| Author(s) |
Statistics Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik-BPS) National Population and Family Planning Board, Jakarta, Indonesia Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia MEASURE DHS, ICF International, Calverton, Maryland, USA |
| Date |
2013-08-01 |
| Country |
Indonesia |
| Language |
English |
| Table of contents |
TABLES AND FIGURES ........................................................................................................................................ vii
PREFACE (BPS) ....................................................................................................................................................... xv
PREFACE (BKKBN) ............................................................................................................................................. xvii
PREFACE (MOH) .................................................................................................................................................... xix
MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL INDICATORS .................................................................................. xxi
MAP OF INDONESIA ........................................................................................................................................... xxii
1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Geography, History, and Economy ................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Population ......................................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Population and Family Planning Policies and Programs ................................................................... 3
1.4 Health Priorities and Programs ......................................................................................................... 3
1.5 Objectives of the Survey ................................................................................................................... 4
1.6 Organization of the Survey ............................................................................................................... 5
1.7 Questionnaires ................................................................................................................................... 5
1.8 Pretest, Training, and Fieldwork ....................................................................................................... 6
1.8.1 Pretest ................................................................................................................................. 6
1.8.2 Training .............................................................................................................................. 7
1.8.3 Fieldwork ............................................................................................................................ 7
1.9 Data Processing ................................................................................................................................. 7
1.10 Response rates ................................................................................................................................... 7
2 HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS AND HOUSEHOLD POPULATION ............................................... 9
2.1 Housing Characteristics .................................................................................................................... 9
2.1.1 Drinking Water ................................................................................................................... 9
2.1.2 Household Sanitation Facilities ........................................................................................ 11
2.1.3 Housing Characteristics .................................................................................................... 12
2.2. Household Possessions ................................................................................................................... 14
2.3 Wealth Index ................................................................................................................................... 15
2.4 Hand Washing ................................................................................................................................. 16
2.5 Household Population by Age and Sex ........................................................................................... 17
2.6 Household Composition .................................................................................................................. 19
2.7 Birth Registration ............................................................................................................................ 19
2.8 Education of Household Population ................................................................................................ 20
3 CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS ........................................................................................... 23
3.1 Characteristic of Survey Respondents ............................................................................................. 23
3.2 Educational Attainment ................................................................................................................... 24
3.3 Literacy ........................................................................................................................................... 26
3.4 Exposure to Mass Media ................................................................................................................. 28
3.5 Employment .................................................................................................................................... 29
3.5.1 Employment status ............................................................................................................ 29
3.5.2 Occupation ........................................................................................................................ 32
3.5.3 Type of employment ......................................................................................................... 34
3.6 Health Insurance Coverage ............................................................................................................. 35
3.7 Lifestyle Measures .......................................................................................................................... 37
4 MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTIVITY ................................................................................................. 41
4.1 Current Marital Status ..................................................................................................................... 41
4.2 Polygyny ......................................................................................................................................... 42
4.3 Median Age at First Marriage ......................................................................................................... 43
4.4 Age at First Sexual Intercourse ....................................................................................................... 45
4.5 Median Age at First Sexual Intercourse .......................................................................................... 46
4.6 Recent Sexual Activity ............................................................................................................... 47
5 FERTILITY ............................................................................................................................. 49
5.1 Assessment of the 2012 IDHS Fertility Data .................................................................................. 49
5.2 Fertility Levels and Differentials .................................................................................................... 50
5.2.1 Fertility Levels .................................................................................................................. 50
5.2.2 Differentials in Current and Completed Fertility .............................................................. 51
