Demographic and Health Survey 2007
Indonesia, 2007
Central Bureau of Statistics (Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS))
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Identification
Survey ID Number
IDN_2007_DHS_v01_M
Title
Demographic and Health Survey 2007
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Indonesia | IDN |
Study type
Demographic and Health Survey (standard) - DHS V
Series Information
The 2007 IDHS is the sixth survey conducted in Indonesia under the auspices of the DHS program. Previous IDHS surveys were: the 1987 National Indonesia Contraceptive Prevalence Survey (NICPS), the 1991 IDHS, the 1994 IDHS, the 1997 IDHS, and the 2002-03 IDHS.
Abstract
The IDHS is part of the worldwide Demographic and Health Surveys program, which is designed to collect data on fertility, family planning, and maternal and child health.
The main objective of 2007 IDHS was to provide detailed information on population, family planning, and health for policymakers and program managers. The 2007 IDHS was conducted in all 33 provinces in Indonesia. The survey collected information on respondents’ socioeconomic background, fertility levels, marriage and sexual activity, fertility preferences, knowledge and use of family planning methods, breastfeeding practices, childhood and adult mortality including maternal mortality, maternal and child health, and awareness and behavior regarding HIV/AIDS and other sexually-transmitted infections.
The 2007 IDHS was specifically designed to meet the following objectives:
- Provide data concerning fertility, family planning, maternal and child health, maternal mortality, and awareness of AIDS/STIs to program managers, policymakers, and researchers to help them evaluate and improve existing programs;
- Measure trends in fertility and contraceptive prevalence rates, analyze factors that affect such changes, such as marital status and patterns, residence, education, breastfeeding habits, and knowledge, use, and availability of contraception.;
- Evaluate achievement of goals previously set by the national health programs, with special focus on maternal and child health;
- Assess men’s participation and utilization of health services, as well as of their families;
- Assist in creating an international database that allows cross-country comparisons that can be used by the program managers, policymakers, and researchers in the area of family planning, fertility, and health in general.
The main objective of 2007 IDHS was to provide detailed information on population, family planning, and health for policymakers and program managers. The 2007 IDHS was conducted in all 33 provinces in Indonesia. The survey collected information on respondents’ socioeconomic background, fertility levels, marriage and sexual activity, fertility preferences, knowledge and use of family planning methods, breastfeeding practices, childhood and adult mortality including maternal mortality, maternal and child health, and awareness and behavior regarding HIV/AIDS and other sexually-transmitted infections.
The 2007 IDHS was specifically designed to meet the following objectives:
- Provide data concerning fertility, family planning, maternal and child health, maternal mortality, and awareness of AIDS/STIs to program managers, policymakers, and researchers to help them evaluate and improve existing programs;
- Measure trends in fertility and contraceptive prevalence rates, analyze factors that affect such changes, such as marital status and patterns, residence, education, breastfeeding habits, and knowledge, use, and availability of contraception.;
- Evaluate achievement of goals previously set by the national health programs, with special focus on maternal and child health;
- Assess men’s participation and utilization of health services, as well as of their families;
- Assist in creating an international database that allows cross-country comparisons that can be used by the program managers, policymakers, and researchers in the area of family planning, fertility, and health in general.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data
Unit of Analysis
- Household
- Children under five years
- Women age 15-49
- Men age 15-54
- Children under five years
- Women age 15-49
- Men age 15-54
Scope
Notes
The 2007 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey covers the following topics:
- Birth Registration
- HIV Knowledge–Questions assess knowledge/sources of knowledge/ways to avoid HIV
- Malaria Module (bednets)
- Maternal Mortality
- Men's Survey
- Micronutrients
- Reproductive Calendar
- Vitamin A Questions
- Youth
- Birth Registration
- HIV Knowledge–Questions assess knowledge/sources of knowledge/ways to avoid HIV
- Malaria Module (bednets)
- Maternal Mortality
- Men's Survey
- Micronutrients
- Reproductive Calendar
- Vitamin A Questions
- Youth
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name |
|---|
| Central Bureau of Statistics (Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS)) |
Producers
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| National Family Planning Coordinating Board | Collaborated with BPS |
| Ministry of Health | Collaborate with BPS |
| Macro International | Technical assistance |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| United States Agency for International Development | USAID | Financial assistance |
| United Nations Children's Fund | UNICEF | Financial assistance |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
Administratively, Indonesia is divided into 33 provinces. Each province is subdivided into districts (regency in areas mostly rural and municipality in urban areas). Districts are subdivided into subdistricts and each subdistrict is divided into villages. The entire village is classified as urban or rural.
