The 1994 Population and Housing Census of EthiopiaDDI_ETH_1994_PHC_v01_M_v7.6_A_IPUMSIPUMS
Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) International
IPUMSApril 1, 2025IPUMS, 50 Willey Hall, 225 - 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55455Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, Development Co-operation DirectorateJADE#:60525;MEHLB(2010)12IPUMSVersion 7.6 October 2025 : NEW FEATURES.
--NO "new features" listed in Revision History
NEW SAMPLES.
--Six new census samples for Honduras (2013), Kenya (2019), Malawi (2018), Mongolia (2010, 2020), and Mozambique (2017) were added to the data series. All census samples extend pre-existing series for those countries.
--91 quarterly labor force surveys from the Philippines (1997 - 2019) were added to IPUMS.
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA.
--No "supplemental data" listed in revision history
NEW VARIABLES.
--New spatially harmonized birthplace and previous-residence variables are available for samples in this data release. More information is available here (https://international.ipums.org/international/geo_mig.shtml).
--Users should note that many older migration and birthplace variables are available by different names. Refer to this table for a crosswalk of old and corresponding new migration variables. For birthplace variables refer to this table (https://international.ipums.org/international/resources/misc_docs/migCrosswalk_names.pdf).
EDITED SAMPLES.
--For the Zambia 2000 sample, an error in the household breaks was corrected, resulting in the creation of 1,988 new households (1% increase) that were previously combined with other households. The person records included in the sample did not change. Due to an inconsistency in the original file, no household-level information other than geographic location is available for these newly identified households, necessitating the addition of "unknown" values for this sample to the following variables: BEDROOMS, ELECTRIC, FLOOR, FUELCOOK, FUELHEAT, OWNERSHIP, PHONE, RADIO, REFRIG, ROOMS, SEWAGE, TRASH, WATSRC, TV, TOILET, GQ, ROOF, WATSUP, BIKE, MOTORCYCLE, KITCHEN, GQTYPE, AUTOS, and WALL.
EDITED VARIABLES.
--For the 1998 and 2008 Malawi samples, the family interrelationship pointer variables MOMLOC and POPLOC were modified to allow a "Spouse/partner" of the household head to be linked as a parent to an "Other relative", because the enumeration instructions specify that adopted and stepchildren were categorized as "Other relative". These samples are now consistent with the links made in the newly released 2018 Malawi sample, which had the same enumeration instructions for adopted and stepchildren.
--In the samples for Côte d'Ivoire 1988 and 1998, Rwanda 1991 and 2002, Togo 1960 and 2010, and South Africa 2001, for the harmonized variable POLYGAM, persons in consensual unions were previously coded as "No, in monogamous union". Because there was no response option in these samples for polygamous consensual unions, it is more appropriate to treat these cases as not-in-universe, so they have been recoded to "NIU (not in universe)".
--MARST has been edited for Honduras 1974 to reclassify the source variable responses "married, wife lives separately" and "consensual union, companion lives separately" as separations. The documentation suggests that "separately" actually indicates a relationship separation and not an absent spouse or companion. Other minor edits were implemented for MARST for Mozambique 1997 and 2007.
--In the Mozambique 1997 sample, an error was corrected that recoded persons with a relationship of "Unknown" in the source data to "Other relative or non-relative" (6000) in the harmonized variable RELATE. These persons are now coded as "Not Stated/Unknown" (9999).
--In the Malawi 1987, 1998, and 2008 samples, for variable WATSUP, a programming error was corrected such that any households who reported having piped water in either the wet or the dry season are classified as having access to piped water. This programming was also applied to the newly released 2018 sample.
--The NATIVITY variable has been edited in the Chile 2017 sample to correct a programming error that mistakenly classified as foreign-born about 20 thousand person records that were actually native-born.
--The MIGRATE5 variable has been edited in the Chile 2017 sample, given a programming error that classified most migrants as having changed their major geographic unit. The MIGRATE5 variable for the Chile 1982 and 1992 samples has been edited to use spatially harmonized geographic units to calculate migration status.
--In the 1989, 1999, and 2009 Kenya samples, households who indicated that their lighting type or fuel was "Solar" were recoded from "No" to "Yes" in ELECTRIC, based on secondary sources documenting the spread of home solar energy systems in Kenya beginning in the mid-1980s. In the 1989 and 1999 Kenya samples, programming was removed that previously recoded households that reported using electricity as their main cooking fuel to "Yes" in the access to electricity variable ELECTRIC, making it more consistent across samples. Other minor edits were implemented for ELECTRIC in Botswana 2011, Ethiopia 1984 and 1994, Mongolia 1989, Mozambique 2007.
--Some samples in DISCARE classified responses indicating "some" difficulty into "yes". These cases were revised to consistently include in "yes" only responses indicating "a lot of difficulty" or "cannot do at all".
--Some codes were improperly labeled for municipalities in Honduras 1961 and 1974, which affect variables on place of residence, birthplace, and previous residence.
The 1994 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia - IPUMS SubsetPHC et1994a (IPUMS Harmonized Subset)ETH_1994_PHC_v01_M_v7.6_A_IPUMSCentral Statistical AgencyIPUMS(c) Copyright 1994, Central Statistical Agency and Minnesota Population CenterCentral Statistical AgencyPopulation and Housing Census [hh/popcen]IPUMS InternationalDOI:10.18128/D020.V7.6Version 7.6. The datasets contain selected variables from the original microdata plus harmonized variables from the IPUMS-International database.Demographic Variables -- PERSONDwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDGeography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLDFertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONWork Variables -- PERSONTechnical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDGeography: IPUMS-I, IPUMS-DHS Variables -- HOUSEHOLDDisability Variables -- PERSONEducation Variables -- PERSONConstructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONUtilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDGeography: A-E Variables -- HOUSEHOLDGroup Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLDConstructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDMigration: Global Variables -- PERSONEthnicity and Language Variables -- PERSONHousehold Economic Variables -- HOUSEHOLDTechnical Person Variables -- PERSONAppliances, Mechanicals, Other Amenities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDDwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDAppliances, Mechanicals, Other Amenities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDGroup Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLDGeography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLDUtilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDTechnical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDConstructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONEducation Variables -- PERSONTechnical Person Variables -- PERSONGeography: A-E Variables -- HOUSEHOLDOther Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDConstructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDHousehold Economic Variables -- HOUSEHOLDDemographic Variables -- PERSONEthnicity and Language Variables -- PERSONMigration: Global Variables -- PERSONDisability Variables -- PERSONWork Variables -- PERSONWork: Occupation Variables -- PERSONWork: Industry Variables -- PERSONFertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONOctober 10, 1994 for all regions except Afar and Somali. Afar was enumerated July 22, 1996 and Somali was enumerated September 11, 1997Completed within 10 days in most areasEthiopiaWeredaPersons, households, and dwellings
UNITS IDENTIFIED:
- Dwellings: yes
- Vacant Units: No
- Households: yes
- Individuals: yes
- Group quarters: yes
UNIT DESCRIPTIONS:
- Dwellings: A housing unit is a separate and independent part of the whole of a building or a group of buildings used or intended to be used for habitation by a household, or if not so, used or intended to be used for a combination of habitation and commercial activity, or commercial activity only.
- Households: A group of persons who live in the same housing unit or in connected premises and have common arrangements for cooking and eating their food. A household could consist of a single person, but usually, it consists of a husband, his wife, his children, relatives and non-relatives. The non-relatives could be friends, servants, employees, etc. As long as household members have the same arrangement for food it includes servants and guards, too.
- Group quarters: Premises (housing units, buildings, or compounds) in which a number of unrelated or related persons reside together, and share common facilities. It includes hotels, hostels, boarding schools, orphanages, homes for the elderly, children's homes, prisons, military barracks, monasteries, work camps, rehabilitation centers, etc. It is important to note that in the premises of some collective quarters there may be private households.All housing units and households; all individuals who passed the night of the census date in the dwelling Population and Housing Census [hh/popcen]Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: Ethiopia 1994
MICRODATA SOURCE: Central Statistical Agency
SAMPLE SIZE (person records): 5044598.
SAMPLE DESIGN: Systematic 1-in-2 sample drawn by the Minnesota Population Center from the original 20% sample for all regions except Somali and Affar, which were sampled at lower densities.
Face-to-face [f2f]Four census questionnaires were used, a short and long form in rural areas and a short and long form in urban areas. The long questionnaire was completed for a sample of households, and for all hotels/hostels and other collective quarters. In each EA except those in Afar and Somali (where the residents are predominantly nomadic) 1 in 5 households were systematically selected for the long questionnaire. In Afar and Somali regions 1 in 20 sample households were selected for the long questionnaires. Urban forms collected more details on housing unit characteristics.de jure, CENSUS DAY: October 10, 1994 for all regions except Afar and Somali. Afar was enumerated July 22, 1996 and Somali was enumerated September 11, 1997Weights computed by MPC should be used for most types of analysis.IPUMS International distributes integrated microdata of individuals and households only by agreement of collaborating national statistical offices and under the strictest of confidence. Before data may be distributed to an individual researcher, an electronic license agreement must be signed and approved.
To gain access to the data, a researcher must agree to the following:
(1) Implement security measures to prevent unauthorized access to census microdata. Under IPUMS International agreements with collaborating agencies, redistribution of the data to third parties is prohibited.
(2) Use the microdata for the exclusive purposes of scholarly research and education. Researchers must explicitly agree to not use microdata acquired for any commercial or income-generating venture.
(3) Maintain the confidentiality of persons, households, and other entities. Any attempt to ascertain the identity of persons or households from the microdata is prohibited. Alleging that a person or household has been identified is also prohibited.
(4) Report all publications based on these data to IPUMS International, which will in turn pass the information on to the relevant national statistical agencies.
Once a project is approved, a password is issued and data may be acquired through the Internet. Penalties for violating the license include: revocation of the license, recall of all microdata acquired, filing of a motion of censure to the appropriate professional organizations, and civil prosecution under the relevant national or international statutes.
These safeguards mirror the principles from the Joint ECE/Eurostat Work Session on Statistical Data Confidentiality. Employees of the Minnesota Population Center who work with the census microdata to produce the harmonized database also sign agreements to respect the confidentiality of the data.
IPUMS International works with each country's statistical office to minimize the risk of disclosure of respondent information. The details of the confidentiality protections vary across countries, but in all cases, names and detailed geographic information are suppressed and top-codes are imposed on variables such as income that might identify specific persons. In addition, IPUMS International uses a variety of technical procedures to enhance confidentiality protection. These include the following:
(1) Swapping an undisclosed fraction of records from one administrative district to another to make positive identification of individuals impossible.
(2) Randomizing the placement of households within districts to disguise the order in which individuals were enumerated or the data processed.
(3) Aggregating codes of sensitive characteristics (e.g., grouping together very small ethnic categories)
(4) Top- and bottom-coding continuous variables to prevent identification of extreme cases.
The safety record for public-use census microdata is apparently perfect. In almost four decades of use, there has not been a single verified breach of statistical confidentiality. The measures implemented by the IPUMS International are designed to extend this record.Central Statistical AgencySteven Ruggles, Lara Cleveland, Rodrigo Lovaton, Sula Sarkar, Matthew Sobek, Derek Burk, Dan Ehrlich, Quinn Heimann, Jane Lee, and Nate Merrill. Integrated Public Use Microdata Series, International: Version 7.6 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS, 2025. https://doi.org/10.18128/D020.V7.6
Researchers should also acknowledge the statistical agency that originally produced the data: Ethiopia, Central Statistical Agency. The 1994 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia
The licensing agreement for use of IPUMS International data requires that users supply IPUMS International with the title and full citation for any publications, research reports, or educational materials making use of the data or documentation.
Copies of such materials are also gratefully received at ipums@umn.edu.
Printed matter should be sent to:
IPUMS International
Minnesota Population Center
University of Minnesota
50 Willey Hall
225 19th Avenue South
Minneapolis, MN 55455
An adapted version of the dataset, harmonized for international comparability, is available from IPUMS International (https://international.ipums.org/international/) under the following conditions:
IPUMS International distributes integrated microdata of individuals and households only by agreement of collaborating national statistical offices and under the strictest of confidence. Before data may be distributed to an individual researcher, an electronic license agreement must be signed and approved. To gain access to the data, a researcher must agree to the following:
(1) Implement security measures to prevent unauthorized access to census microdata. Under IPUMS International agreements with collaborating agencies, redistribution of the data to third parties is prohibited.
(2) Use the microdata for the exclusive purposes of scholarly research and education. Researchers must explicitly agree to not use microdata acquired for any commercial or income-generating venture.
(3) Maintain the confidentiality of persons, households, and other entities. Any attempt to ascertain the identity of persons or households from the microdata is prohibited. Alleging that a person or household has been identified is also prohibited.
(4) Report all publications based on these data to IPUMS International, which will in turn pass the information on to the relevant national statistical agencies.
Once a project is approved, a password is issued and data may be acquired through the Internet. Penalties for violating the license include: revocation of the license, recall of all microdata acquired, filing of a motion of censure to the appropriate professional organizations, and civil prosecution under the relevant national or international statutes.
These safeguards mirror the principles from the Joint ECE/Eurostat Work Session on Statistical Data Confidentiality. Employees of the Minnesota Population Center who work with the census microdata to produce the harmonized database also sign agreements to respect the confidentiality of the data.
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.User-provided description: DOI:10.18128/D020.V7.6 Extract for et1994a, 2025ETH1994_PHC-H-H.datHousehold records1,103,553asciiMinnesota Population CenterVersion 7.5, IPUMS sampleETH1994_PHC-P-H.datPerson records5044598asciiMinnesota Population CenterVersion 7.5, IPUMS sampleRecord typeRECTYPE identifies the type of record for the case: household or person.
NOTE: RECTYPE is an alphabetic (character string) variable with a value of 'H' for household records and 'P' for person records. RECTYPE will not appear as a variable in the default rectangular extracts produced by the data extract system. It is only available in hierarchical extracts, to distinguish between the two record types.HHouseholdPPersonTechnical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDCountryCOUNTRY gives the country from which the sample was drawn. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization).032Argentina051Armenia040Austria050Bangladesh112Belarus204Benin068Bolivia072Botswana076Brazil854Burkina Faso116Cambodia120Cameroon124Canada152Chile156China170Colombia188Costa Rica192Cuba208Denmark214Dominican Republic218Ecuador818Egypt222El Salvador231Ethiopia242Fiji246Finland250France276Germany288Ghana300Greece320Guatemala324Guinea332Haiti340Honduras348Hungary352Iceland356India360Indonesia364Iran368Iraq372Ireland376Israel380Italy384Côte d'Ivoire388Jamaica400Jordan404Kenya417Kyrgyz Republic418Laos426Lesotho430Liberia454Malawi458Malaysia466Mali480Mauritius484Mexico496Mongolia504Morocco508Mozambique104Myanmar524Nepal528Netherlands558Nicaragua566Nigeria578Norway586Pakistan275Palestine591Panama598Papua New Guinea600Paraguay604Peru608Philippines616Poland620Portugal630Puerto Rico642Romania643Russia646Rwanda662Saint Lucia686Senegal694Sierra Leone703Slovak Republic705Slovenia710South Africa728South Sudan724Spain729Sudan740Suriname752Sweden756Switzerland834Tanzania764Thailand768Togo780Trinidad and Tobago792Turkey800Uganda804Ukraine826United Kingdom840United States858Uruguay862Venezuela704Vietnam894Zambia716ZimbabweTechnical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDYearYEAR gives the year in which the census or survey was taken. For samples that span years, the midpoint or first year of the interval is reported.170317031729172917871787180118011819181918451845184818481850185018511851185218521860186018611861186518651868186818701870187118711875187518801880188118811885188518901890189118911900190019011901191019101911191119601960196119611962196219631963196419641966196619681968196919691970197019711971197219721973197319741974197519751976197619771977197819781979197919801980198119811982198219831983198419841985198519861986198719871989198919901990199119911992199219931993199419941995199519961996199719971998199819991999200020002001200120022002200320032004200420052005200620062007200720082008200920092010201020112011201220122013201320142014201520152016201620172017201820182019201920202020Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDIPUMS sample identifierSAMPLE identifies the IPUMS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 9-digit code. The code is structured as follows:
The first 3 digits are the ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY
The next 4 digits are the year of the census/survey
The final 2 digits identify the sample within the year. For the last two digits, censuses or large census-like surveys have a value "0" (e.g, 01) in the second-to-last digit, household surveys have a value of "2" (e.g., 21), and employment surveys have a value of "4" (e.g., 41).
032197001Argentina 1970032198001Argentina 1980032199101Argentina 1991032200101Argentina 2001032201001Argentina 2010051200101Armenia 2001051201101Armenia 2011040197101Austria 1971040198101Austria 1981040199101Austria 1991040200101Austria 2001040201101Austria 2011050199101Bangladesh 1991050200101Bangladesh 2001050201101Bangladesh 2011112199901Belarus 1999112200901Belarus 2009204197901Benin 1979204199201Benin 1992204200201Benin 2002204201301Benin 2013068197601Bolivia 1976068199201Bolivia 1992068200101Bolivia 2001068201201Bolivia 2012072198101Botswana 1981072199101Botswana 1991072200101Botswana 2001072201101Botswana 2011076196001Brazil 1960076197001Brazil 1970076198001Brazil 1980076199101Brazil 1991076200001Brazil 2000076201001Brazil 2010854198501Burkina Faso 1985854199601Burkina Faso 1996854200601Burkina Faso 2006116199801Cambodia 1998116200401Cambodia 2004116200801Cambodia 2008116201301Cambodia 2013116201901Cambodia 2019120197601Cameroon 1976120198701Cameroon 1987120200501Cameroon 2005124185201Canada 1852124187101Canada 1871124188101Canada 1881124189101Canada 1891124190101Canada 1901124191101Canada 1911124197101Canada 1971124198101Canada 1981124199101Canada 1991124200101Canada 2001124201101Canada 2011152196001Chile 1960152197001Chile 1970152198201Chile 1982152199201Chile 1992152200201Chile 2002152201701Chile 2017156198201China 1982156199001China 1990156200001China 2000170196401Colombia 1964170197301Colombia 1973170198501Colombia 1985170199301Colombia 1993170200501Colombia 2005188196301Costa Rica 1963188197301Costa Rica 1973188198401Costa Rica 1984188200001Costa Rica 2000188201101Costa Rica 2011192200201Cuba 2002192201201Cuba 2012208178701Denmark 1787208180101Denmark 1801208184501Denmark 1845208188001Denmark 1880208188501Denmark 1885214196001Dominican Republic 1960214197001Dominican Republic 1970214198101Dominican Republic 1981214200201Dominican Republic 2002214201001Dominican Republic 2010218196201Ecuador 1962218197401Ecuador 1974218198201Ecuador 1982218199001Ecuador 1990218200101Ecuador 2001218201001Ecuador 2010818184801Egypt 1848818186801Egypt 1868818198601Egypt 1986818199601Egypt 1996818200601Egypt 2006222199201El Salvador 1992222200701El Salvador 2007231198401Ethiopia 1984231199401Ethiopia 1994231200701Ethiopia 2007242196601Fiji 1966242197601Fiji 1976242198601Fiji 1986242199601Fiji 1996242200701Fiji 2007242201401Fiji 2014246201001Finland 2010250196201France 1962250196801France 1968250197501France 1975250198201France 1982250199001France 1990250199901France 1999250200601France 2006250201101France 2011276181901Germany 1819 (Mecklenburg)276197001Germany 1970 (West)276197101Germany 1971 (East)276198101Germany 1981 (East)276198701Germany 1987 (West)288198401Ghana 1984288200001Ghana 2000288201001Ghana 2010300197101Greece 1971300198101Greece 1981300199101Greece 1991300200101Greece 2001300201101Greece 2011320196401Guatemala 1964320197301Guatemala 1973320198101Guatemala 1981320199401Guatemala 1994320200201Guatemala 2002324198301Guinea 1983324199601Guinea 1996324201401Guinea 2014332197101Haiti 1971332198201Haiti 1982332200301Haiti 2003340196101Honduras 1961340197401Honduras 1974340198801Honduras 1988340200101Honduras 2001340201301Honduras 2013348197001Hungary 1970348198001Hungary 1980348199001Hungary 1990348200101Hungary 2001348201101Hungary 2011352170301Iceland 1703352172901Iceland 1729352180101Iceland 1801352190101Iceland 1901352191001Iceland 1910356198341India 1983356198741India 1987356199341India 1993356199941India 1999356200441India 2004356200941India 2009360197101Indonesia 1971360197601Indonesia 1976360198001Indonesia 1980360198501Indonesia 1985360199001Indonesia 1990360199501Indonesia 1995360200001Indonesia 2000360200501Indonesia 2005360201001Indonesia 2010364200601Iran 2006364201101Iran 2011368199701Iraq 1997372190101Ireland 1901372191101Ireland 1911372197101Ireland 1971372197901Ireland 1979372198101Ireland 1981372198601Ireland 1986372199101Ireland 1991372199601Ireland 1996372200201Ireland 2002372200601Ireland 2006372201101Ireland 2011372201601Ireland 2016376197201Israel 1972376198301Israel 1983376199501Israel 1995376200801Israel 2008380200101Italy 2001380201101Italy 2011380201121Italy 2011 Q1 LFS380201221Italy 2012 Q1 LFS380201321Italy 2013 Q1 LFS380201421Italy 2014 Q1 LFS380201521Italy 2015 Q1 LFS380201621Italy 2016 Q1 LFS380201721Italy 2017 Q1 LFS380201821Italy 2018 Q1 LFS380201921Italy 2019 Q1 LFS380202021Italy 2020 Q1 LFS384198801Côte d'Ivoire 1988384199801Côte d'Ivoire 1998388198201Jamaica 1982388199101Jamaica 1991388200101Jamaica 2001400200401Jordan 2004404196901Kenya 1969404197901Kenya 1979404198901Kenya 1989404199901Kenya 1999404200901Kenya 2009404201901Kenya 2019417199901Kyrgyz Republic 1999417200901Kyrgyz Republic 2009418199501Laos 1995418200501Laos 2005418201501Laos 2015426199601Lesotho 1996426200601Lesotho 2006430197401Liberia 1974430200801Liberia 2008454198701Malawi 1987454199801Malawi 1998454200801Malawi 2008454201801Malawi 2018458197001Malaysia 1970458198001Malaysia 1980458199101Malaysia 1991458200001Malaysia 2000466198701Mali 1987466199801Mali 1998466200901Mali 2009480199001Mauritius 1990480200001Mauritius 2000480201101Mauritius 2011484196001Mexico 1960484197001Mexico 1970484199001Mexico 1990484199501Mexico 1995484200001Mexico 2000484200501Mexico 2005484201001Mexico 2010484201501Mexico 2015484202001Mexico 2020484200521Mexico 2005 Q1 LFS484200522Mexico 2005 Q2 LFS484200523Mexico 2005 Q3 LFS484200524Mexico 2005 Q4 LFS484200621Mexico 2006 Q1 LFS484200622Mexico 2006 Q2 LFS484200623Mexico 2006 Q3 LFS484200624Mexico 2006 Q4 LFS484200721Mexico 2007 Q1 LFS484200722Mexico 2007 Q2 LFS484200723Mexico 2007 Q3 LFS484200724Mexico 2007 Q4 LFS484200821Mexico 2008 Q1 LFS484200822Mexico 2008 Q2 LFS484200823Mexico 2008 Q3 LFS484200824Mexico 2008 Q4 LFS484200921Mexico 2009 Q1 LFS484200922Mexico 2009 Q2 LFS484200923Mexico 2009 Q3 LFS484200924Mexico 2009 Q4 LFS484201021Mexico 2010 Q1 LFS484201022Mexico 2010 Q2 LFS484201023Mexico 2010 Q3 LFS484201024Mexico 2010 Q4 LFS484201121Mexico 2011 Q1 LFS484201122Mexico 2011 Q2 LFS484201123Mexico 2011 Q3 LFS484201124Mexico 2011 Q4 LFS484201221Mexico 2012 Q1 LFS484201222Mexico 2012 Q2 LFS484201223Mexico 2012 Q3 LFS484201224Mexico 2012 Q4 LFS484201321Mexico 2013 Q1 LFS484201322Mexico 2013 Q2 LFS484201323Mexico 2013 Q3 LFS484201324Mexico 2013 Q4 LFS484201421Mexico 2014 Q1 LFS484201422Mexico 2014 Q2 LFS484201423Mexico 2014 Q3 LFS484201424Mexico 2014 Q4 LFS484201521Mexico 2015 Q1 LFS484201522Mexico 2015 Q2 LFS484201523Mexico 2015 Q3 LFS484201524Mexico 2015 Q4 LFS484201621Mexico 2016 Q1 LFS484201622Mexico 2016 Q2 LFS484201623Mexico 2016 Q3 LFS484201624Mexico 2016 Q4 LFS484201721Mexico 2017 Q1 LFS484201722Mexico 2017 Q2 LFS484201723Mexico 2017 Q3 LFS484201724Mexico 2017 Q4 LFS484201821Mexico 2018 Q1 LFS484201822Mexico 2018 Q2 LFS484201823Mexico 2018 Q3 LFS484201824Mexico 2018 Q4 LFS484201921Mexico 2019 Q1 LFS484201922Mexico 2019 Q2 LFS484201923Mexico 2019 Q3 LFS484201924Mexico 2019 Q4 LFS484202021Mexico 2020 Q1 LFS484202023Mexico 2020 Q3 LFS496198901Mongolia 1989496200001Mongolia 2000496201001Mongolia 2010496202001Mongolia 2020504198201Morocco 1982504199401Morocco 1994504200401Morocco 2004504201401Morocco 2014508199701Mozambique 1997508200701Mozambique 2007508201701Mozambique 2017104201401Myanmar 2014524200101Nepal 2001524201101Nepal 2011528196001Netherlands 1960528197101Netherlands 1971528200101Netherlands 2001528201101Netherlands 2011558197101Nicaragua 1971558199501Nicaragua 1995558200501Nicaragua 2005566200621Nigeria 2006566200721Nigeria 2007566200821Nigeria 2008566200921Nigeria 2009566201021Nigeria 2010578180101Norway 1801578186501Norway 1865578187501Norway 1875578190001Norway 1900578191001Norway 1910586197301Pakistan 1973586198101Pakistan 1981586199801Pakistan 1998275199701Palestine 1997275200701Palestine 2007275201701Palestine 2017591196001Panama 1960591197001Panama 1970591198001Panama 1980591199001Panama 1990591200001Panama 2000591201001Panama 2010598198001Papua New Guinea 1980598199001Papua New Guinea 1990598200001Papua New Guinea 2000600196201Paraguay 1962600197201Paraguay 1972600198201Paraguay 1982600199201Paraguay 1992600200201Paraguay 2002604199301Peru 1993604200701Peru 2007604201701Peru 2017608199721Philippines 1997 Q1 LFS608199722Philippines 1997 Q2 LFS608199723Philippines 1997 Q3 LFS608199724Philippines 1997 Q4 LFS608199821Philippines 1998 Q1 LFS608199822Philippines 1998 Q2 LFS608199823Philippines 1998 Q3 LFS608199824Philippines 1998 Q4 LFS608199921Philippines 1999 Q1 LFS608199922Philippines 1999 Q2 LFS608199923Philippines 1999 Q3 LFS608199924Philippines 1999 Q4 LFS608200021Philippines 2000 Q1 LFS608200022Philippines 2000 Q2 LFS608200023Philippines 2000 Q3 LFS608200024Philippines 2000 Q4 LFS608200121Philippines 2001 Q1 LFS608200122Philippines 2001 Q2 LFS608200123Philippines 2001 Q3 LFS608200124Philippines 2001 Q4 LFS608200221Philippines 2002 Q1 LFS608200222Philippines 2002 Q2 LFS608200223Philippines 2002 Q3 LFS608200224Philippines 2002 Q4 LFS608200321Philippines 2003 Q1 LFS608200322Philippines 2003 Q2 LFS608200323Philippines 2003 Q3 LFS608200324Philippines 2003 Q4 LFS608200421Philippines 2004 Q1 LFS608200422Philippines 2004 Q2 LFS608200423Philippines 2004 Q3 LFS608200424Philippines 2004 Q4 LFS608200521Philippines 2005 Q1 LFS608200522Philippines 2005 Q2 LFS608200523Philippines 2005 Q3 LFS608200524Philippines 2005 Q4 LFS608200621Philippines 2006 Q1 LFS608200622Philippines 2006 Q2 LFS608200623Philippines 2006 Q3 LFS608200624Philippines 2006 Q4 LFS608200721Philippines 2007 Q1 LFS608200722Philippines 2007 Q2 LFS608200723Philippines 2007 Q3 LFS608200724Philippines 2007 Q4 LFS608200821Philippines 2008 Q1 LFS608200822Philippines 2008 Q2 LFS608200823Philippines 2008 Q3 LFS608200824Philippines 2008 Q4 LFS608200921Philippines 2009 Q1 LFS608200922Philippines 2009 Q2 LFS608200923Philippines 2009 Q3 LFS608200924Philippines 2009 Q4 LFS608201021Philippines 2010 Q1 LFS608201022Philippines 2010 Q2 LFS608201023Philippines 2010 Q3 LFS608201024Philippines 2010 Q4 LFS608201121Philippines 2011 Q1 LFS608201122Philippines 2011 Q2 LFS608201123Philippines 2011 Q3 LFS608201124Philippines 2011 Q4 LFS608201221Philippines 2012 Q1 LFS608201222Philippines 2012 Q2 LFS608201223Philippines 2012 Q3 LFS608201224Philippines 2012 Q4 LFS608201321Philippines 2013 Q1 LFS608201322Philippines 2013 Q2 LFS608201323Philippines 2013 Q3 LFS608201324Philippines 2013 Q4 LFS608201421Philippines 2014 Q1 LFS608201422Philippines 2014 Q2 LFS608201423Philippines 2014 Q3 LFS608201424Philippines 2014 Q4 LFS608201521Philippines 2015 Q1 LFS608201522Philippines 2015 Q2 LFS608201523Philippines 2015 Q3 LFS608201524Philippines 2015 Q4 LFS608201621Philippines 2016 Q1 LFS608201622Philippines 2016 Q2 LFS608201623Philippines 2016 Q3 LFS608201624Philippines 2016 Q4 LFS608201721Philippines 2017 Q1 LFS608201722Philippines 2017 Q2 LFS608201723Philippines 2017 Q3 LFS608201724Philippines 2017 Q4 LFS608201821Philippines 2018 Q1 LFS608201822Philippines 2018 Q2 LFS608201823Philippines 2018 Q3 LFS608201824Philippines 2018 Q4 LFS608201921Philippines 2019 Q1 LFS608201922Philippines 2019 Q2 LFS608201923Philippines 2019 Q3 LFS608199001Philippines 1990608199501Philippines 1995608200001Philippines 2000608201001Philippines 2010616197801Poland 1978616198801Poland 1988616200201Poland 2002616201101Poland 2011620198101Portugal 1981620199101Portugal 1991620200101Portugal 2001620201101Portugal 2011630197001Puerto Rico 1970630198001Puerto Rico 1980630199001Puerto Rico 1990630200001Puerto Rico 2000630200501Puerto Rico 2005630201001Puerto Rico 2010630201501Puerto Rico 2015630202001Puerto Rico 2020642197701Romania 1977642199201Romania 1992642200201Romania 2002642201101Romania 2011643200201Russia 2002643201001Russia 2010646199101Rwanda 1991646200201Rwanda 2002646201201Rwanda 2012662198001Saint Lucia 1980662199101Saint Lucia 1991686198801Senegal 1988686200201Senegal 2002686201301Senegal 2013694200401Sierra Leone 2004694201501Sierra Leone 2015703199101Slovak Republic 1991703200101Slovak Republic 2001703201101Slovak Republic 2011705200201Slovenia 2002710199601South Africa 1996710200101South Africa 2001710200701South Africa 2007710201101South Africa 2011710201601South Africa 2016728200801South Sudan 2008724198101Spain 1981724199101Spain 1991724200101Spain 2001724201101Spain 2011724200521Spain 2005 Q1 LFS724200522Spain 2005 Q2 LFS724200523Spain 2005 Q3 LFS724200524Spain 2005 Q4 LFS724200621Spain 2006 Q1 LFS724200622Spain 2006 Q2 LFS724200623Spain 2006 Q3 LFS724200624Spain 2006 Q4 LFS724200721Spain 2007 Q1 LFS724200722Spain 2007 Q2 LFS724200723Spain 2007 Q3 LFS724200724Spain 2007 Q4 LFS724200821Spain 2008 Q1 LFS724200822Spain 2008 Q2 LFS724200823Spain 2008 Q3 LFS724200824Spain 2008 Q4 LFS724200921Spain 2009 Q1 LFS724200922Spain 2009 Q2 LFS724200923Spain 2009 Q3 LFS724200924Spain 2009 Q4 LFS724201021Spain 2010 Q1 LFS724201022Spain 2010 Q2 LFS724201023Spain 2010 Q3 LFS724201024Spain 2010 Q4 LFS724201121Spain 2011 Q1 LFS724201122Spain 2011 Q2 LFS724201123Spain 2011 Q3 LFS724201124Spain 2011 Q4 LFS724201221Spain 2012 Q1 LFS724201222Spain 2012 Q2 LFS724201223Spain 2012 Q3 LFS724201224Spain 2012 Q4 LFS724201321Spain 2013 Q1 LFS724201322Spain 2013 Q2 LFS724201323Spain 2013 Q3 LFS724201324Spain 2013 Q4 LFS724201421Spain 2014 Q1 LFS724201422Spain 2014 Q2 LFS724201423Spain 2014 Q3 LFS724201424Spain 2014 Q4 LFS724201521Spain 2015 Q1 LFS724201522Spain 2015 Q2 LFS724201523Spain 2015 Q3 LFS724201524Spain 2015 Q4 LFS724201621Spain 2016 Q1 LFS724201622Spain 2016 Q2 LFS724201623Spain 2016 Q3 LFS724201624Spain 2016 Q4 LFS724201721Spain 2017 Q1 LFS724201722Spain 2017 Q2 LFS724201723Spain 2017 Q3 LFS724201724Spain 2017 Q4 LFS724201821Spain 2018 Q1 LFS724201822Spain 2018 Q2 LFS724201823Spain 2018 Q3 LFS724201824Spain 2018 Q4 LFS724201921Spain 2019 Q1 LFS724201922Spain 2019 Q2 LFS724201923Spain 2019 Q3 LFS724201924Spain 2019 Q4 LFS724202021Spain 2020 Q1 LFS724202022Spain 2020 Q2 LFS724202023Spain 2020 Q3 LFS724202024Spain 2020 Q4 LFS729200801Sudan 2008740200401Suriname 2004740201201Suriname 2012752188001Sweden 1880752189001Sweden 1890752190001Sweden 1900752191001Sweden 1910756197001Switzerland 1970756198001Switzerland 1980756199001Switzerland 1990756200001Switzerland 2000756201101Switzerland 2011834198801Tanzania 1988834200201Tanzania 2002834201201Tanzania 2012764197001Thailand 1970764198001Thailand 1980764199001Thailand 1990764200001Thailand 2000768196001Togo 1960768197001Togo 1970768201001Togo 2010780197001Trinidad and Tobago 1970780198001Trinidad and Tobago 1980780199001Trinidad and Tobago 1990780200001Trinidad and Tobago 2000780201101Trinidad and Tobago 2011792198501Turkey 1985792199001Turkey 1990792200001Turkey 2000800199101Uganda 1991800200201Uganda 2002800201401Uganda 2014804200101Ukraine 2001826185101United Kingdom 1851 (England and Wales)826185102United Kingdom 1851 (Scotland)826185103United Kingdom 1851 (2% sample)826186101United Kingdom 1861 (England and Wales)826186102United Kingdom 1861 (Scotland)826187101United Kingdom 1871 (Scotland)826188101United Kingdom 1881 (England and Wales)826188102United Kingdom 1881 (Scotland)826189101United Kingdom 1891 (England and Wales)826189102United Kingdom 1891 (Scotland)826190101United Kingdom 1901 (England and Wales)826190102United Kingdom 1901 (Scotland)826191101United Kingdom 1911 (England and Wales)826196101United Kingdom 1961826197101United Kingdom 1971826199101United Kingdom 1991826200101United Kingdom 2001840185001United States 1850 (100%)840185002United States 1850 (1%)840186001United States 1860 (1%)840187001United States 1870 (1%)840188001United States 1880 (100%)840188002United States 1880 (10%)840190001United States 1900 (5%)840191001United States 1910 (1%)840196001United States 1960840197001United States 1970840198001United States 1980840199001United States 1990840200001United States 2000840200501United States 2005840201001United States 2010840201501United States 2015840202001United States 2020858196301Uruguay 1963858196302Uruguay 1963 (full count)858197501Uruguay 1975858197502Uruguay 1975 (full count)858198501Uruguay 1985858198502Uruguay 1985 (full count)858199601Uruguay 1996858199602Uruguay 1996 (full count)858200621Uruguay 2006858201101Uruguay 2011858201102Uruguay 2011 (full count)862197101Venezuela 1971862198101Venezuela 1981862199001Venezuela 1990862200101Venezuela 2001704198901Vietnam 1989704199901Vietnam 1999704200901Vietnam 2009704201901Vietnam 2019894199001Zambia 1990894200001Zambia 2000894201001Zambia 2010716201201Zimbabwe 2012Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDHousehold serial numberSERIAL is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. All person records are assigned the same serial number as the household record that they follow. (Person records also have their own unique identifiers -- see PERNUM.) The combination of SAMPLE and SERIAL provides a unique identifier for every household in the IPUMS-International database; SAMPLE, SERIAL and PERNUM uniquely identify every person in the database.