5.3 Fertility Trends ................................................................................................................................ 53
5.3.1 Evidence from Retrospective Data ................................................................................... 53
5.3.2 Evidence from Comparisons with Previous IDHS Surveys .............................................. 53
5.4 Children Ever Born and Living ....................................................................................................... 54
5.5 Birth Intervals ................................................................................................................................. 55
5.6 Postpartum Amenorrhea, Abstinence, and Insusceptibility ............................................................ 57
5.7 Menopause ...................................................................................................................................... 59
5.8 Age at First Birth ............................................................................................................................ 59
5.9 Teenage Pregnancy and Motherhood .............................................................................................. 60
6 FERTILITY PREFERENCES ................................................................................................................... 63
6.1 Desire for Additional Children ........................................................................................................ 64
6.2 Ideal Family Size ............................................................................................................................ 67
6.3 Planned Fertility .............................................................................................................................. 69
6.4 Wanted Fertility Rates .................................................................................................................... 71
7 FAMILY PLANNING ................................................................................................................................ 73
7.1 Knowledge of Family Planning ...................................................................................................... 73
7.1.1 Knowledge of Contraceptive Methods ............................................................................. 73
7.1.2 Knowledge of Fertile Period ............................................................................................. 75
7.1.3 Exposure to Family Planning IEC .................................................................................... 76
7.1.4 Contact of Nonusers with Fieldworkers/Health Providers about Family Planning .......... 79
7.2 Current Use of Family Planning ..................................................................................................... 80
7.2.1 Current Use of Contraception by Age .............................................................................. 80
7.2.2 Current Use of Contraception by Background Characteristics ......................................... 81
7.2.3 Trends in Contraception by Background Characteristics .................................................. 83
7.2.4 Timing of Sterilization ...................................................................................................... 85
7.2.5 Source of Methods ............................................................................................................ 85
7.2.6 Informed Choice ............................................................................................................... 86
7.2.7 Pill Use Compliance ......................................................................................................... 88
7.2.8 Quality of Use of Injectables ............................................................................................ 89
7.2.9 Problems with Current Method ......................................................................................... 90
7.2.10 Cost of Contraceptive Use ................................................................................................ 91
7.3 Nonuse and Intention to Use Family Planning ................................................................................ 92
7.3.1 Discontinuation Rates ....................................................................................................... 92
7.3.2 Reason for Discontinuation of Contraceptive Use ............................................................ 93
7.3.3 Need for Family Planning Services .................................................................................. 94
7.3.4 Intention to Use in the Future ........................................................................................... 97
7.3.5 Reason for Nonuse ............................................................................................................ 98
8 INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY ...................................................................................................... 99
8.1 Assessment of Data Quality .......................................................................................................... 100
8.2 Levels and Trends in Infant and Child Mortality .......................................................................... 101
8.3 Socioeconomic Differentials in Infant and Child Mortality .......................................................... 104
8.4 Demographic Differentials in Infant and Child Mortality ............................................................. 105
8.5 Perinatal Mortality ........................................................................................................................ 106
8.6 High-risk Fertility Behavior .......................................................................................................... 108
9 REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH .................................................................................................................. 111
9.1 Antenatal Care .............................................................................................................................. 112
9.1.1 Antenatal Care ................................................................................................................ 112
9.1.2 Number of Antenatal Care Visits and Timing of First Visit ........................................... 113
9.1.3 Components of Antenatal Care ....................................................................................... 114
9.1.4 Tetanus Toxoid Injections .............................................................................................. 115
9.1.5 Complications of Pregnancy ........................................................................................... 117
9.2 Delivery Care ................................................................................................................................ 118
9.2.1 Place of Delivery ............................................................................................................ 118
9.2.2 Assistance during Delivery ............................................................................................. 120
9.2.3 Preparation for Delivery ................................................................................................. 122
9.2.4 Complications during Delivery ....................................................................................... 123
9.3 Postnatal Care ............................................................................................................................... 124
9.3.1 Timing of First Postnatal Checkup for the Mother ......................................................... 124
9.3.2 Provider of First Postnatal Checkup for the Mother ....................................................... 125
9.3.3 Timing of First Postnatal Checkup for the Newborn ...................................................... 126
9.3.4 Provider of First Postnatal Checkup for the Newborn .................................................... 127
9.4 Problems in Accessing Health Care .............................................................................................. 128
