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    Home / Central Data Catalog / LSMS / MWI_2020_HFPS_V14_M
lsms

High-Frequency Phone Survey 2020-2022

Malawi, 2020 - 2022
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Reference ID
MWI_2020_HFPS_v14_M
DOI
https://doi.org/10.48529/q6pt-dk67
Producer(s)
Malawi National Statistical Office (NSO)
Collection(s)
Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS)
Metadata
Documentation in PDF DDI/XML JSON
Created on
Aug 18, 2020
Last modified
Mar 07, 2023
Page views
103969
Downloads
13209
  • Study Description
  • Data Description
  • Documentation
  • Get Microdata
  • Identification
  • Version
  • Scope
  • Coverage
  • Producers and sponsors
  • Sampling
  • Data Collection
  • Questionnaires
  • Access policy
  • Disclaimer and copyrights
  • Metadata production

Identification

Survey ID Number
MWI_2020_HFPS_v14_M
Title
High-Frequency Phone Survey 2020-2022
Country/Economy
Name Country code
Malawi MWI
Study type
Socio-Economic/Monitoring Survey [hh/sems]
Series Information
The World Bank is providing support to countries to help mitigate the spread and impact of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19). One area of support is for data collection to inform evidence-based policies that may help mitigate the effects of this disease. Towards this end, the World Bank is leveraging the Living Standards Measurement Study - Integrated Survey on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) program to implement high-frequency phone surveys on COVID-19 in 5 African countries - Nigeria, Ethiopia, Uganda, Tanzania, and Malawi. This effort is part of a broader first wave of World Bank-supported national longitudinal high frequency survey that can be used to help assess the economic and social implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on households and individuals.
Abstract
The Malawi High-Frequency Phone Survey (HFPS) is implemented by the National Statistical Office (NSO) and Phase one was conducted on a monthly basis during the period of May 2020 and June 2021. Phase 2 will be conducted on a bi-monthly basis starting in February 2022. The survey is part of a World Bank-supported global effort to support countries in their data collection efforts to monitor the impacts of COVID-19. The financing for data collection and technical assistance in support of the Malawi HFPS COVID-19 is provided by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the World Bank.

The households were drawn from the sample of households interviewed in 2019 as part of the Integrated Household Panel Survey (IHPS 2019). The IHPS 2019 households were interviewed in 2010, 2013, 2016, and the extensive information collected in the IHPS 2019 just over a year prior to the pandemic provides a rich set of background information on the HFPS COVID-19 households which can be leveraged to assess the differential impacts of the pandemic in the country.

The objective of HFPS is for routine monitoring and understanding the impacts of shocks including the COVID-19 pandemic. These data will contribute to filling critical gaps in information that could be used by the Malawian government and stakeholders to help design policies to mitigate the negative impacts on its population. The HFPS in Malawi is designed to accommodate the evolving nature of the crises, including revision of the questionnaire on a bi-monthly basis.
Unit of Analysis
- Household
- Individual

Version

Version Description
Version 1: Edited, anonymized dataset for public distribution
Version Date
2023-01-02
Version Notes
Updated to include Round 4 - Phase 2 documents and data.

Scope

Notes
The Malawi-HFPS covered the following topics:
- Household Roster (Rounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11,12, 1- Phase 2, 2 - Phase 2)
- Knowledge about government guidelines against COVID-19 and misconceptions about COVID-19 (Rounds 1, 2, 3, 7)
- Behaviour and Social Distancing (Rounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,12)
- Access to Basic Services (Rounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11,12, 1- Phase 2, 2 - Phase 2, 3 - Phase 2))
- Mental Health (Rounds 6, 9)
- Early Child Development (Round 6,12)
- Employment (Rounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,12, 1- Phase 2, 2 - Phase 2, 2 - Phase 2)
- Youth Education and Aspirations (Round 10)
- Non-Farm Enterprises (Rounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11,12)
- Other Income/Income Losses (Rounds 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 1- Phase 2)
- Credit (Rounds, 3, 4, 7, 8, 2 - Phase 2)
- Economic Sentiments (2 - Phase 2)
- Crops production and sales (Rounds 4, 5, 6, 7, 11,12)
- Livestock (Rounds 4, 5,12)
- Food Security (Rounds 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11,12)
- Concerns (Rounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11,12, 1- Phase 2)
- Vaccines (Rounds 1 and 3 - Phase 2)
- Food Prices (Round 3 - Phase 2)
- Shocks and Coping Strategies (Rounds 2, 3, 7)
- Aid and Support/ Social Safety Nets (Rounds 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 2 - Phase 2)