SERIAL can be used to identify dwellings in some samples. In these samples, the first 7 digits of SERIAL provide the dwelling number common to all households that were sampled from the same structure. The last three digits give the sequence of the household within the dwelling. The following is a list of samples in which dwellings can be inferred:
Chile 1970, 1992, 2002Colombia 1993, 2005Costa Rica 1984, 2000Cuba 2002Dominican Republic 1981, 2002, 2010Ecuador 1990, 2001Germany 1971Hungary 1980, 1990, 2001Jamaica 1982, 1991, 2001Malaysia 1970, 1991, 2000Mexico 1995, 1990, 2000, 2005Nigeria 2006Panama 2000Peru 1993, 2007Portugal 1981, 1991, 2001Spain 1991Uruguay 2011Venezuela 1990, 2001Vietnam 1989In all other samples, the last 3 digits are always zeroes.
SERIAL was constructed for IPUMS-International, and has no relation to the serial number in the original datasets.
The U.S. 1900 sample and 1880 10% sample have multi-household dwellings that can be identified using the last 3 digits of SERIAL.SERIAL is a 10-digit numeric variable.
The last 3 digits of SERIAL indicate household number within dwelling for selected samples noted in the variable description. In all other samples, the last 3 digits are always zeroes.Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDNumber of person records in the householdPERSONS indicates how many person records are included in the household (i.e., the number of person records associated with the household record in the sample). These person records will all have the same serial number (SERIAL) as the household record. The information contained in the household record will normally apply to all of these persons.PERSONS is a 4-digit numeric variable.Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDHousehold weightHHWT indicates the number of households in the population represented by the household in the sample.
For the samples that are truly weighted (see the comparability discussion), HHWT must be used to yield accurate household-level statistics.
NOTE: HHWT has 2 implied decimal places. That is, the last two digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data.HHWT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description.Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDSubsample numberSUBSAMP allocates each case to one of 100 subsample replicates, randomly numbered from 0 to 99. Each subsample is nationally representative and preserves any stratification of the sample from which it is drawn. Users who need a representative subset of a sample can use SUBSAMP to select their cases. For example, to randomly extract 10% of the cases from a sample, select any 10 of the 100 subsamples.001st 1% subsample012nd 1% subsample023rd 1% subsample034th 1% subsample045th 1% subsample056th 1% subsample067th 1% subsample078th 1% subsample089th 1% subsample0910th 1% subsample1011th 1% subsample1112th 1% subsample1213th 1% subsample1314th 1% subsample1415th 1% subsample1516th 1% subsample1617th 1% subsample1718th 1% subsample1819th 1% subsample1920th 1% subsample2021st 1% subsample2122nd 1% subsample2223rd 1% subsample2324th 1% subsample2425th 1% subsample2526th 1% subsample2627th 1% subsample2728th 1% subsample2829th 1% subsample2930th 1% subsample3031st 1% subsample3132nd 1% subsample3233rd 1% subsample3334th 1% subsample3435th 1% subsample3536th 1% subsample3637th 1% subsample3738th 1% subsample3839th 1% subsample3940th 1% subsample4041st 1% subsample4142nd 1% subsample4243rd 1% subsample4344th 1% subsample4445th 1% subsample4546th 1% subsample4647th 1% subsample4748th 1% subsample4849th 1% subsample4950th 1% subsample5051st 1% subsample5152nd 1% subsample5253rd 1% subsample5354th 1% subsample5455th 1% subsample5556th 1% subsample5657th 1% subsample5758th 1% subsample5859th 1% subsample5960th 1% subsample6061st 1% subsample6162nd 1% subsample6263rd 1% subsample6364th 1% subsample6465th 1% subsample6566th 1% subsample6667th 1% subsample6768th 1% subsample6869th 1% subsample6970th 1% subsample7071st 1% subsample7172nd 1% subsample7273rd 1% subsample7374th 1% subsample7475th 1% subsample7576th 1% subsample7677th 1% subsample7778th 1% subsample7879th 1% subsample7980th 1% subsample8081st 1% subsample8182nd 1% subsample8283rd 1% subsample8384th 1% subsample8485th 1% subsample8586th 1% subsample8687th 1% subsample8788th 1% subsample8889th 1% subsample8990th 1% subsample9091st 1% subsample9192nd 1% subsample9293rd 1% subsample9394th 1% subsample9495th 1% subsample9596th 1% subsample9697th 1% subsample9798th 1% subsample9899th 1% subsample99100th 1% subsampleTechnical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDStrata identifierThis variable is the strata identifier for the sample. The STRATA variable provides information about the sample design that can be used to improve estimation.STRATA is a 12-digit numeric variable.Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDGroup quarters (collective dwelling) statusGQ identifies households as vacant dwellings, group quarters, or private households. Group quarters -- collective dwellings -- are generally institutions and other group living arrangements such as rooming houses and boarding schools.
Institutions often retain persons under formal supervision or custody, such as correctional institutions, military barracks, asylums, or nursing homes. Educational and religious group dwellings (e.g., boarding schools, convents, monasteries, etc.) are also included in the institutional classification.
Group quarter designations are often useful for understanding the universe of households that answered questions about household characteristics. Censuses will often exclude group quarters from such questions.00Vacant10Households20Group quarters (collective), n.s.21Institutions22Other group quarters291-person unit created by splitting large household99Unknown/group quarters not identifiedGroup Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLDGroup quarters typeGQTYPE identifies the type of group quarters -- collective dwellings -- which are broadly classified into institutional and non-institutional types.
Institutions are a place of residence where people are subject to a common authority or bound by a common objective or personal interest. The definition encompasses correctional facilities, health institutions, retirement homes, orphanages, shelters (social welfare institutions), military or police establishments, boarding schools, and religious group dwellings.
Non-institutional group quarters comprise refugee and workers' camps (temporary accommodation), hotels, pensions, and all types of boarding or lodging houses. The "floating population" is included as a category within the non-institutional group quarters, when identified by the corresponding sample. This group refers to outdoor sleepers, homeless persons, travelers, and persons in ships, boats, or other mobile dwellings.
A more general classification of households between private and group quarters is available in GQ.100Institutional110Prisons, reformatories, or correctional institutions120Hospital, nursing home, hospice, or instutions for persons with disabilities121Institutions for persons with disabilities122Sanatorium or mental institutions130Homes for the elderly or orphanage131Retirement home132Orphanage, children's home140Shelter for homeless, youth, or others150Military or police institution160Boarding school or student housing170Religious institution, monastery, seminary, or convent199Other institutional n.e.c.200Non-institutional210Camps (refugees, workers, or others)220Hotel, pension, lodging, or boarding house230Floating population299Other non-institutional n.e.c.300Other group quarters3991-person unit created by splitting large household998Unknown999NIU (not in universe)Group Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLDNumber of unrelated personsUNREL indicates the number of persons in the household who are unrelated to the head as defined in the variable RELATE.00112233445566778899+Group Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLDUrban-rural statusURBAN indicates whether the household was located in a place designated as urban or as rural.1Rural2Urban9UnknownGeography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLDContinent and region of countryREGIONW identifies the continent and region of each country.11Eastern Africa12Middle Africa13Northern Africa14Southern Africa15Western Africa21Caribbean22Central America23North America24South America31Central Asia32Eastern Asia33Southern Asia34South-Eastern Asia35Western Asia41Eastern Europe42Northern Europe43Southern Europe44Western Europe51Australia and New Zealand52Melanesia53Micronesia54PolynesiaGeography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLD1st subnational geographic level, world [consistent boundaries over time]GEOLEV1 indicates the major administrative unit in which the household was enumerated. The variable incorporates the geographies for every country, to enable cross-national geographic analysis over time. First administrative units in GEOLEV1 have been spatiotemporally harmonized to provide spatially consistent boundaries across samples in each country.GEOLEV1 is a 6-digit numeric variable.
GEOLEV1 codes and labels can be found here.
Codes, labels, frequencies, and information about boundary changes for each country can be found in the country specific harmonized variable e.g. GEO1_BR.Geography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLD2nd subnational geographic level, world [consistent boundaries over time]GEOLEV2 indicates the second major administrative unit in which the household was enumerated. The variable incorporates the geographies for every country, to enable cross-national geographic analysis over time. Second administrative units in GEOLEV2 have been spatio-temporally harmonized to provide spatially consistent boundaries across samples in each country.GEOLEV2 is a 9-digit numeric variable.
GEOLEV2 codes and labels can be found here.
Codes, labels, frequencies, and information about boundary changes for each country can be found in the country specific harmonized variable e.g. GEO2_BR.Geography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLDPopulation density of GEOLEV1 unit, in persons per square kilometerPOPDENSGEO1 indicates the population density in persons per square kilometer of the major administrative unit in which the household was enumerated. The major administrative unit of the household is identified by the GEOLEV1 variable.
The area of units in GEOLEV1 is calculated using Mollweide's equal area projection. For a full set of geography variables refer to IPUMS International Geography variables list. For cross-national geographic analysis on the first and second major administrative level refer to GEOLEV1 and GEOLEV2. More information on IPUMS-International geography can be found here.POPDENSGEO1 is an 8-digit numeric variable listing the population density in persons per square kilometer.
Codes0 = Unknown.Geography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLDPopulation density of GEOLEV2 unit, in persons per square kilometerPOPDENSGEO2 indicates the population density in persons per square kilometer of the second major administrative unit in which the household was enumerated. The second major administrative unit of the household is identified by the GEOLEV2 variable.
The area of units in GEOLEV2 is calculated using Mollweide's equal area projection. For a full set of geography variables refer to IPUMS International Geography variables list. For cross-national geographic analysis on the first and second major administrative level refer to GEOLEV1 and GEOLEV2. More information on IPUMS-International geography can be found here.POPDENSGEO2 is a 12-digit numeric variable listing the population density in persons per square kilometer.
Codes0 = Unknown.Geography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLDArea of GEOLEV1 unit in square kilometersAREAMOLLWGEO1 indicates the area in square kilometers of the major administrative unit in which the household was enumerated. The major administrative unit of the household is identified by the GEOLEV1 variable.
The area of units in GEOLEV1 is calculated using Mollweide's equal area projection. For a full set of geography variables refer to IPUMS International Geography variables list. For cross-national geographic analysis on the first and second major administrative level refer to GEOLEV1 and GEOLEV2. More information on IPUMS-International geography can be found here.AREAMOLLWGEO1 is a 10-digit numeric variable listing the area in square kilometers.
Codes0 = Unknown.Geography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLDArea of GEOLEV2 unit in square kilometersAREAMOLLWGEO2 indicates the area in square kilometers of the second major administrative unit in which the household was enumerated. The second major administrative unit of the household is identified by the GEOLEV2 variable.
The area of units in GEOLEV2 is calculated using Mollweide's equal area projection. For a full set of geography variables refer to IPUMS International Geography variables list. For cross-national geographic analysis on the first and second major administrative level refer to GEOLEV1 and GEOLEV2. More information on IPUMS-International geography can be found here.AREAMOLLWGEO2 is a 10-digit numeric variable listing the area in square kilometers.
Codes0 = Unknown.Geography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLDEthiopia, Region 1994 - 2007 [Level 1; consistent boundaries, GIS]GEO1_ET identifies the household's region within Ethiopia from 1994 to present. Regions are the first level administrative units of the country. GEO1_ET is spatially harmonized to account for political boundary changes across census years. Some detail is lost in harmonization; see the comparability discussion. A GIS map (in shapefile format), corresponding to GEO1_ET can be downloaded from the GIS Boundary files page in the IPUMS International web site.
The full set of geography variables for Ethiopia can be found in the IPUMS International Geography variables list. For cross-national geographic analysis on the first and second major administrative level refer to GEOLEV1, and GEOLEV2. More information on IPUMS-International geography can be found here.231001Tigray231002Affar231003Amhara231004Oromia, Somali231006Benishangul-Gumuz231007Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples (SNNP)231012Gambela231013Harari231014Addis Ababa231015Dire Dawa231017Special regionGeography: A-E Variables -- HOUSEHOLDEthiopia, Region 1994 [Level 1, GIS]GEO1_ ET1994 identifies the household's region within Ethiopia in 1994. Regions are the first level administrative units of the country. A GIS map (in shapefile format), corresponding to GEO1_ ET1994 can be downloaded from the GIS Boundary files page in the IPUMS International web site.
The full set of geography variables for Ethiopia can be found in the IPUMS International Geography variables list. For cross-national geographic analysis on the first and second major administrative level refer to GEOLEV1, and GEOLEV2. More information on IPUMS-International geography can be found here.001Tigray002Afar003Amhara004Oromiya005Somali006Benishangul-Gumz007Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People012Gambela013Harari014Addis Ababa015Dire DawaGeography: A-E Variables -- HOUSEHOLDEthiopia, Zone 1994 - 2007 [Level 2; consistent boundaries, GIS]GEO2_ET identifies the household's zone within Ethiopia from 1994 to present. Zones are the second level administrative units of the country, after regions. GEO2_ET is spatially harmonized to account for political boundary changes across census years. Some detail is lost in harmonization; see the comparability discussion. A GIS map (in shapefile format), corresponding to GEO2_ET can be downloaded from the GIS Boundary files page in the IPUMS International web site.
The full set of geography variables for Ethiopia can be found in the IPUMS International Geography variables list. For cross-national geographic analysis on the first and second major administrative level refer to GEOLEV1, and GEOLEV2. More information on IPUMS-International geography can be found here.231001001North Western Tigray, Western Tigray231001002Central Tigray231001003Eastern Tigray231001004South Tigray, Mekele Especial231002001Zone 1231002002Zone 2231002003Zone 3231002004Zone 4231002005Zone 5231003001North Gondar231003002South Gonder231003003North Wolo231003004South Wolo231003005North Shewa, Argoba Special Wereda231003006East Gojam231003007West Gojam231003008Wag Himra231003009Awi231003010Oromiya Zone231003011Bahir Dar Special Zone231004001West Welega, Kelem Welega231004002East Welega, Horo Gudru Welega231004003Ilu Aba Bora231004004Jimma, Jimma Special Zone231004005West Shewa, South West Shewa, Burayu Special Zone231004006North Shewa231004007East Shewa, Arsi, Bale, Adama Special Zone, West Arsi231004009West Hararge231004010East Hararge, Jijiga231004012Borena, Guji231004013Shinile231004014Degehabur231004015Warder231004016Korahe231004017Fik231004018Gode, Afder231004019Liben231006002Metekel, Pawe Special Wereda231006003Asosa, Mao Komo Special Wereda231006004Kemashi231007001Gurage, Hadiya, Kembata Timbaro, Silti, Alaba Special Wereda231007003Sidama, Hawassa City Transitional Administration231007004Gedeo231007005Wolayita, Gamugofa, Dawuro, Basketo Special Wereda, Konta Special Wereda231007006South Omo231007007Sheka, Kefa231007008Bench Maji231007009Yem Special Wereda231007010Amaro Special Wereda231007011Burji Special Wereda231007012Konso Special Wereda231007013Dereashe Special Wereda231012001Angewak, Etang Special Wereda231012002Nuwer231012003Mejenger231013001Harari231014001Akaki Kality, Nefas Silk-Lafto, Kolfe Keraniyo, Gulele, Lideta, Cherkos, Arada, Addis Ketema, Yeka, Bole231015001Dire Dawa City Administration231017001Special EA 1231017002Special EA 2231017003Special EA 3Geography: A-E Variables -- HOUSEHOLDEthiopia, Zone 1994 [Level 2, GIS]GEO2_ ET1994 identifies the household's zone within Ethiopia in 1994. Zones are the second level administrative units of the country, after regions. A GIS map (in shapefile format), corresponding to GEO2_ ET1994 can be downloaded from the GIS Boundary files page in the IPUMS International web site.
The full set of geography variables for Ethiopia can be found in the IPUMS International Geography variables list. For cross-national geographic analysis on the first and second major administrative level refer to GEOLEV1, and GEOLEV2. More information on IPUMS-International geography can be found here.001001Western (Mirabawi) Tigray001002Central (Mehakelegnaw) Tigray001003Eastern (Misrakawi) Tigray001004Southern (Debubawi) Tigray002001Affar: Zone 1002002Affar: Zone 2002003Affar: Zone 3002004Affar: Zone 4002005Affar: Zone 5003001North (Semen) Gonder003002South (Debub) Gonder003003North (Semen) Wello003004South (Debub) Wello003005North (Semen) Shewa003006East (Misrak) Gojjam003007West (Mirab) Gojjam003008Wag Hemira003009Agew Awi003010Oromia Zone003011Bahir Dar Sp. Zone004001West (Mirab) Wellega004002East (Misrak) Wellega004003Illubabor004004Jimma004005West (Mirab) Shewa004006North (Semen) Shewa004007East (Misrak) Shewa004008Arsi004009West (Mirab) Harerghe004010East (Misrak) Harerghe004011Bale004012Borea005001Shinile005002Jijiga005003Fiq005004Degahabur005005Warder005006Korahe005007Gode005008Afker005009Liben (Moyale)006002Metekel006003Asosa006004Kemashi007001Guraghe007002Hadiya007003Kembata, Alaba Timbaro007004Sidama007005Gedeo007006North (Semen) Omo007007South (Debub) Omo007009Kefficho Shekicho007011Bench Maji007012Yem Special Woreda007013Amaro Special Woreda007014Burji Special Woreda007015Konso Special Woreda007016Derashe Special Woreda012001Gambela: Zone 1012002Gambela: Zone 2012003Gambela: Zone 3012004Gambela: Zone 4013001Harari014001Addis Ababa: Zone 1014002Addis Ababa: Zone 2014003Addis Ababa: Zone 3014004Addis Ababa: Zone 4014005Addis Ababa: Zone 5014006Addis Ababa: Zone 6015001Dire DawaGeography: A-E Variables -- HOUSEHOLDEthiopia, Wereda 1994 [Level 3, GIS]GEO3_ ET1994 identifies the household's wereda within Ethiopia in 1994. Weredas are the third level administrative units of the country, after zones. A GIS map (in shapefile format), corresponding to GEO3_ ET1994 can be downloaded from the GIS Boundary files page in the IPUMS International web site.
The full set of geography variables for Ethiopia can be found in the IPUMS International Geography variables list. For cross-national geographic analysis on the first and second major administrative level refer to GEOLEV1, and GEOLEV2. More information on IPUMS-International geography can be found here.001001001Kafta Humera001001002Tahtay Adiyabo001001003Laelay Adiyabo001001004Tahtay Koraro001001005Medebay Zana001001006Asegede Tsimbela001001007Tselemti001001008Welkait001001009Tsegede001002001Mereb Lehe001002002Enticho001002003Werie Lehe001002004Adwa001002005Laelay Maychew001002006Tahtay Maychew001002007Naeder Adet001002008Kola Temben001002009Degua Temben001002010Abergele001003001Gulomahda001003002Erob001003003Saesi Tsaedaemba001003004Ganta Afeshum001003005Hawzen001003006Wukro001003007Atsbi001004001Samre001004002Enderta001004003Hintalo Wajirat001004004Alaje001004005Endamehoni001004006Rayaazebo001004007Alamata001004008Ofla001004009Mekele002001001Ayisaita002001002Dubti002001003Afambo002001004Mile002001005Elidar002001006Chifra002002001Erebti002002002Koneba002002003Abala002002004Megale002002005Berahle002002006Dalul002002007Afdera002003001Amibara002003002Awash Fentale002003003Gewane002003004Dulecha, Argoba Liyu002003005Bure Mudayitu002004001Awra002004002Ewa002004003Teru002004004Yalo002004005Gulina002005001Telalak002005002Semurobi002005003Dewe002005004Dali Fage002005005Hadele Ele003001001Adi Arkay003001003Beyeda003001004Janamora003001005Debark003001006Dabat003001007Sanja003001009Lay Armachecho003001010Wegera003001011Gondar003001012Dembia003001013Chilga003001014Metema003001016Quara003001017Alefa003001018Belesa003001019Gondar003002002Ebenat003002003Kemekem003002004Fogera003002005Farta003002006Lay Gayint003002007Tach Gayint003002008Simada003002009Este003002010Dera003002011Debre Tabor003003005Bugna003003008Kobo003003009Gidan003003010Meket003003011Wadla003003012Dawuntna Delant003003013Guba Lafto003003014Habru003003017Weldiya003004001Mekdela003004002Tenta003004003Kutaber003004004Ambasel003004005Tehuledere003004006Werebabu003004009Kalu003004010Dessie Zuria003004011Legambo003004012Sayint003004013Debresina003004014Kelala003004016Jama003004017Were Ilu003004022Wegde003004023Kombolcha003004024Dessie003005004Weremo Wajetuna Mida003005005Lay Betna Tach Bet003005008Siyadebirna Wayu Ensaro003005009Moretna Jiru003005012Gera Midirna Keya Gebriel003005013Geshe Rabel003005015Antsokiyana Gemza003005017Efratana Gidim003005018Mama Midirna Lalo003005019Mafud Mezezo Mojana Wadera003005021Kewet003005024Angolelaterana Asagirt003005025Ankober003005028Hagere Mariamna003005029Berehet003005031Minjarna Shenkora003005034Debre Berhan003005035Debre Berhan Zuria003006001Bibugn003006002Hulet Ej Enese003006003Goncha Siso Enese003006004Enebse Sar Midir003006005Enarj Enawga003006006Enemay003006007Debay Telatgen003006009Machakel003006010Guzamn003006011Baso Liben003006013Awabel003006014Dejen003006015Shebel Berenta003006017Debre Markos003007002Achefer003007003Bahir Dar Zuria003007004Adet003007005Merawi003007012Sekela003007013Kuarit003007014Dega Damot003007015Dembecha003007016Jabi Tehnan003007017Bure003008001Zikuala003008005Sekota003008006Dehana003009001Dangela003009002Banja003009004Ankasha003009005Guangua003009007Faggeta003010001Chefe Golana Dewerahmedo003010002Bati003010004Artuma Fursina003011019Bahir Dar004001003Mana Sibu004001004Nejo004001006Gimbi004001007Lalo004001008Boji004001009Ayra Guliso004001010Jarso004001013Jimma004001015Hawa004001016Gawo004001017Dale004001019Yubdo004001020Haru004001021Nole Kaba004001023Sayo004001024Anfilo004001025Begi004002001Limu004002002Ibantu004002003Gida Kiremu004002005Amuru Jarte004002006Abe Dongoro004002007Jimma Horo004002008Abay Chomen004002009Guduru004002010Jimma Rare004002012Bila Seyo004002014Sibu Sire004002015Guto Wayu004002016Sasiga004002019Diga Leka004002023Jimma Arjo004002024Nunu Kumba004002026Wama Bonaya004003001Darimu004003002Supena Sodo004003004Chora004003005Dega Damot004003006Bedele004003007Gechi004003009Dedesa004003013Yayu004003016Metu004003018Ale004003020Bure004003022Nono004004001Limu Seka004004002Limu Kosa004004003Sokoru004004004Tiro Afeta004004005Kersa004004006Mana Sibu004004007Goma004004008Gera004004009Seka Chekorsa004004010Dedo004004011Omonada004004012Sigmo004004013Setema004005001Ginde Beret004005002Jeldu004005003Ambo004005004Cheliya004005005Bako Tibe004005006Dano004005007Nono004005008Tikur004005009Amaya004005010Wonchi004005011Dendi004005012Ejerie (Addis Alem)004005013Adda Berga004005014Walmara004005015Alem Gana004005017Kersana Kondaltiti004005019Tole004005020Elu004005021Dawo004005022Walisona Goro004005023Becho004005024Kokir004005025Meta Robi004006001Wara Jarso004006002Dera004006003Hidabu Abote004006004Kuyu004006006Degem004006007Gerar Jarso004006008Yaya Gulelena D/Libanos004006010Wuchalena Jido004006012Abichuna Gne'a004006013Kembibit004006015Berehna Aleltu004006016Mulona Sululta004007001Fentale004007002Boset004007003Adama004007004Lome004007005Gimbichu004007006Ada'a Chukala004007009Dugda Bora004007010Adami Tullu Jido Kombolcha004007011Asi Negele004007012Shashemene004007013Seraro004007015Akaki004008001Merti004008002Aseko004008003Gololcha004008005Jeju004008008Dodotana Sire004008009Ziway Dugda004008010Hitosa004008012Sude004008013Chole004008014Amigna004008015Seru004008017Robe004008018Tena004008019Sherka004008020Digeluna004008021Tiyo004008022Munesa004008023Bekoji004008024Gedeb004008025Kofele004009002Mieso004009003Doba004009004Tulo004009005Mesela004009006Chiro004009007Guba Koricha004009009Habro004009010Darolebu004009011Boke004009012Kuni004010002Jarso004010004Kombolcha004010006Gursum004010007Babile004010008Fedis004010009Haro Maya004010010Kurfa Chele004010011Kersa004010012Meta Robi004010013Goro Gutu004010014Deder004010015Malka Balo004010016Bedeno004010017Girawa004010019Gola Odana Meyumuluke004011001Kokosa004011002Dodola004011003Adaba004011005Agarfa004011006Gaserana004011008Legehida004011009Ginir004011010Sinanana Dinsho004011011Goba004011012Mennana Arena Buluk004011013Nensebo004011014Meda Welabu004011016Berbere004011017Guradamole004011018Goro004011019Raytu004011020Seweyna004012001Uraga004012002Bore004012003Adolana004012005Odo004012006Hagermariam004012007Yabelo004012008Arero004012009Liben004012010Moyale004012011Dire004012012Teltele004012013Gelana005001001Ayesha005001002Dembel005001003Shinile005001004Erer005001005Mieso005001006Afdem005002001Babile, Gursum005002003Jigjiga005002004Awbere005002005Kebri Beyah005002006Harshin005003001Fiq005003002Hamero005003003Segeg005003004Gerbo005003005Dihun005004001Degehamedo005004002Degehabur005004003Aware005004004Misirak005005001Danot005005002Boh005005003Warder005005004Geladin005006001Shekosh005006002Kebridehar005006003Shilabo005006004Debeweyn005007001Danan005007002Gode005007003Kelafo005007004Mustahil005007005Ferfer005008001Chereti005008002Elekere005008003Mierab005008004Afder005008005Bare005008006Dolobay005009001Liben005009002Dolo Odo005009003Moyale006002001Dangur, Guba006002003Wenbera006002004Mandura006002005Dibate006002006Pawe Special006002007Bulen006003001Menge006003003Asosa, Begi006003004Sherkole, Kurmuk, Komesha006003005Bambase006003006Oda Godere006004003Kamashi, Belo Jegonfoy, Yaso006004004Agalo Mite, Sirba Abay007001001Goro007001002Ezhana Wolene007001003Kokir Gedbano Gutazer007001005Sodo007001006Meskanena Mareko007001007Selti007001008Gumer007001009Cheha007001010Enemorna Eaner007001011Dalocha007001012Lanfro007002001Konteb007002002Limo007002003Badawacho007002004Soro007003001Omo Sheleko007003002Angacha007003003Kedida Gamela007003004Alaba007003005Kacha Bira007004001Shebedino007004002Awasa007004003Arbegona007004004Dale007004005Aleta Wendo007004006Dara007004007Hula007004008Bensa007004009Aroresa007005001Wenago007005002Yirgachefe007005003Kochere007005004Bule007006001Ela007006003Mareka Gena007006005Boloso Sore007006006Damot Gale007006007Damot Weyde007006008Sodo Zuria007006009Kindo Koysha007006010Lomo Bosa007006011Isara Tocha007006012Melokoza007006013Basketo007006014Gofo Zuria007006015Kucha007006016Offa007006017Humbo007006018Boreda Abaya007006020Chencha007006021Dita Dermalo007006023Zala Ubamale007006025Kemba007006026Bonke007006027Arba Minch Zuria007007002Bako Gazer007007004Hamer Bena007007005Kuraz, Salamago007009001Gesha007009003Chena007009004Yeki007009005Gimbo007009006Menjiwo007009007Telo007009009Decha007009011Masha Anderacha007011003Bench007011006Surma007011008Sheko007011010Meinit007011011Dizi007012001Yem Special007013001Amara Special007014001Burji Special007015001Konso Special007016001Dirashe Special012001003Itang012001004Gambella012002005Abobo, Gog, Jor012003002Jicawo, Akobo012004008Godere013001001Harari014001003Wereda 3014001004Wereda 4014001005Wereda 5014001006Wereda 6014002020Wereda 20014002021Wereda 21014002022Wereda 22014002023Wereda 23014002024Wereda 24014003017Wereda 17014003018Wereda 18014003019Wereda 19014003028Wereda 28014004001Wereda 1014004009Wereda 9014004011Wereda 11014004012Wereda 12014004013Wereda 13014004015Wereda 15014004016Wereda 16014005002Wereda 2014005007Wereda 7014005008Wereda 8014005010Wereda 10014005014Wereda 14014005025Wereda 25014006026Wereda 26014006027Wereda 27015001001Dire Dawa Town015001002GurguraGeography: A-E Variables -- HOUSEHOLDDHS-IPUMS-I Ethiopia regions, 1994-2011 [consistent boundaries, GIS]DHS_IPUMSI_ET provides geographic codes for Ethiopia that match those in the DHS and IPUMS-International databases. This variable can be used to link contextual area data from IPUMS-DHS to IPUMS-International or vice versa. The codes in DHS_IPUMSI_ET indicate the major administrative unit in which the household was enumerated or surveyed.