10 CHILD HEALTH ...................................................................................................................................... 131
10.1 Child’s Size at Birth ...................................................................................................................... 131
10.2 Immunization of Children ............................................................................................................. 133
10.2.1 Immunization Coverage for Children age 12-23 Months ............................................... 134
10.3 Childhood Illness and Treatment .................................................................................................. 139
10.3.1 Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) ................................................................................. 140
10.3.2 Fever ............................................................................................................................... 141
10.3.3 Diarrhea .......................................................................................................................... 142
10.4 Disposal of Stools ......................................................................................................................... 148
11 INFANT FEEDING .................................................................................................................................. 151
11.1 Initial Breastfeeding ...................................................................................................................... 151
11.2 Age Patterns of Breastfeeding ....................................................................................................... 153
11.3 Duration and Frequency of Breastfeeding .................................................................................... 155
11.4 Types of Complementary Foods ................................................................................................... 156
11.5 Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices ................................................................................... 158
11.6 Micronutrient Intake Among Children .......................................................................................... 160
11.7 Micronutrient Intake Among Mothers .......................................................................................... 162
12 HIV- AND AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND BEHAVIOR ............................. 165
12.1 Knowledge of HIV-AIDS and Transmission and Prevention Methods ........................................ 166
12.1.1 Knowledge of HIV-AIDS ............................................................................................... 166
12.1.2 Knowledge of HIV Prevention Methods ........................................................................ 168
12.1.3 Comprehensive Knowledge about AIDS ........................................................................ 169
12.1.4 Knowledge of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV ............................. 171
12.2 Accepting Attitudes toward those Living with HIV and AIDS and Attitudes toward Negotiating Safer Sexual Relations with Husband .....172
12.2.1 Accepting Attitudes toward Those Living with HIV and AIDS ..................................... 172
12.2.2 Attitudes toward Negotiating Safer Sexual Relations with Husband.............................. 174
12.3 Payment for Sexual Intercourse and Condom Use at Last Paid Sexual Intercourse ..................... 175
12.4 Self-Reporting of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and STI Symptoms ............................ 176
12.5 Prevalence of Medical Injections .................................................................................................. 177
12.6 Comprehensive Knowledge about AIDS and Source of Condoms among Youth ........................ 179
12.7 Age at First Sexual Intercourse among Young People .................................................................. 180
12.8 Source of Information on HIV-AIDS ............................................................................................ 181
13 WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT AND DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH OUTCOMES ................. 185
13.1 Employment and Cash Earnings of Currently Married Women And Men ................................... 185
13.2 Control over Earnings ................................................................................................................... 186
13.2.1 Control over and Relative Magnitude of Women’s Earnings ......................................... 186
13.2.2 Control over Men’s Earnings .......................................................................................... 187
13.2.3 Women’s Control over Their Own Earnings and over Those of Their Husbands .......... 188
13.3 Women’s and Men’s Ownership of Assets ................................................................................... 189
13.4 Participation in Decision Making .................................................................................................. 191
13.5 Attitude Toward Wife Beating ...................................................................................................... 195
13.6 Indicators of Women’s Empowerment ......................................................................................... 197
13.7 Women’s Empowerment and Health Indicators ........................................................................... 198
14 FATHER’S PARTICIPATION IN FAMILY HEALTH CARE ........................................................... 201
14.1 Antenatal Care .............................................................................................................................. 201
14.2 Preparation for Delivery ................................................................................................................ 203
14.3 Contact with Health Provider ........................................................................................................ 204
14.4 Diarrhea Treatment ....................................................................................................................... 205
14.5 Knowledge about Children’s Immunization ................................................................................. 206
15 ADULT AND MATERNAL MORTALITY ........................................................................................... 209
15.1 Data ............................................................................................................................................... 209
15.2 Direct Estimates of Adult Mortality .............................................................................................. 211
15.3 Estimates of Maternal Mortality ................................................................................................... 212
15.4 Trends in Maternal Mortality ........................................................................................................ 213
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................................ 217
APPENDIX A PROVINCIAL TABLES ............................................................................................................ 221
APPENDIX B SURVEY DESIGN ...................................................................................................................... 315
APPENDIX C SAMPLING ERRORS ............................................................................................................... 325
APPENDIX D DATA QUALITY TABLES ....................................................................................................... 365
APPENDIX E PERSONS INVOLVED IN THE 2012 INDONESIA DEMOGRAPHIC AND
HEALTH SURVEY .................................................................................................................... 371
APPENDIX F QUESTIONNAIRES .................................................................................................................. 387 |
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