WLD_2013_LTIMS_v01_M
DDI_WLD_2013_LTIMS_v02_M_WB
Development Economics Data Group
2018-05-10
Nesstar Publisher
DDI Document - Version 02 - (05/24/21)
This version is identical to DDI_WLD_2013_LTIMS_v01_M_WB but country field has been updated to capture all the countries covered by survey.
Version 01 (May 2018)
Long-Term Impacts of Migration Survey 2013-14
LTIMS 2013-2014
WLD_2013_LTIMS_v01_M
David McKenzie
John Gibson
Halahingano Rohorua
Steven Stillman
Nesstar Publisher
Marsden Fund
World Bank Research Support Budget
UOW1101
David McKenzie
David McKenzie
Other Household Survey
These data consist of a long-term follow-up of applicants to a migration visa lottery. Tongan households were surveyed as migrants in New Zealand, or non-migrants in Tonga. It was used to examine the long-term impacts of international migration by comparing immigrants who had successful ballot entries in a migration lottery program, and first moved almost a decade ago, with people who had unsuccessful entries into those same ballots. It was additionally used to study how migrating from a poor country to a rich country affects economic beliefs, preference parameters, and household decision-making efficiency. In a ten-year follow-up survey of applicants to a migration lottery program we elicit risk and time preferences and pro-market beliefs for the migrants and the unsuccessful applicants. The successful and the unsuccessful applicants are each linked to closest relative households, who would stay in the home country if the applicant moved, to play lab-in-the-field games that measure intra-family trust and the efficiency of intra-family decision-making.
New Zealand
Tonga
The survey covers Tongans who applied to the 2002-05 Pacific Access Category migration visa program, along with linked households of their family members. This involved surveying in both New Zealand and Tonga (along with a small number of surveys of movers to third countries).
Data are collected at both the individual and household level
Sample survey data [ssd]
Our population of interest consists of entrants to the 2002 to 2005 PAC migration lotteries. There were a total of 4,696 principal applicants of whom 367 were randomly selected as ballot winners (figure 2). Official records provided by the New Zealand immigration authorities in late 2012 show that 307 of these winners (84%) had residency applications approved and had ever migrated to New Zealand. The remaining 60 ballot winners did not migrate and are thus non-compliers to the treatment of migration.
Our main survey involved an extensive face-to-face interview, which also collected anthropometrics, blood pressure, peak lung flow, and included lab-in-the-field games. Of the 307 principal applicants ever migrating to New Zealand, 133 completed the full survey between late 2013 and the end of 2014. In order to bolster our sample size, in early 2015 we fielded a shortened survey that did not include health measurements or the lab-in-field games. This was mainly done as a telephone interview and was designed to reach those who had on-migrated beyond New Zealand or were located in parts of New Zealand that were impractical for face-to-face interviewing, although we also learned, through snowball effects, of more migrants in our face-to-face survey area and gave them the short survey as well. Overall, 61 additional ballot winners who had ever migrated to New Zealand were given the short survey, including 11 who had now on-migrated to Australia (ten) and the UK (one). In total, we were able to survey 194 households with principal applicants who ever migrated to New Zealand after winning the ballot.
We had even less information available for the ballot losers and non-compliers since these individuals had not filled out residency applications. We therefore used the same surveying approach for these groups as we had in our previous survey, which was to sample from the same villages in Tonga from which our migrants originated. Out of 4329 ballot losers, 143 were administered the long form survey and 39 the short survey (of which nine had subsequently moved to New Zealand through alternative pathways, including by winning a later round of the PAC lottery). Finances limited us to this relatively small sample, but, based on our previous research, we judged that it would give us enough power to measure economically significant impacts. An advantage of surveying from the same origin villages is that we can implicitly control for any unobserved characteristics that vary spatially in Tonga. Finally, we have a small sample of nine non-compliers; six who received the long survey and three the short survey. This is out of a population of 60 non-compliers, which hence made it difficult to find many individuals in this group.
Face-to-face [f2f]
Four separate questionnaires were administered:
- a survey for migrant households in New Zealand
- a survey for non-migrant households in Tonga
- a survey of linked partner households
- a short survey
See research papers for more detail
In our main results, we weight the ballot winner sample to reflect the population proportions of ever migrating to New Zealand versus non-compliers. This is necessary because we effectively have a choice based sample, although our previous research suggests that there is no selection among the non-compliers, and, hence, they can effectively be excluded from the sample (McKenzie et al. 2010). We also examine robustness, using two other weighting schemes. The first uses a snapshot of data from late 2012 on crossborder movements coming from passport scans, which revealed that 265 of the 307 ever-migrating ballot winners were in New Zealand at that point in time. This set of weights allows for the possibility that we found it harder to track individuals who had left New Zealand and so puts more weight on the ballot winners in our survey who were found outside New Zealand. The second alternative weighting scheme allows for the possibility that on-movement among the ballot losers is higher than our sample suggests.
Replication code (Stata do files) and data are available for download for the two research papers:
The Long-Term Impact of International Migration on Economic Decision-Making:Evidence from a Migration Lottery and Lab-in-the-Field Experiments
The Long-Term Impacts of International Migration: Evidence from a Lottery
Go to 'Get Microdata' > WLD_2013_LTIMS_v01_M_ReplicationFiles.zip
Data have been anonymized by removing all identifying information
Gibson, John, David McKenzie, Halahingano Rohorua and Steven Stillman (2018) “The long-term impacts of international migration: Evidence from a lottery”, World Bank Economic Review 32(1): 127-47. Ref: WLD_2013_LTIMS_v01_M. Downloaded from [url] on [date].
labelled_short_survey.NSDstat
Short Survey Instrument Data
103
94
Nesstar 200801
S0_FRONT_COVER.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Applicant Households
150
25
Nesstar 200801
S1_HOUSEHOLD_ROSTER.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Applicant Households
726
13
Nesstar 200801
S2A_HEALTH.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Applicant Households
689
9
Nesstar 200801
S2B_MENTAL_HEALTH.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Applicant Households
427
7
Nesstar 200801
S2C_ANTHROPOMETRICS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Applicant Households
722
17
Nesstar 200801
S3_DIET_FOOD.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Applicant Households
150
57
Nesstar 200801
S4_DURABLES_FINANCIALS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Applicant Households
150
49
Nesstar 200801
S5A_INWARD_TRANSFERS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Applicant Households
433
14
Nesstar 200801
S5B_OUTWARD_TRANSFERS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Applicant Households
26
14
Nesstar 200801
S6_HOUSEHOLD_EXPENDITURE.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Applicant Households
150
23
Nesstar 200801
S7_HOUSEHOLD_INCOME.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Applicant Households
150
86
Nesstar 200801
S8_PA_PERSONAL_DETAILS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Applicant Households
150
34
Nesstar 200801
S9_FINANCIAL_DECISIONS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Applicant Households
150
9
Nesstar 200801
S10_HOUSEHOLD_DECISIONS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Applicant Households
150
16
Nesstar 200801
S11_BACK_COVER.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Applicant Households
150
21
Nesstar 200801
mig_n45_backcover.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Migrant Households
45
21
Nesstar 200801
S0_FRONT_COVER.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Migrant Households
133
19
Nesstar 200801
S1_HOUSEHOLD_ROSTER.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Migrant Households
546
13
Nesstar 200801
S2A_HEALTH.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Migrant Households
520
9
Nesstar 200801
S2B_MENTAL_HEALTH.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Migrant Households
318
7
Nesstar 200801
S2C_ANTHROPOMETRICS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Migrant Households
545
17
Nesstar 200801
S3_DIET_FOOD.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Migrant Households
133
57
Nesstar 200801
S4_DURABLES_FINANCIALS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Migrant Households
133
45
Nesstar 200801
S5A_OUTWARD_TRANSFERS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Migrant Households
546
14
Nesstar 200801
S5B_INWARD_TRANSFERS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Migrant Households
61
14
Nesstar 200801
S6_HOUSEHOLD_EXPENDITURE_IN.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Migrant Households
133
23
Nesstar 200801
S7_CHANNELS_INCOME_ADEQUACY.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Migrant Households
133
49
Nesstar 200801
S8_PA_PERSONAL_DETAILS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Migrant Households
133
34
Nesstar 200801
S9_FINANCIAL_DECISIONS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Migrant Households
133
9
Nesstar 200801
S10_HOUSEHOLD_DECISIONS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Migrant Households
133
16
Nesstar 200801
S11_BACK_COVER.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Migrant Households
133
21
Nesstar 200801
S0_FRONT_COVER.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Partner Households
258
22
Nesstar 200801
S1_HOUSEHOLD_ROSTER.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Partner Households
897
14
Nesstar 200801
S3_DIET_FOOD.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Partner Households
258
57
Nesstar 200801
S3_DWELLING_DURABLES.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Partner Households
258
49
Nesstar 200801
S4A_INWARD_TRANSFERS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Partner Households
872
14
Nesstar 200801
S4B_OUTWARD_TRANSFERS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Partner Households
72
14
Nesstar 200801
S5_HOUSEHOLD_EXPENDITURE.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Partner Households
258
23
Nesstar 200801
S6_HOUSEHOLD_INCOME.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Partner Households
258
86
Nesstar 200801
S7_FINANCIAL_DECISIONS.NSDstat
Surveys fielded to Partner Households
258
9
Nesstar 200801
Department of Labour code
69
34
10326895
37469509
PrevID
34
69
10010057
10040095
Country of residence
103
0
1
5
1
NZ
59
2
Tonga
33
3
Australia
10
4
USA
0
5
Wales
1
Age
103
0
30
56
Male
103
0
0
1
0
40
1
63
Years of schooling in short survey
103
0
5
12
5
1
6
4
7
10
8
22
9
14
10
19
11
30
12
3
Birthplace
103
0
2
5
1
NZ
0
2
Nukualofa
6
3
Rest of Tongatapu
64
4
Outer Islands
32
5
USA
1
Rent_dwelling
103
0
0
1
0
36
1
67
Household Size
103
0
3
12
3
7
4
5
5
13
6
18
7
20
8
14
9
15
10
8
11
2
12
1
Worked in last week
103
0
1
2
1
83
2
20
Earnings for last week, converted into NZD using April 2015 exchange rates
103
0
0
5000
Original currency of last week earnings
83
0
A$
8
NZ$
57
Pound Sterling
1
T$
17
Usual earnings, converted into NZD using April 2015 exchange rates
103
0
0
4900
Original currency for usual earnings
83
0
A$
8
NZ$
57
Pound Sterling
1
T$
17
Household earnings, converted into NZD using April 2015 exchange rates
103
0
0
5000
Original currency for household earnings
102
0
A$
10
NZ$
59
Pound Sterling
1
T$
32
Number of vehicles
103
0
0
3
0
8
1
55
2
37
3
3
Household owns cellphone
103
0
0
1
0
14
1
89
Household owns computer
103
0
0
1
0
32
1
71
Household owns DVD player
103
0
0
1
0
28
1
75
Household owns microwave
103
0
0
1
0
30
1
73
Household owns washing machine
103
0
0
1
0
11
1
92
Income adequacy: s7q4 on long survey
102
1
1
4
1
10
2
55
3
29
4
8
Sysmiss
1
Cantril ladder today: s8q10 on long survey
103
0
5
8
5
32
6
47
7
18
8
6
Cantril ladder in 5 years: s8q11 on long survey
102
1
5
9
5
26
6
40
7
16
8
17
9
3
Sysmiss
1
Changed occupation in last 5 years: s8q8 on long survey
103
0
0
1
0
86
1
17
Previous job occupation: s8q9a on long survey
18
0
Bus driver
1
Sales & Retail
1
Salesperson
1
care giver
3
cleaner
2
customer service
1
designer
1
meat processor
2
packhouse supervisor
1
road worker
1
welder
4
Previous job code
18
85
27
50
New job occupation: s8q9b on long survey
18
0
Church Minister
2
Disabled
1
Early Childhood teacher
1
Own Business - Managing Director
1
caregiver
1
carpenter
1
contruction
2
farm worker
3
instructor -gym
1
linesman
1
nightfill
1
salesperson
1
security guard
1
teacher aide
1
New Job code
18
85
10
61
Mother lives in Tonga
83
20
1
2
1
45
2
38
Sysmiss
20
Father lives in Tonga
78
25
1
2
1
35
2
43
Sysmiss
25
Elder sister lives in Tonga
89
14
1
2
1
75
2
14
Sysmiss
14
Elder brother lives in Tonga
95
8
1
2
1
78
2
17
Sysmiss
8
Anyone you send regular remittances to
89
14
1
2
1
61
2
28
Sysmiss
14
Frequency of communication with close relative
103
0
1
5
1
Daily
13
2
Several per week
5
3
Weekly
20
4
1 or 2 per month
60
5
Less than monthly
5
Know how much relative earns
103
0
0
1
0
101
1
2
Relative knows how much you earn
103
0
0
1
0
101
1
2
Consult relative on financial decisions
103
0
0
1
0
99
1
4
Relative consults you on financial decisions
103
0
0
1
0
37
1
66
Trust relative to return item loaned
103
0
0
1
0
2
1
101
Remittances sent to Tonga in last year (in April 2015 NZD)
103
0
0
16660
Original currency remittances reported in
61
0
A$
6
NZ$
50
Pound Sterling
1
T$
4
Appl_2002
103
0
0
1
0
91
1
12
Appl_2003
103
0
0
1
0
42
1
61
Appl_2004
103
0
0
1
0
41
1
62
Appl_2005
103
0
0
1
0
56
1
47
Appl_2006
103
0
0
1
0
83
1
20
Appl_2007
103
0
0
1
0
93
1
10
Appl_2008
103
0
0
1
0
94
1
9
Appl_2009
103
0
0
1
0
94
1
9
Appl_2010
103
0
0
1
0
94
1
9
Appl_2011
103
0
0
1
0
97
1
6
Appl_2012
103
0
0
1
0
97
1
6
Appl_2013
103
0
0
1
0
95
1
8
Appl_2014
103
0
0
0
0
103
PACwin_2002
103
0
0
1
0
95
1
8
PACwin_2003
103
0
0
1
0
94
1
9
PACwin_2004
103
0
0
1
0
74
1
29
PACwin_2005
103
0
0
1
0
85
1
18
PACwin_2006
103
0
0
1
0
97
1
6
Mig_2003
103
0
0
1
0
95
1
8
Mig_2004
103
0
0
1
0
97
1
6
Mig_2005
103
0
0
1
0
76
1
27
Mig_2006
103
0
0
1
0
77
1
26
Mig_2011
103
0
0
1
0
101
1
2
Mig_2013
103
0
0
1
0
102
1
1
Health complaints in last 6 months
102
1
0
1
0
80
1
22
Sysmiss
1
Currently smoke
103
0
0
1
0
54
1
49
Prefer $1000 today or $900 in one year: s8q12a in long survey
103
0
1
1
1
103
Prefer $1000 today or $1000 in one year: s8q12b in long survey
103
0
1
1
1
103
Prefer $1000 today or $1100 in one year: s8q12c in long survey
103
0
1
2
1
80
2
23
Prefer $1000 today or $1500 in one year: s8q12d in long survey
81
22
1
2
1
34
2
47
Sysmiss
22
Would take risky job
103
0
0
1
0
32
1
71
Willingness to take risks
103
0
3
8
3
1
4
11
5
16
6
20
7
40
8
15
Believe can succeed on your own
103
0
1
2
1
71
2
32
Believe money important to being happy
103
0
1
3
1
31
2
58
3
14
Believe effort has reward
103
0
1
3
1
34
2
68
3
1
Believe other people can be trusted
103
0
1
2
1
88
2
15
Currently a migrant
103
0
0
1
0
33
1
70
Has migrated onto third country
103
0
0
1
0
92
1
11
Years of schooling
103
0
9
16
9
1
10
4
11
10
12
22
13
14
14
49
16
3
Has tertiary education
103
0
0
1
0
51
1
52
Born on outer islands
103
0
0
1
0
71
1
32
Currently employed
103
0
0
1
0
20
1
83
Mother in Tonga
103
0
0
1
0
58
1
45
Father in Tonga
103
0
0
1
0
68
1
35
Sister in Tonga
103
0
0
1
0
28
1
75
Brother in Tonga
103
0
0
1
0
25
1
78
Other Remittance recipient in Tonga
103
0
0
1
0
42
1
61
Year migrated onto third country
103
0
0
2014
Migrated through the PAC
103
0
0
1
0
42
1
61
Won the PAC ballot
103
0
0
1
0
39
1
64
Data collected in the long survey (1=Yes, 0=No)
103
0
0
0
0
103
Household Number
150
0
11012009
42092141
Island and Village Code
150
0
1101
4209
Household Number
150
0
2001
2150
Household been in previous PINZMS?
