Scaled-up Early Childhood Development Activities in Rural Mozambique Impact Evaluation 2016, Baseline Survey
Mozambique, 2016
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Reference ID
MOZ_2016_SUECDIE-BL_v01_M
Producer(s)
Sophie Naudeau, Marie-Hélène Cloutier, Fadila Caillaud
Collection(s)
Metadata
Created on
Mar 07, 2019
Last modified
Mar 07, 2019
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Identification
Survey ID Number
MOZ_2016_SUECDIE-BL_v01_M
Title
Scaled-up Early Childhood Development Activities in Rural Mozambique Impact Evaluation 2016, Baseline Survey
Subtitle
Baseline Survey
Country/Economy
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Mozambique | MOZ |
Series Information
This project followed a seminal impact evaluation of center-based community driven preschool model in rural areas of the Gaza Province of Mozambique implemented by Save the Children between 2008 and 2010. Results of this study showed promising impact in terms of cognitive and socio-emotional skills of children in communities with ECD centers, and led the Government of Mozambique increase its involvement in preschool activities by creating 150 new ECD across 5 provinces in a first phase, and subsequently 200 additional ECD centers in a second phase.
Abstract
As part of the Education Sector Support Project in Mozambique (P125127), an initial credit of 40 million dollars has been provided by the World Bank to the Republic of Mozambique for the purpose of scaling-up Early Childhood Development activities in the country starting from 2012. Education Sector Support Project includes creation of 150 new community-based Early Childhood Development (ECD) centers across five provinces in Mozambique in the first phase and 200 additional centers in the second phase. This impact evaluation concerns the second phase of implementation and aims primarily at assessing the impact of ECD provision in rural area under governmental management using uses clustered random control trial at a community level. Data collection was carried out by the National Statistical Agency of Mozambique, Ministry of Education and the World Bank. 6,171 households were sampled across six participating districts (236 communities) from September to December 2016.
Provision of Community-Based ECD services was done through third party providers and included construction of preschool premises and playgrounds, training of local instructors, acquisition of the pedagogical material, and organization of parental activities.
Another World Bank-supported intervention in nutrition occurred simultaneously in one of the three provinces covered by the impact evaluation. Some areas in Nampula province received both types of interventions, maximizing likelihood that beneficiary children will be both well-nourished and receive adequate cognitive and overall stimulation in the early years of life.
ECD activities target children between 36 and 59 months old, while nutrition activities targeted pregnant women and children aged between 0 and 35 months. The baseline survey was carried out in 236 communities across the provinces of Cabo Delgado, Nampula and Tete.
Communities were allocated randomly to one of the four following groups:
- Communities with ECD and nutrition intervention
- Communities with only ECD intervention
- Communities with only nutrition intervention
- Control communities with no interventions.
Provision of Community-Based ECD services was done through third party providers and included construction of preschool premises and playgrounds, training of local instructors, acquisition of the pedagogical material, and organization of parental activities.
Another World Bank-supported intervention in nutrition occurred simultaneously in one of the three provinces covered by the impact evaluation. Some areas in Nampula province received both types of interventions, maximizing likelihood that beneficiary children will be both well-nourished and receive adequate cognitive and overall stimulation in the early years of life.
ECD activities target children between 36 and 59 months old, while nutrition activities targeted pregnant women and children aged between 0 and 35 months. The baseline survey was carried out in 236 communities across the provinces of Cabo Delgado, Nampula and Tete.
Communities were allocated randomly to one of the four following groups:
- Communities with ECD and nutrition intervention
- Communities with only ECD intervention
- Communities with only nutrition intervention
- Control communities with no interventions.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
- households
- children between 36 and 59 months old
- children aged between 0 and 35 months old
- children between 36 and 59 months old
- children aged between 0 and 35 months old
Version
Version Description
v01
Scope
Notes
1) Socioeconomic information:
- General information on the household
- Current income and job situation
- Level of education
- Pre-school attendance
- Education and health expenses
- Pregnancy and pre-natal care of target children
- Infant food intake
- Learning environment
- Crops information
- Households transfer and consumption
- Dwelling conditions
- Asset and durable goods
- Anthropometric measures of target children
2) Child assessment:
- Communications skills
- Gross motor coordination
- Fine motor coordination
- Problem solving skills
- Socio-personal skills
3) Community leader:
- Community general information
- Level of facilities and location.