GIS shapefiles for Ethiopia can be downloaded here.01Tigray02Affar03Amhara04Oromia05Somali06Benishangul-Gumuz07Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples12Gambela13Harari14Addis Ababa15Dire Dawa17Special RegionGeography: IPUMS-I, IPUMS-DHS Variables -- HOUSEHOLDOwnership of dwelling [general version]OWNERSHIP indicates whether a member of the household owned the housing unit. Households that acquired their unit with a mortgage or other lending arrangement were understood to "own" their unit even if they had not yet completed repayment. For those that did not own their housing unit, several options were possible: renting (from various types of owners), subletting, usufruct, and de facto occupation.0NIU (not in universe)1Owned2Not owned9UnknownHousehold Economic Variables -- HOUSEHOLDOwnership of dwelling [detailed version]OWNERSHIP indicates whether a member of the household owned the housing unit. Households that acquired their unit with a mortgage or other lending arrangement were understood to "own" their unit even if they had not yet completed repayment. For those that did not own their housing unit, several options were possible: renting (from various types of owners), subletting, usufruct, and de facto occupation.000NIU (not in universe)100Owned110Owned, already paid120Owned, still paying130Owned, constructed140Owned, inherited190Owned, other191Owned, house192Owned, condominium193Apartment proprietor194Shared ownership200Not owned210Renting, not specified211Renting, government212Renting, local authority213Renting, parastatal214Renting, private215Renting, private company216Renting, individual217Renting, collective218Renting, joint state and individual219Renting, public subsidized220Renting, private subsidized221Renting, co-tenant222Renting, relative of tenant223Renting, cooperative224Renting, with a job or business225Renting, loan-backed habitation226Renting, mixed contract227Furnished dwelling228Sharecropping230Subletting231Rent to own239Renting, other240Occupied de facto/squatting250Free/usufruct (no cash rent)251Free, provided by employer252Free, without work or services253Free, provided by family or friend254Free, private255Free, public256Free, condemned257Free, other260Endowment, Waqf (Egypt historical)290Not owned, other999UnknownHousehold Economic Variables -- HOUSEHOLDElectricityELECTRIC indicates whether the household had access to electricity.0NIU (not in universe)1Yes2No9UnknownUtilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDWater supplyWATSUP describes the physical means by which the housing unit receives its water. The primary distinction is whether or not the household had piped (running) water.00NIU (not in universe)10Yes, piped water11Piped inside dwelling12Piped, exclusively to this household13Piped, shared with other households14Piped outside the dwelling15Piped outside dwelling, in building16Piped within the building or plot of land17Piped outside the building or lot18Have access to public piped water20No piped water99UnknownUtilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDCooking fuelFUELCOOK indicates the predominant type of fuel or energy used for cooking.00NIU (not in universe)10None20Electricity30Petroleum gas, unspecified31Gas -- piped/utility32Gas -- tanked or bottled33Propane34Liquefied petroleum gas35Gas -- piped and bottled40Petroleum liquid41Oil, kerosene, and other liquid fuels42Kerosene/paraffin43Kerosene or oil44Kerosene or gasoline45Gasoline46Cocinol47Diesel50Wood, coal, and other solid fuels51Wood and other plant fuels52Non-wood plant materials53Coal or charcoal54Charcoal55Coal56Wood or charcoal60Multiple fuels61Bottled gas and wood62Propane and electricity63Propane, kerosene, and electricity64Propane and kerosene65Kerosene and electrictiy66Other combinations70Other71Alcohol72Biogas73Discarded or waste material74Dung/manure75Other combined organic waste materials76Solar energy77Candle99Unknown/missingUtilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDTelephone availabilityPHONE indicates the availability of a telephone in the dwelling.0NIU (not in universe)1No2Yes9Unknown/missingUtilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDTelevision setTV indicates whether the household had a television.00NIU (not in universe)10No20Yes, color or black-and-white not specified211 television222 televisions233 televisions244 televisions255 televisions266 televisions277 televisions288 televisions299+ televisions30Yes, at least one color tv311 color tv322 color tvs333+ televisions40Yes, black-and-white only411 black-white tv422 black-white tvs433+ black-white tvs99Unknown/missingAppliances, Mechanicals, Other Amenities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDRadio in householdRADIO indicates whether the household had a radio.0NIU (not in universe)1No2Yes9Unknown/missingAppliances, Mechanicals, Other Amenities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDNumber of roomsROOMS indicates the number of rooms occupied by the housing unit.00Part of a room; no rooms011022033044055066077088099101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030+98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDKitchen or cooking facilitiesKITCHEN indicates whether the household had a kitchen, cooking facilities, or room dedicated to food preparation.00NIU (not in universe)10No kitchen11Food is prepared in a non-kitchen room13Does not prepare food in the dwelling20Yes, have a kitchen21Kitchen located inside the dwelling22Indoor kitchen, exclusive use23Indoor kitchen, shared use24Exclusive use of kitchen (indoor/outdoor status not specified)25Shared use of kitchen with another household (indoor/outdoor status not specified)26Kitchen located outside the dwelling27Outdoor kitchen, exclusive use28Outdoor kitchen, shared use99Unknown/missingDwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDToiletTOILET indicates whether the household had access to a toilet and, in most cases, whether it was a flush toilet or other type of installation.00NIU (not in universe)10No toilet11No flush toilet20Have toilet, type not specified21Flush toilet22Non-flush, latrine23Non-flush, other and unspecified99UnknownDwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDBathing facilitiesBATH indicates whether the household had access to bathing facilities and, in most cases, whether it had exclusive access.0NIU (not in universe)1No bathing facility2Have bathing facility, exclusivity not specified3Have bathing facility, exclusive use4Have bathing facility, shared use9UnknownDwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDFloor materialFLOOR indicates the dwelling's predominant flooring material.000NIU (not in universe)100None/unfinished (earth)110Sand120Dung200Finished201Cement, tile, or brick202Cement203Concrete204Cement screed205Ceramic tile206Paving stone, cement tile207Stone208Brick209Brick or stone210Brick or cement211Block212Terrazzo213Wood214Palm, bamboo215Parquet216Parquet, tile, vinyl217Parquet, tile, marble218Ceramic, marble, granite219Ceramic, marble, tile, or vinyl220Marble221Mosaic222Tile223Tile, linoleum, ceramic, etc224Tile, cement225Tile, stone226Tile, stone, brick227Tile, stone, vinyl, brick228Tile, vinyl, brick229Tile, vinyl230Vinyl, linoleum, etc231Asphalt sheet, vinyl, etc232Synthetic, plastic233Cane234Carpet, rug235Scrap material236Other finished, n.e.c.999Unknown/missingDwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDWall or building materialThis variable indicates the primary material used in the construction of the dwelling, particularly the dwelling's exterior walls.000NIU (not in universe)100No walls200Cardboard, scrap, and miscellaneous materials201Waste, scrap, or discarded material202Fabric or discarded material203Zinc, fabric, cardboard, tins, and waste material204Cardboard sheet205Plastic sheeting, cardboard206Makeshift, salvaged, or improvised materials207Reused materials300Wood310Rough wood320Wood, fibercement or plywood330Wood, formica, and other340Wood or bamboo350Wood or straw400Other plant-based materials401Plantain leaves and similar material402Bamboo or cane403Bamboo, sawali, cogon, nipa404Straw or bamboo405Grass, straw or reed406Reed, bamboo, or palm407Cane, palm leaves, logs408Palm leaves or palm planks409Bark, sticks, or cane500Masonry, stone, cement, adobe, metal, glass, and other fabricated materials (sometimes mixed with wood)501Brick, block, stone, or cement502Brick, stone, concrete503Brick, stone, or substitutes (dividing panels made of reinforced concrete)504Brick, stone, or substitutes (dividing panels made of wood)505Brick or tile506Brick or stone507Brick or cement block508Brick with plaster exterior509Brick without plaster exterior510Burnt or stabilized brick511Covered brick512Brick513Unburnt brick514Unburnt brick with cement515Unburnt brick with mud516Concrete517Landcrete, sandcrete518Cement blocks519Cement blocks or brick520Cement blocks or brick, unfinished521Cement and adobe bricks522Cement and stone block523Cement and tiles524Reinforced concrete, pre-cast concrete panels, or steel skeleton framed concrete525Concrete, reinforced concrete, blocks, panels526Fibercement527Adobe528Adobe walls with plaster exterior529Adobe walls without plaster exterior530Adobe with cement exterior531Wood and earth adobe532Wood and cement adobe533Mud or adobe534Pressed dirt535Clay536Coated clay/mud with sticks/cane537Clay or clay-covered sticks538Netted bamboo or cane with mud539Bundle of mud, straw, other materials540Mud with wood/wattle541Pole and mud542Mud with cement543Unfinished lathe and plaster, stucco, etc.544Stone545Hand-laid stone546Quarried stone547Cut stone and concrete548Cemented stone549Stone with clay550Blocks of light material551Prefabricated material552Asbestos553Metal or asbestos sheet554Metal or iron sheet555Metal or fibercement sheeting556Galvanized iron or aluminum557Tin558Glass559Cloth560Covintec panels561Mixed material562Mixed material: part wood; part concrete, brick, or stone563Wood plastered with clay, adobe, other materials; wood pressed panels; rolled mud bricks; etc.564Mixed material: wood or galvanized metal570Mainly permanent materials600Other material601Partition wall, lined with wood or steel602Partition wall, unlined999Unknown/missingDwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDRoof materialThis variable indicates the dwelling's predominant roofing material.00NIU (not in universe)10Masonry, concrete, clay tile, or tiles of unspecified type11Concrete or cement12Reinforced concrete (slab)13Cement or sheet metal14Tile, unspecified material15Clay tile16Tile or cement17Modern tiles, industrial18Traditional tiles, locally made19Tile or flat stone20Tile, unspecified or mixed materials21Fibercement or plastic22Fibercement or metal sheets23Asphalt or laminate cover24Tile, cement, asphalt25Asphalt tile26Slate or tile27Slate or asbestos28Asbestos29Adobe30Tiles or wood planks31Roofing shingles32Tar paper33Metal34Sheet metal35Zinc or tin36Tin37Sheet metal or other sheet material38Sheet metal, tile, slate40Wood and other plant materials41Wood42Wood, including bamboo43Bamboo44Cogon, nipa, anahaw45Thatch (straw, grass, leaves, palm, etc.)46Cane, wood, straw47Grass or straw48Papyrus49Banana leaves or fiber50Palm or makuti51Straw, bamboo, polythene52Wood with clay53Grass and mud54Rustic mat60Mud or earth61Clay70Cardboard, scrap, and miscellaneous materials71Discarded or scrap material72Cardboard73Plastic, tarpaulin80Other, unspecified90No roof99Unknown/missingDwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDAge of structure, coded from intervalsAGESTRUCT2 gives the estimated age of the structure.000Less than 1 year old0011 year0022 years0033004400550066007700880099010100111101212013130141401515016160171701818019190202002121022220232302424025250262602727028280292903030031310323203333034340353503636037370383803939040400414104242043430444404545046460474704848049490505005151052520535305454055550565605757058580595906060061610626206363064640656506666067670686806969070700717107272073730747407575076760777707878079790808008181082820838308484085850868608787088880898909090091910929209393094940959509696097970989809999100100101101102102103103104104105105106106107107108108109109110110111111112112113113114114115115116116117117118118119119120120121121122122123123124124125125126126127127128128129129130130131131132132133133134134135135136136137137138138139139140140141141142142143143144144145145146146147147148148149149150150151151152152153153154154155155156156157157158158159159160160161161162162163163164164165165166166167167168168169169170170171171172172173173174174175175176176177177178178179179180180181181182182183183184184185185186186187187188188189189190190191191192192193193194194195195196196197197198198199199200200+997Under construction998Unknown999NIU (not in universe)Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDHousehold classificationHHTYPE is a constructed variable that describes the composition of households.
HHTYPE is constructed from information in RELATE (relationship to head), from the constructed pointer variables SPLOC, MOMLOC, and POPLOC (location of spouse, mother, and father), and from information on group quarters status, GQ.00Vacant household01One-person household02Married/cohab couple, no children03Married/cohab couple with children04Single-parent family05Polygamous family06Extended family, relatives only07Composite household, family and non-relatives08Non-family household09Unclassified subfamily10Other relative or non-relative household11Group quarters99UnclassifiableConstructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDNumber of families in householdNFAMS is a constructed variable that indicates the number of families within each household. Family membership is defined by FAMUNIT. A "family" is any group of persons related by blood, adoption, or marriage. An unrelated individual within the household is considered a separate family. Thus, a household consisting of a widow and a domestic employee contains two families; a household consisting of a large, multi-generation extended family with no persons unrelated to the head counts as a single family.
NFAMS is constructed from information in RELATE (relationship to head) and from the constructed pointer variables SPLOC, MOMLOC, and POPLOC (location of spouse, mother, and father). See those variable descriptions for more detail.0Vacant household11 family22 families33 families44 families55 families66 families77 families88 families99 or more familiesConstructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDNumber of married couples in householdNCOUPLES is a constructed variable indicating the number of married/in-union couples within a household.
NCOUPLES is constructed using the IPUMS-International pointer variable SPLOC (spouse's location in the household).0No married couples in household11 couple22 couples33 couples44 couples55 couples66 couples77 couples88 couples99 or more couplesConstructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDNumber of mothers in householdNMOTHERS is a constructed variable indicating the number of mothers -- of persons of any age -- within a household.
NMOTHERS is constructed using the IPUMS-International pointer variable MOMLOC (mother's location in the household).0No mothers in household11 mother22 mothers33 mothers44 mothers55 mothers66 mothers77 mothers88 mothers99 or more mothers in householdConstructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDNumber of fathers in householdNFATHERS is a constructed variable indicating the number of fathers -- of persons of any age -- within a household.
NFATHERS is constructed using the IPUMS-International pointer variable POPLOC (father's location in the household).0No fathers in household11 father22 fathers33 fathers44 fathers55 fathers66 fathers77 fathers88 fathers99 or more fathers in householdConstructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDHead's location in householdHEADLOC gives the person number (PERNUM) of the head of household in samples in which persons are organized into households.HEADLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable.Constructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDDwelling numberEthiopia 1994: All recordsThis variable indicates the dwelling number.This is a 7-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal placesTechnical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDHousehold number (within dwelling)Ethiopia 1994: All recordsThis variable indicates the household number (within dwelling).011022033044055066077088099101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDNumber of households in dwellingEthiopia 1994: All recordsThis variable indicates the number of households in dwelling.01102203304405506607708809910101111121214141818222224242626282834344646Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDNumber of persons in dwellingEthiopia 1994: All recordsThis variable indicates the number of persons in dwelling.000011022033044055066077088099101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDNumber of persons in householdEthiopia 1994: All recordsThis variable indicates the number of persons in the household.000011022033044055066077088099101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDDwelling created by splitting apart a large dwelling or householdEthiopia 1994: All recordsThis variable indicates if the dwelling created by splitting apart a large dwelling or household.0No problem1Yes: households within a large dwelling were split apart into separate dwellings2Yes: persons within a large household were split apart into separate dwellingsTechnical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDUrban or rural status<span class="h1">Section I: Area identification</span></p>
<p>1. Region/<span class="lang">killil</span> ____</p>
<p>2. Zone ____</p>
<p>3. <span class="lang">Wereda</span> ____</p>
<p>4. Town ____</p>
<p>5. Sub city/<span class="lang">keftegna</span> ____</p>
<p>6. Supervision area ____</p>
<p>7. Farmer association/<span class="lang">kebele</span> ____</p>
<p>8. Enumeration area ____<span class="h3">Section 1: Area identification</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Columns 4 and 5: Town and <span class="lang">Keftegna</span></span>
<br />For enumeration areas found in a town, take the town names and <span class="lang">keftegna </span>codes from the EA map and record them appropriately. For enumeration areas found in the rural areas, put a dash mark.Ethiopia 1994: All householdsThis variable indicates the urban or rural status.1Urban2RuralGeography: A-E Variables -- HOUSEHOLDType of residence<span class="h1">Section II: Type of residence and housing unit particulars</span></p>
<p>9. Type residence</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Conventional household<br />[] 2 Hotel/hostel<br />[] 3 Other collective quarters<br />[] 4 Nomadic<br />[] 5 Homeless</div><p>10. Housing unit serial number ____</p>
<p>11. Housing units number sub number ____</p>
<p>12. Household serial number ____<span class="em">Column 11: Purpose of the housing unit</span>
<br />During listing, each and every housing unit is coded according to its purpose. The following codes are used to distinguish housing units by their purpose: </p>
<div class="i1">1 = only for residential purposes<br />2 = for residential and enterprise purposes<br />3 = hotel/hostel<br />4 = other collective quarters<br />5 = other enterprise<br />6 = unoccupied<br />7 = under construction</div><p>Description for codes 1 through 7 is given below:</p>
<p><span class="em">1. Only for residential purposes</span>
<br />A housing unit is said to be used for residential purposes if and only if it is separate and independent and no other activities such as commercial, manufacturing, business, etc. are done in it. On this basis, during listing if a housing unit is used for only residence of conventional household members, then write the purpose and enter code 1 in the given card column.</p>
<p><span class="em">2. For residential and enterprise purposes </span>
<br />During listing if the housing unit serves partially a residential purpose and partially an enterprise purpose, then describe the purpose and enter code 2 in the card column. For instance, in a residential housing unit, if there is additional activity such as selling of local drinks like <span class="lang">Tella</span>, <span class="lang">Teji</span>, or <span class="lang">Katikala</span>, code 2 is entered in the card column. However, if these two activities are done in two separate and independent housing units each of the housing unit could be listed in a separate row and given different housing unit serial number in column 9.</p>
<p>A description of an enterprise is given below. The code for partial residential and partial enterprise does not include hotel/hostel and other collective quarters.</p>
<p><span class="em">Enterprise</span>: an establishment which has its own fixed place and address, mostly managed by one or more private owners, that is in engaged in service-rendering, business or manufacturing activities. For example, establishments engaged in manufacturing of shoes, bread, textiles, etc. The repair of shoes, transport, health, education, restaurant, bars, supermarkets, etc. are service-rendering enterprises.</p>
<p>According to the above definition given for enterprise the purpose of a housing unit could be classified as partial residential and enterprise, if and only if, at least one member of the household resides in it and runs one or more formal or informal business activities in the same housing unit. For example a housing unit could be used as: </p>
<div class="i1">Residence and selling of local drinks like <span class="lang">tella</span>, <span class="lang">teji</span>, etc.<br />Residence and selling of food<br />Residence and weaving<br />Residence and kiosks<br />Residence and pottery<br />Residence and metal work<br />Residence and manufacturing and repair of shoes<br />Residence and office works, etc.</div><p>Even if the owner of the enterprise/establishment does not live in the housing unit, as long as employees or other individuals live in the housing unit, the purpose of the housing unit could be classified as partial residential and enterprise.</p>
<p><span class="em">Collective quarter</span>
<br />A collective quarter is a premise (a housing unit, a building or a compound) in which a number of unrelated or related persons reside together, and share common facilities. It includes hotels, hostels, boarding schools, orphanages, homes for the elderly, children's homes, prisons, military barracks, monasteries, work camps, rehabilitation centers, etc. It is important to note that in the premises of some collective quarters there may be private households.</p>
<p><span class="em">3. Hotel/hostel </span>
<br />A hotel is an enterprise which provides: </p>
<div class="i1">a. Food and drinks service or<br />b. Drinks and bed room service or<br />c. Food, drinks and bed room services or <br />d. Only bed room services</div><p>Even if it doesn't fulfill the criteria listed from above, as long as there are people who live in it and share common facilities we can classify it as hotel/hostel.</p>
<p>If it doesn't fulfill at least one of the criteria listed above and if it is not a collective quarter enter code 5.</p>
<p>A hostel is a structure in which many people live differently from regular households in one or more housing units and share common facilities like water, electricity, etc. together and could be administered by one manager.</p>
<p>Hotel/hostel residents are those people who do not have another place to live and do not cook their food in the room where they are living in. On the contrary, if they cook their food in their room, they should be classified as regular households.</p>
<p>In a hotel/hostel, if there are residents who live independently and cook their own food in the housing unit and live as regular households they should be listed separately from the hotel/hostel residents.</p>
<p>For example, if the owner of the hotel lives separately from the hotel residents with his/her family in the hotel by cooking his/her own food, then the owner with his/her family will be listed in a column 9 of the listing form and the hotel residents are listed separately. The private households who live in the hostel will have separate housing unit serial numbers.</p>
<p><span class="em">4. Other collective quarters</span>
<br />Other collective quarters are, excluding hotels/hostels, premises where a number of unrelated or related persons reside together, and share common facilities. These include prisons, boarding schools, hospitals, military barracks, orphanages, homes for elderly, children's home, monasteries, etc.</p>
<p>Remember there could be regular households in a compound of other collective quarters.</p>
<p>Sometimes in big enterprises there might be collective quarters. In this case, the enterprise and the collective quarter are assigned different housing unit serial numbers in column 9 of the listing form. For other collective quarters code 4 should be entered in the corresponding card column.</p>
<p><span class="em">5. Other enterprise</span>
<br />Other enterprise includes manufacturing industries, business centers, government offices, churches and mosques (excluding individual praying rooms), bars which do not have bedrooms, supermarkets, garages, stores, schools, etc. (excluding hotels/hostels and other collective quarters).</p>
<p>During listing, if the housing unit serves as the one of the enterprises mentioned above, code 5 should be entered in the card column.Ethiopia 1994: All householdsThis variable indicates the type of residence.1Conventional2Hotel or hostel3Other collective quarters4Nomads5HomelessGroup Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLDWeightEthiopia 1994: All householdsThis variable indicates the household weight.
The data file is a combination of 10 and 2% samples by region in Ethiopia. Most regions were sampled at 10%. Affar and Somali regions consist of only 2% samples. Weighting accounts for the differing sample densities in the two areas. See sample design documentation for more information.00000011002200330044005500660077008800990101001111012120131301414015150161601919020200212102222023230252502626032320333303434035350363603939040400414104242043430444404545046460545405555056560595906060061610636306464067670686806969070700717107272073730747408181082820989809999100100101101149149150150Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDInformation on rural households<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for rural households.]</p>
<p>29. Will housing unit information be collected?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 39: (Enumerator), Will housing information be collected?</span><div class="i1">1 = Yes<br />2 = No</div><p> </p>
<p>As mentioned earlier if more than one household are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking only one of the household. In this question, code "1" is circled and entered in the given space for the household for which housing information shall be collected. On the other hand for the other household living in the same housing unit and inmates of collective quarters and hotel/hostel, code "2" will be entered and the rest housing questions (column 40 - 49) are left blank.Ethiopia 1994: All householdsThis variable indicates the information on rural households.1Yes2No3Urban householdGeography: A-E Variables -- HOUSEHOLDHousing type (rural households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for rural households.]</p>
<p>40. What is the type of housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Conventional<br />[] 2 Improvised<br />[] 3 Mobile<br />[] 4 Other (specify) ____</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 40: What is the type of the housing unit?</span></p>
<p>In Ethiopia the way housing units are built vary from place to place and, thus, the enumerator should seriously consider the description provided below in this regards.</p>
<div class="i1">1= Permanent housing unit: A housing unit is said to be permanent if it is built from stone, bricks, hollow bricks or other materials to serve for many years. <br /><br />2 = Temporary housing unit: A housing unit is said to be temporary if it is built for temporary residence by using wood poles and with walls and roofs made from items such as cartoon, plastic sheet, corrugated iron, etc. An example of temporary housing unit could be a tent, if there are households residing in it. The enumerator should be very cautious not skip temporary housing units and the households residing in them. <br /><br />3 = Mobile housing unit: A housing unit is said to be mobile if it is built in such a way that the household residing in it can carry it from place to place. Housing units of nomadic people can be taken as an example.<br /><br />4 = Others: If the housing unit is different from the ones listed above, the enumerator should circle and enter this code.</div>Ethiopia 1994: Rural households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the housing type (rural households).1Permanent2Improvised3Mobile4Other8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Group Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLDMain wall material (rural households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for rural households.]</p>
<p>41. What is the major material used for the construction of the wall of the housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Wood and mud<br />[] 2 Wood and thatch<br />[] 3 Reed/bamboo<br />[] 4 Stone and mud <br />[] 5 Stone and cement<br />[] 6 Hollow blocks<br />[] 7 Bricks<br />[] 8 Other/specify ____</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 41: What is the major material used for the construction of the wall of the housing unit?</span>
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 86</span></p>
<p>In this question the material with which the wall of the housing unit is majority built is asked and the correct code among the given alternatives is circled and entered. If the type of material with which the wall is made is not found among the given alternatives, the enumerator shall circle code 8.</p>
<div class="i1">1 = Wood and mud<br />2 = Wood and thatch<br />3 = Bamboo/reed<br />4 = Stone and mud<br />5 = Stone and cement <br />6 = Hollow bricks <br />7 = Bricks<br />8 = Others</div>Ethiopia 1994: Rural households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the main wall material (rural households).01Wood and mud02Wood and thatch03Bamboo or reed04Stone and mud05Stone and cement06Hollow blocks07Bricks08Others98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDMain roof material (rural households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for rural households.]</p>
<p>42. What is the major material used [in the] construction of the major part of the roof of the housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Corrugated iron sheet<br />[] 2 Thatch<br />[] 3 Wood and mud <br />[] 4 Bamboo or reed<br />[] 5 Other/specify ____</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 42: What is the major material used for the construction of the major part of the roof of the housing unit?</span>
<br />The roof is the upper part and cover of the housing unit resting on the walls, which protects the housing unit from rain, wind, etc. In this question, the material with which the majority of the roof of the housing unit is made is asked and the correct code among the given alternatives is circled and entered in the space provided. If the material with which the roof is made is other than the ones listed, code 5 should be circled and entered. </p>
<div class="i1">1 = Corrugated iron sheet<br />2 = Thatch<br />3 = Wood and mud<br />4 = Bamboo/Reed<br />5 = Other</div>Ethiopia 1994: Rural households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the main roof material (rural households).1Corrugated iron sheet2Thatch3Wood and mud4Bamboo or reed5Other8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDSource of drinking water (rural households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for rural households.]</p>
<p>43. What is the major source of drinking water for the members of this housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Tap<br />[] 2 Protected well or spring<br />[] 3 Unprotected well or spring<br />[] 4 River/lake/pond</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 43: What is the main source of drinking water for the residents of this housing unit?</span></p>
<p>The purpose of this question is to know the major source from which the household gets its drinking water. If the sources are more than one the enumerator should further ask the </p>
<p><span class="pg">Pg 87</span></p>
<p>respondent to identify him the main one and he should circle the correct code among the possible alternatives given below and enter the code in the given card column.</p>
<div class="i1">1 = Tap <br />2 = Protected well or spring<br />3 = Unprotected well or spring<br />4 = River/lake/ pond.</div>Ethiopia 1994: Rural households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the source of drinking water (rural households).1Tap2Protected well or spring3Unprotected well or spring4River, lake, or pond8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Utilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDRooms in the dwelling (rural households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for rural households.]</p>
<p>44. How many rooms are there in the housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">_ _</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 44: How many rooms are in the housing unit?</span></p>
<p>A room in a housing unit is said to be a room if it is surrounded by wails, if it has a height of at least 2 meters measures from its floor to its roof, and if it has an area of at least 4 square meters that can accommodate an adult's bed. In this question the total number of rooms that the household is used for various purposes is required and thus, the enumerator should note that the definition given above is valid for housing units having more than one room.</p>
<p>Therefore, bedrooms, living rooms, dining rooms, kitchens, and others, are considered as rooms. However bath rooms, toilets, corridors, and verandas should not be considered as rooms even if they satisfy the definition of a room. In addition, a manger is also not considered as a room.</p>
<p>For housing units used for both residence and enterprise, the rooms, serving both purposes are considered excluding the one used for enterprise purpose only.</p>
<p>A space to write the number of rooms is provided in the questionnaire and the enumerator should enter the number in the card column provided. The answer for this question shall never be "0 "since the housing unit the household is residing is considered as a housing unit if it has at least one room in it. If the number of rooms are 8 and above write 8 in the given space.Ethiopia 1994: Rural households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the number of rooms in the dwelling (rural households).1122334455667788+9Unknown0NIU (not in universe)Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDType of toilet (rural households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for rural households.]</p>
<p>45. What type of toilet facility does the housing unit have?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 No toilet facility<br />[] 2 Pit or flush toilet</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 45: What type of toilet facility does the housing unit have? </span></p>
<p>In this question, the interest is to know the type of toilet facility that the housing units have and also to know the distribution of housing units that do not have such facilities. It is a known fact that the availability of toilet faculty is a very crucial element to prevent and control disease
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 88</span>
<br />transmission and to improve the health status of the society. The data generated from this question can thus be used as an important health indicator.</p>
<p>Therefore, the enumerator shall circle the appropriate code from the given choice below. In addition, if a toilet facility is no more functioning for various reasons and it is not in a position to be maintained and put back to service then the housing unit is considered as not having the facility.</p>
<div class="i1">1 = No toilet facility<br />2 = Pit or flush toilet</div>Ethiopia 1994: Rural households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the type of toilet (rural households).1No toilet2Pit or flush toilet8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDBedroom shared with domestic animals (rural households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for rural households.]</p>
<p>46. Do domestic animals spend the night in the room(s) where members spend the night?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 46: Do domestic animals spend the night in the room(s) where the members of the housing units spend the night?</span></p>
<p>This question helps to measure the health status of the household and to know the extent to which the household is exposed to transmitted diseases primarily caused by animals /chicken, livestock, sheep and goats, horses, donkeys, mules, etc./ </p>
<p>Therefore, whether or not members of the household and animals share the same room to spend the night is asked and code 1 is circled if they do, code 2 is circled if not.</p>
<div class="i1">1 = Yes<br />2 = No</div><p>If a shepherd or some body else spends the night in the room purposely built for the animals for protection purpose, code 2 should be circled.Ethiopia 1994: Rural households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates if the bedroom is shared with domestic animals (rural households).1Yes2No8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Other Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDType of kitchen (rural households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for rural households.]</p>
<p>47. What type of kitchen does the housing unit have? </p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Has a room mainly used as a kitchen<br />[] 2 Uses as a kitchen a room where members spend the night<br />[] 3 Uses as a kitchen a room where livestock spend the night<br />[] 4 Has no kitchen</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 47: Does the housing unit have a separate kitchen?</span></p>
<p>A housing unit is said to have a kitchen if it has a room primarily built to serve as a kitchen. Even though such a room at the same time serves men and animals to spend the night as long as it is primarily built to serve as a kitchen and is mostly used as a kitchen, the housing unit shall be considered as having a kitchen. However, if the housing unit has only one room that serves the household members to live in and at the sometime to cook their food, then the housing unit is considered as not having a kitchen. In order to assess the health impact of sharing the same
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 89</span>
<br />room for living and cooking purposes, the enumerator should given emphasis as to where the kitchen is situated.</p>
<p>The enumerator is, thus, required to circle the correct code among the given choices and enter the code in the given card column.</p>
<p>1 = Has a room mainly used as a kitchen
<br />2 = Uses a kitchen as a room where members spend the night
<br />3 = Uses a kitchen as a room where livestock spend the night
<br />4 = Has no kitchenEthiopia 1994: Rural households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the type of kitchen (rural households).1Separate kitchen2Kitchen in bedroom3Kitchen where animals spend the night4No kitchen8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDFuel for cooking (rural households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for rural households.]</p>
<p>48. What type of fuel is used for cooking in the housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Firewood/leaves<br />[] 2 Dung/manure<br />[] 3 Charcoal<br />[] 4 Kerosene<br />[] 5 Others/specify ____<br />[] 6 Uses no fuel</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 48: What type of the cooking energy does the members of the housing unit mostly used? </span>
<br /> The type of cooking energy used mostly by the members of the housing is asked and the appropriate code is circled and entered in the space provided. </p>
<p>The type of fuel that the household is using can give an indication on the socio-economic status of the household. In addition some of the fuels mentioned above are harmful to health; such data can also be used to know the health status of the household.</p>
<div class="i1">1 = Fire woods or leaves<br />2 = Charcoal<br />3 = Charcoal<br />4 = Kerosene<br />5 = Other<br />6 = Uses no fuel</div><p>If the members of the housing units used more than one cooking energy or fuel ask the type most of the time they used and circle and enter the right code codes 1 - 4. If they are not cooking in the housing unit enter code 5.Ethiopia 1994: Rural households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the fuel for cooking (rural households).1Uses no fuel2Kerosene3Charcoal4Firewood or leaves5Dung or manure6Others8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Utilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDRadio (rural households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for rural households.]</p>
<p>49. Is there a radio in this housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">____</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 49: Is there a radio in this housing unit</span>
<br />If the residents of the housing unit have radio circle code 1 and enter this code in the given card column. If there is no radio in the housing unit circle code 2. When we say there is radio in the housing unit, at least one member of the housing unit should have a radio. </p>
<div class="i1">1 = Yes<br />2 = No</div>Ethiopia 1994: Rural households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates if the household has a radio (rural households).1Yes2No8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Appliances, Mechanicals, Other Amenities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDInformation on urban households<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>39. Will housing unit information be collected?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 39: (Enumerator), Will housing information be collected?</span><div class="i1">1 = Yes<br />2 = No</div><p>As mentioned earlier if more than one household are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking only one of the household. In this question, code "1" is circled and entered in the given space for the household for which housing information shall be collected. On the other hand for the other household living in the same housing unit and inmates of collective quarters and hotel/hostel, code "2" will be entered and the rest housing questions (column 40 - 49) are left blank.Ethiopia 1994: All householdsThis variable indicates the information on urban households.1Yes2No3Rural householdGeography: A-E Variables -- HOUSEHOLDHouseholds in dwelling (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>40. What is the total number of households living in the housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">____</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 40: What is the total number of households living in the housing unit</span>
<br />In this section the total number of households living in the housing unit will be recorded in the space provided. For example if the number of households living in the housing unit is '1' or '2' in this column (column 40) '1' or '2' is entered in the card column.Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the number of households in dwelling (urban households).01102203304405506607708898Unknown99NIU (not in universe)000Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDMales in household (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>41. What is the total number of members of household(s) living in the housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">____</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 41: What is the number of members of household(s) living in this housing unit</span>
<br />In this column, the number of members of household(s) living in the housing unit is entered in the given card column by sex. Separate card columns are given to fill in the numbers by male, female and their total.Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the number of males in the household (urban households).000011022033044055066077088099101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252598Unknown99NIU (not in universe)30304040Constructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDFemales in household (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>41. What is the total number of members of household(s) living in the housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">____</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 41: What is the number of members of household(s) living in this housing unit</span>
<br />In this column, the number of members of household(s) living in the housing unit is entered in the given card column by sex. Separate card columns are given to fill in the numbers by male, female and their total.Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the number of females in the household (urban households).000011022033044055066077088099101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252598Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Constructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLDHousing type (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>42. What is the type of housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Permanent<br />[] 2 Improvised<br />[] 3 Mobile<br />[] 4 Other (specify) ____</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 42: What is the type of the housing unit?</span></p>
<p>In Ethiopia the way housing units are built vary from place to place and, thus, the enumerator should seriously consider the description provided below in this regards.