Coverage

Geographic Coverage
National coverage

Producers and sponsors

Primary investigators
Name Affiliation
Malawi National Statistical Office (NSO) Government of Malawi
Producers
Name Role
The World Bank Technical assistance
Funding Agency/Sponsor
Name Abbreviation Role
United States Agency for International Development USAID Financial support
The World Bank WBG Financial support
The Global Financing Facility for Women, Children and Adolescents GFF Financial support

Sampling

Sampling Procedure
The IHPS conducted in 2019 served as the frame for the HFPS COVID-19. This sample of households is representative nationally as well as by the urban/rural divide. In every visit of the IHPS, phone numbers are collected from interviewed households for all household members and 3 reference persons who are in close contact with the household in order to assist in locating and interviewing households who may have moved in subsequent waves of the survey. This comprehensive set of phone numbers as well as the already well-established relationship between NSO and the IHPS households made this an ideal frame from which to conduct the COVID-19 monitoring survey in Malawi.

Among the 3,181 households interviewed during the IHPS in 2019, 2,337 (73%) provided at least one phone number. Around 85 percent of these households provided a phone number for at least one household member while the remaining 15 percent only provided a phone number for a reference person. Households with only the phone number of a reference person were expected to be more difficult to reach but were nonetheless included in the frame and deemed eligible for selection for the HFPS COVID-19.

To obtain a nationally representative sample for the HFPS COVID-19, the survey aimed to recontact the entire sample of households that had been interviewed during the Integrated Household Panel Survey (IHPS) 2019 round and that had phone numbers for at least one household member or a reference individual. All 2,337 households that had either a contact for a household member or reference person were contacted in the baseline round of the phone survey.

All 2,337 households were successfully contacted. Of those contacted, 74 percent or 1,729 households were fully interviewed. These 1,729 households constitute the final successful sample and will be contacted in subsequent rounds of the survey.
Response Rate
BASELINE (ROUND 1): All 2,337 households were attempted. Of those contacted, 74 percent or 1,729 households were fully interviewed. These 1,729 households constitute the final successful sample and will be contacted in subsequent rounds of the survey.

ROUND 2: Of the 1729 households that were successfully interviewed during Round 1, 1646 or 95 percent were successfully interviewed during Round 2. ROUND 3: 1624 households or 94 percent were successfully interviewed during

Round 3. ROUND 4: 1616 households or 94 percent were successfully interviewed during

Round 4. ROUND 5: 1589 households or 94 percent were successfully interviewed during

Round 5. ROUND 6: 1592 households or 93 percent were successfully interviewed during Round 6.

ROUND 7: 1560 households or 92 percent were successfully interviewed during Round 7.

ROUND 8: 1551 households or 91 percent were successfully interviewed during Round 8.

ROUND 9: 1545 households or 91 percent were successfully interviewed during Round 9.

ROUND 10: 919 households (that had an eligible youth) or 81 percent were successfully interviewed during Round 10.

ROUND 11: 1541 households or 91 percent were successfully interviewed during Round 11.

ROUND 12: 1533 households or 90 percent were successfully interviewed during Round 12.

ROUND 1 - Phase 2: 1447 households or 85 percent were successfully interviewed during Round 1 - Phase 2.

ROUND 2 – Phase 2: 1422 households or 84 percent were successfully interviewed during Round 1 – Phase 2.
Weighting
To obtain unbiased estimates from the sample, the information reported by households needs to be adjusted by a sampling weight (or raising factor) w_h.

To construct the sampling weights, we follow the steps outlined in Himelein, K. (2014), which outlines eight steps, of which we follow six, to construct the sampling weights for the HFPS-HH:

1. Begin with base weights from the Malawi Integrated Household Panel Survey (IHPS) 2019 for each household
2. Incorporate probability of sub-selection of round 1 unit for each of the phone survey households.
3. Pool the weights in Steps 1 and 2.
4. Derive attrition-adjusted weights for all individuals by running a logistic response propensity model based on characteristics of the household head (i.e. gender, primary language spoken, education, labor force status) and characteristics of the household (household size, food consumption score, assets, financial characteristics).
5. Trim weights by replacing the top three percent of observations with the 98th percentile cut-off point; and
6. Post-stratify weights to known population totals to correct for the imbalances across our sample.

In doing so, we ensure that the distribution in the survey matches the distribution in the IHPS.
* Additional technical details and explanations on each of the steps briefly outlined above can be found in Himelein, K. (2014).

Baseline (ROUND 1):
The weights can be found in the household-level data file secta_Cover_Page_r1. The variable name is wt_baseline.