- General information on the household
- Current income and job situation
- Level of education
- Pre-school attendance
- Education and health expenses
- Pregnancy and pre-natal care of target children
- Infant food intake
- Learning environment
- Crops information
- Households transfer and consumption
- Dwelling conditions
- Asset and durable goods
- Anthropometric measures of target children
2) Child assessment:
- Communications skills
- Gross motor coordination
- Fine motor coordination
- Problem solving skills
- Socio-personal skills
3) Community leader:
- Community general information
- Level of facilities and location.
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
Two districts were selected in each participating province.
- Province of Cabo Delgado: Chiure and Macomia districts.
- Province of Nampula: Erati and Memba ditricts.
- Province of Tete: Changara and Angonia districts.
- Province of Cabo Delgado: Chiure and Macomia districts.
- Province of Nampula: Erati and Memba ditricts.
- Province of Tete: Changara and Angonia districts.
Universe
Households located in eligible communities with at least a child between 36 and 59 months old and households located in eligible communities with at least a child between 0 and 35 months old and no other children between 36 and 59 months.
Eligible communities are identified to meet the criteria for implementation of the program:
- The community is located in a rural area;
- The community already has a primary school;
- The community has more than 30 children in the age range of 3-5 years old;
- There was no other education program for children 3-5 years old in the community in the past 5 years.
Eligible communities are identified to meet the criteria for implementation of the program:
- The community is located in a rural area;
- The community already has a primary school;
- The community has more than 30 children in the age range of 3-5 years old;
- There was no other education program for children 3-5 years old in the community in the past 5 years.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Sophie Naudeau | World Bank |
| Marie-Hélène Cloutier | World Bank |
| Fadila Caillaud | World Bank |
Producers
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Bruno Besbas | World Bank | Field Research Coordinator |
| Ventura Mufume | World Bank | Field Coordinator |
| Ines Magode | Ministry of Education and Human Development of Mozambique (MINEDH) | Head of ECD Department |
| Basílio Cubula | National Statistical Agency of Mozambique (INE) | Head of Sampling Department |
| Cristovão Muahio | National Statistical Agency of Mozambique (INE) | Head of Methods Department |
| Cassiano Soda Chipembe | National Statistical Agency of Mozambique (INE) | Director of Demographic Statistics |
| Sergio Caetano | Ministry of Education and Human Development of Mozambique (MINEDH) | M&E Consultant |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| World Bank | WB |
| Strategic Impact Evaluation Fund | SIEF |
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Survey Solutions | World Bank | Technical assistance |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
Clustered randomized control trial (C-RCT) at community level used in this impact evaluation.
Communities were selected in each district according to eligibility criteria and then randomly assigned to the one of the four treatment arms in the Province of Nampula and to the ECD treatment or control group in the provinces of Cabo Delgado and Tete. As part of the phase 2, the project planned to provide 20 ECD centers per district, except in Cabo Delgado where Macomia will receive 10 ECD centers while Chiùre will receive 30 centers. Remaining eligible communities were kept in case of substitution was needed.
A total of 6,171 households with preschool age children were sampled from the 236 evaluation communities at baseline. With no household listing available at the time of the survey, a census of each community was carried out to identify households with children in the age range of 36 to 59 months (and children aged 0 to35 months in Nampula). Taking the list of households with at least one child in this age range, 24 households per community were planned to be selected randomly in Cabo Delgado and Tete. In Nampula, in addition of those 24 selected household, 13 households with at least a child aged between 0 and 35 months and no child between 36 and 59 months.
Communities were selected in each district according to eligibility criteria and then randomly assigned to the one of the four treatment arms in the Province of Nampula and to the ECD treatment or control group in the provinces of Cabo Delgado and Tete. As part of the phase 2, the project planned to provide 20 ECD centers per district, except in Cabo Delgado where Macomia will receive 10 ECD centers while Chiùre will receive 30 centers. Remaining eligible communities were kept in case of substitution was needed.