The 2007 IDHS sample is designed to provide estimates with acceptable precision for the following domains:
- Indonesia as a whole;
- Each of 33 provinces covered in the survey, and
- Urban and rural areas of Indonesia
The census blocks (CBs) are the primary sampling unit for the 2007 IDHS. The sample developed for the 2007 National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) was used as a frame for the selection of the 2007 IDHS sample. Household listing was done in all CBs covered in the 2007 Sakernas. This eliminates the need to conduct a separate household listing for the 2007 IDHS.
A minimum of 40 CBs per province has been imposed in the 2007 IDHS design. Since the sample was designed to provide reliable indicators for each province, the number of CBs in each province was not allocated proportional to the population of the province nor proportional by urban-rural classification. Therefore, a final weighing adjustment procedure was done to obtain estimates for all domains.
The 2007 IDHS sample is selected using a stratified two-stage design consisting of 1,694 CBs. Once the number of households was allocated to each province by urban and rural areas, the number of CBs was calculated based on an average sample take of 25 selected households. All evermarried women age 15-49 and all unmarried persons age 15-24 in these households are eligible for individual interview. Eight households in each CB selected for the women sample were selected for male interview.
Note: See detailed description of sample design in APPENDIX B of the survey report.
The 2007 IDHS sample is designed to provide estimates with acceptable precision for the following domains:
- Indonesia as a whole;
- Each of 33 provinces covered in the survey, and
- Urban and rural areas of Indonesia
The census blocks (CBs) are the primary sampling unit for the 2007 IDHS. The sample developed for the 2007 National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) was used as a frame for the selection of the 2007 IDHS sample. Household listing was done in all CBs covered in the 2007 Sakernas. This eliminates the need to conduct a separate household listing for the 2007 IDHS.
A minimum of 40 CBs per province has been imposed in the 2007 IDHS design. Since the sample was designed to provide reliable indicators for each province, the number of CBs in each province was not allocated proportional to the population of the province nor proportional by urban-rural classification. Therefore, a final weighing adjustment procedure was done to obtain estimates for all domains.
The 2007 IDHS sample is selected using a stratified two-stage design consisting of 1,694 CBs. Once the number of households was allocated to each province by urban and rural areas, the number of CBs was calculated based on an average sample take of 25 selected households. All evermarried women age 15-49 and all unmarried persons age 15-24 in these households are eligible for individual interview. Eight households in each CB selected for the women sample were selected for male interview.
Note: See detailed description of sample design in APPENDIX B of the survey report.
Response Rate
In general, the response rates for both the household and individual interviews in the 2007 IDHS are high. A total of 42,341 households were selected in the sample, of which 41,131 were occupied. Of these households, 40,701 were successfully interviewed, yielding a household response rate of 99 percent.
In the interviewed households, 34,227 women were identified for individual interview and of these completed interviews were conducted with 32,895 women, yielding a response rate of 96 percent. In a third of the households, 9,716 eligible men were identified, of which 8,758 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 90 percent. The lower response rate for men was due to the more frequent and longer absence of men from the household.
Note: See summarized response rates by place of residence in Table 1.2 of the survey report.
In the interviewed households, 34,227 women were identified for individual interview and of these completed interviews were conducted with 32,895 women, yielding a response rate of 96 percent. In a third of the households, 9,716 eligible men were identified, of which 8,758 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 90 percent. The lower response rate for men was due to the more frequent and longer absence of men from the household.
