DDI_LTU_2005_ES_v01_M_WB
Antonina Redko
<_value>
NADA
Version 01
Enterprise Survey 2005
ES 2005
LTU_2005_ES_v01_M_WB
World Bank
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
NADA
World Bank
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
Enterprise Survey [en/oth]
Firm-level surveys have been conducted since 1998 by different units within the World Bank. This survey is part of the third round of the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS III), a joint initiative of the World Bank Group ("WB") and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development ("EBRD"). The initial goal of the study is to better understand conditions for doing business in the targeted country and how they compare to other countries. The ultimate goal of the research is to advise governments on ways to change policies and practices that impose a burden on private firms and to develop new projects and programs that strengthen support for enterprise growth.
This research was conducted in Lithuania from March 10 to April 20, 2005, as part of the third round of the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey. The objective of the study is to obtain feedback from enterprises in client countries on the state of the private sector as well as to help in building a panel of enterprise data that will make it possible to track changes in the business environment over time, thus allowing, for example, impact assessments of reforms. Through face-to-face interviews with firms in the manufacturing and services sectors, the survey assesses the constraints to private sector growth and creates statistically significant business environment indicators that are comparable across countries.
The survey topics include firm characteristics, information about sales/suppliers, competition, infrastructure services, judiciary/law enforcement collaboration, security, government policies/laws/regulations, financing, overall business environment, bribery, capacity utilization, performance and investment activities, and workforce composition.
Lithuania
National
The primary sampling unit of the study is the establishment.
The manufacturing and services sectors are the primary business sectors of interest.
Sample survey data [ssd]
Synovate
The information below is taken from "The Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) 2005: A brief report on observations, experiences and methodology from the survey" prepared by Synovate, a research company that implemented BEEPS III instrument.
The general targeted distributional criteria of the sample in BEEPS III countries were to be as follows:
1) Coverage of countries: The BEEPS III instrument was to be administered to approximately 9,500 enterprises in 28 transition economies: 16 from CEEE (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, FR Yugoslavia, FYROM, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovak Republic, Slovenia and Turkey) and 12 from the CIS (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan).
2) Sector: In each country, the sectoral composition of the sample in terms of manufacturing (including agro-processing) (1) versus services (including commerce) (2)was to be determined by their relative contribution to GDP. Firms that operate in sectors subject to government price regulation and prudential supervision, such as banking, electric power, rail transport, and water and waste water, were to be excluded from the design of the sample.
3) Size: At least 10% of the sample was to be in the small (3) and 10% in the large size categories. Firms with only one employee or more than 10,000 employees were to be excluded.
4) Ownership: At least 10% of the firms were to have foreign control (4) and 10% state control (4).
5) Exporters: At least 10% of the firms were to be exporters (5), meaning that some significant share of their output is exported.
6) Location: At least 10% of firms were to be in the category "small city/countryside" (6).
7) BEEPS 2002 sample coverage: The BEEPS III survey instrument was to be administered to a given proportion of respondents who participated in BEEPS 2002 and had agreed in principle, at that time, to participate in future rounds of the BEEPS.
Enterprises, which began operations in 2002, 2003 and 2004, were to be excluded from the survey.
(1). Mining and quarrying (Section C: 10-14), Construction (Section F: 45), Manufacturing (Section D: 15-37)
(2). Transportation, storage and communications (Section I: 60-64), Wholesale, retail, repairs (Section G: 50-52), Real estate, business services (Section K: 70-74), Hotels and restaurants (Section H: 55), Other community, social and personal activities (Section O: selected groups)
(3). Small=2-49 employees, Medium=50-249, Large=250 - 9,999
(4). More than 50% shareholding
(5). Exports 20% or more of total sales
(6). Population under 50,000 inhabitants
8) The following sources of information were used to prepare the sample frame for Lithuania:
State Social Insurance Fund Board of Lithuania, Statistics Lithuania;
NRD Baltic;
Lietuvos Telekomas register of companies, registers Lietuvos (moniu Katalogas and Visa Lietuva);
Company Register of Statistics, Lithuania.
Face-to-face [f2f]
The current survey instruments are available:
- Screener and Main Questionnaires.
The survey topics include firm characteristics, information about sales/suppliers, competition, infrastructure services, judiciary/law enforcement collaboration, security, government policies/laws/regulations, financing, overall business environment, bribery, capacity utilization, performance and investment activities, and workforce composition.
Private contractors conduct the Enterprise Surveys on behalf of the World Bank. Due to sensitive survey questions addressing business-government relations and corruption-related topics, private contractors are preferred over any government agency or an organization/institution associated with government, and are hired by the World Bank to collect the data.
The surveys were implemented following a two-stage procedure. In the first stage a screener questionnaire was applied over the phone to determine eligibility and to make appointments; in the second stage, a face-to-face interview took place with the Manager/Owner/Director of each establishment. Sometimes the survey respondent called company accountants and human resource managers into the interview to answer questions in the sales and labor sections of the survey.
All Enterprise Surveys are conducted in the local languages.
In Lithuania, number of targeted interviews was 200; 205 interviews were completed. To meet the quotas, in some countries it was necessary to over-sample.
A minimum of 30% call-back checks (100% in Russia and the Asian Republics) were made in order to verify and clarify responses.
Data entry and first checking and validation of the results were undertaken locally. Final checking and validation of the results were made at Synovate Head Office.
Confidentiality of the survey respondents and the sensitive information they provide is necessary to ensure the greatest degree of survey participation, integrity and confidence in the quality of the data. Surveys are usually carried out in cooperation with business organizations and government agencies promoting job creation and economic growth, but confidentiality is never compromised.
Where necessary please site the source as "Enterprise Analysis Unit - World Bank Group https://www.enterprisesurveys.org"
Aggregate indicators based on Enterprise Survey data are available to the public at https://www.enterprisesurveys.org
Firm-level data is also available to the public free-of-charge. In order to access the firm-level data, users must agree to abide by a strict confidentiality agreement available through Enterprise Analysis Unit website by clicking on "External users register here" at https://www.enterprisesurveys.org/Portal
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Lithuania-2005--full data-5
The file contains the cleaned, raw database.
205
419
WEB STD FIRMID
WEB STD FIRMID
WEB STD FIRMID
WEB STD FIRMID
WEB STD FIRMID
205
Unique ID for each observation
Serial number
205
205
1
FYROM
2
Yugoslavia
3
Albania
4
Croatia
5
Turkey
6
Bosnia
7
Slovenia
8
Poland
9
Ukraine
10
Belarus
11
Hungary
12
Czech Rep.
13
Slovakia
14
Romania
15
Bulgaria
16
Moldova
17
Latvia
18
Lithuania
19
Estonia
20
Georgia
21
Armenia
22
Kazakhstan
23
Azerbaijan
24
Uzbekistan
26
Russia
27
Tajikistan
28
Kyrgyzstan
If Serbia and Montenegro
205
1
Serbia
2
Montenegro
Sysmiss
205
1
Capital
2
Other, over 1 MLN
3
Other, 250K-1MLN
4
Other, 50K-250K
5
Under 50K
City/town/village
205
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
11
12
13
14
15
16
24
25
26
27
28
29
32
33
35
37
39
44
45
46
48
49
50
51
53
55
65
68
84
86
96
97
98
99
Region/oblast
205
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
Panel enterprise interviewed in BEEPS 2002
205
1
Yes
2
No
IF THIS FIRM WAS INTERVIEWED IN BEEPS 2002, WRITE DOWN ITS SERIAL NUMBER IN 2002 FROM THE PANEL DATABASE PROVIDED
Serial number of firm in BEEPS 2002
56
149
COMPLETE TABLE 6 AND TABLE 7 IF ENTERPRISE IS INCLUDED IN THE MANUFACTURING OVERLAY SURVEY, IN ARMENIA, AZERBAIJAN, POLAND, HUNGARY, ROMANIA, MOLDOVA, AND KAZAKHSTAN
205
1
Armenia
2
Azerbaijan
3
Poland
4
Hungary
5
Romania
6
Moldova
7
Kazakhstan
Sysmiss
COMPLETE TABLE 6 AND TABLE 7 IF ENTERPRISE IS INCLUDED IN THE MANUFACTURING OVERLAY SURVEY, IN ARMENIA, AZERBAIJAN, POLAND, HUNGARY, ROMANIA, MOLDOVA, AND KAZAKHSTAN
205
1
Region A
2
Region B
3
Region C
4
Region D
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: COMPLETE FOR POLAND AND MOLDOVA ONLY
205
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: COMPLETE FOR POLAND AND MOLDOVA ONLY
205
Sysmiss
IF THIS FIRM WAS INTERVIEWED IN THE MANUFACTURING OVERLAY BEEPS IN 2003, WRITE DOWN ITS SERIAL NUMBER IN 2003 FROM THE MANUFACTURING OVERLAY PANEL DATABASE PROVIDED
Serial number of firm in manufacturing overlay BEEPS in 2003
205
Sysmiss
Good morning/afternoon/evening We have been commissioned by the European Bank of Reconstruction and Development, in cooperation with the World Bank to carry out a survey of business in our country. They want to understand better the conditions for doing business in your country. I am calling from ……………a market research company. Could I please speak to the person who normally represents the company for official purposes, that is who normally deals with banks or government agencies/institutions?
IF PERSON IS UNAVAILABLE, ARRANGE A CONVENIENT TIME AND CALL BACK. WHEN PUT THROUGH, CONTINUE.
Good morning/afternoon/evening. I am …… from ……. a market research company. We are carrying out a survey of business like yours on behalf of the European Bank of Reconstruction and Development in cooperation with the World Bank. For classification purposes, could you please answer some preliminary questions? Thank you.
Do you normally represent this company when dealing with banks or government institutions?
1) GO TO S.1a
2) ASK TO BE PUT THROUGH TO CORRECT PERSON AND REINTRODUCE
205
1
In what year did your firm begin operations in this country?
INTERVIEWER: IF THE FIRM BEGAN OPERATIONS IN 2002, 2003 OR 2004 THANK AND TERMINATE
205
1920
1921
1939
1940
1942
1945
1946
1949
1950
1951
1952
1954
1955
1956
1957
1959
1962
1966
1968
1969
1972
1976
1977
1978
1985
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
What is the legal status of this company?
205
1
Single proprietorship
2
Partnership
3
Cooperative
4
Corporation, privately held
5
Corporation listed on a stock exchange
6
Other private sector
7
State/municipal/district-owned enterprise
8
Corporatised state-owned enterprise
9
Other state owned
What is the legal status of this company?
205
1
2
How would you best describe your firm’s main area of activity in terms of annual sales?
205
1
Mining
2
Construction
3
Manufacturing
4
Transport
5
Trade
6
Real estate
7
Hotels and Restaurant
8
Other services
What percentage of your firm’s annual sales come from the main area of activity you mentioned above?
205
50
100
94.346
10.895
Could you please specify your firm’s main product line or main line of service in terms of sales?
205
1030
9305
4934.898
1758.133
How many full-time employees work for this company today?
205
1
2-10
2
11-49
3
50-99
4
100-249
5
250-499
6
500-999
7
1000-9999
How many full-time employees work for this company today?
205
1
2-49
2
50-249
3
250-9999
READ OUT OPTIONS
What percentage of your firm is owned by:
Private domestic individual(s)/ company(s)/organization(s)
205
100
76.595
40.762
READ OUT OPTIONS
What percentage of your firm is owned by:
Private foreign individual(s)/ company(s)/organization(s)
CHECK “FOREIGN OWNERSHIP” QUOTA
INTERVIEWER: IF IN S.5 FOR PRIVATE FOREIGN IS NOT EQUAL TO 0 GO TO S.6, ELSE GO TO S.7
205
100
10.361
29.055
READ OUT OPTIONS
What percentage of your firm is owned by:
Government/State
205
100
11.815
31.755
READ OUT OPTIONS
What percentage of your firm is owned by:
Other
205
52
100
MULTIPLE ANSWERS ALLOWED
What is the nationality of this foreign Individual(s) company(s)/organization(s)?
25
180
2
5
6
7
8
13
15
16
17
25
33
36
46
99
809
Sysmiss
25
180
2
5
6
7
8
9
13
15
16
17
25
33
36
46
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
1
204
8
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
205
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
What is the nationality of this foreign Individual(s) company(s)/organization(s)?
Other
2
203
48
49
Sysmiss
Does your firm currently sell its products or services directly to customers outside the country?
1) If answer is Yes then GO TO S.8
2) If answer is No or Don't Know then GO TO S.9
205
1
Yes
2
No
What percentage of your total sales do such exports represent?
CHECK “EXPORTER” QUOTA
65
140
1
100
39.923
34.066
READ OUT OPTIONS
Can you please tell me where the headquarters of the firm are located?
205
1
At this site
2
Elsewhere in this countrry
3
In a foreign country
How many establishments (separate operating facilities) including this one does your firm have in this country?
205
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
10
14
15
19
20
22
23
50
99
99 or more
Does your firm have holdings or operations in other countries?