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 106</span><div class="i1">1= Permanent housing unit: A housing unit is said to be permanent if it is built from stone, bricks, hollow bricks or other materials to serve for many years. <br /><br />2 = Temporary housing unit: A housing unit is said to be temporary if it is built for temporary residence by using wood poles and with walls and roofs made from items such as cartoon, plastic sheet, corrugated iron, etc. An example of temporary housing unit could be a tent, if there are households residing in it. The enumerator should be very cautious not skip temporary housing units and the households residing in them. <br /><br />3 = Mobile housing unit: A housing unit is said to be mobile if it is built in such a way that the household residing in it can carry it from place to place. Housing units of nomadic people can be taken as an example.<br /><br />4 = Others: If the housing unit is different from the ones listed above, the enumerator should circle and enter this code.</div>Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the housing type (urban households).1Permanent2Improvised3Mobile4Others8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Group Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLDBuilding type (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>43. What is the type of building in which the housing unit is found?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 0 Single level detached<br />[] 1 Single level 2 units attached<br />[] 2 Single level 3-5 units attached<br />[] 3 Single level 6 or more units attached<br />[] 4 One or more stories detached<br />[] 5 One or more stories 2-3 units attached<br />[] 6 One or more stories 4-6 units attached<br />[] 7 One or more stories 7-10 units attached<br />[] 8 One or more stories 11 or more units attached</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 43: What is type of building in which the housing unit is found?</span>
<br />The type of building in which the housing unit is found is asked and the obtained information will be recorded to the codes given below. A building can have one or more housing units.
<br />The type of building and their codes are given below and by referring the write code, the given answer code will be circled and entered in the given space.
<br /> </p>
<div class="i1">0 = Single level and detached<br />1 = Single level and 2 units attached<br />2 = Single level and 3 - 5 units attached<br />3 = Single level 6 or more units attached<br />4 = One or more stories detached<br />5 = One or more stories, 2 - 3 units attached<br />6 = One or more stories, 4 - 6 units attached<br />7 = One or more stories, 7 - 10 units attached<br />8 = One or more stories, 11 or more units attached</div>Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the building type (urban households).00Non-storeyed detached01Non-storeyed 2 units attached02Non-storeyed 3 to 5 units attached03Non-storeyed 6 or more units attached04Storeyed detached05Storeyed 2 to 3 units attached06Storeyed 4 to 6 units attached07Storeyed 7 to 10 units attached08Storeyed 11 or more units attached98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Group Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLDHousing age (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>44. How many years ago was the housing unit built?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Less than five years<br />[] 2 5-9 years<br />[] 3 10-14 years<br />[] 4 15-19 years<br />[] 5 20 years or more</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 44: How many years ago was this housing unit built?</span></p>
<p>In this question the interest is to know the number of years since the housing unit was built. The enumerator is expected to circle the correct code correspond to the right year or interval and enter in the given card column. If respondents fail to know the exact number of years, the numerator should urge them to give him an approximate year. If some part of the housing unit is built at a certain time and the other part is built at some other time, the enumerator should take the period during which a larger part of the housing unit was built.</p>
<div class="i1">1= less than 5 years<br />2= 5 to 9 years<br />3= 10 to 14 years<br />4= 15 to 19 years<br />5= 20 years and above</div>Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the housing age (urban households).1Less than 5 years25 to 9 years310 to 14 years415 to 19 years520 or more years8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDMain wall material (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>45. What is the major material used for the construction of the wall of the housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Wood and mud<br />[] 2 Wood and thatch<br />[] 3 Reed/bamboo<br />[] 4 Stone and mud <br />[] 5 Stone and cement<br />[] 6 Hollow blocks<br />[] 7 Bricks<br />[] 8 Other/specify ____</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 45: What is the major material used for the construction of the wall of the housing unit?</span></p>
<p>In this column the material with which the wall of the housing unit is majority built is asked and the correct code among the given alternatives is circled and entered in the right column. If the type of material with which the wall is made is not found among the given alternatives, the enumerator shall circle code 8.</p>
<div class="i1">1 = Wood and mud<br />2 = Wood and thatch<br />3 = Stone and mud<br />4 = Stone and cement<br />5 = Hollow bricks <br />6 = Bricks<br />7 = Bamboo/reed<br />8 = Others</div>Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the main wall material (urban households).01Wood and mud02Wood and thatch03Stone and mud04Stone and cement05Hollow blocks06Bricks07Reed or bamboo08Other98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDMain roof material (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>46. What is the major material used in the construction of the major part of the roof of the housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Corrugated iron sheet<br />[] 2 Thatch<br />[] 3 Wood and mud <br />[] 4 Bamboo or reed<br />[] 5 Other/specify ____</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 46: What is the major material used for the construction of the major part of the roof of the housing unit?</span>
<br />The roof is the upper part and cover of the housing unit resting on the walls, which protects the housing unit from rain, wind, etc. In this question, the material with which the majority of the roof of the housing unit is made is asked and the correct code among the given alternatives is circled and entered in the given card columns. If the material with which the roof is made is other than the ones listed, code 6 should be circled. If the housing unit is a multi-storied one, the material with which the roof of the top storey is made should be taken for all the housing units beneath. </p>
<div class="i1">1 = Corrugated iron sheet<br />2 = Concrete/cement<br />3 = Thatch<br />4 = Wood or mud<br />5 = Bamboo/reed<br />6 = Others</div>Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the main roof material (urban households).1Corrugated iron sheet2Concrete or cement3Thatch4Wood and mud5Bamboo or reed6Other8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDMain ceiling material (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>47. What is the major material used for the construction of the major parts of the ceiling of the housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 None<br />[] 2 Fabrics<br />[] 3 Chip wood/hardboard<br />[] 4 Wooden<br />[] 5 Concrete/cement<br />[] 6 Other/specify ____</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 47: What is the major material used for the construction of the major part of the ceiling of the housing unit?</span></p>
<p>In this question the material with which the ceiling of the housing unit is mostly built is asked and the correct code among the given alternatives is circled and entered in the space provided. If the ceiling is made of more than one item, the item constituting the largest part should be taken. However, if all or most of the rooms of the housing unit do not have a ceiling code one shall be circled. If the item with which the ceiling is made of is other than the ones listed, code 6 shall be circled.</p>
<div class="i1">1 = None<br />2 = Fabrics<br />3 = Chip wood/Hardboard<br />4 = Wooden<br />5 = Concrete/cement<br />6 = Others</div>Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the main ceiling material (urban households).1No ceiling2Fabrics3Chipwood or hardboard4Wooden5Concrete or cement6Other8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDMain floor material (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>48. What is the major material used for the construction of the floor of the housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Mud<br />[] 2 Wood tiles<br />[] 3 Cement concrete<br />[] 4 Plastic tiles<br />[] 5 Cement brick tiles<br />[] 6 Bamboo or reed<br />[] 7 Other/specify ____</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 48: What is the major material used for the construction of the major part of the floor of the housing unit?</span></p>
<p>In this Column the material with which the floor of the housing unit is made is asked and the correct case among the given alternatives is circled and entered in the given card column. If the floor is made of more than one material, the one constituting the longest part should be taken. And if the material with which the floor is made of is other than the ones listed, code 7 shall be circled. </p>
<div class="i1">1 = Mud<br />2 = Wood tiles<br />3 = Cement or concrete finish<br />4 = Plastic tiles<br />5= Cement tile/brick tile<br />6 = Bamboo/reed<br />7 = Other</div>Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the main floor material (urban households).1Mud2Wood tiles3Cement or concrete4Plastic tiles5Cement or brick tiles6Bamboo or reed7Other8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDRooms in the dwelling (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>49. How many rooms are there in the housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">_____</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 49: How many rooms are in the housing unit?</span></p>
<p>A room in a housing unit is said to be a room if it is surrounded by wails, if it has a height of at least 2 meters measures from its floor to its roof, and if it has an area of at least 4 square meters that can accommodate an adult's bed. In this question the total number of rooms that the household is used for various purposes is required and thus, the enumerator should note that the definition given above is valid for housing units having more than one room.</p>
<p>Therefore, bedrooms, living rooms, dining rooms, kitchens, and others, are considered as rooms. However bath rooms, toilets, corridors, and verandas should not be considered as rooms even if they satisfy the definition of a room. In addition, a manger is also not considered as a room.
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 110 </span>
<br />For housing units used for both residence and enterprise, the rooms, serving both purposes are considered excluding the one used for enterprise purpose only.</p>
<p>A space to write the number of rooms is provided in the questionnaire and the enumerator should write the number of rooms as 01, 02, 03, etc. The answer for this question shall never be "00 "since the housing unit the household is residing is considered as a housing unit if it has at least one room in it. If the numbers of rooms are 20 and more write 20 in the space provided.Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the number of rooms in the dwelling (urban households).01102203304405506607708809910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020+98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDDwelling tenure (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>50. What is the type of tenure of the housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Owner occupied<br />[] 2 Rented from Kebele<br />[] 3 Rented from Public Housing Agency<br />[] 4 Rented from other organization<br />[] 5 Paying difference in rent<br />[] 6 Rented from private household<br />[] 7 Rent free</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 50: What is the type of tenure of the housing unit?</span></p>
<p>This refers to how the residents hold the housing unit and there are various possibilities for such a case. A housing unit is said to be privately owned by the members of the household/residents of none of them pay any money in the form of rent. The housing unit may be rented from Kebele, Rental Houses Agency or from other organization or individual. A case may also arise where individuals pay a rent difference due to the reason that the rent of the housing unit is which they are currently residing is higher than the rent of the housing unit they used to live in before. Such housing unit is also considered as rented. The relevant code is circled and entered in the space provided.</p>
<p>A housing unit is also said to be held free of rent if it is given to the household without any rent from kebele, government, or other organizations or from relatives, friends, etc.
<br />The enumerator is thus, expected to circle the correct code from the given alternatives.</p>
<div class="i1">1 = Owner occupied<br />2 = Rented from kebele<br />3 = Rented from Rental Houses Agency<br />4 = Rented from other organization<br />5 = Paying difference in rent <br />6 = Rented from private household<br />7 = Rent free</div>Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the type of ownership of the dwelling (urban households).1Owner2Rented from Kebele3Rented from public housing agency4Rented from other organization5Paying difference in rent6Rented from private household7Rent free8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Household Economic Variables -- HOUSEHOLDMonthly rent amount (in Birr, urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>51. If rented, what is the monthly amount of rent in Birr?</p>
<div class="i1">____</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 51: If rented, what is the monthly amount of rent in Birr?</span>
<br />If code 2 - 6 filled in the column 50 the monthly amount of rent paid for the housing unit in Birr will be entered. First write the amount paid in Birr and Cents without rounding off in the </p>
<p><span class="pg">Pg 111</span></p>
<p>space given as dash "____", then enter in the card column by rounding to Birr. For example, if the rent amount is 10.50 Birr first write 10.50 Birr in the space provided and enter 0011 in the card column but if the rent is 10.25 Birr write 10.25 Birr in the space provided and enter 0010 in the card column. The card column given for entering the rent is 4 and whenever the monthly rent amount is Birr 9998 and more write 9998 Birr only.</p>
<p>If the housing unit is occupied by two or more than households and all paid rent the amount of rent written is the total amount paid by all occupants.Ethiopia 1994: Urban households that pay rent for their dwellings [discrepancies: type I 0.1%; type II none]This variable indicates the monthly rent amount (in Birr, urban households).ET1994A_0069 is a 4-digit numeric variable.
Codes9998 = Unknown.
9999 = NIU.Household Economic Variables -- HOUSEHOLDSource of drinking water (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>52. What is the main source of drinking water for the members of this housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Tap inside the house<br />[] 2 Tap in compound, private<br />[] 3 Tap in compound, shared<br />[] 4 Tap outside compound/from private tap, public tap, other organization (bought or free of charge)<br />[] 5 Protected well or spring<br />[] 6 Unprotected well or spring<br />[] 7 River/lake/pond</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 52: What is the main source of drinking water for the members of this housing unit?</span></p>
<p>The purpose of this question is to know the major source from which the household gets its drinking water. If the sources are more than one, the enumerator should further ask the respondent to identify the main one and he should circle and enter in the card column the correct code among the possible alternatives given below.</p>
<div class="i1">1 = Tap inside the house<br />2 = Tap in compounded, private<br />3 = Tap in compounded, shared<br />4 = Tap outside the compound (from private tap, from public tap or other organizations paid or for free)<br />5 = Protected well or spring<br />6 = Unprotected well or spring<br />7 = River/lake/ pond.</div><p>N.B: We call a well/spring protected if it satisfies the following.
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 112</span><div class="i1">1. Its surrounding should be properly built by stone and cement <br /><div class="i2">a. If it is a well the building should be at least 2 - 4 meters deep in the ground and about 70 cm above the ground level.<br />b. If it is a spring the building should go deeper until a rock or a strong soil as found to serve as the base of the building and the height of the building above the ground level can vary depending on the situations. It should however have an outlet pipe on one side of the building.</div><br />2. The well/ spring must have a cover which is made of cement or any other strong material.<br />3. There should be a properly made diversion to protect the will/ spring from any water flowing to wards it.<br />3. The distance mentioned above should be by far larger if such contaminating facilities are stalked in higher position reliance to the well/spring.</div><p>Thus, if the household gets its drinking water from well/spring satisfying the above points, the enumerator shall circle code 5. Unless it is tap water, any water fetched from rivers or lakes is generally considers as unprotected and code 6 is circled. If the household is using tap water as the source of drinking water, the enumerator should ask the respondents as to where the tap is located and he circle the appropriate answer from the given 4 alternatives. The enumerator should note that the water may be fetched from the source by using human labor or other means.Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the source of drinking water (urban households).1Tap inside the house2Tap in compound, private3Tap in compound, shared4Tap outside compound5Protected well or spring6Unprotected well or spring7River, lake, or pond8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Utilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDType of kitchen (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>53. What type of kitchen does the housing unit have?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 No kitchen<br />[] 2 Modern kitchen private<br />[] 3 Modern kitchen shared<br />[] 4 Traditional kitchen private<br />[] 5 Traditional kitchen shared</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 53: What type of kitchen does the housing unit have?</span></p>
<p>A housing unit is said to have a kitchen if it has a room primarily built to serve as a kitchen. Even though such a room at the same time serves men and animals to spend the night as long as it is primarily built to serve as a kitchen and is mostly used as a kitchen, the housing unit shall be considered as having a kitchen. However, if the housing unit has only one room that serves the household members to live in and at the sometime to cook their food, then the housing unit is considered as not having a kitchen. In order to assess the health impact of sharing the same room for living and cooking purposes, the enumerator should given emphasis as to where the kitchen is situated.</p>
<p>In Ethiopia, especially in urban areas, we can find both traditional and modern kitchens. Thus, the enumerator should have a clear understanding of the distinctions between the two, as given below, so as to circle and enter the correct code of the given answer.</p>
<p><span class="em">Private kitchen: </span> </p>
<div class="i1">A kitchen is said to be private if it serves one or more households residing in the housing unit.</div><span class="pg">Pg 113</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Shared kitchen:</span><div class="i1">A kitchen is said to be shared if it is shared with households residing in another housing unit.</div><span class="em">Modern kitchen: </span><div class="i1">A kitchen is said to be modern if it at least has a pipe water and a sink and in addition if it has one or more of the following items for cooking; electric stove, butane stove, modern wood/charcoal stove, etc.</div><span class="em">Traditional kitchen: </span> </p>
<div class="i1">A kitchen is said to be traditional if it has an open or closed stove with/ without a climery and wood, cow dung, charcoal, leaves,...etc. are used as cooking energy. A traditional kitchen does not have piped water and a sink.</div><p>The enumerator is, thus, required to circle the correct code among the given alternatives taking the above points into consideration.</p>
<div class="i1">1 = No kitchen<br />2 = Modern kitchen, private<br />3 = Modern kitchen, shared<br />4 = Traditional kitchen, private<br />5 = Traditional kitchen, shared</div>Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the type of kitchen (urban households).1No kitchen2Modern private3Modern shared4Traditional private5Traditional shared8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDFuel for cooking (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>54. What type of fuel is used for cooking in the housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 01 Uses no fuel<br />[] 02 Electricity<br />[] 03 Gas<br />[] 04 Kerosene<br />[] 05 Charcoal<br />[] 06 Firewood/leaves/sawdust<br />[] 07 Dung/manure<br />[] 08 Firewood and charcoal<br />[] 09 Firewood and dung<br />[] 10 Firewood and kerosene<br />[] 11 Firewood and gas<br />[] 12 Electricity and kerosene<br />[] 13 Electricity and firewood<br />[] 14 Electricity and charcoal<br />[] 15 Electricity and gas<br />[] 16 Others/specify ____</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 54: What type of the cooking energy does the members of the housing unit mostly used? </span></p>
<p><span class="pg">Pg 114</span>
<br /> The type of cooking energy the residents of the housing units mostly used is enquired and the correct code will be circled and entered in the card column provided. The possible types of cooking energy are listed with their codes.</p>
<div class="i1">01 = Uses no fuel (not cooking in the housing unit)<br />02 = Electricity<br />03 = Butane stove/ cylinder<br />04 = Kerosene stove<br />05 = Charcoal<br />06 = Fire wood/leaves/ saw dust<br />07 = Dung/ manure<br />08 = Firewood and charcoal<br />09 = Firewood and dung<br />10 = Firewood and kerosene</div><span class="pg">Pg 114</span><div class="i1">11 = Firewood and cylinder<br />12 = Electricity and kerosene<br />13 = Electricity and firewood<br />14 = Electricity and charcoal<br />15 = Electricity and cylinder<br />16 = Other</div><p>The type of fuel that the household is using can give an indication on the socio-economic status of the household. In addition some of the fuels mentioned above are harmful to health; such data can also be used to know the health status of the household. If the household does not cook or does not use any fuel at all, code 1 should be circled.Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the fuel used for cooking (urban households).01No fuel02Electricity03Gas04Kerosene05Charcoal06Firewood, leaves, or sawdust07Dung or manure08Firewood and charcoal09Firewood and dung10Firewood and kerosene11Firewood and gas12Electricity and kerosene13Electricity and firewood14Electricity and charcoal15Electricity and gas16Others98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Utilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDType of bathroom (urban households)<span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 55: What type of bathing facility does the housing unit have?</span></p>
<p>In this question data regarding the type of bathing facility of the housing unit is collected in addition to data on whether this facility is shared or not is also collected.</p>
<p>A bathing facility is said to be private if the bath/shower is used by one or more households residing in the housing unit, and a bathing facility is said to be shared if it is shared with other households residing out side the housing unit.</p>
<div class="i1">1 = None<br />2 = Private bath<br />3 = Shared bath<br />4 = Private shower<br />5 = Shared shower<br />6 = Other</div><p>If a housing unit has a bath and a shower, priority is given to the bath. If the housing unit has a separate room purposely built to serve as a bath room and the household members bring water from somewhere else because the room does not get have the facility, the enumerator should circle code 6. However, if the household uses the toilet that was neither a bath nor a shower the bed room, the kitchen or any room that has not been built to serve as a bath room, the housing unit is considered as not having a bathing facility and the enumerator should circle code 1 among the given alternatives.Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the type of bathroom (urban households).1No bathroom2Bathtub private3Bathtub shared4Shower private5Shower shared6Other8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDType of toilet (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>56. What type of toilet facility does the housing unit have?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 No toilet facility<br />[] 2 Flush toilet private<br />[] 3 Flush toilet shared<br />[] 4 Pit private<br />[] 5 Pit shared</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 56: What type of toilet facility does the housing unit have? </span></p>
<p>In this question, the interest is to know the type of toilet facility that the housing units have and also to know the distribution of housing units that do not have such facilities. It is a known fact that the availability of toilet faculty is a very crucial element to prevent and control disease transmission and to improve the health status of the society. The data generated from this question can thus be used as an important health indicator.</p>
<p>Therefore, the enumerator shall circle and enter in the given card column the appropriate code from the given choice if a housing unit has both pit latrine and a toilet with flush, the enumerator should circle the code given for a toilet with flush. In addition, if a toilet facility is no more functioning for various reasons and it is not in a position to be maintained and put back to service then the housing unit is considered as not having the facility.</p>
<div class="i1">1 = None<br />2 = Toilet with flush, private<br />3 = Toilet with flush, shared<br />4 = Pit latrine, private<br />5 = Pit latrine, shared</div>Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the type of toilet (urban households).1No toilet2Flush private3Flush shared4Pit private5Pit shared8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLDType of lighting (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>57. What type of lighting has the housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Electricity/meter private<br />[] 2 electricity/meter shared<br />[] 3 Lantern<br />[] 4 Kerosene<br />[] 5 Other/specify ____</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 57: What type of lighting does the housing unit have?</span></p>
<p>Since lighting is one of the basic services that should be made available. The objective of this question is to assess the distribution of electricity all over the country and also to identify the type of lighting that housing units have. The enumerator should circle and enter the correct code of the type of lighting that the housing unit have among the given alternatives;</p>
<div class="i1">1 = Electricity, Meter private <br />2 = Electricity, Meter shared<br />3 = Lantern<br />4 = Kerosene lamp<br />5 = Other</div>Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the type of lighting (urban households).1Electricity, private meter2Electricity, shared meter3Lantern4Kerosene lamp5Other8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Utilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDRadio (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>58. Is there a radio in this housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 58: Is there a radio in this housing unit?</span>
<br />If there is a radio in the housing unit circle code 1 and enter this code in the given card column, code 2 otherwise.</p>
<div class="i1">1 = Yes<br />2 = No</div>Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates if the household has a radio (urban households).1Yes2No8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Appliances, Mechanicals, Other Amenities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDTelephone (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>59. Is there a telephone in this housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 59: Is there a telephone in this housing unit?</span>
<br />If there is a telephone in the housing unit circle code 1 and enter this code in the given card column, code 2 otherwise.</p>
<div class="i1">1 = Yes<br />2 = No</div>Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates if the household has a telephone (urban households).1Yes2No8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Appliances, Mechanicals, Other Amenities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDTelevision (urban households)<span class="h1">Section V: Detailed information on housing unit</span>
<br />[This version of Section V was asked for urban households.]</p>
<p>60. Is there a television in this housing unit?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><span class="h3">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units</span>
<br /><span class="em">General Instruction </span>
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />5. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />6. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />7. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />8. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="h2">Chapter Four</span>
<br /><span class="em">Instructions for Filling the Population and Housing Census Questionnaires in Urban Areas</span></p>
<p>Two types of census questionnaires are prepared for urban areas: short and long questionnaires. The long questionnaire will be filled in for the selected sample households, for all hotels/hostels and for other collective quarters' inmates. It should be noticed again that the short questionnaire is to be filled in for the rest households (for unselected households). The instruction given below is to fill in the long questionnaire and this instruction is again used to the short questionnaire because questions included in the short questionnaire are parts and parcels of the long questionnaire. The questionnaire is filled in for residents of housing units coded as code 1, 2, 3 or 4 is entered in column 11. Note that, only short questionnaire will be administered for homeless peoples.</p>
<p><span class="em">Section 4: Detail Information on Housing Units<br />General Instruction </span>
<br />In this section information on urban housing units are collected.
<br />The enumerator should closely consider the following points before collecting data about housing units.</p>
<div class="i1">1. Information on the housing units is collected if and only if the housing unit is used for residential purpose, be it for residence only or for residence and enterprise purposes on the date of enumeration.<br />2. If the housing unit is used only for enterprise purpose at the time of the census the information will not be collected.<br />3. In this section, all possible answers are coded and first circle the right code of the answer and then enter the code in the given card column.<br />4. If there is a radio and television in the housing unit we record it but if it is out of order the household does not have the intention to maintain it again we consider as there is no radio or television in the housing unit.<br />5. While collecting information regarding the materials with which the wall, roof, ceiling and floor are made, the enumerator should also include his own observation to improve the quality of the data.<br />6. The enumerator is supposed to have a good understanding of the definitions of terms such as room, ceiling, protected well/spring, etc. and he should explain to the respondent, on such terms so that the can get the correct answer to the questions.<br />7. If there more than 10 members in the household and forced to use an additional questionnaire, the housing unit information is collected on the last page of the questionnaire and make "-" on housing section of the other questionnaires. <br />8. If two or more households are found in a single housing unit, information about the housing unit is collected only once. In other words if two households are found in one housing unit, information regarding the housing unit is collected by asking one of the households only. However, the housing unit will be considered as having a certain amenity, if one of the household reports them.<br />9. For collective quarters, for hotel/hostel residents housing data will not be collected. To indicate that housing information will not be collected, make "-" in the all columns. The enumerator should however, remember that housing information will be collected for the regular households residing in collective quarters, hotel/hostel, etc.</div><span class="em">Column 60: Is there a television in this housing unit?</span>
<br />If there is a television in the housing unit circle code 1 and enter this code in the given card column, code 2 otherwise.</p>
<div class="i1">1 = Yes<br />2 = No</div>Ethiopia 1994: Urban households with information collected [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates if the household has a television (urban households).1Yes2No8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Appliances, Mechanicals, Other Amenities Variables -- HOUSEHOLDStrataEthiopia 1994: All householdsThis variable is the strata identifier for the sample. Strata is a constructed variable that captures implicit geographic stratification resulting from the sample design. It is created by assigning a unique identifier to groups of between 10 and 19 adjacent households. Additional documentation is available on the Variance Estimation page.This is a 6-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal placesGeography: A-E Variables -- HOUSEHOLDPerson numberPERNUM numbers all persons within each household consecutively (starting with "1" for the first person record of each household). When combined with SAMPLE and SERIAL, PERNUM uniquely identifies each person in the IPUMS-International database.PERNUM is a 4-digit numeric variable.Technical Person Variables -- PERSONPerson weightPERWT indicates the number of persons in the actual population represented by the person in the sample.
For the samples that are truly weighted (see the comparability discussion), PERWT must be used to yield accurate statistics for the population.
NOTE: PERWT has 2 implied decimal places. That is, the last two digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data.PERWT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description.Technical Person Variables -- PERSONResidence status: de facto, de jureRESIDENT identifies whether an enumerated person is a household resident or a visitor and whether she or he was present at the time of enumeration. This variable is available only in samples that enumerated both de facto and de jure residents. It can be used to eliminate the double-counting of persons who were enumerated both at their permanent residence and at the residence they were visiting on census night.
De jure population: present residents and absent residents.
De facto population: present residents and visitors/non-residents.1Present resident2Absent resident3Visitor/non-resident4De facto population (present persons)9Unknown/missingTechnical Person Variables -- PERSONMother's location in householdMOMLOC is a constructed variable that indicates whether or not the person's mother lived in the same household and, if so, gives the person number of the mother (see PERNUM). MOMLOC makes it easy for researchers to link the characteristics of children and their (probable) mothers.
The method by which probable child-mother links are identified is described in PARRULE.
The general design of MOMLOC and other constructed variables follows the methods developed for IPUMS-USA "Family Interrelationships," but the details vary significantly. For more details on the construction of MOMLOC, see the Comparability section of PARRULE and this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology.
Note: MOMLOC identifies social relationships (such as stepmother and adopted mother) as well as biological relationships. The variable STEPMOM is designed to identify some of these social relationships. To restrict MOMLOC to biological mothers, such as for own children fertility estimation, MOMLOC should be reset to zero when STEPMOM is greater than zero.MOMLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable.
Codes0 = No mother of this person present in the household.
1 or higher = The person number of this person's motherConstructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONFather's location in householdPOPLOC is a constructed variable that indicates whether or not the person's father lived in the same household and, if so, gives the person number of the father (see PERNUM). POPLOC makes it easy for researchers to link the characteristics of children and their (probable) fathers.
The method by which probable child-father links are identified is described in PARRULE.