101
49
1
2
1
1=Yes
60
2
2=No
41
Sysmiss
49
Code Number used:
0
0
PAC Applicant Mother in Household
150
0
1
2
1
1 = Yes
17
2
2 = No
133
PAC Applicant Father in Household
150
0
1
2
1
1 = Yes
7
2
2 = No
143
PAC Applicant Sister in Household
149
1
1
2
1
1 = Yes
2
2
2 = No
147
Sysmiss
1
PAC Applicant Brother in Household
149
1
1
2
1
1 = Yes
1
2
2 = No
148
Sysmiss
1
Relation to PAC Applicant
24
126
1
4
1
1=Mother
15
2
2=Father
5
3
3=Sister
3
4
4=Brother
1
Sysmiss
126
PAC Applicant Mother in Tonga
123
27
1
2
1
1 = Yes
40
2
2 = No
83
Sysmiss
27
PAC Applicant Father in Tonga
116
34
1
2
1
1 = Yes
18
2
2 = No
98
Sysmiss
34
PAC Applicant Sister in Tonga
106
44
1
2
1
1 = Yes
46
2
2 = No
60
Sysmiss
44
PAC Applicant Brother in Tonga
90
60
1
2
1
1 = Yes
40
2
2 = No
50
Sysmiss
60
Relation to PAC Applicant Tonga
126
24
1
4
1
1=Mother
37
2
2=Father
9
3
3=Sister
44
4
4=Brother
36
Sysmiss
24
Partner HHid
124
26
4034
4258
Day
150
0
5
31
Month
150
0
1
11
1
13
2
5
3
1
4
9
5
13
7
34
8
48
9
13
10
10
11
4
Year
150
0
2013
2014
2013
51
2014
99
Day
150
0
1
31
Month
150
0
1
12
1
10
2
3
3
5
4
1
5
9
6
12
8
36
9
8
10
60
11
2
12
4
Year
150
0
2013
2014
2013
51
2014
99
Day
150
0
1
31
Month
150
0
1
13
1
10
2
3
3
5
4
1
5
9
6
12
8
28
9
8
10
66
11
3
12
4
13
1
Year
150
0
2013
2014
2013
51
2014
99
Household Number
726
0
11012009
42092141
Person ID
726
0
1
10
1
150
2
148
3
142
4
118
5
76
6
48
7
24
8
9
9
7
10
4
Q1. Age
726
0
0
83
Q3. Sex
726
0
1
2
1
Male
361
2
Female
365
Q4. Relationship
726
0
1
9
1
Household Head
150
2
Spouse
133
3
Own/Adopted child
399
4
Son/Daughter-in-law
5
5
Parent
18
6
Parent-in-law
4
7
Brother/Sister
4
8
Grandchild
9
9
Other relative
4
10
Non-relative
0
Q5. Education
726
0
0
12
0
0=No schooling
76
1
1=Years 1 to 6 (Primary)
141
2
2=Year 7 (Form 1)
49
3
3=Year 8 (Form 2)
45
4
4=Year 9 (Form 3)
50
5
5=Year 10 (Form 4)
76
6
6=Year 11 (Lower 5)
113
7
7=Year 12 (Upper 6)
69
8
8=Year 13 (Form 7)
27
9
9=Teachers College
27
10
10=Polytechnic
5
11
11=University Degree
14
12
12=Other Qualification
34
Q6. Studying
722
4
1
2
1
Yes
306
2
No
416
Sysmiss
4
Q7. NZ Experience
717
9
1
2
1
Yes
266
2
No
451
Sysmiss
9
Q8. Physical Activity
673
53
0
6
0
81
1
84
2
112
3
22
4
15
5
6
6
353
Sysmiss
53
Q9. Weekly income - past 12 months
358
368
0
410
Q10. Activity
356
370
1
3
1
1=yes
162
2
2=no
187
3
3=temporary work overseas
7
Sysmiss
370
Q11. Employer
162
564
1
4
1
Paid Employee
156
2
Employer
1
3
Self-employed and without employees
4
4
Unpaid family family worker
1
5
Don't know
0
Sysmiss
564
Q12. Total earnings last WEEK
162
564
10
450
Household Number
689
0
11012009
42092141
Person ID
689
0
1
10
1
150
2
148
3
137
4
109
5
70
6
42
7
20
8
6
9
4
10
3
Q1. Self-evaluation of health
687
2
1
3
1
1=very good
29
2
2=good
612
3
3=average
46
4
4=bad
0
5
5=very bad
0
Sysmiss
2
Q2. Any health complaints
683
6
1
2
1
1=yes
72
2
2=no
611
Sysmiss
6
Q3. Smoke?
401
288
1
2
1
1=Yes
108
2
2=No
293
Sysmiss
288
Q4. How many cigarettes
107
582
1
2
1
1=1 to 10
103
2
2=11 to 20
4
3
3=21 to 30
0
4
4=31 to 40
0
5
5=41 to 50
0
6
6=51 to 60
0
7
7=more than 60
0
8
8=don't know
0
Sysmiss
582
Q5. Drink alcohol?
393
296
1
2
1
1=Yes
65
2
2=No
328
Sysmiss
296
Q6. How Frequent?
65
624
1
4
1
1=5 or more days a week
7
2
2=1-4 days a week
26
3
3=1-3 days a month
31
4
4=less than once a month
1
Sysmiss
624
Q7. How many/day?
63
626
1
3
1
1=one or two
17
2
2=three or four
41
3
3=five or six
5
4
4=seven to nine
0
5
5=ten or more
0
Sysmiss
626
Household Number
427
0
11012009
42092141
Person ID
423
4
1
9
1
150
2
144
3
65
4
35
5
16
6
9
7
3
9
1
Sysmiss
4
Q1. Times happy
395
32
1
3
1
1=always
21
2
2=very often
260
3
3=sometimes
114
4
4=almost never
0
5
5=never
0
Sysmiss
32
Q2. Times calm & peaceful
395
32
1
4
1
1=always
7
2
2=very often
210
3
3=sometimes
175
4
4=almost never
3
5
5=never
0
Sysmiss
32
Q3. Times nervous
395
32
1
5
1
1=always
1
2
2=very often
29
3
3=sometimes
262
4
4=almost never
98
5
5=never
5
Sysmiss
32
Q4. Times down-hearted
395
32
2
5
1
1=always
0
2
2=very often
13
3
3=sometimes
108
4
4=almost never
250
5
5=never
24
Sysmiss
32
Q5. Times depressed
395
32
2
5
1
1=always
0
2
2=very often
18
3
3=sometimes
77
4
4=almost never
180
5
5=never
120
Sysmiss
32
Household Number
722
0
11012009
42092141
Person ID
722
0
1
10
1
150
2
148
3
141
4
117
5
76
6
46
7
24
8
9
9
7
10
4
Q1. DOB_day
365
0
01
9
02
17
03
20
04
14
05
31
06
9
07
3
08
7
09
6
1
4
10
21
11
12
12
12
13
16
14
15
15
9
16
6
17
11
18
12
19
10
2
1
20
6
21
9
22
6
23
19
24
7
25
13
26
9
27
13
28
4
29
10
3
2
30
5
31
6
4
2
5
4
6
1
7
2
8
1
9
1
Q1. DOB_month
365
0
01
19
02
28
03
33
04
28
05
31
06
24
07
32
08
25
09
17
1
5
10
30
11
30
12
35
2
5
3
3
4
1
5
1
6
5
7
5
8
5
9
3
Q1. DOB_year
720
0
00
19
01
24
02
35
03
29
04
29
05
18
06
23
07
18
08
14
09
18
10
25
11
14
12
16
13
10
14
1
31
1
35
1
39
2
41
2
42
1
43
1
44
1
45
1
46
2
49
4
50
4
51
3
53
1
54
2
55
2
56
1
57
1
58
4
59
2
60
5
61
3
62
6
63
15
64
5
65
19
66
14
67
20
68
13
69
6
70
10
71
10
72
7
73
11
74
10
75
11
76
20
77
9
78
11
79
14
80
5
81
12
82
8
83
7
84
6
85
6
86
5
87
7
88
3
89
4
90
3
91
8
92
8
93
6
94
6
95
11
96
9
97
14
98
19
99
25
Q2. BP systolic
313
409
70
190
Q2. BP diastolic
313
409
40
130
Q2. BP pulse rate
313
409
56
901
Q3. Height
626
96
29.5
183.5
Q4. Wearing shoes when measured?