203
2
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't know
Sysmiss
67
138
1
2
4
5
12
23
Sysmiss
201
4
1
2
3
5
Sysmiss
3
202
1
2
Sysmiss
205
Sysmiss
205
Sysmiss
The purpose of this survey is to better understand constraints that hinder the development of businesses like yours. This study is being conducted for 28 countries by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the World Bank. The initial goal is to better understand conditions for doing business in your country and how they compare to other countries. The ultimate goal of this research is to advise governments on ways to change policies and practices that impose a burden on
private firms and to develop new projects and programs that strengthen support for enterprise growth. Your answers should reflect only your perception and experience of doing business in your country.
I would like to assure you, that the information obtained here would be treated strictly anonymously and confidentially. Neither your name nor the name of your firm will be used in any document based on this survey. Neither the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development nor the World Bank nor any Governmental organisation will be informed of any individual firm’s responses or participation in this survey.
I WOULD LIKE TO START BY ASKING SOME GENERAL QUESTIONS ABOUT YOU AND THIS
ORGANISATION.
What is your job title? Please note that even if you have more than one job title we are interested in the title/responsibilities that you regard as the most important.
INTERVIEWER: IF NOT ONE OF THE ABOVE, STOP AND ASK TO SEE THE APPROPRIATE PERSON
205
1
Chief Executive/President/Vice President
2
Owner/proprietor
3
Partner
4
Director
5
General Manager
6
Manager
7
Finance Officer
What percentage of your sales comes from the following sectors in which your establishment operates?
Mining and quarrying
205
100
1.395
11.304
5
85
96
100
What percentage of your sales comes from the following sectors in which your establishment operates?
Construction
205
100
12.459
31.214
5
10
20
25
30
40
60
70
80
85
90
93
95
97
99
100
What percentage of your sales comes from the following sectors in which your establishment operates?
Manufacturing
205
100
21.302
39.637
7
10
15
20
50
70
75
80
85
90
92
93
95
96
99
100
What percentage of your sales comes from the following sectors in which your establishment operates?
Transport storage and communication
205
100
13.654
33.116
1
5
7
10
15
45
75
80
90
95
97
99
100
What percentage of your sales comes from the following sectors in which your establishment operates?
Wholesale, retail, repairs
205
100
23.307
39.585
1
3
5
8
10
15
18
20
30
40
45
55
59
60
70
80
85
90
96
98
99
100
What percentage of your sales comes from the following sectors in which your establishment operates?
Real estate, renting and business services
205
100
11.483
30.218
1
4
5
10
20
40
41
55
72
80
90
100
What percentage of your sales comes from the following sectors in which your establishment operates?
Hotels and restaurants
205
100
12.195
32.263
4
60
80
96
100
What percentage of your sales comes from the following sectors in which your establishment operates?
Other
205
100
4.205
16.233
1
2
3
4
5
10
20
30
40
45
90
100
What percentage of your firm does the largest shareholder(s) own?
205
5
100
75.898
28.108
5
9
10
13
20
24
25
30
33
34
35
36
37
38
40
42
45
48
49
50
51
52
54
55
56
60
64
65
67
70
76
77
80
81
85
87
90
97
98
99
100
How many shareholders hold this percentage share of the firm? Please give me the number
205
1
2
3
4
5
10
15
99
99 or more
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD: - MULTIPLE ANSWER
CARD - Q.4a
Individual
Family
General public
Domestic company
Foreign company
Bank
Investment fund
Managers of the firm
Employees of the firm
Government or government agency
Which of the following best describes the largest shareholder(s) in your firm?
INTERVIEWER: IF THE LARGEST SHAREHOLDER IS AN INDIVIDUAL OR FAMILY MEMBER (CODES 01 OR 02) ASK Q.4b ELSE GO THE INSTRUCTION BEFORE Q.5
205
1
2
3
4
5
8
9
10
11
105
111
10809
205
1
2
3
4
5
8
9
10
11
4
201
1
8
Sysmiss
1
204
1
Sysmiss
205
Sysmiss
Which of the following best describes the largest shareholder(s) in your firm?
Other
INTERVIEWER: IF THE LARGEST SHAREHOLDER IS AN INDIVIDUAL OR FAMILY MEMBER (CODES 01
OR 02) ASK Q.4b ELSE GO THE INSTRUCTION BEFORE Q.5
3
202
1
2
4
Sysmiss
Is the individual or family member also the manager/director of this firm?
145
60
1
Yes
2
No
Sysmiss
Is the principal owner (or one of the principal owners) a female?
145
60
1
Yes
2
No
Sysmiss
1) INTERVIEWER: ASK Q.5 IF COMPANY IS PRIVATE (I.E SCREENER QUESTIONNAIRE QUESTION S.2
CODES 1-6) ELSE GO TO Q.7
2) INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD - ONE ANSWER ONLY
CARD – Q.5
Privatisation of a state-owned firm
Originally private, from time of start up (i.e., no state-owned predecessor)
Private subsidiary of a formerly state-owned firm
Joint venture with foreign partner(s)
How was your firm established?
If answer is 1 then GO TO Q.6
If answer is 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 then GO TO Q.7
180
25
1
Privatisation of a state-owned firm
2
Originally private, from time of start up
3
Private subsidiary of a formerly state-owned firm
4
Joint venture with foreign partner(s)
5
Other
Sysmiss
1) INTERVIEWER: ASK Q.5 IF COMPANY IS PRIVATE (I.E SCREENER QUESTIONNAIRE QUESTION S.2 CODES 1-6) ELSE GO TO Q.7
How was your firm established?
5
200
1
2
3
4
5
Sysmiss
What year was the privatisation completed?
35
170
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
2000
2001
2003
Sysmiss
I WOULD NOW ASK SOME QUESTIONS ABOUT THE SALES OF YOUR FIRM AND ITS SUPPLIERS
What percentage of your firm’s sales are sold domestically, exported directly, exported indirectly through a distributor?
Sold domestically
INTERVIEWER: IF IN Q7 THE FIRM EXPORTS DIRECTLY, ASK Q.8, ELSE GO TO Q.9
205
100
84.81
29.939
2
5
8
9
10
13
15
20
25
30
35
39
40
50
55
60
70
76
80
86
90
95
98
99
100
What percentage of your firm's sales are sold domestically, exported directly, exported indirectly through a distributor?
Exported directly
INTERVIEWER: IF IN Q7 THE FIRM EXPORTS DIRECTLY, ASK Q.8, ELSE GO TO Q.9
205
100
12.659
26.663
1
2
5
10
14
20
24
25
30
40
45
50
59
60
65
70
80
85
87
90
91
95
100
What percentage of your firm's sales are sold domestically, exported directly, exported indirectly through a distributor?
Exported indirectly through a distributor
INTERVIEWER: IF IN Q7 THE FIRM EXPORTS DIRECTLY, ASK Q.8, ELSE GO TO Q.9
205
98
2.532
12.275
2
5
10
15
20
30
40
50
55
60
92
98
INTERVIEWER: IF THE ENTERPRISE EXPORTS DIRECTLY ASK:
In which year did your firm first export directly?
50
155
1945
2004
1945
1990
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2004
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: IF THE ENTERPRISE EXPORTS INDIRECTLY THROUGH A DISTRIBUTOR ASK:
In which year did your firm first export indirectly?
14
191
1960
2003
1960
1990
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
2000
2003
Sysmiss
What was the average and the longest number of days over the last 12 months that it took from the time your goods arrived in their point of exit (eg, port, airport) until the time they cleared customs?
On average
INTERVIEWER: IF IN Q.7 THE RESPONDENT SAID ZERO DOMESTIC SALES GO TO Q15
64
141
1
30
2.5
4.379
1
2
3
4
5
7
10
18
30
Sysmiss
What was the average and the longest number of days over the last 12 months that it took from the time your goods arrived in their point of exit (eg, port, airport) until the time they cleared customs?
The longest time over the last 12 months
INTERVIEWER: IF IN Q.7 THE RESPONDENT SAID ZERO DOMESTIC SALES GO TO Q15
64
141
1
30
3.266
4.55
1
2
3
5
7
10
18
30
Sysmiss
What percentage of your domestic sales are to:
Government or government agencies (excluding state-owned enterprises)
196
9
70
1.311
7.421
1
5
10
30
40
50
70
Sysmiss
What percentage of your domestic sales are to:
State owned or controlled enterprises
196
9
100
6.444
16.472
1
2
3
4
5
8
10
15
20
25
30
33
40
50
55
60
80
95
100
Sysmiss
What percentage of your domestic sales are to:
Multinationals located in your country (not including your parent company, if
applicable)
196
9
100
2.449
12.836
2
5
6
10
17
20
50
90
95
100
Sysmiss
What percentage of your domestic sales are to:
Your firm’s parent company or affiliated subsidiaries
196
9
100
2.959
12.841
3
10
20
21
25
34
45
50
60
67
75
100
Sysmiss
What percentage of your domestic sales are to:
Large private domestic firms (those with approximately 250 plus workers) (not including your parent company, if applicable)
196
9
100
20.061
30.286
2
5
6
10
15
20
24
25
30
33
40
45
47
50
55
60
70
78
80
87
90
95
100
Sysmiss
What percentage of your domestic sales are to:
Small firms and individuals
196
9
100
62.612
39.069
1
3
5
8
10
12
17
20
25
30
33
40
41
50
53
60
65
67
70
80
88
90
93
95
97
99
100
Sysmiss
What percentage of your domestic sales are to:
Other
196
9
100
4.163
18.68
5
10
13
25
63
80
100
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD: – ONE ANSWER ONLY
CARD - Q.10
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
These products cannot be imported
How important is competition from imports in the market for your main product line or main line of services in the domestic market?
198
7
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
These products cannot be imported
7
Don’t know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD: – ONE ANSWER ONLY
CARD – Q11
Our customers would continue to buy from us in the same quantities as now
Our customers would continue to buy from us, but at slightly lower quantities
Customers would continue to buy from us, but at much lower quantities
Many of our customers would buy from our competitors instead
Now I would like to ask you a hypothetical question. If you were to raise your prices of your main
product line or main line of services 10% above their current level in the domestic market (after allowing
for any inflation) which of the following would best describe the result assuming that your competitors
maintained their current prices?
197
8
1
continue to buy, same quantities
2
continue to buy, slightly lower quantities
3
continue to buy, much lower quantities
4
would buy from competitors
Sysmiss
Does your firm compete in the national market (i.e. whole country) for its main product line or service?
If answer is Yes then GO TO Q12b
If answer is No then GO TO Q13a
201
4
1
Yes
2
No
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD - ONE ANSWER ONLY
CARD - Q.12b & 13b
None
1-3
4 or more
How many competitors in the national market do you currently face for your main product line or service and how many did you face 36 months ago?
Currently
If answer is 1 then GO TO 13a
If answer is 2 or 3 then GO TO 12c
136
69
1
None
2
1-3
3
4 or more
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD - ONE ANSWER ONLY
CARD - Q.12b & 13b
None
1-3
4 or more
How many competitors in the national market do you currently face for your main product line or service and how many did you face 36 months ago?
36 months ago
If answer is 1 then GO TO 13a
If answer is 2 or 3 then GO TO 12c
136
69
1
None
2
1-3
3
4 or more
Sysmiss
Please give me the exact number of your competitors in the national market
Currently
121
84
1
99
27.463
34.699
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
20
25
30
33
36
38
45
50
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Please give me the exact number of your competitors in the national market
36 months ago
120
85
1
99
26.675
35.009
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
18
20
25
30
33
36
38
45
50
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Does your firm compete in the local market (i.e. region, city, or neighborhood) for its main product line or service?
If answer is Yes then GO TO Q13b
If answer is No then GO TO Q14
201
4
1
Yes
2
No
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD - ONE ANSWER ONLY
CARD - Q.12b & 13b
None
1-3
4 or more
How many competitors in the local market do you currently face for your main product line or service and how many did you face 36 months ago?
Currently
If answer is 1 then GO TO 14
If answer is 2 or 3 then GO TO 13c
166
39
1
None
2
1-3
3
4 or more
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD - ONE ANSWER ONLY
CARD - Q.12b & 13b
None
1-3
4 or more
How many competitors in the local market do you currently face for your main product line or service and how many did you face 36 months ago?