A total of 6,171 households with preschool age children were sampled from the 236 evaluation communities at baseline. With no household listing available at the time of the survey, a census of each community was carried out to identify households with children in the age range of 36 to 59 months (and children aged 0 to35 months in Nampula). Taking the list of households with at least one child in this age range, 24 households per community were planned to be selected randomly in Cabo Delgado and Tete. In Nampula, in addition of those 24 selected household, 13 households with at least a child aged between 0 and 35 months and no child between 36 and 59 months.
Deviations from the Sample Design
In Cabo Delgado, the pool of eligible communities was too small and substitution of communities that were not accessible could not be done, leaving this province with only 76 participating communities instead of 80.
In Tete, a non-eligible community has been mixed up with a community belonging to the sample and was then discarded from the database.
Problem in the implementation of the nutrition program made non-random the assignment of communities benefiting from this program in the province of Nampula. Thus, while the RCT design for ECD intervention is still valid, impact of nutrition program might be evaluated through non or quasi-experimental methods in subsequent stages.
In Tete, a non-eligible community has been mixed up with a community belonging to the sample and was then discarded from the database.
Problem in the implementation of the nutrition program made non-random the assignment of communities benefiting from this program in the province of Nampula. Thus, while the RCT design for ECD intervention is still valid, impact of nutrition program might be evaluated through non or quasi-experimental methods in subsequent stages.
Weighting
No weighting has been used.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2016-09 | 2016-12 | Baseline |
Data Collection Mode
Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]
Data Collection Notes
All questionnaires were administrated using tablets and questionnaires were designed and administrated using Survey Solutions CAPI.
Socioeconomic questionnaire was administrated to the caregivers of the target child. In some cases the caregiver was not a member of the household. In this case, questions in relation to the household were asked to the head of the household and questions in relation to the target child were asked to the caregiver.
Socioeconomic questionnaire was administrated to the caregivers of the target child. In some cases the caregiver was not a member of the household. In this case, questions in relation to the household were asked to the head of the household and questions in relation to the target child were asked to the caregiver.
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| Ministry of Education and Human Development of Mozambique | MINEDH |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
The following survey instruments were used:
- Socioeconomic Questionnaire
- Anthropometric measures of participating children
- Child assessments
- Community Leader Questionnaire
- Socioeconomic Questionnaire
- Anthropometric measures of participating children
- Child assessments
- Community Leader Questionnaire
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|
| Sophie Naudeau | World Bank | snaudeau@worldbank.org |
Confidentiality
GPS data should only be available upon specific request.
Citation requirements
The use of this dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the identification of the Primary Investigator (including country name)
- the full title of the survey and its acronym (when available), and the year(s) of implementation
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download (for datasets disseminated online)
Example:
Sophie Naudeau, Marie-Hélène Cloutier, Fadila Caillaud, World Bank. Scaled-up Early Childhood Development Activities in Rural Mozambique Impact Evaluation (SUECDIE-BL) 2016, Baseline Survey. Ref. MOZ_2016_SUECDIE-BL_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [URL] on [date].
- the identification of the Primary Investigator (including country name)
- the full title of the survey and its acronym (when available), and the year(s) of implementation
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download (for datasets disseminated online)
Example:
Sophie Naudeau, Marie-Hélène Cloutier, Fadila Caillaud, World Bank. Scaled-up Early Childhood Development Activities in Rural Mozambique Impact Evaluation (SUECDIE-BL) 2016, Baseline Survey. Ref. MOZ_2016_SUECDIE-BL_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [URL] on [date].
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_MOZ_2016_SUECDIE-BL_v01_M_WB
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Development Data Group | DECDG | World Bank | Study documentation |
Date of Metadata Production
2017-04-21
DDI Document version
v01 (April 2017)
v02 (September 2017)
- Updated English version of "Impact Evaluation of Scaled-up Early Childhood Development Activities in Rural Mozambique, Baseline Report" replaced the older version (some typos were corrected);
- Portuguese translation of "Impact Evaluation of Scaled-up Early Childhood Development Activities in Rural Mozambique, Baseline Report" was added.
v02 (September 2017)
- Updated English version of "Impact Evaluation of Scaled-up Early Childhood Development Activities in Rural Mozambique, Baseline Report" replaced the older version (some typos were corrected);
- Portuguese translation of "Impact Evaluation of Scaled-up Early Childhood Development Activities in Rural Mozambique, Baseline Report" was added.