638
84
1
2
1
1=Yes
1
2
2=No
637
Sysmiss
84
Q5. Weight
640
82
11.4
160
Q6. Attire when weighed
639
83
1
3
1
1=Winter-weight clothing
11
2
2=Very light clothing
569
3
3=Clothing between light and winter
59
Sysmiss
83
Q7. Waist circumfrance
638
84
8
145
Q8. Hip circumfrance
630
92
0
148
Q9. Peak Flow reading1
594
128
60
651
Q9. Peak Flow reading2
594
128
60
665
Q9. Peak Flow reading3
594
128
60
710
Household Number
150
0
11012009
42092141
Tinned Fish
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
15
2
2=No
135
Meals
15
135
1
1
1
15
Sysmiss
135
Fresh Fish
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
37
2
2=No
113
Meals
37
113
1
2
1
8
2
29
Sysmiss
113
Corned Beef
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
11
2
2=No
139
Meals
11
139
1
2
1
7
2
4
Sysmiss
139
Fresh Beef
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
147
Meals
3
147
1
2
1
1
2
2
Sysmiss
147
Mutton
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
5
2
2=No
145
Meals
5
145
2
2
2
5
Sysmiss
145
Pork
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
19
2
2=No
131
Meals
19
131
2
2
2
19
Sysmiss
131
Chicken
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
55
2
2=No
95
Meals
55
95
1
2
1
19
2
36
Sysmiss
95
Other Meat (eg Sausage)
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
6
2
2=No
144
Meals
6
144
2
2
2
6
Sysmiss
144
Taro
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
6
2
2=No
144
Meals
6
144
1
2
1
1
2
5
Sysmiss
144
Taro Taruas
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
33
2
2=No
117
Meals
33
117
1
2
1
12
2
21
Sysmiss
117
Kumara (Sweet Potato)
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
20
2
2=No
130
Meals
20
130
1
2
1
5
2
15
Sysmiss
130
Taamu/Kape
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
20
2
2=No
130
Meals
20
130
2
2
2
20
Sysmiss
130
Yams
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
10
2
2=No
140
Meals
10
140
2
2
2
10
Sysmiss
140
Cassava/Manioc
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
95
2
2=No
55
Meals
95
55
1
2
1
27
2
68
Sysmiss
55
Potato
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
147
Meals
3
147
2
2
2
3
Sysmiss
147
Other Vegetables
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
54
2
2=No
96
Meals
54
96
1
2
1
17
2
37
Sysmiss
96
Coconut (fresh and dry)
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
130
2
2=No
20
Meals
130
20
1
2
1
39
2
91
Sysmiss
20
Banana
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
77
2
2=No
73
Meals
77
73
1
2
1
22
2
55
Sysmiss
73
Guava
150
0
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
150
Meals
0
150
Sysmiss
150
Pawpaw
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
147
Meals
3
147
1
2
1
1
2
2
Sysmiss
147
Mango
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
12
2
2=No
138
Meals
12
138
2
2
2
12
Sysmiss
138
Other Fruit
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
64
2
2=No
86
Meals
64
86
1
2
1
1
2
63
Sysmiss
86
Bread
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
84
2
2=No
66
Meals
84
66
1
2
1
78
2
6
Sysmiss
66
Rice
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
26
2
2=No
124
Meals
26
124
1
2
1
24
2
2
Sysmiss
124
Milk
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
35
2
2=No
115
Meals
35
115
1
2
1
34
2
1
Sysmiss
115
Takeaways
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
14
2
2=No
136
Meals
14
136
1
2
1
13
2
1
Sysmiss
136
Sweets/chocolates/lollies
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
37
2
2=No
113
Softdrinks
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
94
2
2=No
56
Tea
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
136
2
2=No
14
Alcohol
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
147
Household Number
150
0
11012009
42092141
Mobile (cell) phone - 400
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
61
2
2=No
89
Cameras - 401
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
29
2
2=No
121
Radios/Cassette players/Stereos - 402
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
145
2
2=No
5
Television sets - 403
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
124
2
2=No
26
Video recorder - 404
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
147
DVD player - 405
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
5
2
2=No
145
Computer - 406
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
19
2
2=No
131
Refrigerator - 407
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
53
2
2=No
97
Freezer - 408
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
1
2
2=No
149
Gas or electric oven - 409
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
91
2
2=No
59
Kerosene cooker - 410
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
47
2
2=No
103
Microwave oven - 411
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
147
Washing machine - 412
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
44
2
2=No
106
Sewing machines - 414
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
62
2
2=No
88
Electric iron - 415
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
138
2
2=No
12
Electric fan - 416
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
37
2
2=No
113
Generators - 417
150
0
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
150
Canoes or dinghies - 418
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
16
2
2=No
134
Outboard motors - 420
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
147
Bicycles - 421
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
118
2
2=No
32
Motorcycles - 422
150
0
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
150
Cars or pickup trucks - 423
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
106
2
2=No
44
Forestry Equipment - 424
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
90
2
2=No
60
Tractors - 425
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
1
2
2=No
149
Pigs
150
0
0
18
0
17
2
9
3
1
4
13
5
3
6
14
8
28
9
1
10
20
11
17
12
3
13
4
14
2
15
17
18
1
Chickens
150
0
0
16
0
20
2
2
3
1
4
10
5
1
6
21
8
44
9
2
10
12
11
17
12
6
13
8
15
5
16
1
Cattle
150
0
0
20
0
67
1
23
2
40
3
14
4
3
5
1
6
1
20
1
Goats
150
0
0
0
0
150
Horses
150
0
0
2
0
123
1
25
2
2
Sheep
150
0
0
5
0
148
2
1
5
1
Q3_A. Anyone have bank account?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
148
2
2=No
2
Q3_A. Owner count
148
2
1
4
1
72
2
67
3
6
4
3
Sysmiss
2
Q3_B. Anyone have eftpos card?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
148
2
2=No
2
Q3_B. Owner count
148
2
1
4
1
72
2
67
3
6
4
3
Sysmiss
2
Q3_C. Anyone have savings account?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
148
2
2=No
2
Q3_C. Owner count
148
2
1
11
1
71
2
67
3
6
4
3
11
1
Sysmiss
2
Q3_D. Anyone have credit card
150
0
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
150
Q3_D. Owner count
1
149
0
0
0
1
Sysmiss
149
Q3_E. Anyone have a microfinance loan?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
69
2
2=No
81
Q3_E. Owner count
68
82
1
2
1
54
2
14
Sysmiss
82
Q3_F. Anyone have loan from a moneylender?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
16
2
2=No
134
Q3_F. Owner count
16
134
1
2
1
11
2
5
Sysmiss
134
Q4. Approximate total of all household savings
150
0
0
10000
Q5. Approximate total of all household debts owed
150
0
0
180000
Q6. Approximate value of all household assets
150
0
500
15800
Q7. Main form of distance communication
148
2
1
7
1
Fixed-line telephone
90
2
Mobile (cell) phone
49
3
Public telephone/call centre
4
4
Internet/email within dwelling
0
5
Outside internet/email
0
6
Letter or telegram
2
7
Other
3
8
None, do not communicate long distance
0
Sysmiss
2
Q8. Number of vehicles in household
150
0
0
3
0
44
1
100
2
5
3
1
Q9. Any dwelling additions/improvements?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
70
2
2=No
80
Household Number
433
0
11012009
42092141
Q2a. Code
406
27
501
510
501
33
502
1
503
12
504
22
505
154
506
101
507
36
508
12
509
19
510
16
Sysmiss
27
Q2b. Country of residence
406
27
1
3
1
1=New Zealand
182
2
2=Australia
150
3
3=USA
74
4
4=Other
0
Sysmiss
27
Q2c. Sex of remitter
406
27
1
2
1
1=Male
182
2
2=Female
224
Sysmiss
27
Q2d. Age of remitter
406
27
20
70
Q3. Month of Remittance
406
27
1
12
1
68
2
6
3
16
4
5
5
67
6
32
7
31
8
11
9
28
10
16
11
36
12
90
Sysmiss
27
Q4. Total value of money received
406
27
0
3000
Q5. Method of Remittance
401
32
1
7
1
1=Western Union
47
2
2=Melie mei Langi
218
3
3=ATM or remittance card
0
4
4=Mobile money
0
5
5=Bank transfer
0
6
6=Carried cash
90
7
7=Other (specify)
46
Sysmiss
32
Q5_other
29
0
MONEYGRAM
28
MPNEYGRAM
1
Q6. Total value of goods received
400
33
0
800
Q7. Any received for special purposes?
406
27
1
2
1
Yes
138
2
No
268
Sysmiss
27
Q8a. Purpose 1
137
0
1
19
2
6
3
1
4
58
5
1
6
11
7
41
Q8b. Purpose 2
0
0
Q8c. Purpose 3
1
0
.
1
Household Number
26
0
11052094
41042068
Q2a. Code
26
0
503
510
503
2
504
3
505
9
506
6
507
1
509
3
510
2
Q2b. Country of residence
26
0
1
3
1
1=New Zealand
12
2
2=Australia
10
3
3=USA
4
4
4=Other
0
Q2c. Sex of recipient
26
0
1
2
1
1=Male
12
2
2=Female
14
Q2d. Age of recipient
26
0
32
70
Q3. Month of Sending Remittance
26
0
1
12
1
4
2
1
3
2
5
2
6
4
7
3
8
1
11
1
12
8
Q4. Total value of money sent
25
1
0
300
Q5. Method of Remittance
17
9
6
6
1
1=Western Union
0
2
2=Melie mei Langi
0
3
3=ATM or remittance card
0
4
4=Mobile money
0
5
5=Bank transfer
0
6
6=Carried cash
17
7
7=Other (specify)
0
Sysmiss
9
Q5_other
0
0
Q6. Total value of goods sent
26
0
0
6400
Q7. Any sent for special purposes?
26
0
1
2
1
Yes
5
2
No
21
Q8a. Purpose 1
5
0
2
4
6
1
Q8b. Purpose 2
0
0
Q8c. Purpose 3
0
0
Household Number
150
0
11012009
42092141
Q1a. Weekly spending on home groceries
150
0
10
300
Q1b. Weekly spending on eating out
145
5
0
85
Q1c. Weekly spending on other daily needs
150
0
2
85
Q2a. Monthly spending on housing
150
0
2
40
Q2b. Monthly spending on fuel/light
149
1
5
210
Q2c. Monthly spending on non-durable h/hold goods
76
74
0
10
0
73
2
1
10
2
Sysmiss
74
Q2d. Monthly spending on health needs
102
48
0
50
Q2e. Monthly spending on running vehicle
125
25
0
450
Q2f. Monthly spending on communication
149
1
0
210
Q2g. Monthly spending on recreation/entertainment
97
53
0
150
Q2h. Monthly spending on community obligations
149
1
0
500
Q2i. Monthly spending on interest payments
117
33
0
680
Q2j. Monthly spending on gambling
79
71
0
0
0
79
Sysmiss
71
Q3a. Past 6 months spending on clothing/footwear
145
5
0
300
Q3b. Past 6 months spending on education
136
14
0
400
Q3c. Past 6 months spending on electronic goods
80
70
0
650
Q3d. Past 6 months spending on household furnishings
83
67
0
850
Q3e. Past 6 months spending on household applicances
93
57
0
750
Q3f. Past 6 months spending on own business investments
111
39
0
350
Q3g. Past 6 months spending on family and friends
96
54
0
400
Q4. Domestic transfers received?
149
1
0
0
0
149
Sysmiss
1
Q5. Domestic transfers given out?