36 months ago
If answer is 1 then GO TO 14
If answer is 2 or 3 then GO TO 13c
166
39
1
None
2
1-3
3
4 or more
Sysmiss
Please give me the exact number of your competitors in the national market
Currently
155
50
1
99
16.077
25.513
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
20
23
25
30
33
36
38
40
50
80
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Please give me the exact number of your competitors in the national market
36 months ago
152
53
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
18
20
25
30
33
36
38
40
50
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Considering your main product line or main line of services in the domestic market, by what margin does your sales price exceed your operating costs (i.e., the cost material inputs plus wage costs but not overheads and depreciation)
165
40
3
80
20.709
13.393
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
12
15
16
17
18
20
25
28
30
33
35
40
50
55
60
70
80
Sysmiss
What percentage of your firm’s material inputs and supplies are:
Purchased from domestic sources
INTERVIEWER: IF IN Q15 THE FIRM IMPORTS DIRECTLY, ASK Q.16, ELSE GO TO Q.17
193
12
100
74.176
35.942
1
2
5
6
10
15
20
24
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
65
70
72
80
85
90
95
98
99
100
Sysmiss
What percentage of your firm’s material inputs and supplies are:
Imported directly
INTERVIEWER: IF IN Q15 THE FIRM IMPORTS DIRECTLY, ASK Q.16, ELSE GO TO Q.17
193
12
100
16.715
29.97
1
2
5
10
15
16
20
25
30
35
40
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
90
94
95
98
99
100
Sysmiss
What percentage of your firm’s material inputs and supplies are:
Imported indirectly through a distributor
INTERVIEWER: IF IN Q15 THE FIRM IMPORTS DIRECTLY, ASK Q.16, ELSE GO TO Q.17
193
12
100
9.109
24.085
1
3
5
10
15
20
24
30
40
50
65
70
75
80
90
95
100
Sysmiss
What was the average and the longest number of days over the last 12 months that it took from the time
your goods arrived in their point of entry (e.g. port, airport) until the time you could claimed them from
customs?
On average
72
133
1
14
2.028
2.129
1
2
3
4
5
7
10
14
Sysmiss
What was the average and the longest number of days over the last 12 months that it took from the time
your goods arrived in their point of entry (e.g. port, airport) until the time you could claimed them from
customs?
The longest time over the last 12 months
72
133
1
30
3.194
4.002
1
2
3
4
5
7
10
30
Sysmiss
At the time you receive delivery of your most important input or supply, how many days of stock do you
typically have on hand?
149
56
1
90
20.208
19.214
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
12
13
14
15
18
20
21
24
30
35
40
45
60
90
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD: - ONE ANSWER ONLY
CARD - Q.19
My firm will continue to buy from the supplier in the same quantities as now
My firm would continue to buy from the supplier but at slightly lower quantities
My firm would continue to buy from the supplier, but at much lower quantities
My firm would buy from other suppliers instead
Now I would like to ask you another hypothetical question. If your main supplier were to raise the price
of its main product line or main line of services 10% above its current level in the domestic market (after
allowing for any inflation) which of the following would best describe your firm’s reaction assuming that
other suppliers maintained their current prices?
205
1
same supplier, same quantities
2
same supplier, slightly lower quantities
3
same supplier, much lower quantities
4
buy from other suppliers
Has your company undertaken any of the following initiatives during the last 36 months?
Changed the identity of the main material input supplier
205
1
Yes
2
No
Has your company undertaken any of the following initiatives during the last 36 months?
Changed the identity of the main customers (>20% of sales)
205
1
Yes
2
No
Has your company undertaken any of the following initiatives during the last 36 months?
Exported to a new country
205
1
Yes
2
No
1) INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD- Q20
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
2) INTERVIEWER: FOR EACH INITIATIVE ANSWERED “YES” ASK:
And how important in retrospect was this initiative for the survival and/or growth of your company over that period?
Changed the identity of the main material input supplier
87
118
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
1) INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD- Q20
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
2) INTERVIEWER: FOR EACH INITIATIVE ANSWERED "YES" ASK:
And how important in retrospect was this initiative for the survival and/or growth of your company over that period?
Changed the identity of the main customers (>20% of sales)
49
156
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
1) INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD- Q20
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
2) INTERVIEWER: FOR EACH INITIATIVE ANSWERED "YES" ASK:
And how important in retrospect was this initiative for the survival and/or growth of your company over that period?
Exported to a new country
27
178
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
How important are the following as potential sources of information about new customers for your firm?
Family and friends
195
10
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
How important are the following as potential sources of information about new customers for your firm?
Former employees who now work for a potential customer or supplier
196
9
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
How important are the following as potential sources of information about new customers for your firm?
Prior employment of managers by a potential customer or supplier
191
14
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
How important are the following as potential sources of information about new customers for your firm?
Existing customers or suppliers
180
25
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
How important are the following as potential sources of information about new customers for your firm?
Government agencies
193
12
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
How important are the following as potential sources of information about new customers for your firm?
Business associations/chambers of commerce
194
11
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
How important are the following as potential sources of information about new customers for your firm?
Trade fairs and other public sources of information
190
15
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
How important are the following as potential sources of information about new suppliers for your firm?
Family and friends
186
19
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
How important are the following as potential sources of information about new suppliers for your firm?
Former employees who now work for a potential customer or supplier
186
19
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
How important are the following as potential sources of information about new suppliers for your firm?
Prior employment of managers by a potential customer or supplier
186
19
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
How important are the following as potential sources of information about new suppliers for your firm?
Existing customers or suppliers
169
36
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
How important are the following as potential sources of information about new suppliers for your firm?
Government agencies
185
20
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
How important are the following as potential sources of information about new suppliers for your firm?
Business associations/chambers of commerce
183
22
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
How important are the following as potential sources of information about new suppliers for your firm?
Trade fairs and other public sources of information
181
24
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
I WOULD NOW LIKE TO ASK YOU SOME QUESTIONS ABOUT INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES
How many days over the last 12 months did your establishment experience the following service interruptions, and how long did they last (average duration in hours/day), and what percent of total sales was lost?
Power outages or surges from the public grid (Days)
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NONE FOR ANY OF THE ABOVE - WRITE 000
205
25
1.078
2.454
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
10
25
How many days over the last 12 months did your establishment experience the following service interruptions, and how long did they last (average duration in hours/day), and what percent of total sales was lost?
Insufficient water supply (Days)
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NONE FOR ANY OF THE ABOVE - WRITE 000
205
30
1
2
3
4
5
10
14
30
How many days over the last 12 months did your establishment experience the following service interruptions, and how long did they last (average duration in hours/day), and what percent of total sales was lost?
Unavailable mainline telephone service (Days)
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NONE FOR ANY OF THE ABOVE - WRITE 000
205
15
0.639
1.904
1
2
3
4
5
7
10
15
How many days over the last 12 months did your establishment experience the following service
interruptions, and how long did they last (average duration in hours/day), and what percent of total sales
was lost?
Power outages or surges from the public grid (Average duration (hours/day))
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NONE FOR ANY OF THE ABOVE - WRITE 000
83
122
1
24
4.807
5.584
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
14
16
24
Sysmiss
How many days over the last 12 months did your establishment experience the following service interruptions, and how long did they last (average duration in hours/day), and what percent of total sales was lost?
Insufficient water supply (Average duration (hours/day))
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NONE FOR ANY OF THE ABOVE - WRITE 000
16
189
1
8
3.75
2.671
1
2
3
4
6
8
Sysmiss
How many days over the last 12 months did your establishment experience the following service interruptions, and how long did they last (average duration in hours/day), and what percent of total sales was lost?
Unavailable mainline telephone service (Average duration (hours/day))
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NONE FOR ANY OF THE ABOVE - WRITE 000
43
162
1
24
4.744
3.965
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
24
Sysmiss
How many days over the last 12 months did your establishment experience the following service interruptions, and how long did they last (average duration in hours/day), and what percent of total sales was lost?
Power outages or surges from the public grid (% of total sales lost)
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NONE FOR ANY OF THE ABOVE - WRITE 000
19
186
1
5
1.421
0.961
1
2
5
Sysmiss
How many days over the last 12 months did your establishment experience the following service interruptions, and how long did they last (average duration in hours/day), and what percent of total sales was lost?
Insufficient water supply (% of total sales lost)
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NONE FOR ANY OF THE ABOVE - WRITE 000
1
204
2
2
2
2
Sysmiss
How many days over the last 12 months did your establishment experience the following service interruptions, and how long did they last (average duration in hours/day), and what percent of total sales was lost?
Unavailable mainline telephone service (% of total sales lost)
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NONE FOR ANY OF THE ABOVE - WRITE 000
3
202
1
1
1
1
Sysmiss
Does your firm regularly use in its interactions with clients and suppliers any of the following?
Fixed line telephone
205
1
Yes
2
No
Does your firm regularly use in its interactions with clients and suppliers any of the following?
Fax
205
1
Yes
2
No
Does your firm regularly use in its interactions with clients and suppliers any of the following?
Mobile telephone
205
1
Yes
2
No
Does your firm regularly use in its interactions with clients and suppliers any of the following?
Email
205
1
Yes
2
No
Does your firm regularly use in its interactions with clients and suppliers any of the following?
Internet
205
1
Yes
2
No
Based on the experience of your firm over the last 36 months, how many days did you wait from the date of application to obtain each of the following?
A fixed line telephone connection
58
147
1
90
11.828
18.956
1
2
3
4
5
7
10
12
14
30
60
90
Sysmiss
Based on the experience of your firm over the last 36 months, how many days did you wait from the date of application to obtain each of the following?
An electrical connection
26
179
1
180
30.154
43.968
1
2
3
5
10
14
30
80
90
180
Sysmiss
What percentage of the value of products your establishment shipped over the last 12 months was lost while in transit due to breakage, spoilage or theft?
Products shipped and sold in the domestic market
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NO LOSSES - WRITE 000
185
20
20
0.546
2.061
1
2
3
4
5
8
15
20
Sysmiss
What percentage of the value of products your establishment shipped over the last 12 months was lost while in transit due to breakage, spoilage or theft?
Products exported directly by your firm
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NO LOSSES - WRITE 000
63
142
5
0.397
1.071
1
2
3
5
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
How often do you associate the following descriptions with the court system in resolving business disputes?
Fair and impartial
168
37
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
How often do you associate the following descriptions with the court system in resolving business disputes?
Honest/uncorrupted
165
40
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
How often do you associate the following descriptions with the court system in resolving business disputes?
Quick
168
37
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
How often do you associate the following descriptions with the court system in resolving business disputes?
Affordable
148
57
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
How often do you associate the following descriptions with the court system in resolving business disputes?
Able to enforce its decisions
162
43
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Strongly disagree
Disagree in most cases
Tend to disagree
Tend to agree
Agree in most cases
Strongly agree
To what degree do you agree with this statement? “I am confident that the legal system will uphold my contract and property rights in business disputes”.
195
10
1
Strongly disagree
2
Disagree in most cases
3
Tend to disagree
4
Tend to agree
5
Agree in most cases
6
Strongly agree
7
Don't know
Sysmiss
What percentage of your firm’s sales’ to customers in value terms over the last 12 months were
Paid before the delivery of your products or services
205
100
10.385
19.142
1
2
3
4
5
10
13
15
20
25
30
40
50
60
80
90
95
100
What percentage of your firm’s sales’ to customers in value terms over the last 12 months were
Paid on delivery of your products or services
205
100
37.741
39.249
1
2
3
5
7
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
50
58
60
70
80
87
90
94
95
96
97
98
100
What percentage of your firm’s sales’ to customers in value terms over the last 12 months were
Sold on credit (payment due after the time of delivery of your products or services)
205
100
51.873
40.377
1
2
3
4
5
10
18
20
27
30
40
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
88
90
93
95
97
98
99
100
What percentage of your firm’s purchases of material inputs or services in value terms over the last 12 months were:
Paid before the delivery of your products or services from your supplier
200
5
95
13.45
19.83
1
2
3
5
6
8
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
85
95
Sysmiss
What percentage of your firm's purchases of material inputs or services in value terms over the last 12 months were:
Paid on delivery of your products or services from your supplier
200
5
100
32.73
35.183
1
2
5
6
7
8
10
12
14
15
20
25
30
40
45
50
60
70
71
80
85
90
95
100
Sysmiss
What percentage of your firm's purchases of material inputs or services in value terms over the last 12 months were:
Purchased on credit (payment due after the time of delivery of your products or services from your supplier)
200
5
100
53.82
36.543
5
10
15
19
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
89
90
91
94
95
98
99
100
Sysmiss
Have you had to resolve any overdue payments in the last 36 months?
If answer is Yes then GO TO Q.31b
If answer is No then GO TO Q.31e
205
1
Yes
2
No
How many cases of overdue payments did your firm have to resolve in the past 36 months?
176
29
1
99
19.233
28.418
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
10
11
12
15
20
24
29
30
36
40
50
60
65
70
80
85
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
How long did it typically take (in weeks) to resolve an overdue payment?
178
27
1
99
13.27
19.547
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
12
15
16
17
18
20
24
30
36
44
46
48
50
52
56
60
66
72
90
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Of these disputes over payments, how many were resolved by court action?
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NONE – WRITE 00
181
24
50
3.028
6.696
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
10
12
15
18
20
25
30
50
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Number of cases
Number of cases
Number of cases
Number of cases
Number of cases
How many cases in civil or commercial arbitration courts have involved your firm either as a plaintiff or defendant in the last 36 months?
Plaintiff
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NO CASES - WRITE 00
205
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
10
12
15
18
20
25
29
30
99
99 or more
Number of cases
Number of cases
Number of cases
Number of cases
Number of cases
How many cases in civil or commercial arbitration courts have involved your firm either as a plaintiff or defendant in the last 36 months?