Note: See summarized response rates by place of residence in Table 1.2 of the survey report.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2007-07 | 2007-12 |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Data Collection Notes
TRAINING
A total of 832 persons, 468 women and of 364 men, participated in the main survey training for interviewers. Training took place in June 2007 in seven traning centers between (Medan, Padang, Banten, D.I. Yogyakarta, Denpasar, Banjarmasin, and Makasar), and in July 2007 in two traning centers (Jayapura and Manokwari). The training included class presentations, mock interviews, and tests. All of the participants were trained using the Women’s Questionnaire. Once the materials for the women’s interview were completed, the male participants were trained in conducting an interview using the Men’s Questionnaire. The training included practice interviews in Bahasa Indonesia and the participant’s local language.
FIELDWORK
The 2007 IDHS employed 104 interviewing teams to collect the data. Fieldwork principally took place from June 25 to December 31, 2007. However, fieldwork had to be extended in several provinces including Riau Islands, Papua and West Papua because of flooding and other problems. Fieldwork was completed in all areas in February 2008.
DATA COLLECTION
As in previous surveys, data were collected by teams of interviewers. The 2007 IDHS employed 104 interviewing teams to collect the data. Each team consisted of one team supervisor, one field editor, three female interviewers, and one male interviewer. A total of 832 persons, 468 women and of 364 men, participated in the main survey training for interviewers. Training took place in June 2007 in seven training centers (Medan, Padang, Banten, Yogyakarta, Denpasar, Banjarmasin, and Makasar), and in July 2007 in two training centers (Jayapura and Manokwari). The training included class presentations, mock interviews, and tests. All of the participants were trained using the EMWQ. Once the materials for the women’s interview were completed, the male participants were trained in conducting an interview using the MMQ. The training included practice interviews in Bahasa Indonesia and the participant’s local language.
Data collection principally took place from 25 June to 31 December, 2007. However, fieldwork had to be extended in several provinces including Riau Islands, Papua, and West Papua because of flooding and other problems. Fieldwork was completed in all areas in February 2008.
A total of 832 persons, 468 women and of 364 men, participated in the main survey training for interviewers. Training took place in June 2007 in seven traning centers between (Medan, Padang, Banten, D.I. Yogyakarta, Denpasar, Banjarmasin, and Makasar), and in July 2007 in two traning centers (Jayapura and Manokwari). The training included class presentations, mock interviews, and tests. All of the participants were trained using the Women’s Questionnaire. Once the materials for the women’s interview were completed, the male participants were trained in conducting an interview using the Men’s Questionnaire. The training included practice interviews in Bahasa Indonesia and the participant’s local language.
FIELDWORK
The 2007 IDHS employed 104 interviewing teams to collect the data. Fieldwork principally took place from June 25 to December 31, 2007. However, fieldwork had to be extended in several provinces including Riau Islands, Papua and West Papua because of flooding and other problems. Fieldwork was completed in all areas in February 2008.
DATA COLLECTION
As in previous surveys, data were collected by teams of interviewers. The 2007 IDHS employed 104 interviewing teams to collect the data. Each team consisted of one team supervisor, one field editor, three female interviewers, and one male interviewer. A total of 832 persons, 468 women and of 364 men, participated in the main survey training for interviewers. Training took place in June 2007 in seven training centers (Medan, Padang, Banten, Yogyakarta, Denpasar, Banjarmasin, and Makasar), and in July 2007 in two training centers (Jayapura and Manokwari). The training included class presentations, mock interviews, and tests. All of the participants were trained using the EMWQ. Once the materials for the women’s interview were completed, the male participants were trained in conducting an interview using the MMQ. The training included practice interviews in Bahasa Indonesia and the participant’s local language.
Data collection principally took place from 25 June to 31 December, 2007. However, fieldwork had to be extended in several provinces including Riau Islands, Papua, and West Papua because of flooding and other problems. Fieldwork was completed in all areas in February 2008.
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
The 2007 IDHS used three questionnaires: the Household Questionnaire (HQ), the Ever-Married Women’s Questionnaire (EMWQ) and the Married Men’s Questionnaire (MMQ). In consultation with BKKBN and MOH, BPS made a decision to base the 2007 IDHS survey instruments largely on the questionnaires used in the 2002-03 IDHS to facilitate trend analysis. Input was solicited from other potential data users, and several modifications were made to optimize the draft 2007 IDHS instruments to collect the needs for population and health data. The draft IDHS questionnaires were also compared with the most recent version of the standard questionnaires used in the DHS program and minor modifications incorporated to facilitate international comparison.