149
1
0
300
Household Number
150
0
11012009
42092141
Q1. Months selling fish last 12 months
150
0
0
7
0
133
2
2
3
4
4
5
5
4
6
1
7
1
Q2. Average net monthly income from fish last 12 months
17
133
100
800
Q3. Months sold crops in Tonga in last 12 months
150
0
0
8
0
110
2
4
3
13
4
6
5
4
6
12
8
1
Q4. Average net monthly income from crops in last 12 months
40
110
150
500
Q5. Months sold livestock in Tonga in last 12 months
150
0
0
5
0
60
1
26
2
45
3
13
4
3
5
3
Q6. Average net monthly income from livestock in last 12 months
90
60
120
2300
Q7. Months selling tapa clothes or mats in last 12 months
150
0
0
6
0
75
1
36
2
29
3
9
6
1
Q8. Average net monthly income from tapa clothes or mats in last 12 months
76
74
0
4000
Q9. Fortnight pension/superannuation/investments etc
150
0
0
8
0
149
8
1
Q10.01 Banana
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
64
2
2=No
86
Quantity
64
86
1
2
1
61
2
3
Sysmiss
86
Unit
64
0
BUNCH
63
BUNCHES
1
Value
64
86
10
30
10
42
15
16
20
5
30
1
Sysmiss
86
Q10.02 Breadfruit
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
50
2
2=No
100
Quantity
50
100
1
2
1
48
2
2
Sysmiss
100
Unit
50
0
BASKET
48
BSK
1
HEAP
1
Value
50
100
10
30
10
19
15
29
30
2
Sysmiss
100
Q10.03 Coconut
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
147
2
2=No
3
Quantity
147
3
1
2
1
144
2
3
Sysmiss
3
Unit
147
0
BASKET
142
BASKETS
1
BASKETY
1
BASKT
1
BSK
1
BSKT
1
Value
147
3
10
30
10
66
12
1
15
74
20
4
30
2
Sysmiss
3
Q10.04 Mango
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
4
2
2=No
146
Quantity
4
146
1
2
1
3
2
1
Sysmiss
146
Unit
4
0
BASKET
4
Value
4
146
20
20
20
4
Sysmiss
146
Q10.05 Pawpaw
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
10
2
2=No
140
Quantity
10
140
1
1
1
10
Sysmiss
140
Unit
10
0
BASKET
7
HEAP
3
Value
10
140
10
10
10
10
Sysmiss
140
Q10.06 Pineapple
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
1
2
2=No
149
Quantity
1
149
1
1
1
1
Sysmiss
149
Unit
1
0
HEAP
1
Value
1
149
10
10
10
1
Sysmiss
149
Q10.07 American Taro
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
34
2
2=No
116
Quantity
34
116
1
2
1
32
2
2
Sysmiss
116
Unit
33
0
BASKET
28
BUNDLE
5
Value
34
116
15
50
Q10.08 Common Taro
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
23
2
2=No
127
Quantity
23
127
1
6
1
21
2
1
6
1
Sysmiss
127
Unit
23
0
BASKET
4
BUNDLE
17
BUNDLES
1
UNITS
1
Value
23
127
20
60
Q10.09 Taamu/Kape
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
32
2
2=No
118
Quantity
32
118
2
10
2
2
4
11
6
11
8
3
10
5
Sysmiss
118
Unit
32
0
UNIT
1
UNITS
31
Value
32
118
10
100
Q10.10 Cassava/Manioc
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
116
2
2=No
34
Quantity
116
34
1
2
1
111
2
5
Sysmiss
34
Unit
116
0
BAASKET
1
BASKET
112
BASKETS
1
BSKET
1
BSKT
1
Value
116
34
10
80
Q10.11 Yam
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
16
2
2=No
134
Quantity
16
134
1
2
1
15
2
1
Sysmiss
134
Unit
16
0
BASKET
14
BASKETS
1
BSK
1
Value
16
134
30
200
Q10.12 Sweet Potato/Kumala
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
10
2
2=No
140
Quantity
10
140
1
2
1
9
2
1
Sysmiss
140
Unit
10
0
BASKET
10
Value
10
140
20
40
20
8
30
1
40
1
Sysmiss
140
Q10.13 Cabbage
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
57
2
2=No
93
Quantity
57
93
1
2
1
53
2
4
Sysmiss
93
Unit
57
0
BASKET
1
HEAP
53
HEAPS
3
Value
57
93
10
20
10
49
15
4
20
4
Sysmiss
93
Q10.14 Squash, tomatoes, other veges
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
25
2
2=No
125
Quantity
25
125
1
1
1
25
Sysmiss
125
Unit
25
0
HEAP
25
Value
25
125
10
15
10
24
15
1
Sysmiss
125
Q10.15 Eggs
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
147
Quantity
3
147
1
1
1
3
Sysmiss
147
Unit
3
0
TRAY
3
Value
3
147
15
15
15
3
Sysmiss
147
Q10.16 Fish, crab, seafood
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
64
2
2=No
86
Quantity
64
0
001
31
002
5
1
26
2
2
Unit
64
0
ESKIES
1
ESKY
61
STRING
2
Value
64
86
20
100
Q10.17 Chicken
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
79
2
2=No
71
Quantity
79
71
1
6
1
38
2
33
3
3
4
3
6
2
Sysmiss
71
Unit
79
0
UNIT
38
UNITS
41
Value
79
71
10
60
Q10.18 Pig
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
26
2
2=No
124
Quantity
26
124
1
4
1
7
2
17
4
2
Sysmiss
124
Unit
26
0
UNIT
7
UNITS
19
Value
26
124
80
400
Q10.19 Beef
150
0
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
150
Quantity
0
150
Sysmiss
150
Unit
0
0
Value
0
150
Sysmiss
150
Household Number
150
0
11012009
42092141
S8PID
150
0
1
2
1
148
2
2
Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2002?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
1
2
2=No
149
Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2003?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
25
2
2=No
125
Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2004?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
57
2
2=No
93
Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2005?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
121
2
2=No
29
Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2006?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
105
2
2=No
45
Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2007?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
131
2
2=No
19
Q2. Ever win a ballot?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
6
2
2=No
144
Q3. Where were you born
150
0
2
4
1
1=NZ
0
2
2=Nuku'alofa
14
3
3=Rest of Tongatapu
100
4
4=Outer Islands
36
5
5=Other
0
Q4. Ever been to NZ?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
111
2
2=No
39
Q5. Month of first arrival
104
0
01
2
02
2
03
5
05
4
06
8
07
3
08
4
09
1
10
32
11
25
12
16
5
1
6
1
Q5. Year of first arrival
105
0
00
3
01
2
03
1
04
1
05
7
06
6
07
4
08
7
09
12
10
40
11
13
12
5
89
1
95
1
98
1
99
1
Q6. Religion
150
0
1
9
1
1=Church of Tonga
4
2
2=Free Wesleyan Church
81
3
3=Catholic
22
4
4=Methodist
0
5
5=Mormon
18
6
6=SDA
3
7
7=Assembly of God
5
8
8=Free Church of Tonga
11
9
9=Other
6
10
10=None
0
Q7. Ever had a paid job/consultancy?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
111
2
2=No
39
Q8 Changed job in last 5 years?
112
38
1
2
1
1=Yes
18
2
2=No
94
Sysmiss
38
Q9 Previous Job
17
0
ARMY
1
BABY SITTER
1
BAKER
1
CONSTRUCTION WORKER
3
ENGINEER
1
FARMER
1
FARMER (TONGA)
1
FARMER IN TONGA
1
IT TECHNICIAN
1
OFFICE WORKER
1
SECRETARY
1
SHOPKEEPER
1
SOLDIER
1
WAITRESS
2
Q9 Current Job
17
0
DOMESTIC
1
FARMER
5
HOME DUTY
1
HOUSEWIFE
2
OWN BUSINESS
1
RETIRED
1
RSE IN NZ 08/13 TO 01/14
1
RSE WORKER
1
RSE WORKER 10/13 TO 03/14
1
UNEMPLOYED
2
UNEMPLOYED/DOMESTIC
1
Q10. Poor to Rich scale
150
0
4
8
4
2
5
38
6
98
7
11
8
1
Q11. Level of respect scale
150
0
4
8
4
1
5
15
6
71
7
51
8
12
Q12a. Receive $1000 today, or $900 next year?
150
0
1
1
1
1=$1000 today
150
2
2=$900 one year from today
0
Q12b. Receive $1000 today, or $1000 next year?
150
0
1
2
1
1=$1000 today
149
2
2=$1000 one year from today
1
Q12c. Receive $1000 today, or $1100 next year?
150
0
1
2
1
1=$1000 today
129
2
2=$1100 one year from today
21
Q12d. Receive $1000 today, or $1500 next year?
134
16
1
2
1
1=$1000 today
38
2
2=$1500 one year from today
96
Sysmiss
16
Q13. Would you risk taking a new uncertain job?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
76
2
2=No
74
Q14a. Receive $1000 at xmas 2014, or $900 at xmas 2015?
150
0
1
2
1
1=$1000 xmas 2014
147
2
2=$900 xmas 2015
3
Q14b. Receive $1000 at xmas 2014, or $1000 at xmas 2015?
148
2
1
2
1
1=$1000 today
147
2
2=$1000 one year from today
1
Sysmiss
2
Q14c. Receive $1000 at xmas 2014, or $1100 at xmas 2015?
148
2
1
2
1
1=$1000 at xmas 2014
130
2
2=$1100 at xmas 2015
18
Sysmiss
2
Q14d. Receive $1000 at xmas 2014, or $1500 at xmas 2015?
137
13
1
2
1
1=$1000 at xmas 2014
33
2
2=$1500 at xmas 2015
104
Sysmiss
13
Q15 Willingness to take risks
149
1
1
8
1
1
4
2
5
14
6
91
7
36
8
5
Sysmiss
1
Q16. Believe it is possible to succeed on own, or as part of group?
150
0
1
2
1
1=It is possible to be successful on your own
124
2
2=A large group is necessary to be successful
26
Q17. Believe having money is important to being happy?
150
0
1
3
1
1=It is indispensable to being happy
39
2
2=It is very important to being happy
105
3
3=It is important to being happy
6
4
4=It is not important to being happy
0
Q18. Believe hard work pays better?
150
0
1
3
1
1=Much better off than those who do not put in an effort
62
2
2=Better off than those who do not put in an effort
81
3
3=Worse off than those who do not put in an effort
7
4
4=Much worse off than those who do not put in an effort
0
Q19. Believe Tongans trust one another?
150
0
1
2
1
1=You can trust others
100
2
2=You cannot trust others
50
Household Number
150
0
11012009
42092141
PAC Person 1 ID:
150
0
1
10
1
145
2
4
10
1
Q1. Chosen Business
150
0
A
10
B
11
C
29
D
22
E
29
F
35
G
5
H
9
Q2. Most important Financial Decision-making Time
150
0
A
112
B
38
Q3a. Day-to-day spending/bills
150
0
1
5
1
1. Always made by myself
1
2
2. Usually made by myself
6
3
3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga
142
4
4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga
0
5
5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga
1
Q3b. Large household purchases
150
0
2
5
1
1. Always made by myself
0
2
2. Usually made by myself
2
3
3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga
118
4
4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga
0
5
5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga
30
Q3c. Making large donations
150
0
1
5
1
1. Always made by myself
1
2
2. Usually made by myself
3
3
3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga
110
4
4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga
1
5
5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga
35
Q3d. Employment & small business activities
150
0
1
5
1
1. Always made by myself
1
2
2. Usually made by myself
23
3
3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga
125
4
4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga
0
5
5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga
1
Q3e. Savings, Investments, Borrowings
150
0
1
5
1
1. Always made by myself
1
2
2. Usually made by myself
16
3
3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga
131
4
4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga
0
5
5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga
2
Household Number
150
0
11012009
42092141
Person ID answering questions
150
0
1
2
1
146
2
4
Relation to PAC Applicant
26
124
1
4
1
1=Mother
18
2
2=Father
5
3
3=Sister
2
4
4=Brother
1
Sysmiss
124
Relation to PAC Applicant
124
26
1
4
1
1=Mother
36
2
2=Father
10
3
3=Sister
43
4
4=Brother
35
Sysmiss
26
Q1. Frequency of communication with other player
150
0
1
4
1
1=Daily
26
2
2=Several times a week
68
3
3=Weekly
21
4
4=Once or twice a month
35
5
5=Less than monthly
0
Q2. Know how much other person earns monthly?
139
11
1
3
1
1=Yes
4
2
2=No
59
3
3=NA
76
Sysmiss
11
Q3. Other player know how much you earn monthly?
141
9
1
3
1
1=Yes
15
2
2=No
90
3
3=NA
36
Sysmiss
9
Q4. How frequently do you give money to other player?
150
0
1
4
1
1=At least monthly
7
2
2=Several times a year
99
3
3=Once a year
6
4
4=Less than yearly or never
38
Q5. How frequently does other player give you money?
150
0
2
4
1
1=At least monthly
0
2
2=Several times a year
64
3
3=Once a year
3
4
4=Less than yearly or never
83
Q6. Typically consult with other player when making financial decisions?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
80
2
2=No
70
Q7. Does other player typically consult you when making financial decisions?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
80
2
2=No
70
Q8. Do you trust lending your possessions to other player?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
122
2
2=No
28
Q9a. Both own any bank accounts?
150
0
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
150
Q9b. Both own any land?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
145
2
2=No
5
Q9c. Both own any livestock?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
112
2
2=No
38
Q9d. Both own any Household business?
150
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
62
2
2=No
88
Household Number
150
0
11012009
42092141
Order Game played in
150
0
ABC
24
ACB
22
BAC
27
BCA
28
CAB
24
CBA
25
A.a How much of 300 will you keep?
150
0
20
250
A.b How much will you give to other player?
150
0
50
280
A.c How much will other player put into bonus pot?
150
0
10
505
A.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept?
150
0
0
150
A.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot?
150
0
10
250
A. Dice number
150
0
30
960
B.a How much of 300 will you keep?
150
0
20
250
B.b How much will you give to other player?
150
0
50
250
B.c How much will other player put into bonus pot?
150
0
1
250
B.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept?
150
0
0
200
B.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot?
150
0
20
300
B. Dice number
150
0
20
960
C. Windfall
150
0
100
500
C.a How much of the windfall will you keep?
150
0
10
400
C.b How much will you give to other player?
150
0
20
450
C.c How much will other player put into bonus pot?
150
0
10
400
C.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept?
150
0
0
200
C.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot?
150
0
0
390
C. Dice number
150
0
0
999
Household Number
45
0
1001
1045
Order Game played in
45
0
ABC
8
ACB
8
BAC
8
BCA
9
CAB
6
CBA
6
A.a How much of 300 will you keep?
45
0
50
200
A.b How much will you give to other player?
45
0
100
250
A.c How much will other player put into bonus pot?
45
0
50
150
A.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept?
45
0
0
150
A.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot?
45
0
20
200
A. Dice number
45
0
20
800
B.a How much of 300 will you keep?
45
0
50
200
B.b How much will you give to other player?
45
0
100
250
B.c How much will other player put into bonus pot?
45
0
10
200
B.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept?
45
0
0
150
B.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot?
45
0
0
200
B. Dice number
45
0
0
600
C. Windfall
45
0
100
500
C.a How much of the windfall will you keep?
45
0
10
400
C.b How much will you give to other player?
45
0
20
300
C.c How much will other player put into bonus pot?
45
0
10
200
C.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept?
45
0
5
150
C.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot?
45
0
10
200
C. Dice number
45
0
20
600
Household Number
133
0
1001
1133
Household Number
133
0
1001
1133
Household been in previous PINZMS?