Defendant
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NO CASES - WRITE 00
205
10
0.502
1.36
1
2
3
5
7
8
10
Do you pay for security (e.g., equipment, personnel, or professional security services)?
205
1
Yes
2
No
% of total
annual sales
% of total
annual sales
% of total
annual sales
% of total
annual sales
% of total
annual sales
Do you pay for security (e.g., equipment, personnel, or professional security services)? If yes, what percent of your total annual sales do you pay?
159
46
10
0.635
1.105
1
2
3
4
5
10
Sysmiss
Amount paid
Amount paid
Amount paid
Amount paid
Amount paid
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT CAN NOT TELL YOU THE PERCENTAGE ASK FOR THE VALUE
Do you pay for security (e.g., equipment, personnel, or professional security services)? If yes, what percent of your total annual sales do you pay?
115
90
56
3.183
8.289
1
2
3
4
5
9
10
14
15
24
25
30
35
56
Sysmiss
Do firms in your line of business pay for protection payments (e.g., to organised crime to prevent violence or property damage)?
205
1
Yes
2
No
% of total
annual sales
% of total
annual sales
% of total
annual sales
% of total
annual sales
% of total
annual sales
Do firms in your line of business pay for protection payments (e.g., to organised crime to prevent violence or property damage)? If yes, what percent of total annual sales are customarily paid?
84
121
Sysmiss
Amount paid
Amount paid
Amount paid
Amount paid
Amount paid
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT CANNOT TELL YOU THE PERCENTAGE ASK FOR THE VALUE
Do firms in your line of business pay for protection payments (e.g., to organised crime to prevent violence or property damage)? If yes, what percent of total annual sales are customarily paid?
84
121
Sysmiss
Have you had any losses as a result of theft, robbery, vandalism or arson against your firm over the last 12 months?
205
1
Yes
2
No
Losses as a %
of total sales over the
last 12 months
Losses as a %
of total sales over the
last 12 months
Losses as a %
of total sales over the
last 12 months
Losses as a %
of total sales over the
last 12 months
Losses as a %
of total sales over the
last 12 months
Have you had any losses as a result of theft, robbery, vandalism or arson against your firm over the last 12 months? If yes, what were your estimated losses as a percent of your sales over the last 12 months?
205
30
0.761
2.905
1
2
3
4
5
7
10
15
20
30
1) NOW I WOULD LIKE YOU TO THINK ABOUT THE GOVERNMENT POLICIES, LAWS AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING YOUR BUSINESS
2) INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Strongly disagree
Disagree in most cases
Tend to disagree
Tend to agree
Agree in most cases
Strongly agree
To what degree do you agree with the following statements?
Information on the laws and regulations affecting my firm is easy to obtain
203
2
1
Strongly disagree
2
Disagree in most cases
3
Tend to disagree
4
Tend to agree
5
Agree in most cases
6
Strongly agree
7
Don't know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Strongly disagree
Disagree in most cases
Tend to disagree
Tend to agree
Agree in most cases
Strongly agree
To what degree do you agree with the following statements?
Interpretations of the laws and regulations affecting my firm are consistent and predictable
201
4
1
Strongly disagree
2
Disagree in most cases
3
Tend to disagree
4
Tend to agree
5
Agree in most cases
6
Strongly agree
7
Don't know
Sysmiss
What percent of senior management’s time over the last 12 months was spent in dealing with public officials about the application and interpretation of laws and regulations and to get or to maintain access to public services?
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NO TIME WAS SPENT – WRITE 00.0
205
35
5.888
7.688
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
15
16
20
25
30
33
35
Over the last 12 months did your firm employ an outside consultant to deal with public officials about the application and interpretation of laws and regulations and to get or to maintain access to public services?
205
1
Yes
2
No
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
How often is the following statement true? “If a government agent acts against the rules I can usually go to another official or to his superior and get the correct treatment without recourse to unofficial payments/gifts.”
183
22
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
Is your firm a member of a business association or chamber of commerce?
If answer is Yes then GO TO Q.36b
If answer is No then GO TO Q.37
205
1
Yes
2
No
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No value
Minor value
Moderate value
Major value
Critical value to your firm
What services do you receive from the association or associations to which you belong, and what is the value of these services to your firm? “Critical value to your firm” should be placed on services that significantly reduce the costs of your firm or significantly increase the sales of your firm.
Lobbying government
64
141
No value
1
Minor value
2
Moderate value
3
Major value
4
Critical value to your firm
5
Not provided
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No value
Minor value
Moderate value
Major value
Critical value to your firm
What services do you receive from the association or associations to which you belong, and what is the value of these services to your firm? "Critical value to your firm" should be placed on services that significantly reduce the costs of your firm or significantly increase the sales of your firm.
Resolution of disputes (with officials, workers or other firms)
60
145
No value
1
Minor value
2
Moderate value
3
Major value
4
Critical value to your firm
5
Not provided
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No value
Minor value
Moderate value
Major value
Critical value to your firm
What services do you receive from the association or associations to which you belong, and what is the value of these services to your firm? "Critical value to your firm" should be placed on services that significantly reduce the costs of your firm or significantly increase the sales of your firm.
Information and/or contacts on domestic product and input markets
66
139
No value
1
Minor value
2
Moderate value
3
Major value
4
Critical value to your firm
5
Not provided
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No value
Minor value
Moderate value
Major value
Critical value to your firm
What services do you receive from the association or associations to which you belong, and what is the value of these services to your firm? "Critical value to your firm" should be placed on services that significantly reduce the costs of your firm or significantly increase the sales of your firm.
Information and/or contacts on international product and input markets
62
143
No value
1
Minor value
2
Moderate value
3
Major value
4
Critical value to your firm
5
Not provided
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No value
Minor value
Moderate value
Major value
Critical value to your firm
What services do you receive from the association or associations to which you belong, and what is the value of these services to your firm? "Critical value to your firm" should be placed on services that significantly reduce the costs of your firm or significantly increase the sales of your firm.
Accrediting standards or quality of products; reputational benefits
66
139
No value
1
Minor value
2
Moderate value
3
Major value
4
Critical value to your firm
5
Not provided
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No value
Minor value
Moderate value
Major value
Critical value to your firm
What services do you receive from the association or associations to which you belong, and what is the value of these services to your firm? "Critical value to your firm" should be placed on services that significantly reduce the costs of your firm or significantly increase the sales of your firm.
Information on government regulations
66
139
No value
1
Minor value
2
Moderate value
3
Major value
4
Critical value to your firm
5
Not provided
Sysmiss
Thinking about national laws and regulations enacted over the last 12 months that had a substantial impact on your business, did your firm seek to influence the content of laws or regulations affecting it?
205
1
Yes
2
No
Thinking about local or regional laws and regulations enacted over the last 12 months that had a substantial impact on your business, did your firm seek to influence the content of laws or regulations affecting it?
205
1
Yes
2
No
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Tax inspectorate
205
1
Yes
2
No
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Labour and social security
205
1
Yes
2
No
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Fire & building safety
205
1
Yes
2
No
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Sanitation/ Epidemiology
205
1
Yes
2
No
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Municipal police
205
1
Yes
2
No
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Environmental
205
1
Yes
2
No
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
Inspections/meetings carried
out
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Customs agency
205
1
Yes
2
No
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Interviewer: If Inspection/meeting Yes, Complete These Columns
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Tax inspectorate
138
67
1
50
4.486
7.033
1
2
3
4
5
7
9
10
12
14
15
20
24
30
50
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Interviewer: If Inspection/meeting Yes, Complete These Columns
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Labour and social security
114
91
1
99
3.518
9.782
1
2
3
4
5
6
10
12
14
15
20
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12 months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12 months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12 months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12 months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12 months
Interviewer: If Inspection/meeting Yes, Complete These Columns
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Fire & building safety
128
77
1
99
3.289
9.66
1
2
3
4
5
6
9
10
12
30
40
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Interviewer: If Inspection/meeting Yes, Complete These Columns
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Sanitation/ Epidemiology
85
120
1
99
5.153
12.3
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
15
30
50
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Interviewer: If Inspection/meeting Yes, Complete These Columns
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Municipal police
31
174
1
48
3.742
8.907
1
2
3
4
5
20
48
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Interviewer: If Inspection/meeting Yes, Complete These Columns
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Environmental
63
142
1
16
2.508
2.602
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
12
16
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Number of
inspections/m
eetings over
the last 12
months
Interviewer: If Inspection/meeting Yes, Complete These Columns
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Customs agency
24
181
1
99
12
21.827
1
2
3
5
6
10
15
33
50
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Interviewer: If Inspection/meeting Yes, Complete These Columns
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Tax inspectorate
135
70
1
99
13.956
23.929
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
12
13
14
16
20
24
30
32
40
54
56
60
78
80
88
98
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Interviewer: If Inspection/meeting Yes, Complete These Columns
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Labour and social security
111
94
1
99
5.883
12.241
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
14
15
16
24
80
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Interviewer: If Inspection/meeting Yes, Complete These Columns
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Fire & building safety
128
77
1
80
3.211
7.303
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
16
80
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Interviewer: If Inspection/meeting Yes, Complete These Columns
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Sanitation/ Epidemiology
83
122
1
24
2.675
3.112
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
24
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Interviewer: If Inspection/meeting Yes, Complete These Columns
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Municipal police
30
175
1
8
1.867
1.697
1
2
3
4
6
8
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Interviewer: If Inspection/meeting Yes, Complete These Columns
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Environmental
61
144
1
12
2.721
2.484
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
12
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Average duration of inspections/meetings (hours/visit)
Interviewer: If Inspection/meeting Yes, Complete These Columns
How many times in the last 12 months was your establishment either inspected by the following agencies or required to meet with officials from these agencies? What was the average duration of these inspections/meetings?
Customs agency
24
181
1
99
12.708
27.404
1
2
6
8
10
16
30
99
99 or more
Sysmiss
1) WE NOW WANT TO ASK YOUR OPINION ON “UNOFFICIAL PAYMENTS” TO OFFICIALS IN THIS
COUNTRY. CAN I PLEASE REASSURE YOU THAT:
We are interested in your opinions in a personal capacity
We do not imply in any way that your company makes unofficial payments/gifts
We recognise that your company neither approves of nor condones the use of unofficial payments/gifts
The responses that you give will be aggregated and presented in purely statistical terms; any comments you give me cannot be attributed to either you or your company
2) INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
Thinking about officials, would you say the following statements are always, usually, frequently, sometimes, seldom or never true?
“It is common for firms in my line of business to have to pay some irregular “additional payments/gifts” to get things done ” with regard to customs, taxes, licenses, regulations, services, etc.
191
14
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
Thinking about officials, would you say the following statements are always, usually, frequently, sometimes, seldom or never true?
“Firms in my line of business usually know in advance about how much this ‘additional payment/gifts’ is
173
32
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
On average, what percent of total annual sales do firm’s like yours typically pay in unofficial payments/gifts to public officials?
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NO PAYMENTS ARE MADE – WRITE 00.0
177
28
8
0.872
1.479
0.100000001490116
0.5
0.699999988079071
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
Thinking now of unofficial payments/gifts that a firm like yours would make in a given year, could you please tell me how often would they make payments/gifts for the following purposes
To get connected to and maintain public services (electricity and telephone)
188
17
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
Thinking now of unofficial payments/gifts that a firm like yours would make in a given year, could you please tell me how often would they make payments/gifts for the following purposes
To obtain business licenses and permits
189
16
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
Thinking now of unofficial payments/gifts that a firm like yours would make in a given year, could you please tell me how often would they make payments/gifts for the following purposes
To obtain government contracts
176
29
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
Thinking now of unofficial payments/gifts that a firm like yours would make in a given year, could you please tell me how often would they make payments/gifts for the following purposes
To deal with occupational health and safety inspections
186
19
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
Thinking now of unofficial payments/gifts that a firm like yours would make in a given year, could you please tell me how often would they make payments/gifts for the following purposes
To deal with fire and building inspections
186
19
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
Thinking now of unofficial payments/gifts that a firm like yours would make in a given year, could you please tell me how often would they make payments/gifts for the following purposes
To deal with environmental inspections
181
24
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
Thinking now of unofficial payments/gifts that a firm like yours would make in a given year, could you please tell me how often would they make payments/gifts for the following purposes
To deal with taxes and tax collection
185
20
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
Thinking now of unofficial payments/gifts that a firm like yours would make in a given year, could you please tell me how often would they make payments/gifts for the following purposes
To deal with customs/imports
151
54
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
Thinking now of unofficial payments/gifts that a firm like yours would make in a given year, could you please tell me how often would they make payments/gifts for the following purposes
To deal with courts
167
38
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Frequently
Usually
Always
Thinking now of unofficial payments/gifts that a firm like yours would make in a given year, could you please tell me how often would they make payments/gifts for the following purposes
To influence the content of new legislation rules decrees etc.