The HQ was used to list all the usual members and visitors in the selected households. Basic information collected on each person listed includes: age, sex, education, and relationship to the head of the household. The main purpose of the HQ was to identify women and men who were eligible for the individual interview. Information on characteristics of the household’s dwelling unit, such as the source of water, type of toilet facilities, construction materials used for the floor and outer walls of the house, and ownership of various durable goods were also recorded in the HQ. These items reflect the household’s socioeconomic status.
The EMWQ was used to collect information from all ever-married women age 15-49. These women were asked questions on the following topics::
- Background characteristics (marital status, education, media exposure, etc.)
- Knowledge and use of family planning methods
- Reproductive history and fertility preferences
- Antenatal, delivery and postnatal care
- Breastfeeding and infant feeding practices
- Vaccinations and childhood illnesses
- Practices related to the malaria prevention
- Marriage and sexual activity
- Woman’s work and husband’s background characteristics
- Infant’s and children’s feeding practices
- Childhood mortality
- Awareness and behavior regarding AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
- Sibling mortality, including maternal mortality.
The MMQ was administered to all currently married men age 15-54 living in every third household in the IDHS sample. The MMQ collected much of the same information included in the EMWQ, but was shorter because it did not contain questions on reproductive history, maternal and child health, nutrition and maternal mortality. Instead, men were asked about their knowledge and participation in health-care-seeking practices for their children.
The HQ was used to list all the usual members and visitors in the selected households. Basic information collected on each person listed includes: age, sex, education, and relationship to the head of the household. The main purpose of the HQ was to identify women and men who were eligible for the individual interview. Information on characteristics of the household’s dwelling unit, such as the source of water, type of toilet facilities, construction materials used for the floor and outer walls of the house, and ownership of various durable goods were also recorded in the HQ. These items reflect the household’s socioeconomic status.
The EMWQ was used to collect information from all ever-married women age 15-49. These women were asked questions on the following topics::
- Background characteristics (marital status, education, media exposure, etc.)
- Knowledge and use of family planning methods
- Reproductive history and fertility preferences
- Antenatal, delivery and postnatal care
- Breastfeeding and infant feeding practices
- Vaccinations and childhood illnesses
- Practices related to the malaria prevention
- Marriage and sexual activity
- Woman’s work and husband’s background characteristics
- Infant’s and children’s feeding practices
- Childhood mortality
- Awareness and behavior regarding AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
- Sibling mortality, including maternal mortality.
The MMQ was administered to all currently married men age 15-54 living in every third household in the IDHS sample. The MMQ collected much of the same information included in the EMWQ, but was shorter because it did not contain questions on reproductive history, maternal and child health, nutrition and maternal mortality. Instead, men were asked about their knowledge and participation in health-care-seeking practices for their children.
Data Processing
Data Editing
All completed questionnaires for the IDHS, accompanied by their control forms, were returned to the BPS central office in Jakarta for data processing. This consisted of office editing, coding of openended questions, data entry, verification, and editing computer-identified errors. A team of 42 data entry clerks, data editors and data entry supervisors processed the data. Data entry and editing was carried using a computer package program called CSPro, which was specifically designed to process DHS-type survey data. During the preparation of the data entry programs, a BPS staff spent several weeks at ORC Macro offices in Calverton, Maryland. Data entry and editing activities, which began in September, 2007 were completed in March 2008.
Data Appraisal
Estimates of Sampling Error
The estimates from a sample survey are affected by two types of errors: (1) nonsampling errors, and (2) sampling errors. Nonsampling errors are the results of mistakes made in implementing data collection and data processing, such as failure to locate and interview the correct household, misunderstanding of the questions on the part of either the interviewer or the respondent, and data entry errors. Although numerous efforts were made during the implementation of the 2007 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) to minimize this type of error, nonsampling errors are impossible to avoid and difficult to evaluate statistically.