131
2
1
2
1
1=Yes
72
2
2=No
59
Sysmiss
2
Code Number used:
0
0
PAC Applicant Mother in Tonga
130
3
1
2
1
1 = Yes
46
2
2 = No
84
Sysmiss
3
PAC Applicant Father in Tonga
125
8
1
2
1
1 = Yes
35
2
2 = No
90
Sysmiss
8
PAC Applicant Sister in Tonga
114
19
1
2
1
1 = Yes
49
2
2 = No
65
Sysmiss
19
PAC Applicant Brother in Tonga
98
35
1
2
1
1 = Yes
40
2
2 = No
58
Sysmiss
35
Relation to PAC Applicant Tonga
133
0
1
4
1
1=Mother
30
2
2=Father
28
3
3=Sister
43
4
4=Brother
32
Partner HHID
133
0
4001
4248
Day
133
0
1
31
Month
133
0
1
12
1
3
2
7
3
4
4
27
5
11
6
4
7
25
8
15
9
5
11
28
12
4
Year
133
0
2013
2014
2013
49
2014
84
Day
133
0
1
30
Month
133
0
1
12
1
3
2
5
3
8
4
10
5
24
6
10
8
17
9
8
10
11
11
30
12
7
Year
133
0
2013
2014
2013
45
2014
88
Day
133
0
1
28
Month
133
0
1
12
1
3
2
5
3
8
4
10
6
34
8
17
9
8
10
11
11
29
12
8
Year
133
0
2013
2014
2013
45
2014
88
Household Number
546
0
1001
1133
Person ID
546
0
1
9
1
133
2
127
3
112
4
82
5
49
6
27
7
12
8
3
9
1
Q1. Age
546
0
0
74
Q3. Sex
546
0
1
2
1
Male
261
2
Female
285
Q4. Relationship
546
0
1
9
1
Household Head
133
2
Spouse
112
3
Own/Adopted child
259
4
Son/Daughter-in-law
6
5
Parent
1
6
Parent-in-law
0
7
Brother/Sister
6
8
Grandchild
18
9
Other relative
11
10
Non-relative
0
Q5. Mobility
544
0
0
144
00
12
02
5
03
42
04
76
05
91
06
118
07
1
08
12
09
12
10
19
11
8
12
3
99
1
Q6. Education
544
2
0
12
0
0=No schooling
88
1
1=Years 1 to 6 (Primary)
86
2
2=Year 7 (Form 1)
27
3
3=Year 8 (Form 2)
19
4
4=Year 9 (Form 3)
16
5
5=Year 10 (Form 4)
30
6
6=Year 11 (Lower 5)
49
7
7=Year 12 (Upper 6)
65
8
8=Year 13 (Form 7)
45
9
9=Teachers College
14
10
10=Polytechnic
40
11
11=University Degree
23
12
12=Other Qualification
42
Sysmiss
2
Q7. Studying
537
9
1
2
1
Yes
207
2
No
330
Sysmiss
9
Q8. Physical Activity
518
28
0
6
0
83
1
50
2
73
3
11
4
12
5
1
6
288
Sysmiss
28
Q9. Weekly income - past 12 months
284
262
0
650
Q10. Activity
283
263
1
2
1
1=yes
218
2
2=no
65
Sysmiss
263
Q11. Employer
219
327
1
1
1
Paid Employee
219
2
Employer
0
3
Self-employed and without employees
0
4
Unpaid family family worker
0
5
Don't know
0
Sysmiss
327
Q12. Total earnings last WEEK
219
327
150
780
Household Number
520
0
1001
1133
Person ID
520
0
1
8
1
133
2
127
3
102
4
75
5
46
6
24
7
11
8
2
Q1. Self-evaluation of health
518
2
1
4
1
1=very good
22
2
2=good
487
3
3=average
8
4
4=bad
1
5
5=very bad
0
Sysmiss
2
Q2. Any health complaints
514
6
1
2
1
1=yes
56
2
2=no
458
Sysmiss
6
Q3. Smoke?
308
212
1
2
1
1=Yes
89
2
2=No
219
Sysmiss
212
Q4. How many cigarettes
89
431
1
2
1
1=1 to 10
86
2
2=11 to 20
3
3
3=21 to 30
0
4
4=31 to 40
0
5
5=41 to 50
0
6
6=51 to 60
0
7
7=more than 60
0
9
9=don't know
0
Sysmiss
431
Q5. Drink alcohol?
303
217
1
2
1
1=Yes
69
2
2=No
234
Sysmiss
217
Q6. How Frequent?
70
450
1
4
1
1=5 or more days a week
4
2
2=1-4 days a week
32
3
3=1-3 days a month
33
4
4=less than once a month
1
Sysmiss
450
Q7. How many/day?
68
452
1
3
1
1=one or two
11
2
2=three or four
52
3
3=five or six
5
4
4=seven to nine
0
5
5=ten or more
0
Sysmiss
452
Household Number
318
0
1001
1133
Person ID
318
0
1
6
1
133
2
121
3
40
4
18
5
5
6
1
Q1. Times happy
310
8
1
3
1
1=always
30
2
2=very often
229
3
3=sometimes
51
4
4=almost never
0
5
5=never
0
Sysmiss
8
Q2. Times calm & peaceful
310
8
1
4
1
1=always
17
2
2=very often
161
3
3=sometimes
131
4
4=almost never
1
5
5=never
0
Sysmiss
8
Q3. Times nervous
310
8
1
5
1
1=always
1
2
2=very often
13
3
3=sometimes
221
4
4=almost never
72
5
5=never
3
Sysmiss
8
Q4. Times down-hearted
310
8
2
5
1
1=always
0
2
2=very often
5
3
3=sometimes
96
4
4=almost never
188
5
5=never
21
Sysmiss
8
Q5. Times depressed
310
8
2
5
1
1=always
0
2
2=very often
2
3
3=sometimes
43
4
4=almost never
166
5
5=never
99
Sysmiss
8
Household Number
545
0
1001
1133
Person ID
545
0
1
9
1
133
2
127
3
112
4
81
5
49
6
27
7
12
8
3
9
1
Q1. DOB_day
244
0
01
3
02
14
03
14
04
2
05
19
06
10
07
6
08
6
09
6
10
15
11
6
12
8
13
11
14
3
15
14
16
6
17
5
18
6
19
7
2
1
20
3
21
4
22
7
23
9
24
8
25
12
26
6
27
6
28
1
29
4
3
3
30
6
31
4
4
3
5
3
6
1
7
1
9
1
Q1. DOB_month
244
0
01
24
02
19
03
22
04
20
05
29
06
19
07
14
08
24
09
11
10
9
11
20
12
17
2
2
3
1
4
1
40
1
5
2
6
3
7
3
9
3
Q1. DOB_year
535
0
00
11
01
23
02
18
03
11
04
12
05
12
06
11
07
7
08
22
09
12
10
28
11
22
12
14
13
15
14
3
39
1
53
1
54
1
55
1
58
2
59
1
60
8
61
10
62
3
63
7
64
4
65
6
66
9
67
5
68
11
69
4
70
11
71
10
72
5
73
5
74
13
75
12
76
12
77
14
78
20
79
11
80
22
81
7
82
5
83
8
84
10
85
6
86
4
87
2
88
3
89
3
90
3
91
4
92
3
93
7
94
2
95
5
96
5
97
9
98
13
99
6
Q2. BP systolic
267
278
80
935
Q2. BP diastolic
267
278
55
877
Q2. BP pulse rate
267
278
55
317
Q3. Height
477
68
0.3
187.2
Q4. Wearing shoes when measured?
477
68
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
477
Sysmiss
68
Q5. Weight
481
64
10
137.2
Q6. Attire when weighed
481
64
1
3
1
1=Winter-weight clothing
83
2
2=Very light clothing
314
3
3=Clothing between light and winter
84
Sysmiss
64
Q7. Waist circumfrance
481
64
15
450
Q8. Hip circumfrance
481
64
20
157
Q9. Peak Flow reading1
419
126
100
590
Q9. Peak Flow reading2
419
126
125
680
Q9. Peak Flow reading3
420
125
7
740
Household Number
133
0
1001
1133
Tinned Fish
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
1
2
2=No
132
Meals
1
132
1
1
1
1
Sysmiss
132
Fresh Fish
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
6
2
2=No
127
Meals
6
127
1
2
1
2
2
4
Sysmiss
127
Corned Beef
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
7
2
2=No
126
Meals
7
126
1
2
1
5
2
2
Sysmiss
126
Fresh Beef
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
130
Meals
3
130
2
2
2
3
Sysmiss
130
Mutton
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
130
Meals
3
130
1
2
1
2
2
1
Sysmiss
130
Pork
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
21
2
2=No
112
Meals
21
112
1
2
1
4
2
17
Sysmiss
112
Chicken
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
82
2
2=No
51
Meals
81
52
1
2
1
35
2
46
Sysmiss
52
Other Meat (eg Sausage)
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
23
2
2=No
110
Meals
23
110
1
2
1
5
2
18
Sysmiss
110
Taro
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
1
2
2=No
132
Meals
2
131
1
2
1
1
2
1
Sysmiss
131
Taro Taruas
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
1
2
2=No
132
Meals
1
132
1
1
1
1
Sysmiss
132
Kumara (Sweet Potato)
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
8
2
2=No
125
Meals
8
125
2
2
2
8
Sysmiss
125
Taamu/Kape
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
17
2
2=No
116
Meals
17
116
1
2
1
4
2
13
Sysmiss
116
Yams
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
1
2
2=No
132
Meals
1
132
2
2
2
1
Sysmiss
132
Cassava/Manioc
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
61
2
2=No
72
Meals
61
72
1
2
1
21
2
40
Sysmiss
72
Potato
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
86
2
2=No
47
Meals
86
47
1
2
1
27
2
59
Sysmiss
47
Other Vegetables
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
38
2
2=No
95
Meals
38
95
1
2
1
16
2
22
Sysmiss
95
Coconut (fresh and dry)
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
21
2
2=No
112
Meals
21
112
1
2
1
11
2
10
Sysmiss
112
Banana
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
84
2
2=No
49
Meals
82
51
1
2
1
29
2
53
Sysmiss
51
Guava
133
0
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
133
Meals
0
133
Sysmiss
133
Pawpaw
133
0
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
133
Meals
0
133
Sysmiss
133
Mango
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
1
2
2=No
132
Meals
1
132
2
2
2
1
Sysmiss
132
Other Fruit
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
117
2
2=No
16
Meals
116
17
1
2
1
33
2
83
Sysmiss
17
Bread
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
113
2
2=No
20
Meals
112
21
1
2
1
99
2
13
Sysmiss
21
Rice
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
11
2
2=No
122
Meals
11
122
1
2
1
9
2
2
Sysmiss
122
Milk
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
106
2
2=No
27
Meals
105
28
1
2
1
87
2
18
Sysmiss
28
Takeaways
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
60
2
2=No
73
Meals
59
74
1
2
1
54
2
5
Sysmiss
74
Sweets/chocolates/lollies
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
63
2
2=No
70
Softdrinks
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
130
2
2=No
3
Tea
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
127
2
2=No
6
Alcohol
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
10
2
2=No
123
Household Number
133
0
1001
1133
Mobile (cell) phone - 400
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
25
2
2=No
108
Cameras - 401
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
78
2
2=No
55
Radios/Cassette players/Stereos - 402
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
118
2
2=No
15
Television sets - 403
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
132
2
2=No
1
Video recorder - 404
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
4
2
2=No
129
DVD player - 405
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
13
2
2=No
120
Computer - 406
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
73
2
2=No
60
Refrigerator - 407
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
121
2
2=No
12
Freezer - 408
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
130
Gas or electric oven - 409
133
0
1
1
1
1=Yes
133
2
2=No
0
Kerosene cooker - 410
133
0
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
133
Microwave oven - 411
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
107
2
2=No
26
Washing machine - 412
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
99
2
2=No
34
Sewing machines - 414
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
43
2
2=No
90
Electric iron - 415
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
131
2
2=No
2
Electric fan - 416
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
25
2
2=No
108
Generators - 417
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
2
2
2=No
131
Canoes or dinghies - 418
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
1
2
2=No
132
Outboard motors - 420
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
130
Bicycles - 421
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
95
2
2=No
38
Motorcycles - 422
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
130
Cars or pickup trucks - 423
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
127
2
2=No
6
Q2. How many vehicles does this household have?
133
0
0
3
0
1
1
97
2
33
3
2
Q3. Main form of communication medium for household?
131
2
1
6
1
1=Fixed line telephone
109
2
2=Mobile phone
15
3
3=Public Telephone
2
4
4=Internet or email from this dwelling
1
5
5=Internet or email from outside this dwelling
2
6
6=other
2
Sysmiss
2
Q4_A. Anyone have bank account?
133
0
1
1
1
1=Yes
133
2
2=No
0
Q4_A. Owner count
133
0
1
5
1
13
2
100
3
13
4
5
5
2
Q4_B. Anyone have eftpos card?
133
0
1
1
1
1=Yes
133
2
2=No
0
Q4_B. Owner count
133
0
1
5
1
13
2
100
3
13
4
5
5
2
Q4_C. Anyone have savings account?
133
0
1
1
1
1=Yes
133
2
2=No
0
Q4_C. Owner count
133
0
1
5
1
13
2
100
3
13
4
5
5
2
Q4_D. Anyone have credit card
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
1
2
2=No
132
Q4_D. Owner count
1
132
1
1
1
1
Sysmiss
132
Q4_E. Anyone have a microfinance loan?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
120
2
2=No
13
Q4_E. Owner count
119
14
1
3
1
96
2
22
3
1
Sysmiss
14
Q4_F. Anyone have loan from a moneylender?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
9
2
2=No
124
Q4_F. Owner count
8
125
1
1
1
8
Sysmiss
125
Q5. Approximate total of all household savings
133
0
850
75000
Q6. Approximate total of all household debts owed
133
0
0
330000
Q7. Approximate value of all household assets
133
0
1500
310500
Q8. Does anyone here pay rent on this dwelling?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
119
2
2=No
14
Q9. How much rent is paid?
118
15
80
550
Q9. Rent is paid 1=weekly, 2=monthly, 3=other
115
18
1
1
1
1=Yes
115
2
2=No
0
3
3=Other
0
Sysmiss
18
Q9. Other rent period
0
0
Q9. If paying with others, what is total rent per installment?