162
43
1
Never
2
Seldom
3
Sometime
4
Frequently
5
Usually
6
Always
7
Do not know
Sysmiss
When firms in your industry do business with the government, what percent of the contract value would be typically paid in additional or unofficial payments/gifts to secure the contract?
INTERVIEWER: IF THE RESPONDENT SAID NO PAYMENTS/GIFTS ARE PAID – WRITE 00.0
164
41
10
1.982
3.49
1
2
3
5
7
8
10
Sysmiss
Recognising the difficulties that many firms face in fully complying with taxes and regulations, what percentage of total annual sales would you estimate the typical firm in your area of business reports for tax purposes?
172
33
20
100
89.715
17.957
20
30
50
60
70
75
80
85
90
95
97
99
100
Sysmiss
Recognising the difficulties that many firms face in fully complying with labour regulations, what percentage of total workforce would you estimate the typical firm in your area of business reports for tax purposes?
182
23
10
100
92.687
17.925
10
15
20
30
40
50
60
70
75
80
90
95
98
100
Sysmiss
Recognising the difficulties that many firms face in fully complying with labour regulations, what percentage of the actual wage bill would you estimate the typical firm in your area of business reports for tax purposes?
185
20
10
100
87.162
19.794
10
30
40
45
50
55
60
67
70
75
80
85
90
95
97
98
100
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No impact
Minor impact
Moderate impact
Major impact
Decisive impact
It is often said that firms make unofficial payments/gifts, private payments or other benefits to public officials to gain advantages in the drafting of laws, decrees, regulations, and other binding government decisions. To what extent have the following practices had a direct impact on your business.
Private payments/gifts or other benefits to Parliamentarians to affect their votes
148
57
No impact
1
Minor impact
2
Moderate impact
3
Major impact
4
Decisive impact
5
Don't know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No impact
Minor impact
Moderate impact
Major impact
Decisive impact
It is often said that firms make unofficial payments/gifts, private payments or other benefits to public officials to gain advantages in the drafting of laws, decrees, regulations, and other binding government decisions. To what extent have the following practices had a direct impact on your business.
Private payments/gifts or other benefits to Government officials to affect the content of government decrees
153
52
No impact
1
Minor impact
2
Moderate impact
3
Major impact
4
Decisive impact
5
Don't know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No impact
Minor impact
Moderate impact
Major impact
Decisive impact
It is often said that firms make unofficial payments/gifts, private payments or other benefits to public officials to gain advantages in the drafting of laws, decrees, regulations, and other binding government decisions. To what extent have the following practices had a direct impact on your business.
Private payments/gifts or other benefits to local or regional government officials to affect their
votes or content of government decrees
158
47
No impact
1
Minor impact
2
Moderate impact
3
Major impact
4
Decisive impact
5
Don't know
Sysmiss
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
1) I WOULD NOW LIKE TO ASK SOME QUESTIONS ABOUT THE FINANCING OF YOUR FIRM
2) INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm’s working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Internal funds/Retained earnings
202
3
100
66.812
37.444
3
5
7
10
12
20
30
36
38
40
42
50
60
70
72
75
77
78
80
83
85
90
95
97
98
99
100
Sysmiss
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
202
3
100
2.832
14.33
12
15
20
35
40
50
80
100
Sysmiss
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
202
3
100
6.98
17.331
2
3
5
8
10
12
15
20
30
40
50
60
70
75
80
100
Sysmiss
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Borrowing from foreign banks
202
3
20
0.124
1.449
5
20
Sysmiss
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
202
3
70
0.718
5.825
15
30
70
Sysmiss
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Loans from family/friends
202
3
90
1.936
9.644
1
5
10
20
30
50
60
90
Sysmiss
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
202
3
70
1.272
7.538
7
10
20
30
50
70
Sysmiss
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Trade credit from suppliers
202
3
100
10.119
22.589
3
5
8
10
15
19
20
25
29
30
40
45
50
55
60
70
80
85
100
Sysmiss
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Trade credit from customers
202
3
100
1.866
9.681
2
3
5
10
14
15
20
25
30
40
70
100
Sysmiss
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Credit cards
202
3
10
0.109
0.845
1
2
4
5
10
Sysmiss
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Leasing arrangement
202
3
100
3.876
12.495
1
2
3
5
9
10
12
15
20
30
50
70
80
100
Sysmiss
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
The government (other than state-owned banks)
202
3
10
0.0594
0.717
2
10
Sysmiss
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
Working capital (i.e. inventories, accounts receivable, cash)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Other (SPECIFY SOURCES)
202
3
100
3.297
15.556
3
20
40
48
60
70
85
100
Sysmiss
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Internal funds/Retained earnings
174
31
100
56.879
43.871
10
20
25
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
95
97
100
Sysmiss
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
174
31
100
2.874
16.193
20
80
100
Sysmiss
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
174
31
100
9.138
23.393
5
10
15
20
25
30
40
50
60
70
75
80
90
100
Sysmiss
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Borrowing from foreign banks
174
31
Sysmiss
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
174
31
100
1.437
11.313
50
100
Sysmiss
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Loans from family/friends
174
31
100
1.983
10.949
10
20
25
50
70
100
Sysmiss
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
174
31
50
0.776
5.948
35
50
Sysmiss
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Trade credit from suppliers
174
31
100
2.414
13.933
10
20
40
50
100
Sysmiss
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Trade credit from customers
174
31
100
0.575
7.581
100
Sysmiss
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Credit cards
174
31
Sysmiss
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Leasing arrangement
174
31
100
20.305
35.288
3
5
10
15
20
25
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Sysmiss
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
The government (other than state-owned banks)
174
31
20
0.172
1.691
10
20
Sysmiss
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Other (SPECIFY SOURCES)
174
31
100
3.448
17.225
60
70
100
Sysmiss
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
New investments (i.e.
new land, buildings,
machinery, equipment)
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
CARD - Q.45
Internal funds/Retained earnings
Equity (i.e. issue new shares)
Borrowing from local private commercial banks
Borrowing from foreign banks
Borrowing from state-owned banks, including state development banks
Loans from family/friends
Money lenders or other informal sources (other than family/friends)
Trade credit from suppliers
Trade credit from customers
Credit cards
Leasing arrangement
The government (other than state-owned banks)
What proportion of your firm's working capital and new fixed investment has been financed from each of the following sources, over the last 12 months?
Other
6
199
1
9
4
2.683
1
3
4
9
Sysmiss
205
Activities of other transport agencies
Activities of travel agencies tour operators; tourist
Advertising
Architectural engineering related technical consultancy
Artistic and literary creation and interpretation
Bars
Business and management consultancy activities
Canteens
Construction of highways, roads, sport facilities
Dispensing chemists
Dressing and dyeing of fur; manufacture of articles
Extraction and agglomeration of peat
Finishing of textiles
Floor and wall covering
Freight transport by road
Funeral and related activities
General construction buildings & civil engineering work
Hotels and motels, with restaurant
Installation of electrical wiring and fittings
Investigation and security activities
Labour recruitment and provision of personnel
Letting of own property
Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles
Management activities of holding companies
Management of real estate on a fee or contract basis
Manufacture of bread; fresh pastry goods and cakes
Manufacture of builders carpentry and joinery
Manufacture of cocoa; chocolate and sugar confectionery
Manufacture of concrete products for construction
Manufacture of electric motors, generator & transformer
Manufacture of electricity distribution & control
Manufacture of glass fibres
Manufacture of machine-tools
Manufacture of medical and surgical equipment
Manufacture of metal structures and parts of structures
Manufacture of mortars
Manufacture of other food products n.e.c.
Manufacture of other furniture
Manufacture of other outerwear
Manufacture of other products of wood
Manufacture of paper and paperboard
Manufacture of refined petroleum products
Manufacture of veneer sheets; plywood, laminboard
Manufacture of wooden containers
Manufacture of workwear
Non-specialized wholesale of food, beverages & tobacco
Operation of dairies and cheese making
Operation of gravel and sand pits
Other building completion
Other business activities n.e.c.
Other construction work involving special trades
Other land passenger transport
Other manufacturing n.e.c.
Other mining and quarrying n.e.c.
Other provision of lodgings n.e.c.
Other retail sale in specialized stores
Other scheduled passenger land transport
Other service activities n.e.c.
Other supporting air transport activities
Other supporting land transport activities
Plumbing
Preparation and spinning of cotton-type fibres
Preparation and spinning of flax-type fibres
Preparation and spinning of other textile fibres
Printing n.e.c.
Production and preserving of meat
Production of mineral waters and soft drinks
Publishing of newspapers
Radio and television activities
Real estate agencies
Repair n.e.c.
Repair of electrical household goods
Research and experimental development
Restaurants
Retail sale in non-special store food beverage tob
Retail sale of books, newspapers and stationery
Retail sale of clothing
Retail sale of cosmetic and toilet articles
Retail sale of electrical household appliances TV
Retail sale of furniture lighting equip household
Retail sale of hardware, paints and glass
Retail sale of medical and orthopaedic goods
Sale of motor vehicle parts and accessories
Sale of motor vehicles
Sawmilling and planing of wood; impregnation of wood
Shaping and processing of flat glass
Silk-type weaving
Software consultancy and supply
Taxi operation
Technical testing and analysis
Wholesale of alcoholic and other beverages
Wholesale of chemical products
Wholesale of dairy produce, eggs & edible oils and fats
Wholesale of hardware, plumbing and heating equipment
Wholesale of wood, construction materials
Does your establishment have a checking or savings account?
A checking account
205
1
Yes
2
No
Does your establishment have a checking or savings account?
Savings account
205
1
Yes
2
No
Thinking of the most recent loan you obtained from a financial institution, did the financing require collateral?
If answer is Yes then GO TO Q.46b
If answer is No then GO TO Q.46d
If answer is No loan then GO TO Q.47a
99
106
1
Yes
2
No
3
No loan
Sysmiss
MULTIPLE ANSWERS ALLOWED
What kind of collateral (e.g., land, buildings, machinery, your home) was required?
77
128
1
Land
2
Buildings
3
Machinery and equipment including movables
4
Accounts receivable
5
Inventories
6
Personal assets of owner
7
Other
12
23
24
25
56
57
123
126
127
234
245
1235
2345
12345
12346
Sysmiss
77
128
2
3
4
5
6
7
Sysmiss
33
172
1
2
3
4
5
Sysmiss
13
192
1
2
3
Sysmiss
4
201
1
2
Sysmiss
2
203
1
Sysmiss
What kind of collateral (e.g., land, buildings, machinery, your home) was required?
Other
3
202
1
2
Sysmiss
What was the approximate value of the collateral required as a percentage of the loan value?
74
131
50
500
136.324
67.263
50
60
70
75
80
86
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
167
170
180
200
300
500
Sysmiss
What is the loan’s annual cost (i.e., rate of interest)?
86
119
2
15
5.94
1.968
2
3
4
4.80000019073486
5
6
7
8
9
10
15
Sysmiss
What is the duration of the loan in months?
91
114
3
192
36.121
30.564
3
6
12
20
24
36
48
60
72
84
108
120
192
Sysmiss
Was the loan denominated in local or foreign currency?
93
112
1
Local currency
2
Foreign currency
Sysmiss
Month loan received
Month loan received
Month loan received
Month loan received
Month loan received
On what date was the loan received?
79
126
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Sysmiss
Year loan received
Year loan received
Year loan received
Year loan received
Year loan received
On what date was the loan received?
89
116
1994
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Sysmiss
How many days did it take to agree the loan with the bank from the date of application?
INTERVIEWER GO TO Q.48
89
116
1
180
28.011
31.43
1
2
3
5
7
10
14
15
20
21
26
30
40
45
60
90
120
150
180
Sysmiss
If your firm does not currently have a loan, what was the reason?
106
99
1
Did not apply for a loan
2
Application was turned down
3
Application is still pending
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD - MULTIPLE ANSWERS
CARD - Q.47b
Does not need a loan
Application procedure of bank loans are too burdensome
Collateral requirements for bank loans are too strict
Interest rates are too high
It is necessary to make informal payments to get bank loans
Did not think it would be approved
If your firm did not apply for a loan, what were the main reasons?
INTERVIEWER: GO TO Q.48
96
109
1
Does not need a loan
2
Application procedures are too burdensome
3
Collateral requirements are too strict
4
Interest rates are too high
5
It is necessary to make informal payments
6
Did not think it would be approved
7
Others (Specify)
13
14
23
24
34
46
234
246
Sysmiss
96
109
1
2
3
4
6
7
Sysmiss
17
188
1
2
3
4
Sysmiss
3
202
2
Sysmiss
205
Sysmiss
205
Sysmiss
CARD - Q.47b
Does not need a loan
Application procedure of bank loans are too burdensome
Collateral requirements for bank loans are too strict
Interest rates are too high
It is necessary to make informal payments to get bank loans
Did not think it would be approved
If your firm did not apply for a loan, what were the main reasons?
Other
INTERVIEWER: GO TO Q.48
1
204
1
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD – MULTIPLE ANSWER
CARD - Q.47c
Lack of acceptable collateral
Perceived lack of profitability of the firm
Inadequate credit history of the firm
Incompleteness of the loan application
If the loan application of your firm was rejected, what were the main reasons?