The general design of POPLOC and other constructed variables follows the methods developed for IPUMS-USA "Family Interrelationships," but the details vary significantly. For more details on the construction of POPLOC, see the Comparability section of PARRULE and this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology.
Note: POPLOC identifies social relationships (such as stepfather and adopted father) as well as biological relationships. The variable STEPPOP is designed to identify some of these social relationships. To restrict POPLOC to biological mothers, such as for own children fertility estimation, POPLOC should be reset to zero when STEPPOP is greater than zero.POPLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable.
Codes0 = No father of this person present in the household.
1 or higher = The person number of this person's fatherConstructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONSpouse's location in householdSPLOC is a constructed variable that indicates whether or not the person's spouse lived in the same household and, if so, gives the person number (PERNUM) of the spouse. SPLOC makes it easy for researchers to link the characteristics of (probable) spouses.
The method by which probable spouse-spouse links are identified is described in SPRULE.
The general design of SPLOC and other constructed variables is modeled on the methods developed for IPUMS-USA "Family Interrelationships", but the details vary significantly. For more details on the construction of SPLOC, see the Comparability section of SPRULE and this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology.SPLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable.
Codes0 = No spouse of this person present in the household.
1 or higher = The person number of this person's spouseConstructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONRule for linking parentPARRULE describes the criteria by which the IPUMS International variables MOMLOC and POPLOC linked the person to a probable mother and/or father.
IPUMS International establishes child-parent links according to five basic rules, and PARRULE gives the number of the rule that applied to the link in question. A link to any parent automatically generates a second link to that parent's spouse or partner, so only one rule is needed to describe both MOMLOC and POPLOC.
The design of the interrelationship variables is described in this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology.00No parent of person in household11Link to head or spouse, unambiguous12Link to head or spouse, ambiguous21Child-Grandchild, within empirical child cap22Child-Grandchild, within constructed child cap23Child-Grandchild, exceeds child cap31Specified Other Relatives, within empirical child cap32Specified Other Relatives, within constructed child cap33Specified Other Relatives, exceeds child cap41Other Relatives, within empirical child cap42Other Relatives, within constructed child cap51Non-Relatives, within empirical child cap52Non-Relatives, within constructed child capConstructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONRule for linking spouseSPRULE explains the criteria by which the IPUMS-International variable SPLOC linked the person to his/her probable spouse.
IPUMS International establishes spouse-spouse links according to five basic rules, and SPRULE gives the number of the rule that applied to the link in question. A sixth rule identifies sample-specific linking procedures only imposed in selected instances.
The design of the interrelationship variables is described in this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology.00No spouse present01Rule 1: strong relationship pairing, couple adjacent02Rule 2: strong relationship pairing, couple not adjacent03Rule 3: weak relationship pairing, couple adjacent04Rule 4: weak relationship pairing, couple not adjacent05Rule 5: weak consensual union pairings06Rule 6: sample-specific rules (usually child-to-child)Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONProbable stepmotherSTEPMOM indicates whether a person's mother, as identified by MOMLOC, was most probably not the person's biological mother. Non-zero values of STEPMOM explain why it is probable that the person's mother was a step- or adopted mother. A value of 0 indicates no likely stepmother because (1) the mother identified in MOMLOC was probably the biological mother or (2) there is no mother of this person present in the household.
The codes for STEPMOM are as follows:
0 = Biological mother or no mother of this person present in household.
1 = Mother has no children born or surviving.
2 = Child reports mother is deceased.
3 = Explicitly identified relationship (stepchild, adopted child, child of unmarried partner, stepchild/child-in-law).
4 = Mother reports no children in the home.
5 = Age difference between mother and child was less than 12 or greater than 54 years.
6 = Child exceeds known fertility of mother.
In cases where more than one criterion for a likely stepmother is met, STEPMOM will take the value of the criterion with the lowest code. See PARRULE for a description of the linking process.
In cases where a mother is linked to more children than she reports in CHBORN or CHSURV, the determination of which children to flag as probable stepchildren is based first on the strength of the child-mother pairing (see PARRULE), and then on the order of children in the household roster. Since most links to a given mother will be made at the same strength level, order will often be the decisive factor in flagging probable stepmother relationships.
Users should note that there are many stepmothers and adopted mothers in the population that cannot be identified with information available in the censuses. Therefore, STEPMOM will always under-represent their actual number in the population.0Biological mother or no mother present1Mother has no children born or surviving2Child reports mother is deceased3Explicitly identified step relationship4Mother reports no children in the home5Age difference implausible6Child exceeds known fertility of motherConstructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONProbable stepfatherSTEPPOP indicates whether a person's father, as identified by POPLOC, was most probably not the person's biological father. Non-zero values of STEPPOP explain why it is probable that the person's father was a step- or adopted father. A value of 0 indicates no likely stepfather because (1) the father identified in POPLOC was probably the biological father or (2) there is no father of this person present in the household.
The codes for STEPPOP are as follows:
0 = Biological father or no father of this person present in household.
1 = Child reports father is deceased.
2 = Explicitly identified relationship (stepchild, adopted child, child of unmarried partner; stepchild/child-in-law).
3 = Age difference between father and child was less than 12 or greater than 54 years.
In cases where more than one criterion for a likely stepfather is met, STEPPOP will take the value of the criterion with the lowest code. See PARRULE for a description of the linking process.
Users should note that there are many stepfathers and adopted fathers in the population that cannot be identified with information available in the censuses. Therefore, STEPPOP will always under-represent their actual number in the population.0Biological father or no father present1Child reports father is deceased2Explicitly identified step relationship3Age difference implausible4Spouse of mother5Identified as adopted6Surname difference -- male child or never-married femaleConstructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONMan with more than one wife linkedPOLYMAL indicates if a man had more than one wife linked to him in the constructed IPUMS variable SPLOC -- Spouse's Location in Household.
The point of POLYMAL is to facilitate using SPLOC in samples that identify polygamy. Some statistical matching procedures expect to find only one matching record for each subject record.0No more than one wife linked via SPLOC1More than one wife linked via SPLOCConstructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONWoman is second or higher order wifePOLY2ND indicates if a woman was the second or higher order wife linked to a husband in the constructed IPUMS variable SPLOC -- Spouse's Location in Household. The variable does not suggest the actual marital order of wives, only their relative positions in the person order of the household as it was enumerated.
The point of POLY2ND is to facilitate using SPLOC in samples that identify polygamy. Some statistical matching procedures expect to find only one matching record for each subject record.0Person is not the 2nd or higher order wife linked via SPLOC1Person is the 2nd or higher order wife linked via SPLOCConstructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONFamily unit membershipFAMUNIT is a constructed variable indicating to which family within the household a person belongs.
All persons related to the household head receive a 1 (see RELATE). Each secondary family or secondary individual receives a higher code. For purposes of FAMUNIT, secondary families are individuals or groups of persons linked together by the IPUMS constructed pointer variables SPLOC, MOMLOC, and POPLOC (location of spouse, mother, and father).FAMUNIT is a 4-digit numeric variable.
CodesIf there is only one group of related individuals within the household, all of them will be coded "1;" if there is a second, separate such group listed on the form, all of them will be coded "2," and so on.Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONNumber of own family members in householdFAMSIZE counts the number of the person's own family members living in the household with her/him, including the person her/himself. These include all persons related to the person by blood, adoption, or marriage as indicated by the census forms or inferred from them.
FAMSIZE is calculated from the units identified in the IPUMS constructed variable FAMUNIT (family unit membership). The primary family is defined as all persons related to the head in the RELATE variable. Secondary families are individuals or groups of persons linked together by the IPUMS constructed pointer variables SPLOC, MOMLOC, and POPLOC (location of spouse, mother, and father).00011 family member present00022 family members present00033 family members present000440005500066000770008800099001010001111001212001313001414001515001616001717001818001919002020002121002222002323002424002525002626002727002828002929003030003131003232003333003434003535003636003737003838003939004040004141004242004343004444004545004646004747004848004949005050005151005252005353005454005555005656005757005858005959006060006161006262006363006464006565006666006767006868006969007070007171007272007373007474007575007676007777007878007979008080008181008282008383008484008585008686008787008888008989009090009191009292009393009494009595009696009797009898009999 or more personsConstructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONNumber of own children in householdNCHILD provides a count of the person's own children living in the household with her or him. These include all children linked to the person via the constructed IPUMS pointer variables MOMLOC or POPLOC -- mother's and father's location in the household.000011022033044055066077088099 or more children in householdConstructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONNumber of own children under age 5 in householdNCHLT5 provides a count of the person's own children under age five living in the household with her or him. These include all children linked to the person via the constructed IPUMS pointer variables MOMLOC or POPLOC -- mother's and father's location in the household.000011022033044055066077088099 or more own children under age 5 in household98One or more children have unknown ageConstructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONAge of eldest own child in householdELDCH gives the age of the person's oldest own child living in the household with her or him. These include all children linked to the person via the constructed IPUMS pointer variables MOMLOC or POPLOC -- mother's and father's location in the household.
ELDCH is top-coded at age 50 or older.00001102203304405506607708809910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031313232333334343535363637373838393940404141424243434444454546464747484849495050 or older98One or more children have unknown age99No own child in householdConstructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONAge of youngest own child in householdYNGCH gives the age of the person's youngest own child living in the household with her or him. These include all children linked to the person via the constructed IPUMS pointer variables MOMLOC or POPLOC -- mother's and father's location in the household.
YNGCH is top-coded at age 50 or older.00001102203304405506607708809910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031313232333334343535363637373838393940404141424243434444454546464747484849495050 or older98One or more children have unknown age99No own child in householdConstructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSONRelationship to household head [general version]RELATE describes the relationship of the individual to the head of household (sometimes called the householder or reference person).1Head2Spouse/partner3Child4Other relative5Non-relative6Other relative or non-relative9UnknownDemographic Variables -- PERSONRelationship to household head [detailed version]RELATE describes the relationship of the individual to the head of household (sometimes called the householder or reference person).1000Head2000Spouse/partner2100Spouse2200Unmarried partner2210Civil union2300Same-sex spouse/partner3000Child3100Biological child3200Adopted child3300Stepchild3400Child/child-in-law3500Child/child-in-law/grandchild3600Child of unmarried partner4000Other relative4100Grandchild4110Grandchild or great grandchild4120Great grandchild4130Great-great grandchild4200Parent/parent-in-law4210Parent4211Stepparent4220Parent-in-law4300Child-in-law4301Daughter-in-law4302Spouse/partner of child4310Unmarried partner of child4400Sibling/sibling-in-law4410Sibling4420Stepsibling4430Sibling-in-law4431Sibling of spouse/partner4432Spouse/partner of sibling4500Grandparent4510Great grandparent4600Parent/grandparent/ascendant4700Aunt/uncle4800Other specified relative4810Nephew/niece4820Cousin4830Sibling's sibling-in-law4900Other relative, not elsewhere classified4910Other relative with same family name4920Other relative with different family name4930Other relative, not specified (secondary family)5000Non-relative5100Friend/guest/visitor/partner5110Partner/friend5111Friend5112Partner/roommate5113Housemate/roommate5120Visitor5130Ex-spouse5140Godparent5150Godchild5200Employee5210Domestic employee5220Relative of employee, n.s.5221Spouse of servant5222Child of servant5223Other relative of servant5300Roomer/boarder/lodger/foster child5310Boarder5311Boarder or guest5320Lodger5330Foster child5340Tutored/foster child5350Tutored child5400Employee, boarder, or guest5500Other specified non-relative5510Agregado5520Temporary resident, guest5600Group quarters5610Group quarters, non-inmates5620Institutional inmates5900Non-relative, n.e.c.6000Other relative or non-relative9999UnknownDemographic Variables -- PERSONAgeAGE gives age in years as of the person's last birthday prior to or on the day of enumeration.000Less than 1 year0011 year0022 years0033004400550066007700880099010100111101212013130141401515016160171701818019190202002121022220232302424025250262602727028280292903030031310323203333034340353503636037370383803939040400414104242043430444404545046460474704848049490505005151052520535305454055550565605757058580595906060061610626206363064640656506666067670686806969070700717107272073730747407575076760777707878079790808008181082820838308484085850868608787088880898909090091910929209393094940959509696097970989809999100100+999Not reported/missingDemographic Variables -- PERSONAge, grouped into intervalsAGE2 gives computed years of age grouped into intervals.010 to 4025 to 90310 to 140415 to 19050 to 5066 to 100710 to 150811 to 140915 to 171016 to 191118 to 241220 to 241325 to 291430 to 341535 to 391640 to 441745 to 491850 to 541955 to 592060 to 642165 to 692270 to 742375 to 792480 to 842585+98UnknownDemographic Variables -- PERSONSexSEX reports the sex (gender) of the respondent.1Male2Female9UnknownDemographic Variables -- PERSONMarital status [general version]MARST describes the person's current marital status according to law or custom. Individuals who remarried should report the status relevant to their most recent marriage. Census instructions rarely explicitly limit marital status to strictly legal unions.
Note regarding universe: The lowest age at which a person can be anything but "never married" varies among samples.0NIU (not in universe)1Single/never married2Married/in union3Separated/divorced/spouse absent4Widowed9Unknown/missingDemographic Variables -- PERSONMarital status [detailed version]MARST describes the person's current marital status according to law or custom. Individuals who remarried should report the status relevant to their most recent marriage. Census instructions rarely explicitly limit marital status to strictly legal unions.
Note regarding universe: The lowest age at which a person can be anything but "never married" varies among samples.000NIU (not in universe)100Single/never married110Engaged111Never married and never cohabited200Married or consensual union210Married, formally211Married, civil212Married, religious213Married, civil and religious214Married, civil or religious215Married, traditional/customary216Married, monogamous217Married, polygamous219Married, spouse absent (historical samples)220Consensual union300Separated/divorced/spouse absent310Separated or divorced320Separated or annulled330Separated331Separated legally332Separated de facto333Separated from marriage334Separated from consensual union335Separated from consensual union or marriage340Annulled350Divorced400Widowed410Widowed or divorced411Widowed from consensual union or marriage412Widowed from marriage413Widowed from consensual union420Widowed, divorced, or separated999Unknown/missingDemographic Variables -- PERSONChildren ever bornCHBORN reports the number of children ever born to each woman of whom the question was asked. In most samples, women were to report all live births by all fathers, whether or not the child was still living.00No children011 child022 children033044055066077088099101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030+98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONChildren survivingCHSURV reports the number of children born to a woman who were still living at the time of the census.00No children011 child022 children033044055066077088099101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030+98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONNumber of female children ever bornCHBORNF indicates the number of female children ever born to a woman. Only live births are counted.00No children011 child022 children033044055066077088099101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030+98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONNumber of male children ever bornCHBORNM indicates the number of male children ever born to a woman. Only live births are counted.00No children011 child022 children033044055066077088099101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030+98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONNumber of female children survivingCHSURVF indicates the number of female children ever born to a woman still living at the time of the census.00No children011 child022 children03304405506607708809910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020+98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONNumber of male children survivingCHSURVM indicates the number of male children ever born to a woman still living at the time of the census.00No children011 child022 children03304405506607708809910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020+98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONNumber of births last yearBIRTHSLYR indicates whether any -- and in most cases how many -- children were born to a woman in the past twelve months.0None11 (1 or more)223344+8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONNumber of children deadCHDEAD reports how many of the children ever born to a woman were no longer living at the time of the census. Women were to consider all live births by all fathers; they were to exclude still births.00None01102203304405506607708809910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020+98Unknown/missing99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONNumber of female children deadCHDEADFEM indicates the number of female children ever born to a woman who are no longer living. Stillbirths are not counted.
It is possible to calculate total child deaths for samples that have both the "Female children ever born" and "Female children surviving" variables. That is not done in CHDEADFEM, which includes only the samples that directly reported the information in the appropriate form.00None01102203304405506607708809910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020+98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONNumber of male children deadCHDEADMALE indicates the number of male children ever born to a woman who are no longer living. Stillbirths are not counted.
It is possible to calculate total child deaths for samples that have both the "Male children ever born" and "Male children surviving" variables. That is not done in CHDEADMALE, which includes only the samples that directly reported the information in the appropriate form.00None01102203304405506607708809910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020+98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONNumber of own children in householdHOMECHILD indicates the number of surviving biological children living in the household with their mother (the respondent) at the time of the census.00001102203304405506607708809910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020+98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONNumber of own female children in householdHOMEFEM indicates the number of female children born living in the household with their mother (the respondent).00None0110220330440550660770880991010111112121313141417172020+98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONNumber of own male children in householdHOMEMALE indicates the number of male children born living in the household with their mother (the respondent).00None01102203304405506607708809910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020+98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONNumber of own children living elsewhereAWAYCHILD indicates the number of surviving biological children not living in the household with their mother (the respondent) at the time of the census.0000110220330440550660770880991010111112121313141415151616171718181919202098Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONNumber of own female children living elsewhereAWAYFEM indicates the number of surviving biological female children not living in the household with their mother (the respondent).00None01102203304405506607708809910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020+98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONNumber of own male children living elsewhereAWAYMALE indicates the number of surviving biological male children not living in the household with their mother (the respondent).00None0110220330440550660770880991010111112121313141415151616171718181919202098Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONReligion [general version]RELIGION indicates the person's religion, including "none."0NIU (not in universe)1No religion2Buddhist3Hindu4Jewish5Muslim6Christian7Other9UnknownEthnicity and Language Variables -- PERSONReligion [detailed version]RELIGION indicates the person's religion, including "none."0000NIU (not in universe)1000No religion1001Atheist1002Agnostic1003Without religion2000Buddhist3000Hindu4000Jewish5000Muslim5005Ahmadis5006Sunni6000Christian6001Catholic (Roman or unspecified)6002Orthodox6003Protestant6004Evangelical protestant6005Pentecostal6006Adventist / Seventh-day adventist6007Anglican6008Assembly of God6009Baptist6010Church of the Nazarene6011Congregational6012Dutch Reformed6013Episcopalian6014Jehovah's Witnesses6015Latter Day Saints (Mormon)6016Lutheran6017Mennonite6018Methodist6019New Apostolic6020Presbyterian6021Zion Christian6022Moravian6090Other Christian, historical6100Other Christian, Armenia6101Armenia apostolic6102Nestorian6103Molokai6104Other Christian, Austria6105Old Catholic6106Protestant, Augsburg confession6107Protestant, Westminster confession6108Protestant, Helvetic confession6109Greek Oriental6110Armenian Apostolic6111Other Protestant6112Christian Community for renewal6113Christian Community, not specified6114Other Christian, Benin6115Other Christian6116Celestial6117Other Christian, Brazil6118Christian Congregation of Brazil6119Brazilian Catholic Apostolic6120Brazil for Christ6121Foursquare Gospel6122Universal of the Kingdom of God6123House of the Blessing6124House of Prayer6125God is Love6126Maranata6127Other Christian, Brazil 19916128Undetermined Protestant6129Other traditional Protestant6130Neo-Christian6131Other Neo-Christian6132Undetermined Christian6133Other Christian, Brazil 20006134Other Catholic6135Renewed Evangelical Protestant without institutional ties6136Pentecostal Evangelical without institutional ties6137New Life Evangelical Protestant Pentecostal6138Evangelical Protestant Biblical Revival Pentecostal6139Chain Of Prayer Pentecostal6140Undetermined Evangelical Protestant6141Religion Of God6142Christian without institutional ties6143Other Christian, Brazil 20106144Salvation Army6145Other Christian, Canada6146Other Catholic6147United Church6148Protestant, not specified6149Other Protestant6150Other Christian, Cameroon6151Other Christian, Fiji6152Christian undefined6153Church of England6154Gospel Hall and Brethern6155Christian Mission Fellowship (CMF) or Every Home6156Salvation Army6157All Nations Christian Fellowship6158Apostles Gospel Outreach Fellowship6159Christian Outreach Centre6160Other Christian6161Other Christian, Germany6162Oriental Christian6163Other Christian, Ghana6164Other Christian, Iran6165Assyrian or Chaldean6166Armenian6167Other Christians6168Other Christian, Indonesia6169Other Christian6170Protestant/Other Christian6171Other Christian, Ireland6172Church of Ireland6173Church of Scotland6174Independent6175Unitarian6176Salvation Army6177Free Church6178Brethren6179Christian Brethren6180Plymouth Brethren6181Quaker6182Other Christians6183Other Christian, Ivory Coast6184Other Christian, Jamaica6185Brethren6186Church of God6187Church of God of Prophecy6188Other Church of God6189United Church6190Salvation Army6191New Testament6192Disciples of Christ6193Other Christian, Mauritius6194Christian Tamil6195Salvation and Healing Mission6196Voice of Deliverance6197Other Christian6198Other Christian, Mexico6199Anabaptist6200Calvinist6201Cuaquera6202Disciples of Christ6203Christian Friendship Church6204Prayer House Church6205Faith Center6206Agape Force Church6207Alpha and Omega Church6208Living Water Church6209Apostolic Church6210Church of God6211Church of God of Prophecy6212Complete Gospel Church6213Evangelical Siblings Church6214Upper Room Church6215Pentecostal Indigenous Church6216Angular Stone Voice Church6217Pentecostal Missionary6218Christian6219Christian Societies6220Evangelical6221Evangelical Societies6222New Testament Evangelical6223Pentecostal6224Pentecostal Societies6225Independent Pentecostal6226Evangelical Christian Societies6227Pentecostal Christian Societies6228Evangelical Pentecostal Societies6229Evangelical Pentecostal Christian Societies6230Soldiers of Christ's Cross Church6231Tabernacle6232Traditionalists6233Other Evangelical Pentecostal Societies6234Pentecostal not clearly specified6235Living God, Light of the World6236Christian and Missionary Alliance6237Non-Pentecostal Apostolic6238Evangelical Associations6239Biblical6240Confraternities6241Christ Church6242Peace Grace and Misericordia Church6243Open Bible Church6244Holiness Church6245Evangelical Salem Church6246Beautiful Woman Dressed in the Sun6247Messianic Church6248Evangelical Ministers6249Evangelical Missionaries6250Evangelical Movements6251New Jerusalem6252World Vision Church6253Evangelical not clearly specified6254Biblical - non-evangelicals6255Other Christians not clearly specified6256Assumptionist6257Carmelite6258Claretian6259Conception Franciscan6260Maronite Diocese of Mexico6261Dominican6262Servants of Mary Immaculate6263Franciscan6264Guadalupan6265Daughters of the Immaculate Conception6266Jesuit6267Legionaries of Christ6268Divine Word Missionary6269Pauline6270Sacred Heart6271Saint Joseph of Tarbes6272Servant of the Lord and the Virgin6273Servant of Jesus6274Greek Catholic Church6275Reformed Roman Catholic Church6276Mexican National Catholic Church6277Tridentine Latin Rite Catholic Church6278Priestly Society Trento6279Mexican Catholic Union of Trento6280Anabaptist / Memnonite6281Anglican / Episcopal6282House of Prayer6283Center of Faith, Hope and Love of the Missionary Revival Crusade6284Center of Faith, Hope and Love Agape Force6285Salvation Army6286Independent Pentecostal Fellowship6287Upper Chamber Church6288Faith Apostolic Church of Jesus Christ6289Spiritual Christian Church6290Pentecostal Evangelical Christian Church6291Interdenominational Christian Church6292Church of God Full Gospel in Mexico6293Church of Jesus Christ on the Rock6294Christ Evangelical Pentecostal Church Rock of my Salvation6295Mexican Church of Christ's Gospel Pentecost6296United Pentecostal Church of Mexico6297Universal Church of the Kingdom of God6298Only Christ Savior Christian Church6299Independent Evangelical Pentecostal Movement6300Prince of Peace6301National Union of Evangelical Christian Churches (UNICE)6302Union of Independent Evangelical Churches6303Other associations Pentecostal6304Church of the Living God, Pillar and Support of Truth, the Light of the World6305Bible Church6306Interdenominational Christian Church in Mexico6307Church of Christ6308Honey Church of Christ6309Independent Evangelical Church in Mexico6310Renewed Church of Jesus Christ and the Apostles of Divine Love6311Other Christian and Evangelical associations without Pentecostal support6312Faith Christian Church6313Traditional Apostolic Catholic Holy Church Mexico-USA6314Mexican Apostolic Catholic Church6315Elias6316Spiritualistic6317Spiritualist6318Marian Trinitarian Spirituality6319Spirituality of the Third Age6320Christian Spiritual6321Judiciary Society Reign of Leonardo Alcalá Leos6322Spirituality for the Divine Master and the purity of Mary6323Light and Hope6324Holy Spirit, Purity, Love and Light6325Christian Science6326Neo-Israelite Jewish Syncretic Movements6327Other Christian, Netherlands6328Reformed Churches in The Netherlands6329Other Reformed6330Other Christian, Papua New Guinea6331Asian Pacific Christian Mission6332Asutalian Church6333Bamu River Mission6334Christian Brethren Church of PNG6335Christian Mission of Many Lands6336Christian Revival Crusade6337Christain Union Mission6338Church of Christ of PNG6339Faith mission6340Four Square Gospel Mission6341Kwato Church6342Life Center6343Lighthouse church6344New Guinea Gospel Mission6345New Life Mission6346New tribes Mission6347Paliau Christian Native Church6348Rhema Fellowship6349Salvation Army6350Sovereign Grace6351United Church6352Wewak Fellowship6353Western Highland6354Independent6355Plymouth Brethern6356Tiliba Mission6357Tokarara Christian Fellowship6358Village Mission6359Other Christian6360Other Christian, Paraguay6361Christian Community6362Free Brothers6363Church of God6364Church of God of Prophecy6365New testament6366God is love6367Universal Church of the Kingdom of God6368People of God6369Family worship center6370Pseudo-Christian groups6371Other Christian, Philippines6372Aglipay6373Bible Christian Committees6374Born-again Christian6375Bread of Life Ministries6376Cathedral of Praise, Incorporated6377Charismatic Full Gospel Ministries6378Christ the Living Stone Fellowship6379Christian and Missionary Alliance6380Christians Missions6381Christian Reformed Church in the Philippines, Incorporated6382Church of Christ6383Crusaders of the Divine Church of Christ, Incorporated6384Evangelical Christian Outreach Foundation6385Evangelical Free Church6386Filipino Assemblies of the First Born Inc.6387Foursquare Gospel6388Free Believers in Christ Fellowship6389Free Mission in the Philippines Inc.6390God World Mission6391Good News Christian Churches6392IEMELIF Reform Movement6393Iglesia Evangelista Methodista en Las6394Iglesia Evangelica Unida de Cristo6395Iglesia ni Cristo6396Iglesia sa Dios Espiritu Santo, Incorporated6397Jesus Christ Saves Global Outreach6398Jesus is Alive Community, Incorporated6399Jesus is Lord Church6400Jesus Reigns Ministries6401Love of Christ International Ministries6402Other Evangelical6403Other Evangelical Church6404Other Protestants6405Philippine Ecumenical Christian Church6406Philippine Evangelical Mission6407Philippine Grace Gospel Fellowship6408Philippines Benevolent Missionaries6409Philippines General Council of the Assemblies of God6410Potter's House Christian Center6411Salvation Army Philippines6412Take the Nation for Jesus Global Ministries (Corpus Christi)6413UNIDA Evangelical Church6414Union Espiritista Cristiana de Filipinas, Incorporated6415United Church of Christ in the Philippines6416United Evangelical Church of the Philippines (Chinese)6417Victory Chapel Christian Fellowship6418Wesleyan Church6419World Missionary Evangelism6420Worldwide Church of God6421Zion Christian Community Church6422Other Christian, Portugal6423Other Christian, Romania6424Greek Catholic6425Reformed Church6426Evangelic of Augustan Confession6427Evangelic Synodo-Presbyterian6428Christian of Old Rite6429Christian by Gospel6430Evangelic6431Other Christian, Rwanda 20026432Other Christian, Sierra Leone6433Other Christian, Slovak Republic6434Old Catholic6435Greek Catholic6436Christian Reformed6437Other Christian, South Africa6438Reformed6439International Fellowship of Christian Churches6440Apostolic Faith Mission of SA6441Other Apostolic Churches6442Pinkster Protestant Church6443Afrikaanse Protestant Church6444Full Gospel Church of God in Southern Africa6445Pentecostal Churches6446Salvation Army6447Bandla Lama Nazaretha6448African Methodist Episcopal Church6449St John's Apostolic Church6450International Pentecost Church6451Ethiopian type churches6452Ethnic churches6453Other African Independent Churches6454Other Christian Churches6455Other Catholic Churches6456Other Pentecostal Churches6457Other Orthodox Churches6458Other African Apostolic churches6459Other Assemblies6460Christian Scientist6461Christian Centres6462Other Evangelical Churches6463Other Charismatic Churches6464Just a Christian or non-denominational6465Other6466Other Christian, Suriname6467Other Christian6468Other Christian, Saint Lucia6469Church of God6470Other Christian, Senegal6471Other Christian6472Other Christian, Switzerland6473Other protestant churches and communities6474Christ-Catholic church6475Other Christian communities6476Other Christian, Trinidad and Tobago6477Church of God6478African Methodist Espiscopalians6479Brethren, Christian or Plymouth6480Church of Christ6481Gospel Hall or Gospel Missionary6482Nazarenes6483Pilgrim Holiness6484Ethiopian Orthodox6485Open Bible Church6486Assemblies of Yahweh6487Evangelical Church of West Indies6488Christadelphian6489Full Gospel Fellowship6490Dutch Reform6491Christian Brotherhood Assembly6492Other Christian, Uganda6493Other Christian6494Salvation Army6495Other Christian non-Catholic, Uruguay6496Other Christian non-Catholic, Guatemala6497Other Christian, Togo7000Other7001Bahai7002Sikh7003Rastafarian7100Other, Armenia7101Pagan7102Shar-fadinian7103Other, Austria7104Unification Church, Austria7105Other, Benin7106Traditional7107Vodoun7108Other, Botswana7109Badimo7110Other, Brazil7111Spiritist7112Kardecist Spiritist7113Afro Spiritist7114Mediumistic Spiritist7115Umbandist Mediumistic7116Candomblecist Mediumistic7117Other Afro-Brazilian7118Oriental, Brazil7119New Oriental7120Oriental Seicho No-le7121Other Oriental, Brazil7122Esoteric, Brazil7123Indigenous, Brazil7124Other minority groups, Brazil7125Other, Burkina Faso7126Animist7127Other, Cameroon7128Animist7129Other, Canada7130Eastern religions, Canada7131Other, Chile7132Theosophism7133Shintoism7134Other, Ethiopia7135Traditional7136Other, Ethiopia7137Other, Fiji7138Confucian7139Kabir Panthi7140Satya Sai Baba7141Bahai7142Other non-Christian, Fiji7143Other, Germany7144Other, Germany7145Other, Ghana7146Traditional, Ghana7147Other, Guinea7148Animist7149Other, Guinea7150Other, Haiti7151Voodoo7152Other, India7153Jainism7154Zoroastrianism7155Other, India7156Other, Indonesia7157Confucianism7158Other, Indonesia7159Other, Iran7160Zoroastrian7161Other, Iran7162Other, Ivory Coast7163Animist7164Harrist7165Other, Jamaica7166Muslim/Hindu7167Other, Israel7168Druse7169Other, Israel7170Other, Laos7171Animist7172Other, Liberia7173Traditional7174Other, Malaysia7175Confucianism/Taoism7176Tribal/Folk religion, Malaysia7177Other, Mali7178Animist7179Other, Mexico7180Brahmanism7181Hare Krishna7182Shintoism7183Taoism7184Mexican Movements7185Ananda Marga7186Church of Scientology7187Masons7188Raelian Movement7189New Age Movement7190Neoisraelites7191Occultists7192Palmar of Troya7193Rose Cross7194Theosophism7195Spiritualist Special Keys7196Onkaranada Center7197Confucianism7198Shia7199Universal Great Brotherhood7200Esoteric Science7201Gnosticism7202Metaphysics7203Wicca7204Shamanism7205The Custom7206Mexicayotl7207Restorative Confederate Movement of Anahuac Culture7208African Origin7209Indigenous Religions7210Growing in Grace7211Eckankar7212Transcendental Meditation7213Mission Branch7214Children of God7215Sri Sathya Sai Baba7216Other religions from Asia7217Ethnic roots7218Afro roots7219Popular cults7220Other new religious movements7221Other, Nepal7222Kirat7223Jain7224Garaute7225Tap jura7226Bon7227Prakriti7228Other, Nigeria7229Traditional7230Other, Pakistan7231Ahmadi7232Parsi7233Scheduled caste7234Other, Paraguay7235Philosophical revelations7236Indigenous religion7237Reyukai7238Other, Paraguay7239Other, Philippines7240Door of Faith7241Faith Tabernacle Church (Living Rock Ministries)7242Iglesia Filipina Independiente7243International One Way Outreach7244Miracle Life Fellowship International7245Miracle Revival Church of the Philippines7246Philippine Good News Ministries7247Philippine Missionary fellowship7248Things to Come7249Way of Salvation7250Word of the World7251Word International Ministries7252Tribal Religions, Philippines7253Other, Romania7254Unitarian7255Armenian7256Mosaic7257Other, Romania7258Other, Rwanda7259Traditional religion, Rwanda7260Other, Rwanda7261Other, Sierra Leone7262Traditional religion, Sierra Leone7263Other, South Africa7264African traditional belief7265Taoist7266Confucian7267New Age7268Winti7269Javanism7270Other non-Christian, S. Africa7271Other, Suriname7272Javanism7273Traditional7274Winti7275Other, Thailand7276Confucian7277Other, Trinidad and Tobago7278Pocamania or Shango7279Orisha7280Other, Uganda7281Traditional religion7282Mammon7283Other non-Christian, Uganda7284Other, United Kindom7285Other, Uruguay7286Umbanda/other Afro-American7287Other, Uruguay7288Other, Vietnam7289Cao Dai7290Cham Brahmin7296Other, Togo7297Animist7900Other, not elsewhere classified9999UnknownEthnicity and Language Variables -- PERSONSpeaks EnglishSPEAKENG indicates whether the respondent could speak English or if English was the respondent's language of literacy.1Yes2No7Does not speak8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Ethnicity and Language Variables -- PERSONMother tongue, EthiopiaMTONGET indicates the respondent's mother tongue. For infants or for persons who cannot speak, the language usually spoken in the household was recorded as mother tongue.01Affarigna02Agew-Awinigigna03Agew-Kamyrnya04Alabigna05Amarigna06Anyiwakgna07Argobigna08Arigna09Arborigna10Bachagna11Basketigna12Benchigna13Bertagna14Bodigna15Brayligna16Burjigna17Benagna18Charigna19Dasenechgna20Dawurogna21Debosgna22Derashigna23Dimegna24Dizigna25Dongigna26Demegna27Felashigna28Fedashigna29Gamogna30Gebatogna31Gedeogna32Gedichogna33Gedoligna34Goffigna35Gumuzigna36Guragiegna37Guagugna38Hadiyigna39Hareriegna40Hamerigna41Irobigna42Keffagna43Kembatigna44Kontigna45Komigna46Konsogna47Koregna48Koygogna49Koyrigna50Kunamigna51Karogna52Kusumegna53Maliegna54Maogna55Marekogna56Mashiligna57Merigna58Me'enigna59Messengogna60Mejengerigna61Mossigna62Mursygna63Murlegna64Naogna65Nuwerigna66Nyangatomigna67Oromigna68Oydigna69Qebenigna70Qechemigna71Qewamigna72Shekacho73Shekogna74Shinashigna75Sidamigna76Shitagna77Somaligna78Surmagna79Shegna80Tigrigna81Tembarogna82Tsemayigna83Upo84Wolayitigna85Wergigna86Yemsagna87Zeysegna88Zlmamigna89Zerguligna90Gamiligna91Kemantigna92Mabaangna95Other Ethiopian languages96English97Other foreign languages98Unknown99NIU (Not in universe)Ethnicity and Language Variables -- PERSONSchool attendanceSCHOOL indicates whether or not the person attended school at the time of the census or within some specified period of time prior to the census.0NIU (not in universe)1Yes2No, not specified3No, attended in the past4No, never attended9Unknown/missingEducation Variables -- PERSONLiteracyLIT indicates whether or not the respondent could read and write in any language. A person is typically considered literate if he or she can both read and write. All other persons are illiterate, including those who can either read or write but cannot do both.0NIU (not in universe)1No, illiterate2Yes, literate9Unknown/missingEducation Variables -- PERSONEducational attainment, international recode [general version]EDATTAIN records the person's educational attainment in terms of the level of schooling completed (degree or other milestone). The emphasis on level completed is critical: a person attending the final year of secondary education receives the code for having completed lower secondary only -- and in some samples only primary.