9
124
80
200
Household Number
546
0
1001
1133
Q2a. Code
544
2
503
512
503
200
504
108
505
165
506
52
509
8
510
7
512
4
Sysmiss
2
Q2b. Country of residence
542
4
1
5
1
1=Tonga
538
2
2=Australia
1
3
3=NZ
0
4
4=USA
2
5
5=Other
1
Sysmiss
4
Q2c. Sex of recipient
540
6
1
2
1
1=Male
208
2
2=Female
332
Sysmiss
6
Q2d. Age of recipient
540
6
20
83
Q3. Month of Remittance
544
2
1
12
1
78
2
5
3
32
4
4
5
105
6
43
7
19
8
18
9
51
10
17
11
49
12
123
Sysmiss
2
Q4. Total value of money sent
544
2
0
1500
Q5. Method of Remittance
536
10
1
7
1
1=Western Union
88
2
2=Melie mei Langi
349
3
3=ATM or remittance card
0
4
4=Mobile money
0
5
5=Bank transfer
0
6
6=Carried cash
96
7
7=Other (specify)
3
Sysmiss
10
Q5_other
3
0
EPOKI
2
MONEYGRAM
1
Q6. Total value of goods sent
544
2
0
6300
Q7. Any sent for special purposes?
543
3
1
2
1
Yes
180
2
No
363
Sysmiss
3
Q8a. Purpose 1
180
0
1
19
2
1
4
56
6
7
7
94
8
3
Q8b. Purpose 2
0
0
Q8c. Purpose 3
0
0
Household Number
61
0
1002
1123
Q2a. Code
61
0
503
510
503
15
504
21
505
16
506
5
509
2
510
2
Q2b. Country of residence
61
0
1
3
1
1=Tonga
60
2
2=Australia
0
3
3=NZ
1
4
4=USA
0
5
5=Other
0
Q2c. Sex of remitter
61
0
1
2
1
1=Male
20
2
2=Female
41
Q2d. Age of remitter
61
0
29
75
Q3. Month of Receiviing Remittance
61
0
1
12
1
2
3
4
4
3
5
2
6
11
7
4
8
1
11
5
12
29
Q4. Total value of money received
61
0
0
0
0
61
Q5. Method of Remittance
30
31
6
6
1
1=Western Union
0
2
2=Melie mei Langi
0
3
3=ATM or remittance card
0
4
4=Mobile money
0
5
5=Bank transfer
0
6
6=Carried cash
30
7
7=Other (specify)
0
Sysmiss
31
Q5_other
0
0
Q6. Total value of goods received
61
0
150
6400
Q7. Any received for special purposes?
61
0
1
2
1
Yes
24
2
No
37
Q8a. Purpose 1
24
0
1
5
2
3
6
11
7
1
8
4
Q8b. Purpose 2
0
0
Q8c. Purpose 3
0
0
Household Number
133
0
1001
1133
Q1a. Weekly spending on home groceries
133
0
50
350
Q1b. Weekly spending on eating out
133
0
0
60
Q1c. Weekly spending on other daily needs
132
1
2
50
Q2a. Monthly spending on housing
130
3
0
1800
Q2b. Monthly spending on fuel/light
131
2
0
668
Q2c. Monthly spending on non-durable h/hold goods
80
53
0
20
0
51
1
1
10
14
20
14
Sysmiss
53
Q2d. Monthly spending on health needs
119
14
0
50
Q2e. Monthly spending on running vehicle
133
0
0
1100
Q2f. Monthly spending on communication
133
0
0
150
Q2g. Monthly spending on recreation/entertainment
130
3
0
150
Q2h. Monthly spending on community obligations
129
4
0
200
Q2i. Monthly spending on interest payments
129
4
0
690
Q2j. Monthly spending on gambling
107
26
0
48
Q3a. Past 6 months spending on clothing/footwear
133
0
20
350
Q3b. Past 6 months spending on education
115
18
0
3500
Q3c. Past 6 months spending on electronic goods
79
54
0
650
Q3d. Past 6 months spending on household furnishings
90
43
0
2500
Q3e. Past 6 months spending on household applicances
86
47
0
650
Q3f. Past 6 months spending on own business investments
74
59
0
640
Q3g. Past 6 months spending on family and friends
83
50
0
1000
Q4. Domestic income received last fortnight?
133
0
0
0
0
133
Q5. Domestic income support received last fortnight?
133
0
0
510
Household Number
133
0
1001
1133
Q1. Frequency of sending money to Tonga
132
1
1
6
1
2
2
15
3
29
4
4
6
82
Sysmiss
1
Q2.A Western Union
130
3
1
2
1
1=Yes
125
2
2=No
5
Sysmiss
3
Q2. Know fees?
131
2
1
2
1
126
2
5
Sysmiss
2
Q2. Fees per $200
126
7
12
20
12
1
14
113
15
5
20
7
Sysmiss
7
Q2.B Melie Mei Langi
132
1
1
1
1
1=Yes
132
2
2=No
0
Sysmiss
1
Q2. Know fees?
132
1
1
1
1
132
Sysmiss
1
Q2. Fees per $200
132
1
5
5
5
132
Sysmiss
1
Q2.C ATM card
79
54
1
2
1
1=Yes
4
2
2=No
75
Sysmiss
54
Q2. Know fees?
82
51
1
2
1
10
2
72
Sysmiss
51
Q2. Fees per $200
11
122
0
3
0
1
1
7
3
3
Sysmiss
122
Q2.D Cell Phone/Mobile money
78
55
1
2
1
1=Yes
4
2
2=No
74
Sysmiss
55
Q2. Know fees?
84
49
1
2
1
19
2
65
Sysmiss
49
Q2. Fees per $200
19
114
1
3
1
2
3
17
Sysmiss
114
Q2.E Bank Transfer ANZ or Westpac
78
55
1
2
1
1=Yes
8
2
2=No
70
Sysmiss
55
Q2. Know fees?
83
50
1
2
1
26
2
57
Sysmiss
50
Q2. Fees per $200
26
107
25
25
25
26
Sysmiss
107
Q2.F KlickEx
75
58
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
75
Sysmiss
58
Q2. Know fees?
75
58
2
2
2
75
Sysmiss
58
Q2. Fees per $200
0
133
Sysmiss
133
Q2.G Moneygram/Money Exchange
75
58
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
75
Sysmiss
58
Q2. Know fees?
75
58
2
2
2
75
Sysmiss
58
Q2. Fees per $200
0
133
Sysmiss
133
Q2.H IMEX
75
58
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
75
Sysmiss
58
Q2. Know fees?
75
58
2
2
2
75
Sysmiss
58
Q2. Fees per $200
0
133
Sysmiss
133
Q2.I Epokifo'ou MT
82
51
1
2
1
1=Yes
14
2
2=No
68
Sysmiss
51
Q2. Know fees?
91
42
1
2
1
32
2
59
Sysmiss
42
Q2. Fees per $200
32
101
5
12
5
2
8
27
10
2
12
1
Sysmiss
101
Q2.J Money Move it
75
58
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
75
Sysmiss
58
Q2. Know fees?
75
58
2
2
2
75
Sysmiss
58
Q2. Fees per $200
0
133
Sysmiss
133
Q2.K Nikua Money Transfer
75
58
1
2
1
1=Yes
5
2
2=No
70
Sysmiss
58
Q2. Know fees?
76
57
1
2
1
8
2
68
Sysmiss
57
Q2. Fees per $200
9
124
8
12
8
6
10
2
12
1
Sysmiss
124
Q2.L Mana Money Transfer
75
58
1
2
1
1=Yes
1
2
2=No
74
Sysmiss
58
Q2. Know fees?
80
53
1
2
1
6
2
74
Sysmiss
53
Q2. Fees per $200
6
127
5
10
5
5
10
1
Sysmiss
127
Q3. Exchange rate estimate: 1 NZD = ? Pa'anga
70
63
1.2
1.35
Q3. Exchange rate estimate: 1 pa'anga = ? NZD
0
133
Sysmiss
133
Q3. Exchange rate estimate: NZD = Pa'anga
63
70
100
300
Q3. Exchange rate estimate: NZD = Pa'anga
63
70
118
392.6
Q4. Would you say you have:
133
0
1
4
1
1=Not enough money
1
2
2=Just enough money
125
3
3=Enough money
6
4
4=More than enough money
1
Q5a. Could not pay electricity on time
133
0
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
133
Q5b. Pawned or sold something
133
0
2
2
2
133
Q5c. Went without meals
133
0
2
2
2
133
Q5d. Ask for financial help from family & friends
133
0
1
2
1
1
2
132
Q5e. Asked for help from Welfare Orgs
133
0
1
2
1
1
2
132
Q5f. Could not pay credit card on time
133
0
2
2
2
133
Household Number
133
0
1001
1133
S8PID
133
0
1
2
1
132
2
1
Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2002?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
28
2
2=No
105
Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2003?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
48
2
2=No
85
Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2004?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
61
2
2=No
72
Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2005?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
37
2
2=No
96
Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2006?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
130
Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2007?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
130
Q2. Ever win a ballot?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
10
2
2=No
123
Q3. Where were you born
133
0
2
4
1
1=NZ
0
2
2=Nuku'alofa
18
3
3=Rest of Tongatapu
92
4
4=Outer Islands
23
5
5=Other
0
Q4. Ever been to NZ?
126
7
1
2
1
1=Yes
46
2
2=No
80
Sysmiss
7
Q5. Month of first arrival
84
0
01
13
02
1
03
6
04
4
05
12
06
9
07
2
08
6
10
6
11
17
12
8
Q5. Year of first arrival
93
0
00
2
01
4
02
3
03
11
04
25
05
22
06
25
99
1
Q6. Religion
130
3
1
9
1
1=Church of Tonga
7
2
2=Free Wesleyan Church
49
3
3=Catholic
21
4
4=Methodist
6
5
5=Mormon
25
6
6=SDA
5
7
7=Assembly of God
3
8
8=Free Church of Tonga
9
9
9=Other
5
10
10=None
0
Sysmiss
3
Q7. Ever had a paid job/consultancy?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
132
2
2=No
1
Q8 Changed job in last 5 years?
132
1
1
2
1
1=Yes
38
2
2=No
94
Sysmiss
1
Q9 Previous Job
35
0
ADMINISTRATOR
2
BUS DRIVER
1
CANE-GIVER
1
CLEANER
6
FACTORY WORKER
1
FARM WORKER
2
HOUSE REMOVER
1
MANUFACTURING
1
MEAT PROCESSOR
1
NONE
1
OACKHOUSE
1
PACKER
1
PACKHOUSE
2
PACKHOUSE OPERATOR
1
ROAD WORK
1
SALES ASSISTANCE
3
SALES ASSISTANT
1
SALESPERSON
2
SERVICE INDUSTRY
1
SERVICE STATION ATTENDANT
1
TEACHER
1
WELDER
3
Q9 Current Job
34
0
BUILDER
1
CARE-GIVER
1
CAREGIVER
2
CHILDCARE ASSISTANCE
1
CHURCH MINISTER
1
COMMUNITY WORKER
1
FACTORY WORKER/WELDER
1
FAIR WORKER
1
FARM SUPERVISOR
2
FARM WORKER
3
FRUIT PICKER
1
HOMESTAY
1
MANUFACTURING
1
NOT WORKING
1
OWN BUSINESS
1
PACK HOUSE
1
PACKHOUSE SUPERVISOR
1
PACKING
1
RETAIL
1
RETAIL SERVICES
1
SALESPERSON
1
STUDENT
1
SUPERVISOR- PACK HOUSE
1
TEACHER - AIDE
1
TELEMARKETING
1
TUTOR
1
UNEMPLOYED
3
WELDER
1
Q10. Poor to Rich scale
133
0
5
7
5
26
6
102
7
5
Q11. Level of respect scale
133
0
4
8
4
1
5
11
6
64
7
56
8
1
Q12a. Receive $1000 today, or $900 next year?
133
0
1
1
1
1=$1000 today
133
2
2=$900 one year from today
0
Q12b. Receive $1000 today, or $1000 next year?
133
0
1
1
1
1=$1000 today
133
2
2=$1000 one year from today
0
Q12c. Receive $1000 today, or $1100 next year?
133
0
1
2
1
1=$1000 today
123
2
2=$1100 one year from today
10
Q12d. Receive $1000 today, or $1500 next year?
124
9
1
2
1
1=$1000 today
22
2
2=$1500 one year from today
102
Sysmiss
9
Q13. Would you risk taking a new uncertain job?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
74
2
2=No
59
Q14a. Receive $1000 at xmas 2014, or $900 at xmas 2015?
133
0
1
1
1
1=$1000 xmas 2014
133
2
2=$900 xmas 2015
0
Q14b. Receive $1000 at xmas 2014, or $1000 at xmas 2015?
133
0
1
2
1
1=$1000 today
132
2
2=$1000 one year from today
1
Q14c. Receive $1000 at xmas 2014, or $1100 at xmas 2015?
133
0
1
2
1
1=$1000 at xmas 2014
127
2
2=$1100 at xmas 2015
6
Q14d. Receive $1000 at xmas 2014, or $1500 at xmas 2015?
127
6
1
2
1
1=$1000 at xmas 2014
19
2
2=$1500 at xmas 2015
108
Sysmiss
6
Q15 Willingness to take risks
133
0
4
8
4
4
5
4
6
106
7
18
8
1
Q16. Believe it is possible to succeed on own, or as part of group?