5
200
1
Lack of acceptable collateral
2
Perceived lack of profitability of the firm
3
Inadequate credit history of the firm
4
Incompleteness of the loan application
5
Others (Specify)
Sysmiss
5
200
2
Sysmiss
205
Sysmiss
205
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD - MULTIPLE ANSWER
CARD - Q.47c
Lack of acceptable collateral
Perceived lack of profitability of the firm
Inadequate credit history of the firm
Incompleteness of the loan application
If the loan application of your firm was rejected, what were the main reasons?
Other
205
Sysmiss
Does your firm use international accounting standards (IAS) as provided by the International Accounting Standards Board or US GAAP or national accounting standards as provided by the Ministry of Finance or securities regulator?
International Accounting Standards
182
23
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
Does your firm use international accounting standards (IAS) as provided by the International Accounting Standards Board or US GAAP or national accounting standards as provided by the Ministry of Finance or securities regulator?
US GAAP
180
25
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
Does your firm use international accounting standards (IAS) as provided by the International Accounting Standards Board or US GAAP or national accounting standards as provided by the Ministry of Finance or securities regulator?
National Accounting Standards
202
3
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
Does your firm have its annual financial statement checked and certified by an external auditor?
202
3
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
What share of your sales to your customers (in per cent) over the last 12 months was ultimately settled by:
Cash
205
100
32.966
36.386
1
2
3
5
7
8
9
10
11
15
20
25
30
33
40
50
60
70
80
90
92
95
98
99
100
What share of your sales to your customers (in per cent) over the last 12 months was ultimately settled by:
Through bank (electronic transfers of cash/cheques/credit cards, etc..)
205
100
65.366
36.328
1
2
5
8
10
20
30
35
38
40
48
50
57
60
65
70
75
80
84
85
89
90
92
93
95
96
97
98
99
100
What share of your sales to your customers (in per cent) over the last 12 months was ultimately settled by:
Bills of exchange (e.g., veksels)
205
20
0.0976
1.397
20
What share of your sales to your customers (in per cent) over the last 12 months was ultimately settled by:
Debt swaps or offsets
205
50
1.034
4.558
1
2
3
5
9
10
30
50
What share of your sales to your customers (in per cent) over the last 12 months was ultimately settled by:
Exchange of goods for goods
205
10
0.532
1.854
1
2
3
5
10
What share of your sales to your customers (in per cent) over the last 12 months was ultimately settled by:
Other
205
1
0.00488
0.0698
1
What share of your purchases from suppliers (in per cent) over the last 12 months was ultimately settled by:
Cash
203
2
100
22.394
31.669
1
2
3
4
5
6
10
15
20
30
35
40
50
60
70
78
80
85
90
95
100
Sysmiss
What share of your purchases from suppliers (in per cent) over the last 12 months was ultimately settled by:
Through bank (electronic transfers of cash/cheques/credit cards, etc..)
203
2
100
75.498
31.898
5
10
15
20
30
40
50
60
65
70
75
79
80
85
86
87
90
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
Sysmiss
What share of your purchases from suppliers (in per cent) over the last 12 months was ultimately settled by:
Bills of exchange (e.g., veksels)
203
2
95
0.567
6.807
20
95
Sysmiss
What share of your purchases from suppliers (in per cent) over the last 12 months was ultimately settled by:
Debt swaps or offsets
203
2
50
1.015
4.889
1
2
3
4
5
9
10
30
50
Sysmiss
What share of your purchases from suppliers (in per cent) over the last 12 months was ultimately settled by:
Exchange of goods for goods
203
2
15
0.527
1.998
2
3
4
5
10
15
Sysmiss
What share of your purchases from suppliers (in per cent) over the last 12 months was ultimately settled by:
Other
203
2
Sysmiss
Does your firm currently have any payments overdue (by more than 90 days) to each of the following. If yes, what is the amount of the overdue payments as a % of your total annual sales?
Utilities
203
2
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
Does your firm currently have any payments overdue (by more than 90 days) to each of the following. If yes, what is the amount of the overdue payments as a % of your total annual sales?
Taxes
203
2
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
Does your firm currently have any payments overdue (by more than 90 days) to each of the following. If yes, what is the amount of the overdue payments as a % of your total annual sales?
Employees
203
2
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
Does your firm currently have any payments overdue (by more than 90 days) to each of the following. If yes, what is the amount of the overdue payments as a % of your total annual sales?
Material input suppliers
203
2
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
Does your firm currently have any payments overdue (by more than 90 days) to each of the following. If yes, what is the amount of the overdue payments as a % of your total annual sales?
Utilities
3
202
1
10
7
5.196
1
10
Sysmiss
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
Does your firm currently have any payments overdue (by more than 90 days) to each of the following. If yes, what is the amount of the overdue payments as a % of your total annual sales?
Taxes
8
197
1
30
6.375
9.768
1
2
3
5
7
30
Sysmiss
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
Does your firm currently have any payments overdue (by more than 90 days) to each of the following. If yes, what is the amount of the overdue payments as a % of your total annual sales?
Employees
1
204
1
1
1
1
Sysmiss
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
Does your firm currently have any payments overdue (by more than 90 days) to each of the following. If yes, what is the amount of the overdue payments as a % of your total annual sales?
Material input suppliers
22
183
1
43
12.318
11.982
1
2
3
5
10
15
20
30
40
43
Sysmiss
Over the last 36 months has your firm received any subsidies from the national government, EU sources regional/local governments or any other sources? If yes, on average, over the last 36 months what was the amount of these subsidies as a percent of the average sales during this period?
National government
203
2
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
Over the last 36 months has your firm received any subsidies from the national government, EU sources regional/local governments or any other sources? If yes, on average, over the last 36 months what was the amount of these subsidies as a percent of the average sales during this period?
Regional or local government
203
2
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
Over the last 36 months has your firm received any subsidies from the national government, EU sources regional/local governments or any other sources? If yes, on average, over the last 36 months what was the amount of these subsidies as a percent of the average sales during this period?
EU sources
203
2
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
Over the last 36 months has your firm received any subsidies from the national government, EU sources regional/local governments or any other sources? If yes, on average, over the last 36 months what was the amount of these subsidies as a percent of the average sales during this period?
Other (SPECIFY)
64
141
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
Over the last 36 months has your firm received any subsidies from the national government, EU sources regional/local governments or any other sources? If yes, on average, over the last 36 months what was the amount of these subsidies as a percent of the average sales during this period?
National government
6
199
1
70
21.5
26.372
1
7
20
30
70
Sysmiss
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
Over the last 36 months has your firm received any subsidies from the national government, EU sources regional/local governments or any other sources? If yes, on average, over the last 36 months what was the amount of these subsidies as a percent of the average sales during this period?
Regional or local government
13
192
1
30
6.846
8.071
1
5
9
16
30
Sysmiss
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
Over the last 36 months has your firm received any subsidies from the national government, EU sources regional/local governments or any other sources? If yes, on average, over the last 36 months what was the amount of these subsidies as a percent of the average sales during this period?
EU sources
2
203
1
3
2
1.414
1
3
Sysmiss
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
% of total annual sales
Over the last 36 months has your firm received any subsidies from the national government, EU sources regional/local governments or any other sources? If yes, on average, over the last 36 months what was the amount of these subsidies as a percent of the average sales during this period?
Other (SPECIFY)
5
200
1
1
1
1
Sysmiss
1) I WOULD NOW LIKE TO ASK YOU QUESTIONS ABOUT THE OVERALL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT IN YOUR COUNTRY AND HOW IT AFFECTS YOUR FIRM
2) INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Access to financing (e.g., collateral required or financing not available from banks)
160
45
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Cost of financing (e.g., interest rates and charges)
194
11
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Telecommunications
204
1
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Electricity
204
1
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Transportation
203
2
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Access to land
167
38
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Title or leasing of land
170
35
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Tax rates
203
2
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Tax administration
202
3
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Customs and trade regulations
158
47
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Business licensing and permits
197
8
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Labour regulations
202
3
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Skills and education of available workers
202
3
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Uncertainty about regulatory policies
194
11
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Macroeconomic instability (inflation, exchange rate)
198
7
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Functioning of the judiciary
189
16
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Corruption
193
12
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Street crime, theft and disorder
201
4
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Organised crime/mafia
194
11
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Anti-competitive practices of other competitors
200
5
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Contract violations by customers and suppliers
197
8
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Other
205
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
No obstacle
Minor obstacle
Moderate obstacle
Major obstacle
Can you tell me how problematic are these different factors for the operation and growth of your business:
Other
205
1
No obstacle
2
Minor obstacle
3
Moderate obstacle
4
Major obstacle
5
Don't Know
Sysmiss
I WOULD NOW LIKE TO ASK YOU SOME QUESTIONS ABOUT THE PERFORMANCE OF YOUR FIRM AND ITS INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES
Over the last 36 months how have the following changed (increased/decreased) and what is the percent of change for your company, in real terms (i.e., after allowing for inflation):
Sales
205
1
Increase
2
Decrease
3
No change
Over the last 36 months how have the following changed (increased/decreased) and what is the percent of change for your company, in real terms (i.e., after allowing for inflation):
Exports
70
135
1
Increase
2
Decrease
3
No change
Sysmiss
Over the last 36 months how have the following changed (increased/decreased) and what is the percent of change for your company, in real terms (i.e., after allowing for inflation):
Fixed assets (e.g., land, buildings, machinery and equipment)
205
1
Increase
2
Decrease
3
No change
Over the last 36 months how have the following changed (increased/decreased) and what is the percent of change for your company, in real terms (i.e., after allowing for inflation):
Material inputs
205
1
Increase
2
Decrease
3
No change
Over the last 36 months how have the following changed (increased/decreased) and what is the percent of change for your company, in real terms (i.e., after allowing for inflation):
Sales
154
51
2
600
36.026
59.561
2
3
5
6
7
8
10
12
15
16
17
20
25
29
30
33
35
40
50
57
60
70
80
90
100
150
240
300
600
Sysmiss
Over the last 36 months how have the following changed (increased/decreased) and what is the percent of change for your company, in real terms (i.e., after allowing for inflation):
Exports
41
164
5
600
53.293
100.588
5
6
7
10
15
20
25
30
40
50
60
100
140
300
600
Sysmiss
Over the last 36 months how have the following changed (increased/decreased) and what is the percent of change for your company, in real terms (i.e., after allowing for inflation):
Fixed assets (e.g., land, buildings, machinery and equipment)
110
95
3
300
45.264
55.506
3
5
10
11
15
16
20
30
40
48
50
60
80
90
100
200
250
300
Sysmiss
Over the last 36 months how have the following changed (increased/decreased) and what is the percent of change for your company, in real terms (i.e., after allowing for inflation):
Material inputs
160
45
2
600
32.625
58.414
2
3
5
7
8
9
10
15
20
22
25
30
31
35
40
45
46
50
55
60
62
70
80
90
100
300
600
Sysmiss
Over the last 36 months has your firm merged with or acquired another firm or sold one or more of its existing establishments?
Merged with another firm
203
2
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
Over the last 36 months has your firm merged with or acquired another firm or sold one or more of its existing establishments?
Acquired another firm
202
3
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
Over the last 36 months has your firm merged with or acquired another firm or sold one or more of its existing establishments?
Sold one or more of your firm’s existing establishments
202
3
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
For classification purposes and for 2004, please could you tell me:
The estimate of your firm’s total sales
INTERVIEWER: OBTAIN THE ABOVE VALUES IN ONE OF THE TWO CURRENCIES (I.E EITHER LOCAL OR IN USDs).
180
25
12
61423
3406.139
8082.111
For classification purposes and for 2004, please could you tell me:
The estimate of the replacement value of the physical production assets owned and used by your firm (land, buildings, equipment)
INTERVIEWER: OBTAIN THE ABOVE VALUES IN ONE OF THE TWO CURRENCIES (I.E EITHER LOCAL OR IN USDs).
164
41
4
37453
2172.311
5771.513
For classification purposes and for 2004, please could you tell me:
The estimate of the total operating costs (material inputs bought in components/services, labour costs, energy, fuel, repairs, depreciation & administration expenses etc.)
INTERVIEWER: OBTAIN THE ABOVE VALUES IN ONE OF THE TWO CURRENCIES (I.E EITHER LOCAL OR IN USDs).
177
28
10
56212
3090.119
7435.981
For classification purposes and for 2004, please could you tell me:
Of which the estimate of the material input costs and bought in components/services corresponding to your firm’s total sales
INTERVIEWER: OBTAIN THE ABOVE VALUES IN ONE OF THE TWO CURRENCIES (I.E EITHER LOCAL OR IN USDs).
163
42
2
43590
1744.08
4864.048
For classification purposes and for 2004, please could you tell me:
Of which the estimate of your total cost of labour (permanent and part-time employees) wages, salaries, and benefits
INTERVIEWER: OBTAIN THE ABOVE VALUES IN ONE OF THE TWO CURRENCIES (I.E EITHER LOCAL OR IN USDs).