EDATTAIN does not necessarily reflect any particular country's definition of the various levels of schooling in terms of terminology or the number of years of schooling. EDATTAIN is an attempt to merge -- into a single, roughly comparable variable -- samples that provide degrees, ones that provide actual years of schooling, and those that have some of both. In addition to EDATTAIN, a country-specific education classification is provided which loses no information and reflects the particular educational system of that country (for example EDUCBR for Brazil, EDUCCL for Chile, and EDUCUS for the United States). As always, users can refer to the original education source variables for each sample, if they wish.
Many samples also give single years of schooling completed, recorded in YRSCHOOL. Some samples provide educational information in a form that could not be incorporated into EDATTAIN.0NIU (not in universe)1Less than primary completed2Primary completed3Secondary completed4University completed9UnknownEducation Variables -- PERSONEducational attainment, international recode [detailed version]EDATTAIN records the person's educational attainment in terms of the level of schooling completed (degree or other milestone). The emphasis on level completed is critical: a person attending the final year of secondary education receives the code for having completed lower secondary only -- and in some samples only primary.
EDATTAIN does not necessarily reflect any particular country's definition of the various levels of schooling in terms of terminology or the number of years of schooling. EDATTAIN is an attempt to merge -- into a single, roughly comparable variable -- samples that provide degrees, ones that provide actual years of schooling, and those that have some of both. In addition to EDATTAIN, a country-specific education classification is provided which loses no information and reflects the particular educational system of that country (for example EDUCBR for Brazil, EDUCCL for Chile, and EDUCUS for the United States). As always, users can refer to the original education source variables for each sample, if they wish.
Many samples also give single years of schooling completed, recorded in YRSCHOOL. Some samples provide educational information in a form that could not be incorporated into EDATTAIN.000NIU (not in universe)100Less than primary completed (n.s.)110No schooling120Some primary completed130Primary (4 yrs) completed211Primary (5 yrs) completed212Primary (6 yrs) completed221Lower secondary general completed222Lower secondary technical completed311Secondary, general track completed312Some college completed320Secondary or post-secondary technical completed321Secondary, technical track completed322Post-secondary technical education400University completed999Unknown/missingEducation Variables -- PERSONYears of schoolingYRSCHOOL indicates the highest grade/level of schooling the person had completed, in years. Only formal schooling is counted. YRSCHOOL accounts for the number of years of study, regardless of the track or kind of study. Information on degree and/or technical track is available in EDATTAIN. Years of schooling for Israel, categorized into intervals, are given in YRSCHOOL2.
Users should pay close attention to the top-codes in each sample, as discussed in the comparability section.00None or pre-school011 year022 years033 years044 years055 years066 years077 years088 years099 years1010 years1111 years1212 years1313 years1414 years1515 years1616 years1717 years1818 years or more90Not specified91Some primary92Some technical after primary93Some secondary94Some tertiary95Adult literacy96Special education98Unknown/missing99NIU (not in universe)Education Variables -- PERSONEducational attainment, EthiopiaEDUCET indicates the person's educational attainment in Ethiopia in terms of the level of schooling completed.000NIU (not in universe)100No education110Literate or literacy program120Non-regular education130Pre-school201Basic education, Grade 1202Basic education, Grade 2203Basic education, Grade 3204Basic education, Grade 4205Basic education, Grade 5206Basic education, Grade 6207Basic education, Grade 7208Basic education, Grade 8209Basic education, Grade 9210Basic education, Grade 10211Basic education, Grade 11212Basic education, Grade 12300Certificate level 1 (10+1)310Certificate level 2 (10+2)311Certificate level 2 (10+2), incomplete312Certificate level 2 (10+2), complete320Diploma (10+3)321Diploma (10+3), year 1322Diploma (10+3), year 2323Diploma (10+3), complete400Certificate or diploma410Certificate420Diploma421Diploma, incomplete422Diploma, complete430Bachelor431Bachelor, incomplete432Bachelor, complete440Graduate school441Graduate, incomplete442Graduate, masters443Graduate, doctorate998UnknownEducation Variables -- PERSONOccupation, ISCO generalOCCISCO records the person's primary occupation, coded according to the major categories in the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) scheme for 1988. For someone with more than one job, the primary occupation is typically the one in which the person had spent the most time or earned the most money.01Legislators, senior officials and managers02Professionals03Technicians and associate professionals04Clerks05Service workers and shop and market sales06Skilled agricultural and fishery workers07Crafts and related trades workers08Plant and machine operators and assemblers09Elementary occupations10Armed forces11Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c.97Response suppressed98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Work Variables -- PERSONOccupation, unrecodedOCC records the person's primary occupation, classified according to the system used by the respective national census office at the time. For someone with more than one job, the primary occupation is usually the one in which the person spent the most time or earned the most money, although this may not have been explicit in the instructions for a specific census.
To ensure confidentiality, very small occupations are recoded to a residual category indicating the persons had an occupation, but the job title is not identified. The number of cases recoded should be too small to affect analyses.OCC is a 4-digit numeric variable.
Some samples use fewer than 4 digits. In those cases, the data are right-justified, and the extra leading digits are padded with zeroes.
Argentina 1970 - see Variable: AR1970A_OCC3 - Occupation [3 digit]
Argentina 1980 - see Variable: AR1980A_OCC - Occupation
Argentina 1991 - see Variable: AR1991A_OCC - Occupation
Argentina 2001 - see Variable: AR2001A_OCC4 - Occupation (4-digits)
Armenia 2011 - see Variable: AM2011A_OCC - Occupation
Austria 1971 - see Variable: AT1971A_OCCSM - Occupation of supporter: sub-major groups
Austria 1981 - see Variable: AT1981A_OCCSM - Occupation of supporter: sub-major groups
Austria 1991 - see Variable: AT1991A_OCCSM - Occupation of supporter: sub-major groups
Austria 2001 - see Variable: AT2001A_OCCSM - Occupation of supporter: sub-major groups
Belarus 1999 - see Variable: BY1999A_OCC2 - Occupation, 2 digits
Belarus 2009 - see Variable: BY2009A_OCC - Occupation
Benin 1979 - see Variable: BJ1979A_OCC - Occupation (2-digits)
Benin 1992 - see Variable: BJ1992A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digits)
Benin 2002 - see Variable: BJ2002A_OCC - Occupation (3-digits)
Benin 2013 - see Variable: BJ2013A_OCC - Occupation (3-digit)
Bolivia 1976 - see Variable: BO1976A_OCC2 - Occupation, 2 digits
Bolivia 1992 - see Variable: BO1992A_OCC - Occupation
Bolivia 2001 - see Variable: BO2001A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digits
Bolivia 2012 - see Variable: BO2012A_OCC2 - Occupation (3 digit)
Botswana 1981 - see Variable: BW1981A_OCC - Occupation
Botswana 1991 - see Variable: BW1991A_OCC - Occupation (last 30 days)
Botswana 2001 - see Variable: BW2001A_OCC - Occupation in the past 7 days, 3 digit
Botswana 2011 - see Variable: BW2011A_OCC - Occupation, 3-digits
Brazil 1960 - see Variable: BR1960A_USUALOCC - Usual occupation
Brazil 1970 - see Variable: BR1970A_MAINOCC - Principal occupation
Brazil 1980 - see Variable: BR1980A_OCC - Occupation
Brazil 1991 - see Variable: BR1991A_OCC - Occupation
Brazil 2000 - see Variable: BR2000A_OCC - Occupation, 4 digits
Brazil 2010 - see Variable: BR2010A_OCC - Occupation held from July 25 to July 31, 2010
Burkina Faso 1985 - see Variable: BF1985A_OCC - Principal occupation
Burkina Faso 1996 - see Variable: BF1996A_OCC - Principal occupation
Cambodia 1998 - see Variable: KH1998A_OCC - Occupation
Cambodia 2004 - see Variable: KH2004A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digits)
Cambodia 2008 - see Variable: KH2008A_OCC - Occupation
Cambodia 2013 - see Variable: KH2013A_OCC - Occupation (3-digits)
Cambodia 2019 - see Variable: KH2019A_OCC1 - Occupation, 1-digit
Cameroon 1976 - see Variable: CM1976A_OCC2 - Occupation (2 digits)
Cameroon 2005 - see Variable: CM2005A_OCC - Occupation
Canada 1971 - see Variable: CA1971A_OCC - Occupation
Canada 1981 - see Variable: CA1981A_OCC - Occupation (1981 classification basis)
Canada 1991 - see Variable: CA1991A_OCC80 - Occupation (1980 classification basis)
Canada 2001 - see Variable: CA2001A_NOCS01P - Occupation (2001 national occupational classification for statistics)
Canada 2011 - see Variable: CA2011A_OCC - Occupation
Chile 1960 - see Variable: CL1960A_OCC - Occupation
Chile 1970 - see Variable: CL1970A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit)
Chile 1982 - see Variable: CL1982A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit)
Chile 1992 - see Variable: CL1992A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit)
Chile 2002 - see Variable: CL2002A_OCC - Occupation
China 1982 - see Variable: CN1982A_OCC - Occupation
China 1990 - see Variable: CN1990A_OCC - Occupation
China 2000 - see Variable: CN2000A_OCC - Occupation (2-digit)
Colombia 1964 - see Variable: CO1964A_OCC2 - Occupation (COTA, 4 digits)
Colombia 1973 - see Variable: CO1973A_OCC - Occupation last week
Costa Rica 1973 - see Variable: CR1973A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits
Costa Rica 1984 - see Variable: CR1984A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digits
Costa Rica 2000 - see Variable: CR2000A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits
Costa Rica 2011 - see Variable: CR2011A_OCC - Occupation, 2-digit
Cuba 2002 - see Variable: CU2002A_OCC - Occupation
Cuba 2012 - see Variable: CU2012A_OCC3 - Main occupation (3-digit)
Côte d'Ivoire 1998 - see Variable: CI1998A_OCC2 - Current occupation (2-digit)
Dominican Republic 1960 - see Variable: DO1960A_OCC - Occupation
Dominican Republic 1970 - see Variable: DO1970A_OCC1 - Current occupation, 3 digits
Dominican Republic 1981 - see Variable: DO1981A_OCC - Occupation
Dominican Republic 2002 - see Variable: DO2002A_OCC - Occupation
Dominican Republic 2010 - see Variable: DO2010A_OCC - Occupation
Ecuador 1962 - see Variable: EC1962A_OCC - Occupation
Ecuador 1974 - see Variable: EC1974A_OCC3 - Occupation, three digits
Ecuador 1982 - see Variable: EC1982A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits
Ecuador 1990 - see Variable: EC1990A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits
Ecuador 2001 - see Variable: EC2001A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digits
Ecuador 2010 - see Variable: EC2010A_OCC3 - Occupation (3 digits, ISCO 08)
Egypt 1986 - see Variable: EG1986A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit)
Egypt 2006 - see Variable: EG2006A_OCC - Primary occupation, 3-digit
El Salvador 1992 - see Variable: SV1992A_OCC - Occupation (3-digit)
El Salvador 2007 - see Variable: SV2007A_OCC3DIG - Occupation (3-digit)
Ethiopia 1984 - see Variable: ET1984A_OCC2 - Occupation (2-digit)
Ethiopia 1994 - see Variable: ET1994A_OCC - Occupation
Fiji 1976 - see Variable: FJ1976A_OCC - Occupation
Fiji 1986 - see Variable: FJ1986A_OCC - Occupation
Fiji 1996 - see Variable: FJ1996A_OCC3 - Occupation (3 digits)
Fiji 2007 - see Variable: FJ2007A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits
Fiji 2014 - see Variable: FJ2014A_OCC3 - Occupation (3 digits)
Finland 2010 - see Variable: FI2010A_OCC - Occupation
France 1962 - see Variable: FR1962A_SOCCUP - SAPHIR occupation
France 1968 - see Variable: FR1968A_SOCC - SAPHIR occupation
France 1975 - see Variable: FR1975A_SOCC - SAPHIR occupation
France 1982 - see Variable: FR1982A_SOCC - SAPHIR occupation
France 1990 - see Variable: FR1990A_SOCC - Saphir occupation
France 1999 - see Variable: FR1999A_OCC - Occupation, ISCO
France 2006 - see Variable: FR2006A_PROF486 - Detailed profession (4-digit)
France 2011 - see Variable: FR2011A_PROF - Profession, 486 categories
Germany 1970 - see Variable: DE1970A_OCC - Occupation
Germany 1981 - see Variable: DE1981A_OCC - Occupation
Germany 1987 - see Variable: DE1987A_OCC - Occupation
Ghana 1984 - see Variable: GH1984A_OCC2 - Occupation, 2 digits
Ghana 2000 - see Variable: GH2000A_OCC - Occupation
Ghana 2010 - see Variable: GH2010A_OCC - Occupation (major groups)
Greece 1971 - see Variable: GR1971A_OCC - Occupation
Greece 1981 - see Variable: GR1981A_OCC - Occupation
Greece 1991 - see Variable: GR1991A_OCC - Occupation
Greece 2001 - see Variable: GR2001A_OCC - Occupation
Greece 2011 - see Variable: GR2011A_OCC - Occupation
Guatemala 1964 - see Variable: GT1964A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digits)
Guatemala 1973 - see Variable: GT1973A_OCC3 - Principal occupation (3-digits)
Guatemala 1981 - see Variable: GT1981A_OCC3 - Principal occupation (3-digits)
Guatemala 1994 - see Variable: GT1994A_OCC - Principal occupation (1-digit)
Guatemala 2002 - see Variable: GT2002A_OCC3 - Principal occupation (3-digits)
Guinea 1983 - see Variable: GN1983A_OCC2 - Occupation, 2 digits
Guinea 1996 - see Variable: GN1996A_OCC - Occupation
Guinea 2014 - see Variable: GN2014A_OCC - Occupation (3-digit)
Haiti 1982 - see Variable: HT1982A_OCC - Main occupation or profession
Haiti 2003 - see Variable: HT2003A_OCC2 - Occupation, 3 digits
Honduras 1961 - see Variable: HN1961A_OCC - Occupation (2-digits)
Honduras 1974 - see Variable: HN1974A_OCC2 - Occupation (3-digits)
Honduras 1988 - see Variable: HN1988A_OCC4 - Occupation (4-digits)
Honduras 2001 - see Variable: HN2001A_OCC - Occupation (4-digit)
Honduras 2013 - see Variable: HN2013A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit)
Hungary 1970 - see Variable: HU1970A_OCC - Occupation
Hungary 1980 - see Variable: HU1980A_OCC - Occupation, scope of activity
Hungary 1990 - see Variable: HU1990A_OCC - Occupation
Hungary 2001 - see Variable: HU2001A_OCC - Occupation
Hungary 2011 - see Variable: HU2011A_OCC - Occupation
Indonesia 1971 - see Variable: ID1971A_OCC - Occupation
Indonesia 1976 - see Variable: ID1976A_OCC - Primary occupation during past week
Indonesia 1980 - see Variable: ID1980A_OCC - Primary occupation during the previous week (3 digit version)
Indonesia 1985 - see Variable: ID1985A_OCC - Primary occupation
Indonesia 1990 - see Variable: ID1990A_OCC - Main occupation last week
Indonesia 1995 - see Variable: ID1995A_OCC - Occupation
Indonesia 2005 - see Variable: ID2005A_OCC - Occupation
Iran 2006 - see Variable: IR2006A_OCC4 - Occupation
Iran 2011 - see Variable: IR2011A_OCC - Occupation (3-digit)
Iraq 1997 - see Variable: IQ1997A_OCC - Occupation
Ireland 1971 - see Variable: IE1971A_OCC - Occupation
Ireland 1981 - see Variable: IE1981A_OCC - Occupation
Ireland 1986 - see Variable: IE1986A_OCC - Occupation group
Ireland 1991 - see Variable: IE1991A_OCC - Occupation group
Ireland 1996 - see Variable: IE1996A_OCC - Occupation
Ireland 2002 - see Variable: IE2002A_OCC - Occupation
Ireland 2006 - see Variable: IE2006A_OCC - Occupation group
Ireland 2011 - see Variable: IE2011A_OCC - Occupation (shuffled)
Ireland 2016 - see Variable: IE2016A_OCC - Occupation (groups)
Israel 1972 - see Variable: IL1972A_OCC - Occupation
Israel 1983 - see Variable: IL1983A_OCC - Occupation
Israel 1995 - see Variable: IL1995A_OCC - Occupation
Israel 2008 - see Variable: IL2008A_OCC - Occupation
Italy 2001 - see Variable: IT2001A_OCC - Occupation
Italy 2011 - see Variable: IT2011A_WKTYPE - Type of work
Jamaica 1982 - see Variable: JM1982A_OCC - Occupation during past week / in last job
Jamaica 1991 - see Variable: JM1991A_OCC - Occupation during past week/in last job
Jamaica 2001 - see Variable: JM2001A_OCC3 - Occupation 3-digit
Jordan 2004 - see Variable: JO2004A_OCC3 - Major current occupation (3-digit)
Kenya 1989 - see Variable: KE1989A_OCC4 - Occupation, 4 digits
Kenya 2019 - see Variable: KE2019A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit)
Kyrgyzstan 1999 - see Variable: KG1999A_OCC - Main activity
Laos 1995 - see Variable: LA1995A_OCC1 - Main occupation in the last 12 months (1-digit)
Lesotho 1996 - see Variable: LS1996A_OCC - Occupation (2-digits)
Lesotho 2006 - see Variable: LS2006A_OCC - Occupation (2-digits)
Liberia 1974 - see Variable: LR1974A_OCC2 - Occupation (2-digit)
Liberia 2008 - see Variable: LR2008A_OCC - Occupation
Malawi 1987 - see Variable: MW1987A_OCC2 - Occupation, 2 digit
Malawi 1998 - see Variable: MW1998A_OCC2 - Occupation, 2-digit
Malawi 2008 - see Variable: MW2008A_OCC2 - Occupation (2 digits)
Malawi 2018 - see Variable: MW2018A_OCC1 - Main occupation (1-digit)
Malaysia 1970 - see Variable: MY1970A_OCC - Occupation last week
Malaysia 1980 - see Variable: MY1980A_OCC3 - Principal occupation last week (3 digits)
Malaysia 1991 - see Variable: MY1991A_OCC3 - Principal occupation (3 digits)
Malaysia 2000 - see Variable: MY2000A_OCC3 - Occupation -- 3 digits
Mali 1987 - see Variable: ML1987A_OCC - Occupation last month
Mali 1998 - see Variable: ML1998A_OCC - Main occupation
Mali 2009 - see Variable: ML2009A_OCC - Principal occupation
Mauritius 1990 - see Variable: MU1990A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit)
Mauritius 2000 - see Variable: MU2000A_OCC4 - Occupation (4 digit)
Mauritius 2011 - see Variable: MU2011A_OCC4 - Occupation (4-digit)
Mexico 1960 - see Variable: MX1960A_OCC2 - Principal occupation, 2 digits
Mexico 1970 - see Variable: MX1970A_OCC3 - Occupation 3 digit
Mexico 1990 - see Variable: MX1990A_OCC - Occupation, 4 digits
Mexico 1995 - see Variable: MX1995A_OCC - Occupation
Mexico 2000 - see Variable: MX2000A_OCC4 - Occupation, 4 digits
Mexico 2010 - see Variable: MX2010A_OCC - Occupation or trade
Mexico 2015 - see Variable: MX2015A_OCC - Occupation
Mexico 2020 - see Variable: MX2020A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digits)
Mongolia 2000 - see Variable: MN2000A_OCC - Occupation
Mongolia 2010 - see Variable: MN2010A_OCC3 - Occupation 3 digits (ISCO-2008)
Mongolia 2020 - see Variable: MN2020A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit)
Morocco 1982 - see Variable: MA1982A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit)
Morocco 1994 - see Variable: MA1994A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3-digit
Morocco 2004 - see Variable: MA2004A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit)
Morocco 2014 - see Variable: MA2014A_OCC2 - Occupation (2-digit)
Mozambique 1997 - see Variable: MZ1997A_OCC2 - Occupation 3-digit
Mozambique 2007 - see Variable: MZ2007A_OCC - Occupation
Mozambique 2017 - see Variable: MZ2017A_OCC3 - Main occupation (3-digits ISCO 2008)
Myanmar 2014 - see Variable: MM2014A_OCC - Occupation
Nepal 2001 - see Variable: NP2001A_OCC - Usual occupation
Nepal 2011 - see Variable: NP2011A_OCC1 - Occupation (1-digit)
Netherlands 1960 - see Variable: NL1960A_OCC - Occupation
Netherlands 1971 - see Variable: NL1971A_OCC - Occupation
Netherlands 2001 - see Variable: NL2001A_OCC - Occupation
Netherlands 2011 - see Variable: NL2011A_OCC - Occupation (1-digit)
Nicaragua 1971 - see Variable: NI1971A_OCC - Occupation
Nicaragua 1995 - see Variable: NI1995A_OCC - Occupation (ISCO 88, 3 digits)
Nicaragua 2005 - see Variable: NI2005A_OCC3 - Occupation (ISCO 88, 3 digits)
Pakistan 1973 - see Variable: PK1973A_OCC3 - Occupation
Palestine 1997 - see Variable: PS1997A_OCC - Main occupation
Palestine 2007 - see Variable: PS2007A_OCC - Main occupation
Palestine 2017 - see Variable: PS2017A_OCC - Occupation
Panama 1960 - see Variable: PA1960A_OCC4 - Occupation (4-digit)
Panama 1970 - see Variable: PA1970A_OCC2 - Occupation, 2-digit
Panama 1980 - see Variable: PA1980A_OCC2 - Occupation (3-digit)
Panama 1990 - see Variable: PA1990A_OCC - Occupation
Panama 2000 - see Variable: PA2000A_OCC - Occupation
Panama 2010 - see Variable: PA2010A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digits
Papua New Guinea 1980 - see Variable: PG1980A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digits
Papua New Guinea 1990 - see Variable: PG1990A_OCC - Occupation
Papua New Guinea 2000 - see Variable: PG2000A_OCC - Occupation (4-digit)
Paraguay 1962 - see Variable: PY1962A_OCC1 - Occupation (1-digit)
Paraguay 1972 - see Variable: PY1972A_OCC3 - Occupation (3 digits)
Paraguay 1982 - see Variable: PY1982A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3-digits
Paraguay 1992 - see Variable: PY1992A_OCC2 - Main occupation, 3 digits
Paraguay 2002 - see Variable: PY2002A_OCC - Occupation (4 digits)
Peru 1993 - see Variable: PE1993A_OCC - Occupation (3 digits)
Peru 2007 - see Variable: PE2007A_OCC - Main occupation last week (3 digits)
Peru 2017 - see Variable: PE2017A_OCC1 - Occupation (1-digit, in primary job last week)
Philippines 1990 - see Variable: PH1990A_OCC - Occupation
Philippines 2000 - see Variable: PH2000A_OCC - Occupation
Philippines 2010 - see Variable: PH2010A_OCC3 - Usual occupation (3-digit)
Poland 1978 - see Variable: PL1978A_OCC - Occupation
Poland 1988 - see Variable: PL1988A_OCC - Main occupation
Poland 2002 - see Variable: PL2002A_OCC - Occupation
Portugal 1981 - see Variable: PT1981A_OCC - Main occupation
Portugal 1991 - see Variable: PT1991A_OCC - Main occupation
Portugal 2001 - see Variable: PT2001A_OCC - Main occupation
Portugal 2011 - see Variable: PT2011A_OCC - Main occupation
Puerto Rico 1970 - see Variable: PR1970A_OCC - Occupation
Puerto Rico 1980 - see Variable: PR1980A_OCC - Occupation
Puerto Rico 1990 - see Variable: PR1990A_OCC - Occupation
Puerto Rico 2000 - see Variable: PR2000A_OCC - Occupation
Puerto Rico 2005 - see Variable: PR2005A_OCC - Occupation
Puerto Rico 2010 - see Variable: PR2010A_OCC - Occupation
Puerto Rico 2015 - see Variable: PR2015A_OCC - Occupation last week
Puerto Rico 2020 - see Variable: PR2020A_OCC2010 - Occupation last week, 2010 basis
Romania 1992 - see Variable: RO1992A_OCC - Occupation
Romania 2002 - see Variable: RO2002A_OCC4 - Occupation, 4 digits
Romania 2011 - see Variable: RO2011A_OCC - Occupation (unrecoded)
Rwanda 2002 - see Variable: RW2002A_OCC - Occupation
Rwanda 2012 - see Variable: RW2012A_OCC2 - Occupation (3-digit)
Saint Lucia 1991 - see Variable: LC1991A_OCC - Occupation
Senegal 1988 - see Variable: SN1988A_OCC - Occupation
Senegal 2002 - see Variable: SN2002A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits
Senegal 2013 - see Variable: SN2013A_OCC3 - Profession or occupation (3-digit)
Sierra Leone 2004 - see Variable: SL2004A_OCC - Occupation
Sierra Leone 2015 - see Variable: SL2015A_OCC - Main occupation in the past 12 months
Slovakia 1991 - see Variable: SK1991A_OCC - Occupation (2-digit)
Slovakia 2001 - see Variable: SK2001A_OCC2 - Occupation (2-digit)
Slovakia 2011 - see Variable: SK2011A_OCC2 - Occupation (2-digit)
Slovenia 2002 - see Variable: SI2002A_OCC - Occupation
South Africa 1996 - see Variable: ZA1996A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits
South Africa 2001 - see Variable: ZA2001A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digit
South Africa 2007 - see Variable: ZA2007A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits
South Sudan 2008 - see Variable: SS2008A_OCC - Occupation
Spain 1981 - see Variable: ES1981A_OCC - Occupation
Spain 1991 - see Variable: ES1991A_OCC - Occupation
Spain 2001 - see Variable: ES2001A_OCC - Occupation
Spain 2011 - see Variable: ES2011A_OCC - Occupation, 2-digits
Sudan 2008 - see Variable: SD2008A_OCC - Occupation
Suriname 2004 - see Variable: SR2004A_OCC - Occupation
Suriname 2012 - see Variable: SR2012A_OCC - Occupation (groups)
Switzerland 1970 - see Variable: CH1970A_ISCO - Present occupation (ISCO)
Switzerland 1980 - see Variable: CH1980A_ISCO - Present occupation (ISCO-COM)
Switzerland 1990 - see Variable: CH1990A_ISCO4 - Present occupation (ISCO-COM)
Switzerland 2000 - see Variable: CH2000A_ISCO4 - Present occupation (ISCO-COM)
Switzerland 2011 - see Variable: CH2011A_OCC - Current occupation (1-digit, ISCO-08)
Tanzania 1988 - see Variable: TZ1988A_OCC - Occupation
Tanzania 2002 - see Variable: TZ2002A_OCC - Occupation last week
Tanzania 2012 - see Variable: TZ2012A_OCC - Occupation
Thailand 1970 - see Variable: TH1970A_OCC - Principal occupation last year
Thailand 1980 - see Variable: TH1980A_OCC - Occupation last year
Thailand 1990 - see Variable: TH1990A_OCC3 - Occupation last year
Thailand 2000 - see Variable: TH2000A_OCC3 - Occupation last year, 3 digits
Togo 1960 - see Variable: TG1960A_OCC - Occupation (3-digits)
Togo 1970 - see Variable: TG1970A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digits)
Togo 2010 - see Variable: TG2010A_OCC2 - Occupation (3-digits)
Trinidad and Tobago 1980 - see Variable: TT1980A_OCC - Main occupation (2-digit)
Trinidad and Tobago 1990 - see Variable: TT1990A_OCC - Main occupation during previous week (three digits)
Trinidad and Tobago 2000 - see Variable: TT2000A_OCC - Main occupation (3 digits)
Turkey 1985 - see Variable: TR1985A_OCC2 - Occupation (2-digit)
Turkey 1990 - see Variable: TR1990A_OCC2 - Current occupation (2 digits)
Turkey 2000 - see Variable: TR2000A_OCC2 - Current occupation, 2 digit
Uganda 1991 - see Variable: UG1991A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digits
Uganda 2002 - see Variable: UG2002A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digits
Uganda 2014 - see Variable: UG2014A_OCC - Occupation (2-digits)
United Kingdom 1961 - see Variable: UK1961A_OCC - Occupation
United Kingdom 1971 - see Variable: UK1971A_OCC - Occupation
United Kingdom 1991 - see Variable: UK1991A_OCC - Occupational classification
United Kingdom 2001 - see Variable: UK2001A_OCC3 - Standard occupational classification 2000-minor
United States 1960 - see Variable: US1960A_OCC - Occupation
United States 1970 - see Variable: US1970A_OCC - Occupation
United States 1980 - see Variable: US1980A_OCC - Occupation
United States 1990 - see Variable: US1990A_OCC - Occupation
United States 2000 - see Variable: US2000A_OCC - Occupation
United States 2005 - see Variable: US2005A_OCC2000M - Occupation, 2000 basis, modal category assignment
United States 2010 - see Variable: US2010A_OCC - Occupation
United States 2015 - see Variable: US2015A_OCC - Occupation last week
United States 2020 - see Variable: US2020A_OCC - Occupation last week
Uruguay 1963 - see Variable: UY1963A_OCC2 - Primary occupation [2-digit]
Uruguay 1975 - see Variable: UY1975A_OCC - Occupation (COTA, 3 digits)
Uruguay 1985 - see Variable: UY1985A_OCC - Occupation during the past week
Uruguay 1996 - see Variable: UY1996A_OCC - Occupation (ISCO 88, 3 digits)
Uruguay 2006 - see Variable: UY2006A_OCC3 - Occupation (ISCO-88, 3 digits)
Venezuela 1981 - see Variable: VE1981A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits
Venezuela 1990 - see Variable: VE1990A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digits
Venezuela 2001 - see Variable: VE2001A_OCC - Occupation
Vietnam 1989 - see Variable: VN1989A_OCC2 - Occupation, 2 digits
Vietnam 1999 - see Variable: VN1999A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digit
Vietnam 2009 - see Variable: VN2009A_OCC - Occupation
Vietnam 2019 - see Variable: VN2019A_OCC1 - Occupation, 1 digit
Zambia 1990 - see Variable: ZM1990A_OCC - Occupation
Zambia 2000 - see Variable: ZM2000A_OCC - Main occupation last 12 months, 3 digits
Zambia 2010 - see Variable: ZM2010A_OCC2 - Main occupation last 12 months, 3 digits
Zimbabwe 2012 - see Variable: ZW2012A_OCC - Occupation (3-digits)
Work Variables -- PERSONOccupation, ISCO-1988, 3-digitISCO88A provides the 3-digit occupation code for the respondent using the ISCO-1988 occupation classification.010Armed forces111Legislators112Senior government officials113Traditional chiefs and heads of villages114Senior officials of special-interest organizations121Directors and chief executives122Production and operations department managers123Other department managers131General managers199Legislators, senior officials and managers not elsewhere classified211Physicists, chemists and related professionals212Mathematicians, statisticians and related professionals213Computing professionals214Architects, engineers and related professionals221Life science professionals222Health professionals (except nursing)223Nursing and midwifery professionals231College, university and higher education teaching professionals232Secondary education teaching professionals233Primary and pre-primary education teaching professionals234Special education teaching professionals235Other teaching professionals241Business professionals242Legal professionals243Archivists, librarians and related information professionals244Social science and related professionals245Writers and creative or performing artists246Religious professionals299Professionals no elsewhere classified311Physical and engineering science technicians312Computer associate professionals313Optical and electronic equipment operators314Ship and aircraft controllers and technicians315Safety and quality inspectors321Life science technicians and related associate professionals322Modern health associate professionals (except nursing)323Nursing and midwifery associate professionals324Traditional medicine practitioners and faith healers331Primary education teaching associate professionals332Pre-primary education teaching associate professionals333Special education teaching associate professionals334Other teaching associate professionals341Finance and sales associate professionals342Business services agents and trade brokers343Administrative associate professionals344Customs, tax and related government associate professionals345Police inspectors and detectives346Social work associate professionals347Artistic, entertainment and sports associate professionals348Religious associate professionals399Technicians and associate professionals not elsewhere classified411Secretaries and keyboard-operating clerks412Numerical clerks413Material-recording and transport clerks414Library, mail and related clerks419Other office clerks421Cashiers, tellers and related clerks422Client information clerks499Clerks not elsewhere classified511Travel attendants and related workers512Housekeeping and restaurant services workers513Personal care and related workers514Other personal services workers515Astrologers, fortune-tellers and related workers516Protective services workers521Fashion and other models522Shop salespersons and demonstrators523Stall and market salespersons599Service workers and shop and market sales workers not elsewhere classified611Market gardeners and crop growers612Market-oriented animal producers and related workers613Market-oriented crop and animal producers614Forestry and related workers615Fishery workers, hunters and trappers621Subsistence agricultural and fishery workers699Skilled agricultural and fishery workers not elsewhere classified711Miners, shotfirers, stone cutters and carvers712Building frame and related trades workers713Building finishers and related trades workers714Painters, building structure cleaners and related trades workers721Metal moulders, welders, sheet-metal workers, structural- metal preparers, and related trades workers722Blacksmiths, tool-makers and related trades workers723Machinery mechanics and fitters724Electrical and electronic equipment mechanics and fitters731Precision workers in metal and related materials732Potters, glass-makers and related trades workers733Handicraft workers in wood, textile, leather and related materials734Printing and related trades workers741Food processing and related trades workers742Wood treaters, cabinet-makers and related trades workers743Textile, garment and related trades workers744Pelt, leather and shoemaking trades workers799Craft and related trade workers not elsewhere classified811Mining- and mineral-processing-plant operators812Metal-processing-plant operators813Glass, ceramics and related plant operators814Wood-processing- and papermaking-plant operators815Chemical-processing-plant operators816Power-production and related plant operators817Automated-assembly-line and industrial-robot operators821Metal- and mineral-products machine operators822Chemical-products machine operators823Rubber- and plastic-products machine operators824Wood-products machine operators825Printing-, binding- and paper-products machine operators826Textile-, fur- and leather-products machine operators827Food and related products machine operators828Assemblers829Other machine operators and assemblers831Locomotive-engine drivers and related workers832Motor-vehicle drivers833Agricultural and other mobile-plant operators834Ships' deck crews and related workers899Other plant and machine operaters and assemblers not elsewhere classified911Street vendors and related workers912Shoe cleaning and other street services elementary occupations913Domestic and related helpers, cleaners and launderers914Building caretakers, window and related cleaners915Messengers, porters, doorkeepers and related workers916Garbage collectors and related labourers921Agricultural, fishery and related labourers931Mining and construction labourers932Manufacturing labourers933Transport labourers and freight handlers989Elementary occupations not elsewhere classified990Other workers, not elsewhere classified998Unknown999NIU (not in universe)Work Variables -- PERSONIndustry, general recodeINDGEN recodes the industrial classifications of the various samples into twelve groups that can be fairly consistently identified across all available samples. The groupings roughly conform to the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). The third digit of INDGEN retains important detail among the service industries that could not be consistently distinguished in all samples.