133
0
1
2
1
1=It is possible to be successful on your own
107
2
2=A large group is necessary to be successful
26
Q17. Believe having money is important to being happy?
133
0
1
3
1
1=It is indispensable to being happy
45
2
2=It is very important to being happy
82
3
3=It is important to being happy
6
4
4=It is not important to being happy
0
Q18. Believe hard work pays better?
133
0
1
3
1
1=Much better off than those who do not put in an effort
44
2
2=Better off than those who do not put in an effort
86
3
3=Worse off than those who do not put in an effort
3
4
4=Much worse off than those who do not put in an effort
0
Q19. Believe Tongans trust one another?
133
0
1
2
1
1=You can trust others
91
2
2=You cannot trust others
42
Household Number
133
0
1001
1133
PAC Person 1 ID:
133
0
1
9
1
131
2
1
9
1
Q1. Chosen Business
133
0
A
9
B
6
C
30
D
32
E
27
F
16
G
5
H
8
Q2. Most important Financial Decision-making Time
133
0
A
113
B
19
D
1
Q3a. Day-to-day spending/bills
133
0
1
3
1
1. Always made by myself
3
2
2. Usually made by myself
8
3
3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga
122
4
4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga
0
5
5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga
0
Q3b. Large household purchases
133
0
2
5
1
1. Always made by myself
0
2
2. Usually made by myself
5
3
3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga
124
4
4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga
3
5
5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga
1
Q3c. Making large donations
133
0
2
5
1
1. Always made by myself
0
2
2. Usually made by myself
4
3
3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga
124
4
4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga
4
5
5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga
1
Q3d. Employment & small business activities
133
0
1
3
1
1. Always made by myself
3
2
2. Usually made by myself
10
3
3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga
120
4
4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga
0
5
5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga
0
Q3e. Savings, Investments, Borrowings
133
0
1
3
1
1. Always made by myself
3
2
2. Usually made by myself
7
3
3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga
123
4
4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga
0
5
5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga
0
Household Number
133
0
1001
1133
Person ID answering questions
133
0
1
2
1
132
2
1
Relation to PAC Applicant
133
0
1
4
1
1=Mother
30
2
2=Father
28
3
3=Sister
42
4
4=Brother
33
Other player contacted by phone?
131
2
1
2
1
109
2
22
Sysmiss
2
Q1. Frequency of communication with other player
133
0
2
5
1
1=Daily
0
2
2=Several times a week
10
3
3=Weekly
44
4
4=Once or twice a month
69
5
5=Less than monthly
10
Q2. Know how much other person earns monthly?
132
1
1
3
1
1=Yes
4
2
2=No
56
3
3=NA
72
Sysmiss
1
Q3. Other player know how much you earn monthly?
133
0
1
3
1
1=Yes
2
2
2=No
128
3
3=NA
3
Q4. How frequently do you give money to other player?
133
0
1
4
1
1=At least monthly
2
2
2=Several times a year
126
3
3=Once a year
3
4
4=Less than yearly or never
2
Q5. How frequently does other player give you money?
133
0
2
4
1
1=At least monthly
0
2
2=Several times a year
2
3
3=Once a year
0
4
4=Less than yearly or never
131
Q6. Typically consult with other player when making financial decisions?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
35
2
2=No
98
Q7. Does other player typically consult you when making financial decisions?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
90
2
2=No
43
Q8. Do you trust lending your possessions to other player?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
120
2
2=No
13
Q9a. Both own any bank accounts?
133
0
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
133
Q9b. Both own any land?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
127
2
2=No
6
Q9c. Both own any livestock?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
112
2
2=No
21
Q9d. Both own any Household business?
133
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
32
2
2=No
101
Household Number
133
0
1001
1133
Order Game played in
133
0
ABC
23
ACB
25
BAC
24
BCA
20
CAB
20
CBA
21
A.a How much of 300 will you keep?
133
0
10
200
A.b How much will you give to other player?
133
0
100
290
A.c How much will other player put into bonus pot?
133
0
50
250
A.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept?
133
0
0
200
A.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot?
133
0
20
280
A. Dice number
133
0
20
999
B.a How much of 300 will you keep?
133
0
20
200
B.b How much will you give to other player?
133
0
100
280
B.c How much will other player put into bonus pot?
132
1
10
200
B.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept?
133
0
0
180
B.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot?
133
0
0
270
B. Dice number
133
0
0
999
C. Windfall
133
0
100
500
C.a How much of the windfall will you keep?
133
0
10
400
C.b How much will you give to other player?
133
0
20
450
C.c How much will other player put into bonus pot?
133
0
10
300
C.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept?
133
0
5
150
C.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot?
133
0
10
400
C. Dice number
101
32
7
600
Household Number
258
0
11014042
42084158
Island and Village Code
258
0
1101
4208
Household Number
258
0
4001
4258
Household been in previous PINZMS?
188
70
1
2
1
1=Yes
18
2
2=No
170
Sysmiss
70
Code Number used:
1
0
'ALIPATE MAT
1
PAC Applicant's Location
255
3
1
3
1
1. New Zealand
132
2
2. Tonga
122
3
3. Other
1
Sysmiss
3
PAC Applicant Mother
197
61
1
2
1
1 = Yes
79
2
2 = No
118
Sysmiss
61
PAC Applicant Father
190
68
1
2
1
1 = Yes
56
2
2 = No
134
Sysmiss
68
PAC Applicant Sister
205
53
1
2
1
1 = Yes
105
2
2 = No
100
Sysmiss
53
PAC Applicant Brother
197
61
1
2
1
1 = Yes
73
2
2 = No
124
Sysmiss
61
PAC Applicant HHID
258
0
1001
2150
Relation to PAC Applicant
258
0
1
4
1
1=Mother
65
2
2=Father
37
3
3=Sister
89
4
4=Brother
67
Instructions left for relation?
257
1
1
2
1
1 = Yes
256
2
2 = No
1
Sysmiss
1
Day
258
0
1
29
Month
258
0
1
11
1
18
2
12
3
11
4
30
5
20
6
12
7
44
8
42
9
8
10
54
11
7
Year
258
0
2013
2014
2013
93
2014
165
Day
258
0
1
31
Month
258
0
1
12
1
11
2
7
3
12
4
10
5
31
6
31
8
43
9
15
10
80
11
7
12
11
Year
258
0
2013
2014
2013
93
2014
165
Day
258
0
1
31
Month
258
0
1
12
1
11
2
7
3
12
4
10
5
23
6
18
7
9
8
54
9
15
10
80
11
7
12
12
Year
258
0
2013
2014
2013
93
2014
165
Household Number
897
0
11014042
42084158
Person ID
897
0
1
10
1
258
2
235
3
203
4
131
5
52
6
12
7
3
8
1
9
1
10
1
Q2. Sex
897
0
1
2
1
Male
396
2
Female
501
Q3. Age
897
0
0
84
Q4. Relationship
897
0
1
9
1
Household Head
258
2
Spouse
166
3
Own/Adopted child
283
4
Son/Daughter-in-law
15
5
Parent
4
6
Parent-in-law
3
7
Brother/Sister
4
8
Grandchild
133
9
Other relative
31
10
Non-relative
0
Q5. Education
897
0
0
12
0
0=No schooling
65
1
1=Years 1 to 6 (Primary)
193
2
2=Year 7 (Form 1)
38
3
3=Year 8 (Form 2)
57
4
4=Year 9 (Form 3)
65
5
5=Year 10 (Form 4)
121
6
6=Year 11 (Lower 5)
130
7
7=Year 12 (Upper 6)
60
8
8=Year 13 (Form 7)
45
9
9=Teachers College
37
10
10=Polytechnic
11
11
11=University Degree
32
12
12=Other Qualification
43
Q6. Studying
897
0
1
2
1
Yes
309
2
No
588
Q7. NZ Experience
893
4
1
2
1
Yes
444
2
No
449
Sysmiss
4
Q8. Health
882
15
1
4
1
1=Very Good
11
2
2=Good
761
3
3=Average
107
4
4=Bad
3
5
5=Very Bad
0
Sysmiss
15
Q9. Physical Activity
846
51
0
6
0
97
1
99
2
120
3
30
4
48
5
20
6
432
Sysmiss
51
Q10. Weekly income - past 12 months
546
351
0
580
Q11. Activity
423
474
1
3
1
1=yes
217
2
2=no
201
3
3=temporary work overseas
5
Sysmiss
474
Q12. Employer
217
680
1
4
1
Paid Employee
198
2
Employer
4
3
Self-employed and without employees
14
4
Unpaid family family worker
1
5
Don't know
0
Sysmiss
680
Q13. Total earnings last WEEK
216
681
50
610
Household Number
258
0
11014042
42084158
Tinned Fish
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
33
2
2=No
225
Meals
33
225
1
2
1
27
2
6
Sysmiss
225
Fresh Fish
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
65
2
2=No
193
Meals
65
193
1
2
1
13
2
52
Sysmiss
193
Corned Beef
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
16
2
2=No
242
Meals
16
242
1
2
1
10
2
6
Sysmiss
242
Fresh Beef
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
5
2
2=No
253
Meals
5
253
1
2
1
1
2
4
Sysmiss
253
Mutton
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
12
2
2=No
246
Meals
12
246
1
2
1
5
2
7
Sysmiss
246
Pork
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
41
2
2=No
217
Meals
42
216
0
2
0
1
1
6
2
35
Sysmiss
216
Chicken
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
83
2
2=No
175
Meals
83
175
0
2
0
1
1
32
2
50
Sysmiss
175
Other Meat (eg Sausage)
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
9
2
2=No
249
Meals
10
248
0
2
0
1
2
9
Sysmiss
248
Taro
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
12
2
2=No
246
Meals
13
245
0
2
0
1
1
3
2
9
Sysmiss
245
Taro Taruas
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
43
2
2=No
215
Meals
43
215
0
2
0
1
1
15
2
27
Sysmiss
215
Kumara (Sweet Potato)
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
49
2
2=No
209
Meals
49
209
1
2
1
8
2
41
Sysmiss
209
Taamu/Kape
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
40
2
2=No
218
Meals
40
218
1
2
1
7
2
33
Sysmiss
218
Yams
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
22
2
2=No
236
Meals
22
236
1
2
1
6
2
16
Sysmiss
236
Cassava/Manioc
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
135
2
2=No
123
Meals
134
124
1
2
1
48
2
86
Sysmiss
124
Potato
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
5
2
2=No
253
Meals
5
253
2
2
2
5
Sysmiss
253
Other Vegetables
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
87
2
2=No
171
Meals
87
171
1
2
1
25
2
62
Sysmiss
171
Coconut (fresh and dry)
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
197
2
2=No
61
Meals
196
62
1
2
1
64
2
132
Sysmiss
62
Banana
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
139
2
2=No
119
Meals
138
120
1
2
1
48
2
90
Sysmiss
120
Guava
258
0
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
258
Meals
0
258
Sysmiss
258
Pawpaw
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
9
2
2=No
249
Meals
9
249
1
2
1
3
2
6
Sysmiss
249
Mango
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
13
2
2=No
245
Meals
13
245
2
2
2
13
Sysmiss
245
Other Fruit
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
103
2
2=No
155
Meals
103
155
1
3
1
9
2
93
3
1
Sysmiss
155
Bread
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
152
2
2=No
106
Meals
151
107
1
2
1
137
2
14
Sysmiss
107
Rice
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
37
2
2=No
221
Meals
37
221
1
2
1
33
2
4
Sysmiss
221
Milk
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
72
2
2=No
186
Meals
71
187
1
2
1
68
2
3
Sysmiss
187
Takeaways
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
30
2
2=No
228
Meals
30
228
1
1
1
30
Sysmiss
228
Sweets/chocolates/lollies
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
43
2
2=No
215
Softdrinks
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
143
2
2=No
115
Tea
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
217
2
2=No
41
Alcohol
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
255
Household Number
258
0
11014042
42084158
Mobile (cell) phone - 400
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
78
2
2=No
180
Cameras - 401
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
41
2
2=No
217
Radios/Cassette players/Stereos - 402
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
242
2
2=No
16
Television sets - 403
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
191
2
2=No
67
Video recorder - 404
258
0
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
258
DVD player - 405
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
6
2
2=No
252
Computer - 406
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
35
2
2=No
223
Refrigerator - 407
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
95
2
2=No
163
Freezer - 408
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
4
2
2=No
254
Gas or electric oven - 409
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
136
2
2=No
122
Kerosene cooker - 410
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
103
2
2=No
155
Microwave oven - 411
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
10
2
2=No
248
Washing machine - 412
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
78
2
2=No
180
Sewing machines - 414
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
109
2
2=No
149
Electric iron - 415
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
232
2
2=No
26
Electric fan - 416
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
64
2
2=No
194
Generators - 417
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
2
2
2=No
256
Canoes or dinghies - 418
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
25
2
2=No
233
Outboard motors - 420
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
6
2
2=No
252
Bicycles - 421
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
180
2
2=No
78
Motorcycles - 422
258
0
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
258
Cars or pickup trucks - 423
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
142
2
2=No
116
Forestry Equipment - 424
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
137
2
2=No
121
Tractors - 425
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
7
2
2=No
251
Pigs
258
0
0
23
Chickens
258
0
0
18
0
42
2
7
3
1
4
19
5
2
6
43
8
64
10
20
11
28
12
7
13
9
14
5
15
10
18
1
Cattle
258
0
0
6
0
134
1
23
2
67
3
19
4
9
6
6
Goats
258
0
0
3
0
257
3
1
Horses
258
0
0
2
0
199
1
51
2
8
Sheep
258
0
0
8
0
257
8
1
Q3_A. Anyone have bank account?