168
37
6
6945
469.935
1003.236
For classification purposes and for 2004, please could you tell me:
Of which the estimate of your total energy and fuel costs
INTERVIEWER: OBTAIN THE ABOVE VALUES IN ONE OF THE TWO CURRENCIES (I.E EITHER LOCAL OR IN USDs).
157
48
1
2155
133.376
299.869
Could you please tell me how much did your firm spend in 2004 on each of the following:
New buildings, machinery and equipment
INTERVIEWER: OBTAIN THE ABOVE VALUES IN ONE OF THE TWO CURRENCIES (I.E EITHER LOCAL OR IN USDs).
147
58
4494
115.633
398.533
Could you please tell me how much did your firm spend in 2004 on each of the following:
Research and development (including wages and salaries of R&D personnel, R&D materials, R&D related education and R&D training costs)
INTERVIEWER: OBTAIN THE ABOVE VALUES IN ONE OF THE TWO CURRENCIES (I.E EITHER LOCAL OR IN USDs).
147
58
250
14.599
45.279
Could you please tell me how much did your firm spend in 2004 on each of the following:
Advertising and marketing (including wages and salaries for in-house advertising & marketing personnel)
INTERVIEWER: OBTAIN THE ABOVE VALUES IN ONE OF THE TWO CURRENCIES (I.E EITHER LOCAL OR IN USDs).
144
61
850
35.486
96.289
What percentage of your total profits in 2003 were invested in the firm in 2004?
INTERVIEWERS IF THE RESPONDENT DID NOT INVEST ANY OF THE PROFITS WRITE 000
156
49
100
68.564
40.316
2
4
5
10
15
20
25
30
40
41
43
50
60
65
70
78
80
90
91
100
Sysmiss
What percentage of your total profits in 2003 were invested in the firm in 2004?
INTERVIEWERS IF THE RESPONDENT DID NOT INVEST ANY OF THE PROFITS WRITE 000
46
159
1
No profit in 2003
Sysmiss
Has your company undertaken any of the following initiatives over the last 36 months?
Developed successfully a major new product line/service
205
1
Yes
2
No
Has your company undertaken any of the following initiatives over the last 36 months?
Upgraded an existing product line/service
205
1
Yes
2
No
Has your company undertaken any of the following initiatives over the last 36 months?
Discontinued at least one product (not production) line/service
205
1
Yes
2
No
Has your company undertaken any of the following initiatives over the last 36 months?
Agreed to a new joint venture with foreign partner
205
1
Yes
2
No
Has your company undertaken any of the following initiatives over the last 36 months?
Obtained a new product licensing agreement
205
1
Yes
2
No
Has your company undertaken any of the following initiatives over the last 36 months?
Outsourced a major production activity/service that was previously conducted in-house
205
1
Yes
2
No
Has your company undertaken any of the following initiatives over the last 36 months?
Brought in-house of a major production activity/service that was previously outsourced
205
1
Yes
2
No
Has your company undertaken any of the following initiatives over the last 36 months?
Obtained a new quality accreditation (ISO 9000, 9002 or 14,000, AGCCP, etc)
205
1
Yes
2
No
1) INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
2) INTERVIEWER: FOR EACH INITIATIVE ANSWERED “YES” ASK:
And how important in retrospect was this initiative for the survival and/or growth of your company over that period?
Developed successfully a major new product line/service
88
117
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
1) INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
2) INTERVIEWER: FOR EACH INITIATIVE ANSWERED "YES" ASK:
And how important in retrospect was this initiative for the survival and/or growth of your company over that period?
Upgraded an existing product line/service
91
114
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
1) INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
2) INTERVIEWER: FOR EACH INITIATIVE ANSWERED "YES" ASK:
And how important in retrospect was this initiative for the survival and/or growth of your company over that period?
Discontinued at least one product (not production) line/service
59
146
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
1) INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
2) INTERVIEWER: FOR EACH INITIATIVE ANSWERED "YES" ASK:
And how important in retrospect was this initiative for the survival and/or growth of your company over that period?
Agreed to a new joint venture with foreign partner
5
200
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
1) INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
2) INTERVIEWER: FOR EACH INITIATIVE ANSWERED "YES" ASK:
And how important in retrospect was this initiative for the survival and/or growth of your company over that period?
Obtained a new product licensing agreement
38
167
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
1) INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
2) INTERVIEWER: FOR EACH INITIATIVE ANSWERED "YES" ASK:
And how important in retrospect was this initiative for the survival and/or growth of your company over that period?
Outsourced a major production activity/service that was previously conducted in-house
18
187
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
1) INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
2) INTERVIEWER: FOR EACH INITIATIVE ANSWERED "YES" ASK:
And how important in retrospect was this initiative for the survival and/or growth of your company over that period?
Brought in-house of a major production activity/service that was previously outsourced
11
194
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
1) INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
Extremely important
2) INTERVIEWER: FOR EACH INITIATIVE ANSWERED "YES" ASK:
And how important in retrospect was this initiative for the survival and/or growth of your company over that period?
Obtained a new quality accreditation (ISO 9000, 9002 or 14,000, AGCCP, etc)
29
176
1
Not important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Extremely important
6
Don’t know
Sysmiss
Has your firm acquired new production technology over the last 36 months?
If answer is Yes then GO TO Q.61b
If answer is No or Don't know then GO TO Q.62
201
4
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD - ONE ANSWER ONLY
CARD - Q.61b
Embodied in new machinery and equipment
Hired key personnel/consultants with the technological expertise
New license or turnkey operations from international sources
New licensing or turnkey operation from domestic sources
Developed or adapted with the firm
Transferred from the parent company
Developed in cooperation with customers
Developed in cooperation with suppliers
Obtained from a business or industry association
Obtained from universities or public institutions
What was the most important way your firm acquired this new technology, choosing from the list below?
57
148
1
Embodied in new machinery and equipment
2
Hired key personnel/consultants with the technological expertise
3
New license or turnkey operations from international sources
4
New licensing or turnkey operations from domestic sources
5
Developed or adapted within the firm
6
Transferred from the parent company
7
Developed in cooperation with customers
8
Developed in cooperation with suppliers
9
Obtained from a business or industry association
10
Obtained from universities or public institutions
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD - ONE ANSWER ONLY
My firm is organised in much the same way as it was 36 months ago
My firm has had some reallocation of responsibility & resources between departments
My firm has had major reallocations of responsibility & resources between departments
My firm has had a completely new organisational structure
Which of the following best describes the organisation of departments (in terms of the allocation of responsibilities, budgetary resources and staff) within your firm over the last 36 months?
201
4
1
My firm is organised in much the same way as it was 36 months ago
2
My firm has had some reallocation of responsibility and resources between departments
3
My firm has had major reallocations of responsibility and resources between
4
My firm has had a completely new organisational structure
5
Don’t know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not at all important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
How would you rate the importance of each of the following factors on key decisions about your business with respect to “Developing new products or services and markets”:
Pressure from domestic competitors
204
1
1
Not at all important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Don't know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not at all important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
How would you rate the importance of each of the following factors on key decisions about your business with respect to "Developing new products or services and markets":
Pressure from foreign competitors
195
10
1
Not at all important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Don't know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not at all important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
How would you rate the importance of each of the following factors on key decisions about your business with respect to "Developing new products or services and markets":
Pressure from customers
202
3
1
Not at all important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Don't know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not at all important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
How would you rate the importance of each of the following factors on key decisions about your business with respect to “Reducing the production costs of existing products or services”:
Pressure from domestic competitors
198
7
1
Not at all important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Don't know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not at all important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
How would you rate the importance of each of the following factors on key decisions about your business with respect to "Reducing the production costs of existing products or services":
Pressure from foreign competitors
188
17
1
Not at all important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Don't know
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD
Not at all important
Slightly important
Fairly important
Very important
How would you rate the importance of each of the following factors on key decisions about your business with respect to "Reducing the production costs of existing products or services":
Pressure from customers
198
7
1
Not at all important
2
Slightly important
3
Fairly important
4
Very important
5
Don't know
Sysmiss
Current capacity of utilisation
Current capacity of utilisation
Current capacity of utilisation
Current capacity of utilisation
Current capacity of utilisation
In your judgement, what is your firm’s current output in comparison with the maximum output possible
using its facilities/man power at the time? If you are using the facilities/man power to the full, answer
100%; if output was 60% of capacity, answer 60%. What was the capacity utilisation 36 months ago?
205
20
100
83.937
17.382
20
33
45
50
60
65
70
75
80
83
85
90
92
95
97
100
Capacity utilisation 36 months ago
Capacity utilisation 36 months ago
Capacity utilisation 36 months ago
Capacity utilisation 36 months ago
Capacity utilisation 36 months ago
In your judgement, what is your firm’s current output in comparison with the maximum output possible using its facilities/man power at the time? If you are using the facilities/man power to the full, answer 100%; if output was 60% of capacity, answer 60%. What was the capacity utilisation 36 months ago?
201
4
10
100
81.06
20.166
10
20
33
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
83
85
90
94
95
98
100
Sysmiss
How many hours per week does this establishment operate now and how many did it operate 36 months ago?
Now
182
23
8
168
50.044
31.568
8
20
25
30
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
45
50
56
60
70
80
84
87
90
94
120
150
160
168
Sysmiss
How many hours per week does this establishment operate now and how many did it operate 36 months ago?
36 months ago
179
26
8
168
48.726
28.997
I WOULD NOW LIKE TO ASK YOU SOME QUESTIONS ABOUT THE EMPLOYEES OF YOUR FIRM
How many permanent, full-time employees does your firm have now and how many did it have 36 months ago? (give an estimate number).
Now
205
2
1300
79.62
156.681
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
18
19
20
22
23
24
25
27
28
29
30
31
35
36
37
39
40
42
43
44
45
46
49
50
53
60
62
65
68
70
74
80
87
90
96
98
100
102
115
120
140
142
147
155
180
200
202
215
220
230
240
245
250
280
300
320
321
326
349
357
360
400
450
630
700
720
800
1300
How many permanent, full-time employees does your firm have now and how many did it have 36 months ago? (give an estimate number).
36 months ago
196
9
1
1400
73.546
158.279
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
24
25
26
27
30
31
32
33
35
36
38
40
42
45
46
47
50
60
62
70
73
75
79
80
85
89
90
94
98
100
102
110
115
120
130
132
140
144
150
180
200
230
240
270
309
310
320
350
400
430
460
500
535
550
700
750
1400
Sysmiss
How many part-time or temporary employees does your firm have now and how many did it have 36 months ago? (give an estimate number)
Now
INTERVIEWER: IF IN ANY OF THE YEARS THE RESPONDENT SAID NO PART-TIME – WRITE 00000 WHERE APPLICABLE
205
50
4.249
8.083
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
13
14
15
20
22
24
29
30
34
40
50
How many part-time or temporary employees does your firm have now and how many did it have 36 months ago? (give an estimate number)
36 months ago
INTERVIEWER: IF IN ANY OF THE YEARS THE RESPONDENT SAID NO PART-TIME – WRITE 00000 WHERE APPLICABLE
205
70
3.688
7.959
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
11
15
20
25
29
30
40
70
Managers Now
Managers Now
Managers Now
Managers Now
Managers Now
What percentage of your current permanent, full-time workers are managers, professionals, skilled workers, unskilled workers or non-production workers? What was the percentage 36 months ago?
Managers (excluding those involve in shop floor supervision)
202
3
100
17.386
16.774
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
19
20
22
25
26
28
30
33
35
36
40
43
50
60
100
Sysmiss
Professionals Now
Professionals Now
Professionals Now
Professionals Now
Professionals Now
What percentage of your current permanent, full-time workers are managers, professionals, skilled workers, unskilled workers or non-production workers? What was the percentage 36 months ago?
Professionals (e.g., accountants, engineers, scientists)
202
3
100
18.733
22.162
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
20
22
25
27
30
32
33
34
35
36
40
41
50
51
54
55
60
75
78
80
83
86
87
91
97
100
Sysmiss
Skilled workers Now
Skilled workers Now
Skilled workers Now
Skilled workers Now
Skilled workers Now
What percentage of your current permanent, full-time workers are managers, professionals, skilled workers, unskilled workers or non-production workers? What was the percentage 36 months ago?
Skilled workers
202
3
96
43.134
31.718
4
5
8
9
10
12
14
15
16
20
25
28
29
30
33
34
37
38
40
43
44
47
48
49
50
52
53
54
57
58
59
60
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
92
93
94
96
Sysmiss
Unskilled workers Now
Unskilled workers Now
Unskilled workers Now
Unskilled workers Now
Unskilled workers Now
What percentage of your current permanent, full-time workers are managers, professionals, skilled workers, unskilled workers or non-production workers? What was the percentage 36 months ago?