"Industry" refers to the activity or product of the establishment or sector in which a person worked.000NIU (not in universe)010Agriculture, fishing, and forestry020Mining and extraction030Manufacturing040Electricity, gas, water and waste management050Construction060Wholesale and retail trade070Hotels and restaurants080Transportation, storage, and communications090Financial services and insurance100Public administration and defense110Services, not specified111Business services and real estate112Education113Health and social work114Other services120Private household services130Other industry, n.e.c.998Response suppressed999UnknownWork Variables -- PERSONIndustry, unrecoded"Industry" refers to the activity or product of the establishment or sector in which the person worked. IND is classified according to the system used by the respective national census office at the time, and is not recoded by IPUMS-International.IND is a 5-digit numeric variable.
Some samples use fewer than 5 digits. In those cases, the data are right-justified, and the extra leading digits are padded with zeroes.
Argentina 1970 - see Variable: AR1970A_IND4 - Industry [4 digit]
Argentina 1980 - see Variable: AR1980A_IND - Industry
Argentina 1991 - see Variable: AR1991A_IND - Industry
Argentina 2001 - see Variable: AR2001A_IND - Industry
Armenia 2001 - see Variable: AM2001A_IND - Principal activity at place of work
Armenia 2011 - see Variable: AM2011A_IND - Industry
Austria 1971 - see Variable: AT1971A_INDBR - Economic activity of supporter: branch
Austria 1981 - see Variable: AT1981A_INDBR - Economic activity of supporter: branch
Austria 1991 - see Variable: AT1991A_INDBR - Economic activity of supporter: branch
Austria 2001 - see Variable: AT2001A_INDBR - Economic activity of supporter: branch
Austria 2011 - see Variable: AT2011A_IND - Industry
Bangladesh 1991 - see Variable: BD1991A_IND - Industry
Bangladesh 2001 - see Variable: BD2001A_IND - Main work field
Bangladesh 2011 - see Variable: BD2011A_IND - Industry
Belarus 2009 - see Variable: BY2009A_ECONACT - Industry
Benin 1979 - see Variable: BJ1979A_IND - Industry (1-digit)
Benin 1992 - see Variable: BJ1992A_IND3 - Industry (2-digits)
Benin 2002 - see Variable: BJ2002A_IND2 - Industry (2-digits)
Benin 2013 - see Variable: BJ2013A_IND3 - Industry (3-digit)
Bolivia 1976 - see Variable: BO1976A_IND - Industry
Bolivia 1992 - see Variable: BO1992A_IND3 - Activity, 3 digits
Bolivia 2001 - see Variable: BO2001A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digits
Bolivia 2012 - see Variable: BO2012A_IND2 - Industry (2 digit)
Botswana 1981 - see Variable: BW1981A_IND - Industry
Botswana 1991 - see Variable: BW1991A_IND - Industry
Botswana 2001 - see Variable: BW2001A_IND - Industry
Botswana 2011 - see Variable: BW2011A_IND - Industry, 3-digits
Brazil 1960 - see Variable: BR1960A_INDUSTRY - Industry
Brazil 1970 - see Variable: BR1970A_INDUSTRY - Industry
Brazil 1980 - see Variable: BR1980A_INDUSTRY - Industry
Brazil 1991 - see Variable: BR1991A_IND - Industry
Brazil 2000 - see Variable: BR2000A_IND - Industry, 5 digits
Brazil 2010 - see Variable: BR2010A_IND - Industry of work from July 25 to July 31, 2010
Burkina Faso 1996 - see Variable: BF1996A_IND - Branch of activity
Cambodia 1998 - see Variable: KH1998A_IND - Industry
Cambodia 2004 - see Variable: KH2004A_IND3 - Industry (3-digits)
Cambodia 2008 - see Variable: KH2008A_IND - Industry
Cambodia 2013 - see Variable: KH2013A_IND - Industry (3-digits)
Cambodia 2019 - see Variable: KH2019A_IND3 - Industy (ISIC rev 4, 3-digit)
Cameroon 2005 - see Variable: CM2005A_IND - Industry
Canada 1971 - see Variable: CA1971A_IND - Industry
Canada 1981 - see Variable: CA1981A_IND - Industry (1981 standard industrial classification)
Canada 1991 - see Variable: CA1991A_IND80 - Industry (1980 standard industrial classification)
Canada 2001 - see Variable: CA2001A_IND80P - Industry (1980 Standard Industrial Classification)
Canada 2011 - see Variable: CA2011A_IND - Industry
Chile 1960 - see Variable: CL1960A_IND - Industry
Chile 1970 - see Variable: CL1970A_IND4 - Industry (4-digit)
Chile 1982 - see Variable: CL1982A_IND4 - Industry (4-digit)
Chile 1992 - see Variable: CL1992A_IND - Industry
Chile 2002 - see Variable: CL2002A_IND - Industry
Chile 2017 - see Variable: CL2017A_IND - Industry (1-digit)
China 1982 - see Variable: CN1982A_INDUSTRY - Industry
China 1990 - see Variable: CN1990A_IND - Industry
China 2000 - see Variable: CN2000A_IND - Industry (2-digit)
Colombia 1964 - see Variable: CO1964A_IND4 - Industry, 4 digits
Colombia 1973 - see Variable: CO1973A_IND - Industry
Colombia 1993 - see Variable: CO1993A_IND - Industry
Colombia 2005 - see Variable: CO2005A_IND - Industry (2-digit)
Costa Rica 1963 - see Variable: CR1963A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digits
Costa Rica 1973 - see Variable: CR1973A_IND4 - Industry, 4 digits
Costa Rica 1984 - see Variable: CR1984A_IND4 - Industry, 4 digits
Costa Rica 2000 - see Variable: CR2000A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digits
Costa Rica 2011 - see Variable: CR2011A_IND - Industry 2-digit
Cuba 2002 - see Variable: CU2002A_IND - Industry
Cuba 2012 - see Variable: CU2012A_IND - Industry
Côte d'Ivoire 1988 - see Variable: CI1988A_IND - Industry (1-digit)
Côte d'Ivoire 1998 - see Variable: CI1998A_IND2 - Industry sector (detailed)
Dominican Republic 1960 - see Variable: DO1960A_IND - Industry
Dominican Republic 1970 - see Variable: DO1970A_IND1 - Industry, 3 digits
Dominican Republic 1981 - see Variable: DO1981A_IND - Industry (3-digit)
Dominican Republic 2002 - see Variable: DO2002A_IND - Industry
Dominican Republic 2010 - see Variable: DO2010A_IND - Main activity of business
Ecuador 1962 - see Variable: EC1962A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digits
Ecuador 1982 - see Variable: EC1982A_IND3 - Industry
Ecuador 1990 - see Variable: EC1990A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digits
Ecuador 2001 - see Variable: EC2001A_IND - Industry, 3 digits
Ecuador 2010 - see Variable: EC2010A_IND3 - Industry (3 digits, ISIC rev 4)
Egypt 1986 - see Variable: EG1986A_IND3 - Industry (3-digit)
Egypt 1996 - see Variable: EG1996A_IND3 - Industry (ISIC)
Egypt 2006 - see Variable: EG2006A_IND - Industry, 3-digit
El Salvador 1992 - see Variable: SV1992A_IND - Industry (3-digit)
El Salvador 2007 - see Variable: SV2007A_IND3DIG - Industry (3-digit)
Ethiopia 1984 - see Variable: ET1984A_IND2 - Industry
Ethiopia 1994 - see Variable: ET1994A_IND - Industry
Fiji 1966 - see Variable: FJ1966A_IND - Industry
Fiji 1976 - see Variable: FJ1976A_IND - Industry
Fiji 1986 - see Variable: FJ1986A_IND - Industry 3 digits
Fiji 1996 - see Variable: FJ1996A_IND2DIG - Industry (2 digits)
Fiji 2007 - see Variable: FJ2007A_IND2 - Industry, 2 digits
Fiji 2014 - see Variable: FJ2014A_IND - Industry
Finland 2010 - see Variable: FI2010A_IND - Industry
France 1962 - see Variable: FR1962A_IND - Industry
France 1968 - see Variable: FR1968A_IND41 - Industry, 41 categories
France 1975 - see Variable: FR1975A_INDUN - Industry, UNO
France 1982 - see Variable: FR1982A_INDUN - Industry, United Nations nomenclature
France 1990 - see Variable: FR1990A_IND15 - Industry, 15 categories
France 1999 - see Variable: FR1999A_INDCITI - Industry, ISIC
France 2006 - see Variable: FR2006A_IND700N - Economic activity in 700 categories (2003 classification) numeric recode
France 2011 - see Variable: FR2011A_IND - Industry, 732 categories
Germany 1970 - see Variable: DE1970A_IND - Industry
Germany 1971 - see Variable: DE1971A_IND - Industry
Germany 1981 - see Variable: DE1981A_IND - Industry
Germany 1987 - see Variable: DE1987A_IND - Industry
Ghana 2000 - see Variable: GH2000A_IND - Industry
Ghana 2010 - see Variable: GH2010A_IND - Industry (major groups)
Greece 1971 - see Variable: GR1971A_IND - Industry
Greece 1981 - see Variable: GR1981A_IND - Industry
Greece 1991 - see Variable: GR1991A_IND - Industry
Greece 2001 - see Variable: GR2001A_IND - Industry
Greece 2011 - see Variable: GR2011A_IND - Industry
Guatemala 1964 - see Variable: GT1964A_IND3 - Field of economic activity (3-digits)
Guatemala 1973 - see Variable: GT1973A_IND3 - Industry (3-digits)
Guatemala 1981 - see Variable: GT1981A_IND3 - Industry (3-digits)
Guatemala 1994 - see Variable: GT1994A_IND2 - Field of economic activity (2-digits)
Guatemala 2002 - see Variable: GT2002A_IND1 - Field of economic activity (1-digit)
Guinea 1983 - see Variable: GN1983A_IND2 - Branch of economic activity, 2 digits
Guinea 2014 - see Variable: GN2014A_IND - Industry (3-digit)
Haiti 1982 - see Variable: HT1982A_IND - Branch of work
Haiti 2003 - see Variable: HT2003A_IND2 - Industry, 3 digits
Honduras 1961 - see Variable: HN1961A_IND - Industry (2-digits)
Honduras 1974 - see Variable: HN1974A_IND - Industry (3-digits)
Honduras 2001 - see Variable: HN2001A_IND - Industry (4-digit)
Honduras 2013 - see Variable: HN2013A_IND3 - Economic activity (3-digit)
Hungary 2001 - see Variable: HU2001A_IND - Industry, branch of economy
Hungary 2011 - see Variable: HU2011A_IND - Industry
Indonesia 1971 - see Variable: ID1971A_IND - Industry
Indonesia 1976 - see Variable: ID1976A_IND - Industry
Indonesia 1980 - see Variable: ID1980A_IND - Industry
Indonesia 1985 - see Variable: ID1985A_IND - Industry of primary occupation
Indonesia 1990 - see Variable: ID1990A_IND - Industry of main occupation last week
Indonesia 1995 - see Variable: ID1995A_IND - Industry
Indonesia 2000 - see Variable: ID2000A_IND - Industry of primary occupation
Indonesia 2005 - see Variable: ID2005A_IND - Industry
Indonesia 2010 - see Variable: ID2010A_IND - Industry
Iran 2006 - see Variable: IR2006A_IND4 - Industry
Iran 2011 - see Variable: IR2011A_IND - Industry (3-digit)
Iraq 1997 - see Variable: IQ1997A_IND - Industry
Ireland 1971 - see Variable: IE1971A_IND - Industry
Ireland 1981 - see Variable: IE1981A_IND - Industry class
Ireland 1986 - see Variable: IE1986A_IND - Industry class
Ireland 1991 - see Variable: IE1991A_IND - Industry class
Ireland 1996 - see Variable: IE1996A_IND - Industry class
Ireland 2002 - see Variable: IE2002A_IND - Industry class
Ireland 2006 - see Variable: IE2006A_IND - Industry class
Ireland 2011 - see Variable: IE2011A_IND - Industry
Ireland 2016 - see Variable: IE2016A_IND - Industry
Israel 1972 - see Variable: IL1972A_IND - Industry
Israel 1983 - see Variable: IL1983A_IND - Industry
Israel 1995 - see Variable: IL1995A_IND - Industry
Israel 2008 - see Variable: IL2008A_IND - Branch of economy
Italy 2001 - see Variable: IT2001A_IND - Industry
Italy 2011 - see Variable: IT2011A_IND - Sector of economic activity
Jamaica 1982 - see Variable: JM1982A_IND - Industry or type of business during past week / in last job
Jamaica 1991 - see Variable: JM1991A_IND3 - Industry during past week or in last job, 3 digits
Jamaica 2001 - see Variable: JM2001A_IND3 - Industry 3-digit
Jordan 2004 - see Variable: JO2004A_IND - Major current economic activity of the establishment
Kenya 2019 - see Variable: KE2019A_IND1 - Industry, ISIC section
Kyrgyzstan 1999 - see Variable: KG1999A_IND - Activity type of an enterprise you are working in
Kyrgyzstan 2009 - see Variable: KG2009A_IND - Type of industry, enterprise or organization
Laos 1995 - see Variable: LA1995A_IND2 - Main industry in the last 12 months (2-digit)
Laos 2005 - see Variable: LA2005A_IND3 - Industry (ISIC 3-digit)
Laos 2015 - see Variable: LA2015A_IND2 - Industry (2-digit ISIC Rev. 4)
Lesotho 2006 - see Variable: LS2006A_IND - Industry (2-digits)
Liberia 1974 - see Variable: LR1974A_IND - Industry (3-digit)
Liberia 2008 - see Variable: LR2008A_IND - Industry
Malawi 1987 - see Variable: MW1987A_IND2 - Industry, 2 digit
Malawi 1998 - see Variable: MW1998A_IND4 - Industry, 4-digit
Malawi 2008 - see Variable: MW2008A_IND2 - Main industry
Malawi 2018 - see Variable: MW2018A_IND3 - Main industry (ISIC 2008 3-digit)
Malaysia 1970 - see Variable: MY1970A_IND3 - Industry last week
Malaysia 1980 - see Variable: MY1980A_IND3 - Industry last week (3 digits)
Malaysia 1991 - see Variable: MY1991A_IND3 - Main industry (3 digits)
Malaysia 2000 - see Variable: MY2000A_IND3 - Main industry - 3 digits
Mali 1987 - see Variable: ML1987A_IND - Principal branch of employment last month
Mali 1998 - see Variable: ML1998A_IND - Branch of economic activity
Mali 2009 - see Variable: ML2009A_IND - Industry
Mauritius 1990 - see Variable: MU1990A_IND - Industry (1-digit)
Mauritius 2000 - see Variable: MU2000A_IND1 - Industry (1 digit)
Mauritius 2011 - see Variable: MU2011A_IND2 - Industry (2-digit)
Mexico 1960 - see Variable: MX1960A_IND - Industry
Mexico 1970 - see Variable: MX1970A_IND - Industry
Mexico 1990 - see Variable: MX1990A_IND5 - Industry, 5 digits
Mexico 1995 - see Variable: MX1995A_IND - Industry
Mexico 2000 - see Variable: MX2000A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digits
Mexico 2010 - see Variable: MX2010A_IND - Industry
Mexico 2015 - see Variable: MX2015A_IND - Industry
Mexico 2020 - see Variable: MX2020A_IND - Industry (4-digits)
Mongolia 2000 - see Variable: MN2000A_IND - Industry
Mongolia 2010 - see Variable: MN2010A_IND2 - Industry, division (ISIC Revision 4)
Mongolia 2020 - see Variable: MN2020A_IND3 - Main industry (3-digit)
Morocco 1982 - see Variable: MA1982A_IND3 - Industry (3-digit)
Morocco 1994 - see Variable: MA1994A_IND2 - Industry (2 digits)
Morocco 2004 - see Variable: MA2004A_IND2 - Sector of economic activity (2-digit)
Morocco 2014 - see Variable: MA2014A_IND2 - Industry (2-digit)
Mozambique 1997 - see Variable: MZ1997A_IND1 - Industry
Mozambique 2007 - see Variable: MZ2007A_IND - Industry
Mozambique 2017 - see Variable: MZ2017A_IND2 - Main economic activity (2-digits CAE Rev.2)
Myanmar 2014 - see Variable: MM2014A_IND - Industry
Nepal 2001 - see Variable: NP2001A_IND - Usual industry
Nepal 2011 - see Variable: NP2011A_IND - Industry (2-digit)
Netherlands 1960 - see Variable: NL1960A_IND - Industry
Netherlands 1971 - see Variable: NL1971A_IND - Industry
Netherlands 2001 - see Variable: NL2001A_IND - Industry
Netherlands 2011 - see Variable: NL2011A_IND - Industry (1-digit)
Nicaragua 1971 - see Variable: NI1971A_IND3 - Industry (ISIC2), 3 digits
Nicaragua 1995 - see Variable: NI1995A_IND - Industry (ISIC 3.1, 3 digits)
Nicaragua 2005 - see Variable: NI2005A_IND3 - Industry (ISIC 3.1, 3 digits))
Pakistan 1973 - see Variable: PK1973A_IND2 - Industry, 2 digit
Palestine 1997 - see Variable: PS1997A_IND - Industry
Palestine 2007 - see Variable: PS2007A_IND - Industry
Palestine 2017 - see Variable: PS2017A_IND - Industry
Panama 1960 - see Variable: PA1960A_IND3 - Industry (3 digit)
Panama 1970 - see Variable: PA1970A_IND3 - Industry [3 digit]
Panama 1980 - see Variable: PA1980A_IND - Industry, 3-digit
Panama 1990 - see Variable: PA1990A_IND3 - Industry - 3 Digits
Panama 2000 - see Variable: PA2000A_IND - Economic activity, 3 digits
Panama 2010 - see Variable: PA2010A_IND - Economic activity, 4 digits
Papua New Guinea 1980 - see Variable: PG1980A_IND - Industry, 3 digits
Papua New Guinea 2000 - see Variable: PG2000A_IND3 - Industry (3-digit)
Paraguay 1962 - see Variable: PY1962A_IND3 - Industry (3 digits)
Paraguay 1972 - see Variable: PY1972A_IND3 - Industry (3 digits)
Paraguay 1982 - see Variable: PY1982A_IND3 - Industry, 3-digits
Paraguay 1992 - see Variable: PY1992A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digits
Paraguay 2002 - see Variable: PY2002A_IND - Industry (4 digits)
Peru 1993 - see Variable: PE1993A_IND - Economic activity (4 digits)
Peru 2007 - see Variable: PE2007A_IND - Economic activity (4-digits)
Peru 2017 - see Variable: PE2017A_IND4 - Economic activity (4-digits, in primary job last week)
Philippines 1990 - see Variable: PH1990A_IND - Industry
Philippines 1995 - see Variable: PH1995A_IND - Industry
Philippines 2000 - see Variable: PH2000A_IND - Industry
Philippines 2010 - see Variable: PH2010A_IND3 - Kind of business or industry (3-digit)
Poland 1978 - see Variable: PL1978A_IND - Industry (of person providing support)
Poland 2002 - see Variable: PL2002A_IND - Industry (main employer)
Portugal 1981 - see Variable: PT1981A_IND - Industry
Portugal 1991 - see Variable: PT1991A_IND - Industry
Portugal 2001 - see Variable: PT2001A_IND - Industry
Portugal 2011 - see Variable: PT2011A_IND - Industry
Puerto Rico 1970 - see Variable: PR1970A_IND1990 - Industry, 1990 basis
Puerto Rico 1980 - see Variable: PR1980A_IND1990 - Industry, 1990 basis
Puerto Rico 1990 - see Variable: PR1990A_IND - Industry
Puerto Rico 2000 - see Variable: PR2000A_IND1990 - Industry, 1990 basis
Puerto Rico 2005 - see Variable: PR2005A_IND1990 - Industry, 1990 basis
Puerto Rico 2010 - see Variable: PR2010A_IND - Industry
Puerto Rico 2015 - see Variable: PR2015A_IND - Industry
Puerto Rico 2020 - see Variable: PR2020A_IND - Industry
Romania 1977 - see Variable: RO1977A_IND - Industry of supporter
Romania 1977 - see Variable: RO1977A_WKACT - Activity category
Romania 1992 - see Variable: RO1992A_IND - Industry
Romania 2002 - see Variable: RO2002A_IND - Industry
Romania 2011 - see Variable: RO2011A_INDGEN - Industry (general categories)
Rwanda 2002 - see Variable: RW2002A_IND - Industry
Rwanda 2012 - see Variable: RW2012A_IND2 - Industry (3-digit)
Saint Lucia 1991 - see Variable: LC1991A_IND3 - Industry, 2 digit
Senegal 1988 - see Variable: SN1988A_IND - Industry
Senegal 2013 - see Variable: SN2013A_IND3 - Industry (3-digit)
Sierra Leone 2004 - see Variable: SL2004A_IND - Industry
Slovenia 2002 - see Variable: SI2002A_IND - Industry
South Africa 1996 - see Variable: ZA1996A_IND2 - Industry, 2 digits
South Africa 2001 - see Variable: ZA2001A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digit
South Africa 2007 - see Variable: ZA2007A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digit
South Sudan 2008 - see Variable: SS2008A_IND - Industry
Spain 1981 - see Variable: ES1981A_IND - Industry
Spain 1991 - see Variable: ES1991A_IND - Activity of the establishment
Spain 2001 - see Variable: ES2001A_IND - Industry
Spain 2011 - see Variable: ES2011A_IND - Industry, 2-digits
Sudan 2008 - see Variable: SD2008A_IND - Industry
Suriname 2004 - see Variable: SR2004A_IND - Industry
Suriname 2012 - see Variable: SR2012A_IND - Industry (groups)
Switzerland 1970 - see Variable: CH1970A_IND - Branch of economic activity (industry)
Switzerland 1980 - see Variable: CH1980A_IND - Branch of economic activity (industry)
Switzerland 1990 - see Variable: CH1990A_IND - Branch of economic activity (industry)
Switzerland 2000 - see Variable: CH2000A_IND - Branch of economic activity (industry)
Switzerland 2011 - see Variable: CH2011A_IND2 - Industry of local unit, workplace (NOGA 2-digit)
Tanzania 2002 - see Variable: TZ2002A_IND - Industry last week
Tanzania 2012 - see Variable: TZ2012A_IND - Industry
Thailand 1970 - see Variable: TH1970A_IND - Principal industry last year
Thailand 1980 - see Variable: TH1980A_IND - Principal industry last year
Thailand 1990 - see Variable: TH1990A_IND3 - Principal industry last year, 3 digits
Thailand 2000 - see Variable: TH2000A_IND3 - Industry last year, 3 digits
Togo 1970 - see Variable: TG1970A_IND - Industry (1-digit)
Togo 2010 - see Variable: TG2010A_IND3 - Industry (3-digits)
Trinidad and Tobago 1980 - see Variable: TT1980A_IND - Industry (2-digit)
Trinidad and Tobago 1990 - see Variable: TT1990A_IND - Industry
Trinidad and Tobago 2000 - see Variable: TT2000A_IND - Industry (2 digits)
Turkey 1985 - see Variable: TR1985A_INDALT - Industry (2-digit)
Turkey 1990 - see Variable: TR1990A_IND2 - Industry (2 digits)
Turkey 2000 - see Variable: TR2000A_IND2 - Industry, 2 digit
Uganda 2002 - see Variable: UG2002A_IND - Industry
United Kingdom 1961 - see Variable: UK1961A_IND - Industry
United Kingdom 1971 - see Variable: UK1971A_IND - Industry
United Kingdom 1991 - see Variable: UK1991A_IND - Industrial classification
United Kingdom 2001 - see Variable: UK2001A_IND - Industry classification
United States 1960 - see Variable: US1960A_IND - Industry
United States 1970 - see Variable: US1970A_IND - Industry
United States 1980 - see Variable: US1980A_IND - Industry
United States 1990 - see Variable: US1990A_IND - Industry
United States 2000 - see Variable: US2000A_IND - Industry
United States 2005 - see Variable: US2005A_IND - Industry
United States 2010 - see Variable: US2010A_IND - Industry
United States 2015 - see Variable: US2015A_IND - Industry
United States 2020 - see Variable: US2020A_IND - Industry
Uruguay 1963 - see Variable: UY1963A_IND2 - Primary industry [2-digit]
Uruguay 1985 - see Variable: UY1985A_IND - Industry during the past week
Uruguay 1996 - see Variable: UY1996A_IND2 - Industry (ISIC 3, 2 digits)
Uruguay 2006 - see Variable: UY2006A_IND3 - Industry (ISIC rev 3, 3 digits)
Venezuela 1981 - see Variable: VE1981A_IND - Industry
Venezuela 1990 - see Variable: VE1990A_IND - Industry
Venezuela 2001 - see Variable: VE2001A_IND - Industry
Vietnam 1989 - see Variable: VN1989A_IND2 - Industry, 2 digits
Vietnam 1999 - see Variable: VN1999A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digit
Vietnam 2009 - see Variable: VN2009A_IND - Industry
Vietnam 2019 - see Variable: VN2019A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digit
Zambia 1990 - see Variable: ZM1990A_IND - Industry
Zambia 2000 - see Variable: ZM2000A_IND - Type of industry, 3 digits
Zambia 2010 - see Variable: ZM2010A_IND2 - Industry, 3 digits
Work Variables -- PERSONStatus in employment (class of worker) [general version]CLASSWK refers to the status of an economically active person with respect to his or her employment -- that is, the type of explicit or implicit contract of employment with other persons or organizations that the person has in his/her job. In general, the variable indicates whether a person was self-employed, or worked for someone else, either for pay or as an unpaid family worker. CLASSWK is related to EMPSTAT, which is used to define the universe in many samples.