ROUND 2:
The round 2 weights can be found in the household-level data file secta_Cover_Page_r2. The variable name is wt_round2.

ROUND 3:
The round 3 weights can be found in the household-level data file secta_Cover_Page_r3. The variable name is wt_round3.

ROUND 4:
The round 4 weights can be found in the household-level data file secta_Cover_Page_r4. The variable name is wt_round4.

ROUND 5:
The round 5 weights can be found in the household-level data file secta_Cover_Page_r5. The variable name is wt_round5.

ROUND 6:
The round 6 weights can be found in the household-level data file secta_Cover_Page_r6. The variable name is wt_round6.

ROUND 7:
The round 7 weights can be found in the household-level data file secta_Cover_Page_r7. The variable name is wt_round7.

ROUND 8:
The round 8 weights can be found in the household-level data file secta_Cover_Page_r8. The variable name is wt_round8.

ROUND 9:
The round 9 weights can be found in the household-level data file secta_Cover_Page_r9. The variable name is wt_round9.

ROUND 10:
The round 10 weights can be found in the household-level data file secta_Cover_Page_r10. The variable name is wt_round10.

ROUND 11:
The round 11 weights can be found in the household-level data file secta_Cover_Page_r11. The variable name is wt_round11.

ROUND 12:
The round 12 weights can be found in the household-level data file secta_Cover_Page_r12. The variable name is wt_round12.

ROUND 1 - Phase 2:
The round 1, Phase 2 weights can be found in the household-level data file secta_Cover_Page_p2r1. The variable name is wt_ wt_p2round1.

ROUND 2 - Phase 2:
The round 2, Phase 2 weights can be found in the household-level data file secta_Cover_Page_p2r2. The variable name is wt_ wt_p2round2.

ROUND 3 - Phase 2:
The round 3, Phase 2 weights can be found in the household-level data file secta_Cover_Page_p2r3. The variable name is wt_ wt_p2round3.

ROUND 4 - Phase 2:
The round 4, Phase 2 weights can be found in the household-level data file secta_Cover_Page_p2r4. The variable name is wt_ wt_p2round4.

Data Collection

Dates of Data Collection
Start End Cycle
2020-05-26 2020-06-14 (Baseline) Round 1
2020-07-02 2020-07-20 Round 2
2020-08-12 2020-08-27 Round 3
2020-09-12 2020-10-01 Round 4
2020-10-29 2020-11-16 Round 5
2020-12-10 2020-12-29 Round 6
2021-01-20 2021-02-06 Round 7
2021-02-23 2021-03-15 Round 8
2021-04-07 2021-04-23 Round 9
2021-04-29 2021-05-14 Round 10
2021-05-26 2021-06-09 Round 11
2021-06-14 2021-06-30 Round 12
2022-02-03 2022-02-20 Round 1 - Phase 2
2022-05-08 2022-05-28 Round 2 - Phase 2
2022-07-26 2022-09-02 Round 3 - Phase 2
2022-11-09 2022-12-20 Round 4 - Phase 2
Data Collection Mode
Computer Assisted Telephone Interview [cati]
Data Collection Notes
Organization of Fieldwork
The HFPS COVID-19 Baseline was administered between May 26 and June 14, 2020. Data were collected by trained NSO interviewers who individually made phone calls from the call center at the NSO. Since the country was not fully on lockdown during the preparation and data collection exercise, interviewers were allowed to be in the office after seeking permission from the local authorities and also taking measures to protect themselves like ensuring 2 meters space between individuals. Most interviews were conducted from the call center, some interviews that required call backs conducted from the enumerators’ homes. Subsequent rounds also followed the same protocols, dates on when each round was administered can be found in the Basic Information Document.

Gift to Households
As a show of appreciation for the households’ participation, all households that gave consent to be interviewed, were transferred 1000 Malawi Kwacha credit to their phones (even if their interviews are only partially completed).

Pre-loaded Information
Basic information on every household was pre-loaded in the CATI assignments for each interviewer. The information was pre-loaded to (1) assist interviewers in calling and identifying the household and (2) ensure that each pre-loaded person is properly addressed and easily matched to the most recent face-to-face visits. Basic household information (location, household head name, phone numbers of adult members and reference persons, etc.) was pre-loaded. The list of individuals from IHPS 2019 and their basic characteristics were uploaded.

Respondents
The HFPS COVID-19 had ONE RESPONDENT per household. The respondent was always the knowledgeable adult household member or for some rounds the person that was randomly selected. The respondent must be a member of the household.