Unskilled workers
202
3
100
10.465
19.196
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
20
25
29
30
33
36
38
39
40
42
50
53
56
60
67
68
70
74
79
85
100
Sysmiss
Non-production workers Now
Non-production workers Now
Non-production workers Now
Non-production workers Now
Non-production workers Now
What percentage of your current permanent, full-time workers are managers, professionals, skilled workers, unskilled workers or non-production workers? What was the percentage 36 months ago?
Non-production workers (e.g., administration, sales)
202
3
90
10.282
18.451
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
20
21
25
28
30
32
33
34
40
45
50
60
69
70
71
80
83
90
Sysmiss
Managers 36 months ago
Managers 36 months ago
Managers 36 months ago
Managers 36 months ago
Managers 36 months ago
What percentage of your current permanent, full-time workers are managers, professionals, skilled workers, unskilled workers or non-production workers? What was the percentage 36 months ago?
Managers (excluding those involve in shop floor supervision)
187
18
100
19.84
21.206
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
22
25
26
30
33
40
50
60
100
Sysmiss
Professionals 36 months ago
Professionals 36 months ago
Professionals 36 months ago
Professionals 36 months ago
Professionals 36 months ago
What percentage of your current permanent, full-time workers are managers, professionals, skilled workers, unskilled workers or non-production workers? What was the percentage 36 months ago?
Professionals (e.g., accountants, engineers, scientists)
187
18
100
18.84
23.836
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
20
22
25
27
30
33
34
36
40
50
52
53
60
65
70
74
75
78
80
85
86
92
95
100
Sysmiss
Skilled workers 36 months ago
Skilled workers 36 months ago
Skilled workers 36 months ago
Skilled workers 36 months ago
Skilled workers 36 months ago
What percentage of your current permanent, full-time workers are managers, professionals, skilled workers, unskilled workers or non-production workers? What was the percentage 36 months ago?
Skilled workers
187
18
95
43.626
32.156
3
4
6
7
8
10
15
16
17
20
23
25
28
30
33
34
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
48
50
51
52
55
56
58
59
60
61
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
72
73
75
76
77
79
80
81
82
84
85
86
87
88
90
91
92
93
94
95
Sysmiss
Unskilled workers 36 months ago
Unskilled workers 36 months ago
Unskilled workers 36 months ago
Unskilled workers 36 months ago
Unskilled workers 36 months ago
What percentage of your current permanent, full-time workers are managers, professionals, skilled workers, unskilled workers or non-production workers? What was the percentage 36 months ago?
Unskilled workers
187
18
90
9.449
17.553
1
2
3
4
5
6
9
10
13
14
15
16
17
20
22
23
24
25
26
28
30
31
33
36
39
42
50
57
60
70
74
80
86
90
Sysmiss
Non-production workers 36 months ago
Non-production workers 36 months ago
Non-production workers 36 months ago
Non-production workers 36 months ago
Non-production workers 36 months ago
What percentage of your current permanent, full-time workers are managers, professionals, skilled workers, unskilled workers or non-production workers? What was the percentage 36 months ago?
Non-production workers (e.g., administration, sales)
187
18
84
8.246
16.106
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
19
21
25
27
28
30
32
33
40
50
70
71
75
82
84
Sysmiss
Primary school Now
Primary school Now
Primary school Now
Primary school Now
Primary school Now
What percentage of the workforce at your firm has education levels up to primary school, a vocational qualification, a secondary school qualification or some university education? What was the percentage in 36 months ago?
Up to primary school
201
4
70
5.104
12.086
1
2
3
4
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
17
18
20
24
25
27
28
30
31
32
40
43
47
50
60
68
70
Sysmiss
Vocational qualification Now
Vocational qualification Now
Vocational qualification Now
Vocational qualification Now
Vocational qualification Now
What percentage of the workforce at your firm has education levels up to primary school, a vocational qualification, a secondary school qualification or some university education? What was the percentage in 36 months ago?
Vocational qualification
201
4
100
30.766
26.999
1
2
5
6
7
8
10
12
13
14
15
16
18
20
21
22
24
25
27
30
33
34
35
36
40
41
42
43
44
45
47
48
50
53
55
57
60
62
65
67
70
71
75
78
80
83
85
86
90
93
95
100
Sysmiss
Secondary school qualification Now
Secondary school qualification Now
Secondary school qualification Now
Secondary school qualification Now
Secondary school qualification Now
What percentage of the workforce at your firm has education levels up to primary school, a vocational qualification, a secondary school qualification or some university education? What was the percentage in 36 months ago?
Secondary school qualification
201
4
100
32.811
29.35
1
3
5
10
11
12
13
15
16
17
20
22
24
25
27
29
30
33
35
37
38
39
40
41
43
44
45
46
48
49
50
51
52
55
56
58
60
62
65
67
68
70
72
73
79
80
82
84
85
87
90
92
96
100
Sysmiss
Some university education or higher Now
Some university education or higher Now
Some university education or higher Now
Some university education or higher Now
Some university education or higher Now
What percentage of the workforce at your firm has education levels up to primary school, a vocational qualification, a secondary school qualification or some university education? What was the percentage in 36 months ago?
Some university education or higher
201
4
100
31.318
30.108
3
4
5
7
8
10
11
12
13
14
15
17
18
19
20
21
22
24
25
27
29
30
33
34
36
40
43
45
46
49
50
56
57
60
67
70
75
78
80
81
85
90
95
98
100
Sysmiss
Primary school 36 months ago
Primary school 36 months ago
Primary school 36 months ago
Primary school 36 months ago
Primary school 36 months ago
What percentage of the workforce at your firm has education levels up to primary school, a vocational qualification, a secondary school qualification or some university education? What was the percentage in 36 months ago?
Up to primary school
183
22
64
4.59
11.035
1
2
3
4
9
10
11
12
15
16
17
20
21
25
28
30
31
32
40
44
47
60
64
Sysmiss
Vocational qualification 36 month ago
Vocational qualification 36 month ago
Vocational qualification 36 month ago
Vocational qualification 36 month ago
Vocational qualification 36 month ago
What percentage of the workforce at your firm has education levels up to primary school, a vocational qualification, a secondary school qualification or some university education? What was the percentage in 36 months ago?
Vocational qualification
183
22
100
31.776
27.62
1
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
13
14
15
16
18
19
20
21
22
24
25
27
29
30
31
33
34
35
36
37
40
41
42
43
44
45
48
50
53
57
60
62
64
66
67
69
70
71
75
78
80
83
90
92
93
95
100
Sysmiss
Secondary school qualification 36 months ago
Secondary school qualification 36 months ago
Secondary school qualification 36 months ago
Secondary school qualification 36 months ago
Secondary school qualification 36 months ago
What percentage of the workforce at your firm has education levels up to primary school, a vocational qualification, a secondary school qualification or some university education? What was the percentage in 36 months ago?
Secondary school qualification
183
22
100
30.934
28.793
1
2
3
6
7
9
10
11
13
15
17
20
22
24
25
29
30
32
33
34
35
37
38
39
40
42
44
45
46
48
50
51
52
55
56
58
60
62
64
66
67
70
72
73
80
82
84
85
86
90
93
99
100
Sysmiss
Some university education or higher 36 months ago
Some university education or higher 36 months ago
Some university education or higher 36 months ago
Some university education or higher 36 months ago
Some university education or higher 36 months ago
What percentage of the workforce at your firm has education levels up to primary school, a vocational qualification, a secondary school qualification or some university education? What was the percentage in 36 months ago?
Some university education or higher
183
22
100
32.699
30.283
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
22
25
27
28
29
30
32
33
34
35
36
40
45
46
50
56
58
60
67
70
75
80
90
93
95
96
97
100
Sysmiss
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
How much time did it take to fill your most recent vacancy for a:
Manager (excluding those involve in shop floor supervision)?
55
150
1
48
6.091
8.061
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
15
40
48
Sysmiss
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
How much time did it take to fill your most recent vacancy for a:
Professional (e.g., accountants, engineers, scientists)?
77
128
1
24
4.182
3.72
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
12
13
24
Sysmiss
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
How much time did it take to fill your most recent vacancy for a:
Skilled worker?
106
99
1
24
4.387
4.616
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
10
12
20
24
Sysmiss
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
How much time did it take to fill your most recent vacancy for a:
Unskilled worker?
42
163
1
20
2.167
3.363
1
2
3
4
12
20
Sysmiss
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
Weeks to fill vacancy
How much time did it take to fill your most recent vacancy for a:
Non-production worker (e.g., administration, sales)?
46
159
1
14
2.717
2.306
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
14
Sysmiss
Does your firm offer formal training to your employees?
Skilled workers
INTERVIEWER: IF FIRM OFFERS FORMAL TRAINING TO AN EMPLOYEE CATEGORY BUT NO TRAINING WAS PROVIDED OVER THE LAST 12 MONTHS – WRITE 000
151
54
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
Does your firm offer formal training to your employees?
Unskilled workers
INTERVIEWER: IF FIRM OFFERS FORMAL TRAINING TO AN EMPLOYEE CATEGORY BUT NO TRAINING WAS PROVIDED OVER THE LAST 12 MONTHS - WRITE 000
77
128
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
Does your firm offer formal training to your employees?
Non-production workers
INTERVIEWER: IF FIRM OFFERS FORMAL TRAINING TO AN EMPLOYEE CATEGORY BUT NO TRAINING WAS PROVIDED OVER THE LAST 12 MONTHS - WRITE 000
104
101
1
Yes
2
No
3
Don't Know
Sysmiss
% Trained
% Trained
% Trained
% Trained
% Trained
Does your firm offer formal training to your employees? If yes, what percent of employees in each category received training over the last 12 months?
Skilled workers
INTERVIEWER: IF FIRM OFFERS FORMAL TRAINING TO AN EMPLOYEE CATEGORY BUT NO TRAINING WAS PROVIDED OVER THE LAST 12 MONTHS - WRITE 000
139
66
100
19.446
30.844
5
7
10
15
20
25
30
40
42
44
50
60
70
80
90
100
Sysmiss
% Trained
% Trained
% Trained
% Trained
% Trained
Does your firm offer formal training to your employees? If yes, what percent of employees in each category received training over the last 12 months?
Unskilled workers
INTERVIEWER: IF FIRM OFFERS FORMAL TRAINING TO AN EMPLOYEE CATEGORY BUT NO TRAINING WAS PROVIDED OVER THE LAST 12 MONTHS - WRITE 000
72
133
100
4.514
17.425
10
25
30
70
80
100
Sysmiss
% Trained
% Trained
% Trained
% Trained
% Trained
Does your firm offer formal training to your employees? If yes, what percent of employees in each category received training over the last 12 months?
Non-production workers
INTERVIEWER: IF FIRM OFFERS FORMAL TRAINING TO AN EMPLOYEE CATEGORY BUT NO TRAINING WAS PROVIDED OVER THE LAST 12 MONTHS - WRITE 000
41
164
5
100
47.61
33.307
5
9
10
20
25
30
33
50
67
70
75
80
93
100
Sysmiss
How many working days did your firm lose over the last 12 months due to:
Strikes or other labour disputes?
INTERVIEWER: IF NO DAYS LOST – WRITE 000, WHERE APPLICABLE
205
How many working days did your firm lose over the last 12 months due to:
Civil unrest?
INTERVIEWER: IF NO DAYS LOST – WRITE 000, WHERE APPLICABLE
205
Now, I would like to ask you a hypothetical question. If you could change the number of regular full-time workers your firm currently employs without any restrictions (i.e. without seeking permission, making severance payments etc.), what would be your optimal level of employment as a percent of your existing workforce? (e.g., 90% implies you would reduce your workforce by 10%, 110% means you want to expand by 10%)
201
4
50
300
108.766
25.974
50
60
75
80
85
88
90
95
98
99
100
101
105
110
115
120
125
130
133
140
150
160
170
200
300
Sysmiss
If you can recall, did we interview you personally in the previous BEEPS survey, which we conducted in 2002?
INTERVIEWER THANK RESPONDENT:
Thank you very much for having taken the time to complete this questionnaire. The information on your perceptions is a very important input for the evaluation of conditions in the business environment and private sector relations with government, as well as for the formulation of policy advice.
62
143
1
Yes
2
No
Sysmiss
INTERVIEWER: READ TO THE RESPONDENT:
WE MAY REPEAT THIS SURVEY IN ABOUT 2-3 YEARS TIME IN ORDER TO SEE HOW THE BUSINESS ENVIRONEMENT HAS CHANGED. TO THIS END, WE WOULD LIKE TO ESTABLISH A PANEL OF COMPANIES AND WOULD ASK FOR YOUR PERMISSION TO INCLUDE YOUR COMPANY’S NAME, ADDRESS, AND TELEPHONE NUMBER IN A COFIDENTIAL DATABASE. THIS INFORMATION MAY BE USED BY OUR COMPANY OR A DIFFERENT RESEARCH AGENCY IN ORDER TO INTERVIEW YOU AGAIN IN 2-3 YEARS TIME. DO WE HAVE YOUR PERMISSION TO INCLUDE THE ABOVE-MENTIONED COMPANY DETAILS IN OUR DATABASE?
205
1
Permission granted
2
Permission refused