Sampling errors, on the other hand, can be evaluated statistically. The sample of respondents selected in the 2007 IDHS is only one of many samples that could have been selected from the same population, using the same design and expected size. Each of these samples would yield results that differ somewhat from the results of the actual sample selected. Sampling errors are a measure of the variability between all possible samples. Although the degree of variability is not known exactly, it can be estimated from the survey results.
A sampling error is usually measured in terms of the standard error for a particular statistic (mean, percentage, etc.), which is the square root of the variance. The standard error can be used to calculate confidence intervals within which the true value for the population can reasonably be assumed to fall. For example, for any given statistic calculated from a sample survey, the value of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error of that statistic in 95 percent of all possible samples of identical size and design.
If the sample of respondents had been selected as a simple random sample, it would have been possible to use straightforward formulas for calculating sampling errors. However, the 2007 IDHS sample is the result of a multi-stage stratified design, and, consequently, it was necessary to use more complex formulae. The computer software used to calculate sampling errors for the 2007 IDHS is the ISSA Sampling Error Module. This module used the Taylor linearization method of variance estimation for survey estimates that are means or proportions. The Jackknife repeated replication method is used for variance estimation of more complex statistics such as fertility and mortality rates.
Note: See detailed estimate of sampling error calculation in APPENDIX C of the survey report.
Sampling errors, on the other hand, can be evaluated statistically. The sample of respondents selected in the 2007 IDHS is only one of many samples that could have been selected from the same population, using the same design and expected size. Each of these samples would yield results that differ somewhat from the results of the actual sample selected. Sampling errors are a measure of the variability between all possible samples. Although the degree of variability is not known exactly, it can be estimated from the survey results.
A sampling error is usually measured in terms of the standard error for a particular statistic (mean, percentage, etc.), which is the square root of the variance. The standard error can be used to calculate confidence intervals within which the true value for the population can reasonably be assumed to fall. For example, for any given statistic calculated from a sample survey, the value of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error of that statistic in 95 percent of all possible samples of identical size and design.
If the sample of respondents had been selected as a simple random sample, it would have been possible to use straightforward formulas for calculating sampling errors. However, the 2007 IDHS sample is the result of a multi-stage stratified design, and, consequently, it was necessary to use more complex formulae. The computer software used to calculate sampling errors for the 2007 IDHS is the ISSA Sampling Error Module. This module used the Taylor linearization method of variance estimation for survey estimates that are means or proportions. The Jackknife repeated replication method is used for variance estimation of more complex statistics such as fertility and mortality rates.
Note: See detailed estimate of sampling error calculation in APPENDIX C of the survey report.
Data Appraisal
Data Quality Tables
- Household age distribution
- Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women
- Age distribution of eligible and interviewed men
- Completeness of reporting
- Births by calendar years
- Reporting of age at death in days
- Reporting of age at death in months
Note: See detailed tables in APPENDIX D of the survey report.
- Household age distribution
- Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women
- Age distribution of eligible and interviewed men
- Completeness of reporting
- Births by calendar years
- Reporting of age at death in days
- Reporting of age at death in months
Note: See detailed tables in APPENDIX D of the survey report.
Access policy
Access authority
| Name | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| MEASURE DHS | archive@measuredhs.com | www.measuredhs.com |
Contacts
| Name | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| General Inquiries | info@measuredhs.com | www.measuredhs.com |
| Data and Data Related Resources | archive@measuredhs.com | www.measuredhs.com |
Citation requirements
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
Statistics Indonesia (BPS), National Family Planning Coordinating Board (NFPCB), Indonesia, Ministry of Health, Indonesia, and Macro International, Calverton, Maryland USA. Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2007. Ref. IDN_2007_DHS_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from www.measuredhs.com on [date].
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
Statistics Indonesia (BPS), National Family Planning Coordinating Board (NFPCB), Indonesia, Ministry of Health, Indonesia, and Macro International, Calverton, Maryland USA. Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2007. Ref. IDN_2007_DHS_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from www.measuredhs.com on [date].
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_WB_IDN_2007_DHS_v01_M
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| World Bank, Development Economics Data Group | DECDG | Documentation of the study |
Date of Metadata Production
2011-04-29
DDI Document version
Version 1.1: (April 2011)