronym, and year of implementation)
- The survey reference number
- The source and date of download
Example:
Rachel Cassidy (World Bank Africa Gender Innovation Lab), Smita Das (Innovations for Poverty Action and World Bank Africa Gender Innovation Lab), Clara Delavallade (World Bank Africa Gender Innovation Lab), Elijah Kipchumba (Trinity College Dublin), Munshi Sulaiman (BRAC Institute of Governance and Development). Tanzania - Socio-Emotional Skills Training for Urban Youth in Tanzania 2021-2022 - Cross-Sectional Survey Data — Baseline, Endline, and Second Endline (SESIE 2021-22). Ref: TZA_2021-2022_SESIE_v01_M. Downloaded from [uri] on [date].
Disclaimer and copyrights
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collectors of the data, the authorised distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agencies bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Metadata production
DDI_TZA_2021-2022_SESIE_v01_M
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Development Data Group | DECDG | World Bank Group | Documentation of the survey |
Metadata version
Version 01 (June 2026)