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
249
2
2=No
9
Q3_A. Owner count
248
10
1
4
1
160
2
83
3
4
4
1
Sysmiss
10
Q3_B. Anyone have eftpos card?
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
249
2
2=No
9
Q3_B. Owner count
248
10
1
4
1
161
2
82
3
4
4
1
Sysmiss
10
Q3_C. Anyone have savings account?
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
250
2
2=No
8
Q3_C. Owner count
249
9
1
4
1
162
2
82
3
4
4
1
Sysmiss
9
Q3_D. Anyone have credit card
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
1
2
2=No
257
Q3_D. Owner count
1
257
1
1
1
1
Sysmiss
257
Q3_E. Anyone have a microfinance loan?
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
87
2
2=No
171
Q3_E. Owner count
86
172
1
2
1
72
2
14
Sysmiss
172
Q3_F. Anyone have loan from a moneylender?
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
19
2
2=No
239
Q3_F. Owner count
18
240
1
2
1
15
2
3
Sysmiss
240
Q4. Approximate total of all household savings
258
0
0
15500
Q5. Approximate total of all household debts owed
258
0
0
348000
Q6. Approximate value of all household assets
258
0
300
50000
Q7. Main form of distance communication
250
8
1
8
1
Fixed-line telephone
141
2
Mobile (cell) phone
69
3
Public telephone/call centre
21
4
Internet/email within dwelling
2
5
Outside internet/email
1
6
Letter or telegram
5
7
Other
9
8
None, do not communicate long distance
2
Sysmiss
8
Q8. Number of vehicles in household
258
0
0
2
0
113
1
129
2
16
Q9. Any dwelling additions/improvements?
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
137
2
2=No
121
Household Number
872
0
11014042
42084158
Q2a. Code
872
0
501
510
501
421
502
15
503
13
504
23
505
247
506
47
507
20
508
15
509
39
510
32
Q2b. Country of residence
872
0
1
3
1
1=New Zealand
581
2
2=Australia
161
3
3=USA
130
4
4=Other
0
Q2c. Sex of remitter
872
0
1
2
1
1=Male
372
2
2=Female
500
Q2d. Age of remitter
871
1
23
73
Q3. Month of Remittance
872
0
1
12
1
114
2
14
3
50
4
2
5
160
6
74
7
50
8
30
9
78
10
25
11
83
12
192
Q4. Total value of money received
867
5
0
1500
Q5. Method of Remittance
865
7
1
7
1
1=Western Union
139
2
2=Melie mei Langi
466
3
3=ATM or remittance card
0
4
4=Mobile money
0
5
5=Bank transfer
5
6
6=Carried cash
192
7
7=Other (specify)
63
Sysmiss
7
Q5_other
46
0
MONEYGRAM
46
Q6. Total value of goods received
850
22
0
1500
Q7. Any received for special purposes?
869
3
1
2
1
Yes
272
2
No
597
Sysmiss
3
Q8a. Purpose 1
272
0
1
25
2
1
3
1
4
87
6
14
7
143
8
1
Q8b. Purpose 2
0
0
Q8c. Purpose 3
0
0
Household Number
72
0
11014061
42084158
Q2a. Code
72
0
501
510
501
39
503
3
504
2
505
20
506
5
509
1
510
2
Q2b. Country of residence
72
0
1
3
1
1=New Zealand
54
2
2=Australia
10
3
3=USA
8
4
4=Other
0
Q2c. Sex of recipient
72
0
1
2
1
1=Male
26
2
2=Female
46
Q2d. Age of recipient
72
0
25
70
Q3. Month of Sending Remittance
72
0
1
12
1
8
2
1
3
3
4
2
5
6
6
7
7
6
11
4
12
35
Q4. Total value of money sent
68
4
0
0
0
68
Sysmiss
4
Q5. Method of Remittance
42
30
3
6
1
1=Western Union
0
2
2=Melie mei Langi
0
3
3=ATM or remittance card
1
4
4=Mobile money
1
5
5=Bank transfer
0
6
6=Carried cash
40
7
7=Other (specify)
0
Sysmiss
30
Q5_other
1
0
350
1
Q6. Total value of goods sent
72
0
2
850
Q7. Any sent for special purposes?
71
1
1
2
1
Yes
22
2
No
49
Sysmiss
1
Q8a. Purpose 1
22
0
1
4
2
6
6
10
7
1
8
1
Q8b. Purpose 2
0
0
Q8c. Purpose 3
0
0
Household Number
258
0
11014042
42084158
Q1a. Weekly spending on home groceries
258
0
10
250
Q1b. Weekly spending on eating out
241
17
0
100
Q1c. Weekly spending on other daily needs
255
3
2
50
Q2a. Monthly spending on housing
256
2
2
30
Q2b. Monthly spending on fuel/light
255
3
0
210
Q2c. Monthly spending on non-durable h/hold goods
118
140
0
20
0
114
10
3
20
1
Sysmiss
140
Q2d. Monthly spending on health needs
178
80
0
30
Q2e. Monthly spending on running vehicle
197
61
0
400
Q2f. Monthly spending on communication
256
2
0
120
Q2g. Monthly spending on recreation/entertainment
155
103
0
100
Q2h. Monthly spending on community obligations
254
4
0
1000
Q2i. Monthly spending on interest payments
169
89
0
715
Q2j. Monthly spending on gambling
122
136
0
0
0
122
Sysmiss
136
Q3a. Past 6 months spending on clothing/footwear
233
25
0
300
Q3b. Past 6 months spending on education
216
42
0
450
Q3c. Past 6 months spending on electronic goods
125
133
0
650
Q3d. Past 6 months spending on household furnishings
128
130
0
800
Q3e. Past 6 months spending on household applicances
145
113
0
850
Q3f. Past 6 months spending on own business investments
165
93
0
12500
Q3g. Past 6 months spending on family and friends
141
117
0
500
Q4. Domestic transfers received?
258
0
0
500
Q5. Domestic transfers given out?
258
0
0
300
Household Number
258
0
11014042
42084158
Q1. Months selling fish last 12 months
258
0
0
5
0
235
2
6
3
8
4
6
5
3
Q2. Average net monthly income from fish last 12 months
23
235
150
500
Q3. Months sold crops in Tonga in last 12 months
258
0
0
8
0
205
1
1
2
1
3
19
4
12
5
9
6
8
8
3
Q4. Average net monthly income from crops in last 12 months
54
204
0
800
Q5. Months sold livestock in Tonga in last 12 months
258
0
0
4
0
102
1
39
2
91
3
24
4
2
Q6. Average net monthly income from livestock in last 12 months
156
102
100
1500
Q7. Months selling tapa clothes or mats in last 12 months
258
0
0
6
0
124
1
82
2
41
3
5
4
3
5
2
6
1
Q8. Average net monthly income from tapa clothes or mats in last 12 months
134
124
200
10000
Q9. Fortnight pension/superannuation/investments etc
257
1
0
0
0
257
Sysmiss
1
Q10.01 Banana
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
99
2
2=No
159
Quantity
99
159
1
2
1
98
2
1
Sysmiss
159
Unit
99
0
BUNCH
98
BUNDLES
1
Value
99
159
10
20
10
53
15
34
20
12
Sysmiss
159
Q10.02 Breadfruit
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
103
2
2=No
155
Quantity
103
155
1
2
1
102
2
1
Sysmiss
155
Unit
103
0
BASKET
85
BUNCH
1
HEAP
16
UNIT
1
Value
103
155
5
156
Q10.03 Coconut
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
247
2
2=No
11
Quantity
247
11
1
1
1
247
Sysmiss
11
Unit
247
0
BASKET
245
BUNCH
1
NASKET
1
Value
247
11
10
1510
Q10.04 Mango
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
7
2
2=No
251
Quantity
7
251
1
1
1
7
Sysmiss
251
Unit
7
0
BASKET
6
HEAP
1
Value
7
251
10
20
10
1
20
6
Sysmiss
251
Q10.05 Pawpaw
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
21
2
2=No
237
Quantity
21
237
1
3
1
20
3
1
Sysmiss
237
Unit
21
0
BASKET
14
HEAP
6
UNIT
1
Value
21
237
5
15
5
3
10
15
15
3
Sysmiss
237
Q10.06 Pineapple
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
4
2
2=No
254
Quantity
4
254
1
1
1
4
Sysmiss
254
Unit
4
0
HEAP
4
Value
4
254
10
10
10
4
Sysmiss
254
Q10.07 American Taro
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
39
2
2=No
219
Quantity
39
219
1
1
1
39
Sysmiss
219
Unit
39
0
BASKET
33
BUNDLE
6
Value
39
219
20
30
20
33
30
6
Sysmiss
219
Q10.08 Common Taro
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
49
2
2=No
209
Quantity
49
209
1
1
1
49
Sysmiss
209
Unit
49
0
BASKET
7
BUNDLE
41
bundle
1
Value
49
209
15
30
15
1
20
24
30
24
Sysmiss
209
Q10.09 Taamu/Kape
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
59
2
2=No
199
Quantity
59
199
1
10
1
2
2
7
4
18
6
25
8
4
10
3
Sysmiss
199
Unit
58
0
PIECES
1
UNIT
2
UNITS
55
Value
59
199
10
60
Q10.10 Cassava/Manioc
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
155
2
2=No
103
Quantity
155
103
1
1
1
155
Sysmiss
103
Unit
155
0
BASKET
155
Value
155
103
10
20
10
4
15
110
20
41
Sysmiss
103
Q10.11 Yam
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
20
2
2=No
238
Quantity
20
238
1
2
1
18
2
2
Sysmiss
238
Unit
20
0
BASKET
20
Value
20
238
30
200
Q10.12 Sweet Potato/Kumala
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
31
2
2=No
227
Quantity
31
227
1
1
1
31
Sysmiss
227
Unit
31
0
BASKET
31
Value
31
227
10
20
10
1
15
2
20
28
Sysmiss
227
Q10.13 Cabbage
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
110
2
2=No
148
Quantity
110
148
1
2
1
106
2
4
Sysmiss
148
Unit
110
0
HEAP
105
HEAPS
4
PILE
1
Value
110
148
5
20
5
10
10
97
15
1
20
2
Sysmiss
148
Q10.14 Squash, tomatoes, other veges
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
28
2
2=No
230
Quantity
28
230
1
2
1
27
2
1
Sysmiss
230
Unit
28
0
HEAP
28
Value
28
230
10
20
10
25
15
1
20
2
Sysmiss
230
Q10.15 Eggs
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
3
2
2=No
255
Quantity
3
255
1
1
1
3
Sysmiss
255
Unit
3
0
TRAY
3
Value
3
255
15
16
15
2
16
1
Sysmiss
255
Q10.16 Fish, crab, seafood
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
127
2
2=No
131
Quantity
127
0
001
79
002
1
1
46
2
1
Unit
127
0
ESKY
118
STRING
7
TRAY
1
UNIT
1
Value
127
131
10
100
Q10.17 Chicken
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
130
2
2=No
128
Quantity
130
128
1
6
1
76
2
49
3
3
4
1
6
1
Sysmiss
128
Unit
127
0
ESKY
1
UNIT
71
UNITS
54
WHOLE
1
Value
130
128
10
60
Q10.18 Pig
258
0
1
2
1
1=Yes
38
2
2=No
220
Quantity
38
220
1
4
1
11
2
24
3
1
4
2
Sysmiss
220
Unit
38
0
UNIT
9
UNITS
28
WHOLE PIG
1
Value
38
220
60
400
Q10.19 Beef
258
0
2
2
1
1=Yes
0
2
2=No
258
Quantity
0
258
Sysmiss
258
Unit
0
0
Value
0
258
Sysmiss
258
Household Number
258
0
11014042
42084158
Q1. RSE Person 1 ID:
258
0
1
7
1
224
2
29
3
4
7
1
Q1A. Chosen Business
258
0
A
23
B
27
C
46
D
65
E
47
F
28
G
12
H
10
Q2. Most important Financial Decision-making Time
258
0
A
215
B
43
Q3a. Day-to-day spending/bills
258
0
1
5
1
1. Always made by myself
2
2
2. Usually made by myself
35
3
3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga
219
4
4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga
0
5
5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga
2
Q3b. Large household purchases
258
0
2
5
1
1. Always made by myself
0
2
2. Usually made by myself
13
3
3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga
123
4
4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga
10
5
5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga
112
Q3c. Making large donations
258
0
2
5
1
1. Always made by myself
0
2
2. Usually made by myself
10
3
3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga
115
4
4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga
10
5
5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga
123
Q3d. Employment & small business activities
258
0
1
5
1
1. Always made by myself
1
2
2. Usually made by myself
47
3
3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga
200
4
4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga
8
5
5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga
2
Q3e. Savings, Investments, Borrowings
258
0
1
5
1
1. Always made by myself
2
2
2. Usually made by myself
36
3
3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga
208
4
4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga
6
5
5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga
6