Questionnaires

Questionnaires
The Malawi HFPS-COVID-19 households questionnaire consists of the following sections:

ROUND 1
- Household Roster
- Knowledge Regarding the Spread of COVID-19
- Behaviour and Social Distancing
- Access to Basic Services
- Employment - Income Loss
- Food Security
- Concerns
- Social Safety Nets
- Agriculture

ROUND 2
- Household Roster
- Knowledge about government guidelines against COVID-19 and misconceptions about COVID-19
- Behaviour and Social Distancing
- Access to Basic Services
- Employment
- Non-Farm Enterprises
- Other Income
- Income Loss
- Food Security
- Concerns
- Shocks and Coping Strategies
- Social Safety Nets

ROUND 3
- Household Roster
- Behaviour and Social Distancing
- Access to Basic Services
- Employment
- Non-Farm Enterprises
- Other Income
- Credit
- Income Loss
- Food Security
- Concerns
- Shocks and Coping Strategies
- Social Safety Nets

ROUND 4
- Household Roster
- Behaviour and Social Distancing
- Access to Basic Services
- Employment
- Non-Farm Enterprises
- Other Income
- Credit
- Agriculture
- Income Loss
- Concerns
- Interview Results

ROUND 5
- Household Roster
- Behaviour and Social Distancing
- Access to Basic Services
- Education
- Employment
- Non-Farm Enterprises
- Other Income
- Agriculture
- Food Security
- Concerns
- Safety Nets

ROUND 6
- Household Roster
- Behaviour and Social Distancing
- Mental Health
- Access to Basic Services
- Early Child Development
- Employment
- Other Income
- Agriculture
- Food Security
- Concerns

ROUND 7
- Household Roster
- Knowledge
- Behaviour and Social Distancing
- Access to Basic Services
- Education
- Early Child Development
- Employment
- Non-Farm Enterprises
- Agriculture
- Food Security
- Credit
- Income Losses
- Shocks and Coping Strategies

ROUND 8
- Household Roster
- Behaviour and Social Distancing
- Access to Basic Services
- Employment
- Non-Farm Enterprises
- Food Security
- Credit
- Concerns
- Safety Nets

ROUND 9
- Household Roster
- Behaviour and Social Distancing
- Mental Health
- Access to Basic Services
- Employment
- Non-Farm Enterprises
- Income Loss
- Food Security
- Concerns

ROUND 10
- Household Roster
- Behaviour and Social Distancing
- Youth Education, Employment and Aspirations

ROUND 11
- Household Roster
- Behaviour and Social Distancing
- Access to Basic Services
- Employment
- Non-Farm Enterprises
- Agriculture
- Income Changes
- Food Security

ROUND 12
- Household Roster
- Behaviour and Social Distancing
- Access to Basic Services
- Early Childhood Development
- Employment
- Non-Farm Enterprises
- Agriculture
- Food Security - Concerns

ROUND 1 - Phase 2
- Household Roster
- Access to Health Services
- Employment
- Income Changes
- Vaccine Uptake

ROUND 2 - Phase 2
- Household Roster
- Access to Health Services
- Employment
- Credit
- Economic Sentiments

ROUND 3 - Phase 2
- Household Roster
- Access to Health Services – Original Module*
- Access to Health Services – Revised Module*
- Food Prices
- Shocks/Coping Strategies
- Vaccines – Main Respondent*
- Vaccines – Randomly Selected Respondent*

ROUND 4 - Phase 2
- Household Roster
- Access to Health Services
- COVID-19 Vaccine
- Employment
- Food Insecurity Experience Scale
- Income Loss
- Safety nets
- Prices
- Economic Sentiments
- Past Experience, Current Experience & Future Expectations: Climate/Weather

Access policy

Contacts
Name Affiliation Email
LSMS Data Manager The World Bank lsms@worldbank.org
Confidentiality
Citation requirements
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download

Example:
Malawi National Statistical Office (NSO) (Government of Malawi). Malawi - High-Frequency Phone Survey 2020-2022 (HFPS-COVID-19 2020-2022). Ref: MWI_2020_HFPS_v14_M. Downloaded from [uri] on [date].
Access authority
Name Affiliation
LSMS Data Manager The World Bank

Disclaimer and copyrights

Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.

Metadata production

DDI Document ID
DDI_MWI_2020_HFPS_v14_M_WB
Producers
Name Abbreviation Affiliation Role
Development Data Group DECDG World Bank Documentation of the study
Date of Metadata Production
2023-03-07
DDI Document version
Version 14 (2023-03-07)
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