Enterprise Survey 2013
Armenia, 2012 - 2013
World Bank, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
Created on
June 17, 2014
Last modified
June 17, 2014
Page views
25523
Download
5133
Documentation in PDF
Study website
Metadata
DDI/XML
JSON
- Data files
- armenia_2013_full_data
% of total annual sales paid as informal payment/gift (j7a)
Data file: armenia_2013_full_data
Overview
Valid:
359
Invalid:
1
Type:
Discrete
Decimal:
0
Width:
2
Range:
-9 - 90
Format:
Numeric
Questions and instructions
Literal question
It is said that establishments are sometimes required to make gifts or informal payments to public officials to "get things done" with regard to customs, taxes, licenses, regulations, services etc. On average, what percent of total annual sales, or estimated total annual value, do establishments like this one pay in informal payments or gifts to public officials for this purpose?
Percent of total annual sales paid as informal payment
Percent of total annual sales paid as informal payment
Categories
| Value | Category | Cases | |
|---|---|---|---|
| -9 | Don't know | 3 |
0.8%
|
| -8 | Refused | 7 |
1.9%
|
| -7 | No answer | 0 |
0%
|
| 0 | 339 |
94.4%
|
|
| 1 | 4 |
1.1%
|
|
| 2 | 3 |
0.8%
|
|
| 3 | 2 |
0.6%
|
|
| 90 | 1 |
0.3%
|
|
| Sysmiss | 1 |
Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.
var_qstn_ivuinstr
PROVIDE EITHER ONE OR THE OTHER, NOT BOTH
1) Size of informal payments/gifts Informal payments are payments made to government officials that are unaudited or unreported. They are generally given to an official with the expectation that a service will be performed (such as granting a business license), a violation overlooked (such as violation of health regulation), or because the official threatens the business.
Notice the wording (phrasing) of the question: it asks for the respondent to answer for establishments “like this one” rather than the establishment being interviewed.
2) Sensitive question, no clarification can be offered
1) Size of informal payments/gifts Informal payments are payments made to government officials that are unaudited or unreported. They are generally given to an official with the expectation that a service will be performed (such as granting a business license), a violation overlooked (such as violation of health regulation), or because the official threatens the business.
Notice the wording (phrasing) of the question: it asks for the respondent to answer for establishments “like this one” rather than the establishment being interviewed.
2) Sensitive question, no clarification can be offered