Class of worker is often referred to as "status in employment" in other sources.0NIU (not in universe)1Self-employed2Wage/salary worker3Unpaid worker4Other9Unknown/missingWork Variables -- PERSONStatus in employment (class of worker) [detailed version]CLASSWK refers to the status of an economically active person with respect to his or her employment -- that is, the type of explicit or implicit contract of employment with other persons or organizations that the person has in his/her job. In general, the variable indicates whether a person was self-employed, or worked for someone else, either for pay or as an unpaid family worker. CLASSWK is related to EMPSTAT, which is used to define the universe in many samples.
Class of worker is often referred to as "status in employment" in other sources.000NIU (not in universe)100Self-employed101Self-employed, unincorporated102Self-employed, incorporated110Employer111Sharecropper, employer120Working on own account121Own account, agriculture122Domestic worker, self-employed123Subsistence worker, own consumption124Own account, other125Own account, without temporary/unpaid help126Own account, with temporary/unpaid help130Member of cooperative140Sharecropper141Sharecropper, self-employed142Sharecropper, employee150Kibbutz member199Self-employed, not specified200Wage/salary worker201Management202Non-management203White collar (non-manual)204Blue collar (manual)205White or blue collar206Day laborer207Employee, with a permanent job208Employee, occasional, temporary, contract209Employee without legal contract210Wage/salary worker, private employer211Apprentice212Religious worker213Wage/salary worker, non-profit, NGO214White collar, private215Blue collar, private216Paid family worker217Cooperative employee220Wage/salary worker, government or public sector221Federal, government employee222State government employee223Local government employee224White collar, public225Blue collar, public226Public companies227Civil servants, local collectives230Domestic worker (work for private household)240Seasonal migrant241Seasonal migrant, no broker242Seasonal migrant, uses broker250Other wage and salary251Canal zone/commission employee252Government employment/training program253Mixed state/private enterprise/parastatal254Government public work program255State enterprise employee256Coordinated and continuous collaboration job300Unpaid worker310Unpaid family worker320Apprentice, unpaid or unspecified330Trainee340Apprentice or trainee350Works for others without wage400Other999Unknown/missingWork Variables -- PERSONDays worked last weekDAYSWRK indicates the number of days worked by the person during the week preceding the enumeration.0Did not work11 day22 days33 days44 days55 days66 days77 days8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Work Variables -- PERSONYears residing in current localityMIGYRS1 indicates how many years the person has resided in their current locality of residence.00Less than 1 year011 year (or 1 year or less)022 years03304405506607708809910101111121213131414151516161717181819192020212122222323242425252626272728282929303031313232333334343535363637373838393940404141424243434444454546464747484849495050515152525353545455555656575758585959606061616262636364646565666667676868696970707171727273737474757576767777787879798080818182828383848485858686878788888989909091919292939394949595+ years96Less than 5 years97More than 5 years98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Migration: Global Variables -- PERSONDisability statusDISABLED indicates whether the person reported a disability of any kind.0NIU (not in universe)1Yes, disabled2No, not disabled9UnknownDisability Variables -- PERSONEmployment disabilityDISEMP indicates if the respondent was economically inactive because of disabilities or, in some instances, other health-related reasons.1Disabled2Not disabled8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Disability Variables -- PERSONBlind or vision-impairedDISBLND indicates whether the person was blind or had limited vision.0NIU (not in universe)1Yes2No9UnknownDisability Variables -- PERSONDeaf or hearing-impairedDISDEAF indicates whether the person was deaf or had limited hearing.0NIU (not in universe)1Yes2No9UnknownDisability Variables -- PERSONMute or speech impairedDISMUTE indicates if the person could not speak or had a significant speech impediment.0NIU (not in universe)1Yes2No9UnknownDisability Variables -- PERSONDisability affecting lower extremitiesDISLOWR indicates whether the person lacked use of one or both legs.0NIU (not in universe)1Yes2No9UnknownDisability Variables -- PERSONDisability affecting upper extremitiesDISUPPR indicates whether the person lacked full use of at least one arm or hand.0NIU (not in universe)1Yes2No9UnknownDisability Variables -- PERSONPerson number (within household)Ethiopia 1994: All recordsThis variable indicates the person number (within household).00Household record011022033044055066077088099101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727282829293030Technical Person Variables -- PERSONResidence status<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>15. Residence status</p>
<div class="i1">[] Resident present<br />[] Resident absent<br />[] Visitor</div><span class="h3">Section 3: Particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>Before collecting information about household members, the definition of head of household and usual household member should be well appreciated. Therefore, the concept of household given in section 2 of chapter two should be appropriately understood.</p>
<p><span class="em">A. Usual member of a household</span>
<br />A person is said to be a usual member of the household if he/she lives at least six months of the year continuously with the household. In addition, a person is considered to be a usual member of the household if he/she has the intention to live with the household forever even though he/she lived with the household less than six months. Persons who left their household temporarily for less than six months are considered as usual member of their households. However, persons are not considered as usual members of the household if they left their households for six months or more, or who left their households for less than six months but have the intention to leave for more than six months.</p>
<p>The following members of the household are considered usual household members: </p>
<div class="i1">a. All persons who lived with the household for at least six month during the census year.<br />b. All persons who have the intention to stay with the household for six months or more even though they stayed with the household for less than six months. For example, if a woman married a man and went to live in her husband's home during the census year, she is considered as a usual member of her husband's household even if she has lived in her husband's home for less than six months. Similarly, if a person got a job and went to live with another household forever, he is considered as the usual member of this new household where he is found during the census even if he has been living with this new household for less than six months.<br />c. House maids who usually stay the nights with the household and who do not have another residence.<br />d. Persons who left the household temporarily for less than six months. For example, persons who are on annual leave, persons who went to another place for holiday, inpatient persons, persons who went to visit relatives and persons who went to other places for business.<br />e. All persons who do not have permanent residence and who live with the household during the census. For example, if individuals do not have permanent residence but they live in various houses, they are considered to be usual member of the house hold where they are found on the enumeration day.<br />f. Students. Students who left their households, relatives or usual place of residence to attend school in regular schools, colleges, universities, etc. should be counted in the place where they are attending school. During the enumeration, if the students went back to their households or relatives due to a school break, they should be enumerated as usual members of their households. Students who are attending school by hiring service houses or who live with relatives away from their usual households, they should be enumerated in the area where they actually live during the census even though they commute weekly or monthly to bring their ration or to visit their households. However, students who commute daily to attend school are considered usual members of their households.</div><span class="em">Orphanages, boarding school students, inmates of correctional facilities and other collective quarters</span>
<br />An inmate of an orphanage, boarding school (including universities and colleges which have lodging facilities), correctional facility or other collective quarters (e.g. homes for the elderly, monasteries, etc.) should be enumerated as a member of the collective quarters during the census. However, persons who are temporarily detained in a police station or in another temporary prison facility should be counted as usual members of their households regardless of the length of stay in these places.</p>
<p><span class="em">B. Visitors</span>
<br />A visitor is any relative or non-relative person who is not a usual member of the household but spent the census night in the household.</p>
<p><span class="em">C. Head of household</span>
<br />A head of household is a person who is a usual member (male or female) in the household acknowledged as head by the other members. If a man has two or more wives who live in separate households, he will be enumerated as head of the household with his oldest living wife (first married) if he is recognized as head. Other wives will be enumerated with their households as head or member of the households.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 13: Serial number of members of the household and visitors</span>
<br />The questionnaire has space to list up to ten members of a household. If the number of the members of the household is greater than ten, it is necessary to use an additional questionnaire. In this situation, the serial numbers given in column 13 (01-10) are corrected as 11, 12, 13, etc. until all members and visitors are listed.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 15: Residence status</span>
<br />The residence status of all members of the household and visitors should be asked and the appropriate code entered in the space provided. Three types of residence and their codes are given below.</p>
<div class="i1">a. Resident present on the census day: usual member of the household who was present in the household on the census day.<br />b. Resident absent on the census day: usual member of the household who was absent from the household on the census day.<br />c. Visitor: person who was not a usual member of the household but spent the night of the census with the household.</div><span class="em">Remark</span>: Visitors should be listed after all usual members of the household have been listed. For visitors, only information on residence status, relationship, sex and age will be collected. The remaining questions (columns 19 - 38 and section 4) do not concern visitors and no information should be recorded.Ethiopia 1994: All personsThis variable indicates the person's residence status.1Resident present2Resident absent3VisitorTechnical Person Variables -- PERSONRelationship to household head<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>16. Relationship to head of household</p>
<div class="i1">[] 0 Head<br />[] 1 Spouse<br />[] 2 Son/daughter of head and spouse<br />[] 3 Son/daughter of head<br />[] 4 Son/daughter of spouse<br />[] 5 Mother or father of head/spouse<br />[] 6 Brother or sister of head/spouse<br />[] 7 Other relatives<br />[] 8 Non relatives</div><span class="h3">Section 3: Particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>Before collecting information about household members, the definition of head of household and usual household member should be well appreciated. Therefore, the concept of household given in section 2 of chapter two should be appropriately understood.</p>
<p><span class="em">A. Usual member of a household</span>
<br />A person is said to be a usual member of the household if he/she lives at least six months of the year continuously with the household. In addition, a person is considered to be a usual member of the household if he/she has the intention to live with the household forever even though he/she lived with the household less than six months. Persons who left their household temporarily for less than six months are considered as usual member of their households. However, persons are not considered as usual members of the household if they left their households for six months or more, or who left their households for less than six months but have the intention to leave for more than six months.</p>
<p>The following members of the household are considered usual household members: </p>
<div class="i1">a. All persons who lived with the household for at least six month during the census year.<br />b. All persons who have the intention to stay with the household for six months or more even though they stayed with the household for less than six months. For example, if a woman married a man and went to live in her husband's home during the census year, she is considered as a usual member of her husband's household even if she has lived in her husband's home for less than six months. Similarly, if a person got a job and went to live with another household forever, he is considered as the usual member of this new household where he is found during the census even if he has been living with this new household for less than six months.<br />c. House maids who usually stay the nights with the household and who do not have another residence.<br />d. Persons who left the household temporarily for less than six months. For example, persons who are on annual leave, persons who went to another place for holiday, inpatient persons, persons who went to visit relatives and persons who went to other places for business.<br />e. All persons who do not have permanent residence and who live with the household during the census. For example, if individuals do not have permanent residence but they live in various houses, they are considered to be usual member of the house hold where they are found on the enumeration day.<br />f. Students. Students who left their households, relatives or usual place of residence to attend school in regular schools, colleges, universities, etc. should be counted in the place where they are attending school. During the enumeration, if the students went back to their households or relatives due to a school break, they should be enumerated as usual members of their households. Students who are attending school by hiring service houses or who live with relatives away from their usual households, they should be enumerated in the area where they actually live during the census even though they commute weekly or monthly to bring their ration or to visit their households. However, students who commute daily to attend school are considered usual members of their households.</div><span class="em">Orphanages, boarding school students, inmates of correctional facilities and other collective quarters</span>
<br />An inmate of an orphanage, boarding school (including universities and colleges which have lodging facilities), correctional facility or other collective quarters (e.g. homes for the elderly, monasteries, etc.) should be enumerated as a member of the collective quarters during the census. However, persons who are temporarily detained in a police station or in another temporary prison facility should be counted as usual members of their households regardless of the length of stay in these places.</p>
<p><span class="em">B. Visitors</span>
<br />A visitor is any relative or non-relative person who is not a usual member of the household but spent the census night in the household.</p>
<p><span class="em">C. Head of household</span>
<br />A head of household is a person who is a usual member (male or female) in the household acknowledged as head by the other members. If a man has two or more wives who live in separate households, he will be enumerated as head of the household with his oldest living wife (first married) if he is recognized as head. Other wives will be enumerated with their households as head or member of the households.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 13: Serial number of members of the household and visitors</span>
<br />The questionnaire has space to list up to ten members of a household. If the number of the members of the household is greater than ten, it is necessary to use an additional questionnaire. In this situation, the serial numbers given in column 13 (01-10) are corrected as 11, 12, 13, etc. until all members and visitors are listed.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 16: Relationship to head of the household</span>
<br />The head of the household should always be listed in the first line of column 14. For column 16, since the person listed in the first line is the head of the household write "head" in the space provided and enter code 0 in the given card column. Then, by asking the respondent, write the relationship of each member of the household to the head the code of the relationship in the appropriate space.</p>
<p>For example, if the wife is listed next to the head write "wife" and enter code 2 (the spouse code) in space provided. If the head has more than one wife (if they are the members of the household), write the relationship as "first wife", "second wife", etc. in this column. For children, write their father and/or mother's serial number (column 13) when you write the relationship to the head of the head since different codes are assigned according to their relationship. For example, son/daughter of 10 and 02, or son/daughter of 01 only, son/daughter of 02 only, etc.</p>
<p>The relationship of the usual members of the household should be correctly identified and the appropriate relationship should be written for each member of the household and the correct code should be entered in given card column. The relationship codes are given below.</p>
<div class="i1">0 = Head<br />1 = Spouse (wife/husband)<br />2 = Son/daughter of the head and/or spouse<br />3 = Son/daughter of head<br />4 = Son/daughter of spouse <br />5 = Mother or father of head/spouse<br />6 = Sister or brother of head/spouse<br />7 = Other relative (adopted child, godchild, etc.)<br />8 = Non-relative</div><p>Inmates of hotels/hostels, inmates of other collective quarters, and homeless persons should be given code 8.Ethiopia 1994: All personsThis variable indicates the person's relationship to household head.0Head1Spouse2Child of head and spouse3Child of head4Child of spouse5Parents6Sister or brother7Other relatives8Not relatives9UnknownDemographic Variables -- PERSONSex<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>17. What is [person]'s sex?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Male<br />[] 2 Female</div><span class="h3">Section 3: Particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>Before collecting information about household members, the definition of head of household and usual household member should be well appreciated. Therefore, the concept of household given in section 2 of chapter two should be appropriately understood.</p>
<p><span class="em">A. Usual member of a household</span>
<br />A person is said to be a usual member of the household if he/she lives at least six months of the year continuously with the household. In addition, a person is considered to be a usual member of the household if he/she has the intention to live with the household forever even though he/she lived with the household less than six months. Persons who left their household temporarily for less than six months are considered as usual member of their households. However, persons are not considered as usual members of the household if they left their households for six months or more, or who left their households for less than six months but have the intention to leave for more than six months.</p>
<p>The following members of the household are considered usual household members: </p>
<div class="i1">a. All persons who lived with the household for at least six month during the census year.<br />b. All persons who have the intention to stay with the household for six months or more even though they stayed with the household for less than six months. For example, if a woman married a man and went to live in her husband's home during the census year, she is considered as a usual member of her husband's household even if she has lived in her husband's home for less than six months. Similarly, if a person got a job and went to live with another household forever, he is considered as the usual member of this new household where he is found during the census even if he has been living with this new household for less than six months.<br />c. House maids who usually stay the nights with the household and who do not have another residence.<br />d. Persons who left the household temporarily for less than six months. For example, persons who are on annual leave, persons who went to another place for holiday, inpatient persons, persons who went to visit relatives and persons who went to other places for business.<br />e. All persons who do not have permanent residence and who live with the household during the census. For example, if individuals do not have permanent residence but they live in various houses, they are considered to be usual member of the house hold where they are found on the enumeration day.<br />f. Students. Students who left their households, relatives or usual place of residence to attend school in regular schools, colleges, universities, etc. should be counted in the place where they are attending school. During the enumeration, if the students went back to their households or relatives due to a school break, they should be enumerated as usual members of their households. Students who are attending school by hiring service houses or who live with relatives away from their usual households, they should be enumerated in the area where they actually live during the census even though they commute weekly or monthly to bring their ration or to visit their households. However, students who commute daily to attend school are considered usual members of their households.</div><span class="em">Orphanages, boarding school students, inmates of correctional facilities and other collective quarters</span>
<br />An inmate of an orphanage, boarding school (including universities and colleges which have lodging facilities), correctional facility or other collective quarters (e.g. homes for the elderly, monasteries, etc.) should be enumerated as a member of the collective quarters during the census. However, persons who are temporarily detained in a police station or in another temporary prison facility should be counted as usual members of their households regardless of the length of stay in these places.</p>
<p><span class="em">B. Visitors</span>
<br />A visitor is any relative or non-relative person who is not a usual member of the household but spent the census night in the household.</p>
<p><span class="em">C. Head of household</span>
<br />A head of household is a person who is a usual member (male or female) in the household acknowledged as head by the other members. If a man has two or more wives who live in separate households, he will be enumerated as head of the household with his oldest living wife (first married) if he is recognized as head. Other wives will be enumerated with their households as head or member of the households.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 13: Serial number of members of the household and visitors</span>
<br />The questionnaire has space to list up to ten members of a household. If the number of the members of the household is greater than ten, it is necessary to use an additional questionnaire. In this situation, the serial numbers given in column 13 (01-10) are corrected as 11, 12, 13, etc. until all members and visitors are listed.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 17: Sex</span>
<br />In this column, the sex of each member of the household, "m" for male and "f" for female, should be entered in the card column. The sex of a person should not be determined by guessing based on the name of the person because some names are used for both sexes. Additionally, great care should be taken while writing the members' sexes because, in some areas, males are named by females' name and females are named by males' name.Ethiopia 1994: All personsThis variable indicates the person's sex.1Male2FemaleDemographic Variables -- PERSONAge<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>18. Age</p>
<div class="i1">What is [person]'s age? Enter in completed years. If [person]'s age is less than one year, enter 00 in the column.<br />_ _</div><span class="h3">Section 3: Particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>Before collecting information about household members, the definition of head of household and usual household member should be well appreciated. Therefore, the concept of household given in section 2 of chapter two should be appropriately understood.</p>
<p><span class="em">A. Usual member of a household</span>
<br />A person is said to be a usual member of the household if he/she lives at least six months of the year continuously with the household. In addition, a person is considered to be a usual member of the household if he/she has the intention to live with the household forever even though he/she lived with the household less than six months. Persons who left their household temporarily for less than six months are considered as usual member of their households. However, persons are not considered as usual members of the household if they left their households for six months or more, or who left their households for less than six months but have the intention to leave for more than six months.</p>
<p>The following members of the household are considered usual household members: </p>
<div class="i1">a. All persons who lived with the household for at least six month during the census year.<br />b. All persons who have the intention to stay with the household for six months or more even though they stayed with the household for less than six months. For example, if a woman married a man and went to live in her husband's home during the census year, she is considered as a usual member of her husband's household even if she has lived in her husband's home for less than six months. Similarly, if a person got a job and went to live with another household forever, he is considered as the usual member of this new household where he is found during the census even if he has been living with this new household for less than six months.<br />c. House maids who usually stay the nights with the household and who do not have another residence.<br />d. Persons who left the household temporarily for less than six months. For example, persons who are on annual leave, persons who went to another place for holiday, inpatient persons, persons who went to visit relatives and persons who went to other places for business.<br />e. All persons who do not have permanent residence and who live with the household during the census. For example, if individuals do not have permanent residence but they live in various houses, they are considered to be usual member of the house hold where they are found on the enumeration day.<br />f. Students. Students who left their households, relatives or usual place of residence to attend school in regular schools, colleges, universities, etc. should be counted in the place where they are attending school. During the enumeration, if the students went back to their households or relatives due to a school break, they should be enumerated as usual members of their households. Students who are attending school by hiring service houses or who live with relatives away from their usual households, they should be enumerated in the area where they actually live during the census even though they commute weekly or monthly to bring their ration or to visit their households. However, students who commute daily to attend school are considered usual members of their households.</div><span class="em">Orphanages, boarding school students, inmates of correctional facilities and other collective quarters</span>
<br />An inmate of an orphanage, boarding school (including universities and colleges which have lodging facilities), correctional facility or other collective quarters (e.g. homes for the elderly, monasteries, etc.) should be enumerated as a member of the collective quarters during the census. However, persons who are temporarily detained in a police station or in another temporary prison facility should be counted as usual members of their households regardless of the length of stay in these places.</p>
<p><span class="em">B. Visitors</span>
<br />A visitor is any relative or non-relative person who is not a usual member of the household but spent the census night in the household.</p>
<p><span class="em">C. Head of household</span>
<br />A head of household is a person who is a usual member (male or female) in the household acknowledged as head by the other members. If a man has two or more wives who live in separate households, he will be enumerated as head of the household with his oldest living wife (first married) if he is recognized as head. Other wives will be enumerated with their households as head or member of the households.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 13: Serial number of members of the household and visitors</span>
<br />The questionnaire has space to list up to ten members of a household. If the number of the members of the household is greater than ten, it is necessary to use an additional questionnaire. In this situation, the serial numbers given in column 13 (01-10) are corrected as 11, 12, 13, etc. until all members and visitors are listed.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 18: What is (name's) age in years?</span>
<br />The correct age in completed years of each member of the household during the enumeration should be recorded in the boxes provided in this question. Age in completed years means recording the completed years by ignoring the months and days after the completed years. For example, if the age of a person is 15 years, 11 months and 29 days, only "15" should be recorded. If the age of an infant is less than one year, code 00 should be recorded in this column, and if the age of a person is 97 years or older, code "97" should be recorded in the space provided under this column.</p>
<p>Expect to meet persons who do not know their age exactly or who are not willing to tell their age. In this case, great effort should be made to determine the exact age of each member of the household if it is possible. Techniques for determining age are given below. </p>
<div class="i1"><span class="em">Probing age by mentioning historical events</span><br />It may be necessary to estimate the age of a person by asking the respondent if there was a national or local historical event that occurred when the person was born or by asking the respondent the age of the person when the event occurred or by asking the respondent how long before the person was born did the event occur. For example, if the age of a person was 10 during the eruption of the Ethiopian revolution in 1974, the age of the person in 1994 is almost 30 years (1994 - 1974 + 10 = 30) and this number should be recorded in the given boxes. Therefore, it is possible to estimate the age of a person by relating the year in which the person was born with the year the historical event occurred. A list of the years in which the main historical events occurred is attached in appendix 1.</div><div class="i1"><span class="em">Computing age based on members who know their ages</span><br />Some of the members of the household or neighbors may know their ages. In this case, it is possible to estimate the age of a person based on the ages of the persons who do <br /><br />It may be possible to estimate the ages of the members of the household if the exact age of a person among the members is known. For example, if the age of the first child of a household is known to be 13 years, it is possible to estimate the age of his mother to be at least 31 years. This estimation is based on the expectation that mothers usually give birth to their first baby at the age of 18 and the age of the mother can be estimated as 18+13 = 31 years. It may be possible to estimate the ages of the persons who are relatives by comparing the age of one person to others. For example, mothers give birth to their children usually in two year intervals. The age of an older child may be 9 years if the age of the younger child is exactly 7 years. Sometimes older people exaggerate their ages. The ages of these people can be estimated by considering the ages of their first child and their grandchildren. Therefore, as far as it is possible, appropriately estimate the age of the member and record the age if the exact age of one member of the household is known. In addition to this, it is possible to estimate the age of a member of the household if he/she knows the age at marriage and the number of years after marriage up to the time of the census.</div><p>Some people want to tell their ages in ending 0 or 5. Even though the respondent may tell the ages ending in these digits, enumerators should make great effort to determine the exact ages of the members by using the above probing techniques. The exact ages of some people may of course be 10, 15, 20, 25, etc. </p>
<p>Parents may easily remember the exact ages of their babies and children under age 10 and these ages should be appropriately recorded in completed years. Sometimes it is not possible to determine the ages of infants easily, and in this case great effort should be made to estimate the appropriate age by applying the above probing techniques</p>
<p>Using the appropriate probing techniques, the age in completed years of each member of the household should be recorded in the space provided in column 18.</p>
<p><span class="em">Remark</span>: It is necessary to mention the name of each member of the household when it is indicated in the question wording. For example, for a member of the household named Bekelech, the question "What is name's age in years?" should be asked as "What is Bekelech's age in years?"Ethiopia 1994: All personsThis variable indicates the person's age.00Less than 1 year0110220330440550660770880991010111112121313141415151616171718181919202021212222232324242525262627272828292930303131323233333434353536363737383839394040414142424343444445454646474748484949505051515252535354545555565657575858595960606161626263636464656566666767686869697070717172727373747475757676777778787979808081818282838384848585868687878888898990909191929293939494959596969797989899UnknownDemographic Variables -- PERSONReligion<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>19. Religion</p>
<div class="i1">What is [person]'s religion?</div><div class="i2">[] 0 Orthodox<br />[] 1 Protestant <br />[] 2 Catholic<br />[] 3 Muslim/Islam<br />[] 4 Traditionalist<br />[] 5 Traditional<br /> [] 6 Others ____ (specify)</div><span class="h3">Section 3: Particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>Before collecting information about household members, the definition of head of household and usual household member should be well appreciated. Therefore, the concept of household given in section 2 of chapter two should be appropriately understood.</p>
<p><span class="em">A. Usual member of a household</span>
<br />A person is said to be a usual member of the household if he/she lives at least six months of the year continuously with the household. In addition, a person is considered to be a usual member of the household if he/she has the intention to live with the household forever even though he/she lived with the household less than six months. Persons who left their household temporarily for less than six months are considered as usual member of their households. However, persons are not considered as usual members of the household if they left their households for six months or more, or who left their households for less than six months but have the intention to leave for more than six months.</p>
<p>The following members of the household are considered usual household members: </p>
<div class="i1">a. All persons who lived with the household for at least six month during the census year.<br />b. All persons who have the intention to stay with the household for six months or more even though they stayed with the household for less than six months. For example, if a woman married a man and went to live in her husband's home during the census year, she is considered as a usual member of her husband's household even if she has lived in her husband's home for less than six months. Similarly, if a person got a job and went to live with another household forever, he is considered as the usual member of this new household where he is found during the census even if he has been living with this new household for less than six months.<br />c. House maids who usually stay the nights with the household and who do not have another residence.<br />d. Persons who left the household temporarily for less than six months. For example, persons who are on annual leave, persons who went to another place for holiday, inpatient persons, persons who went to visit relatives and persons who went to other places for business.<br />e. All persons who do not have permanent residence and who live with the household during the census. For example, if individuals do not have permanent residence but they live in various houses, they are considered to be usual member of the house hold where they are found on the enumeration day.<br />f. Students. Students who left their households, relatives or usual place of residence to attend school in regular schools, colleges, universities, etc. should be counted in the place where they are attending school. During the enumeration, if the students went back to their households or relatives due to a school break, they should be enumerated as usual members of their households. Students who are attending school by hiring service houses or who live with relatives away from their usual households, they should be enumerated in the area where they actually live during the census even though they commute weekly or monthly to bring their ration or to visit their households. However, students who commute daily to attend school are considered usual members of their households.</div><span class="em">Orphanages, boarding school students, inmates of correctional facilities and other collective quarters</span>
<br />An inmate of an orphanage, boarding school (including universities and colleges which have lodging facilities), correctional facility or other collective quarters (e.g. homes for the elderly, monasteries, etc.) should be enumerated as a member of the collective quarters during the census. However, persons who are temporarily detained in a police station or in another temporary prison facility should be counted as usual members of their households regardless of the length of stay in these places.</p>
<p><span class="em">B. Visitors</span>
<br />A visitor is any relative or non-relative person who is not a usual member of the household but spent the census night in the household.</p>
<p><span class="em">C. Head of household</span>
<br />A head of household is a person who is a usual member (male or female) in the household acknowledged as head by the other members. If a man has two or more wives who live in separate households, he will be enumerated as head of the household with his oldest living wife (first married) if he is recognized as head. Other wives will be enumerated with their households as head or member of the households.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 13: Serial number of members of the household and visitors</span>
<br />The questionnaire has space to list up to ten members of a household. If the number of the members of the household is greater than ten, it is necessary to use an additional questionnaire. In this situation, the serial numbers given in column 13 (01-10) are corrected as 11, 12, 13, etc. until all members and visitors are listed.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 19: What is (name's) religion? </span>
<br />Religion is an affiliation with a group having specific religious or spiritual tenets. The code of the religion for each member of the household is entered in the given box by asking each member of the household. If the answer for the religion question is "Christian", the appropriate code should be selected and entered in the card column from codes 1 - 3 that are given below for Christian religions. The religion of a baby who has not been baptized should be coded as the religion of his/her parents. By asking each member of the household, the appropriate code of the religion of each member of the household should be entered. If any other religion is mentioned other than the religions associated with codes 1 - 5, code 6 should be entered.</p>
<p>It is not appropriate to try to guess the religions of all members of the household based on the religion of the head of the household. Therefore, by asking each member of the household, the code of the religion for each member of the household should be written by selecting the appropriate code from codes listed below. Spouses may have different religions and therefore the religion question should be asked separately of each of them and the appropriate code should be entered.</p>
<p>The religion for infants is the same religion as their parents. For infants who were born from parents of different religions, the code of the religion that his/her parents think that his/her religion will be in the future is entered in the given space. The religion codes are given below.</p>
<div class="i1">1 = Orthodox (<span class="lang">Tewahido</span>, <span class="lang">Kibat</span>, <span class="lang">Tsega</span>)<br />2 = Protestant (Seventh Day Adventist, Pentecost, Lutheran, <span class="lang">MekaneYesus</span>, Baptist, Mennonite, Anglican, Presbyterian, <span class="lang">Meserete Kirnstos</span>,<span class="lang">MuluWengel</span>, <span class="lang">KaleHiywot</span>, etc.)<br />3 = Catholic<br />4 = Muslim (Islam)<br />5 = Traditional beliefs<br />6 = Other (Jehovah, Baha'i, Jewish, Hindu, etc.)</div>Ethiopia 1994: Present and absent residents [discrepancies: type I none; type II trace]This variable indicates the person's religion.1Orthodox2Protestant3Catholic4Muslim5Traditional6Other8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Ethnicity and Language Variables -- PERSONMother tongue<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Language</span><span class="em">Column 20: What is (name's) mother tongue?</span>
<br />Mother tongue is the language that the person used to communicate with his/her household or parents during childhood. By asking the mother tongue of the person, the name of the language and appropriate code should be recorded in the boxes provided based on the list of the codes of language prepared in this manual.</p>
<p>To easily identity the names and codes of the languages, two lists of languages, "list of names and codes for the main languages" and "list of names and codes for the branch languages" are given in pages 39 to 42 of this manual. The recording of the codes of the languages will be as follows.</p>
<p>The language name given by the respondent should be recorded in the given space and the appropriate code should be entered in the boxes provided. If there are people who do not want to tell their mother tongue, please, as far as possible, try to get the right answers by asking the respondents politely.</p>
<p>The appropriate code of the language given by the respondent should be recorded in the boxes provided by taking the code from the list of the main languages. If it is difficult to find the code of the language from this list, it is possible to find the code of the language from the list of names and codes of branch languages.</p>
<p><span class="em">A. List of names and codes of main languages</span>
<br />All languages are listed in this list and their arrangement is based on the main languages. The related languages and branch languages of the main language are given in brackets because they are given the same code. For example, <span class="lang">Chehagna</span>, <span class="lang">Ezhagna</span>, <span class="lang">Gumerigna</span> and <span class="lang">Enemorigna</span> are given in brackets under the main language <span class="lang">Guragigna</span>, which is written outside the bracket because these languages are the branch languages of <span class="lang">Guragigna</span>. To identify easily from the list, the main languages are listed in alphabetical order.</p>
<p><span class="em">B. List of names and codes of branch languages</span>
<br />This list provides in alphabetical order the related languages or branch languages of the main language listed in bracket under the list of names and codes of the main languages (for example, <span class="lang">Chehagna</span>, <span class="lang">Ezhagna</span>, <span class="lang">Gumerigna</span>, <span class="lang">Enamorigna</span>). The main languages (for example <span class="lang">Afarigna</span>, <span class="lang">Welaytigna</span>) written outside the brackets alphabetically in the list of name and codes of the main languages are not listed again is this list.</p>
<p>The respondent's answer may be the main or the branch language. If the response is the main language, write the name and code of the main language, but if the response is branch language, write the name of the branch language but record the code of the main language by identifying its main or stem language. For example, if the response is "<span class="lang">Chehagna</span>", code 27 should be recorded in the boxes provided because the stem language of <span class="lang">Chehagna</span> is <span class="lang">Guragigna</span>.</p>
<p><span class="em">List of names and codes of branch languages (for question 8)</span></p>
<p>31 Aderigna
<br />01 Adalign
<br />25 Alichona weriro
<br />58 Abigarigna
<br />13 Algagna
<br />41 Alabigna
<br />47 Amaricho
<br />47 Amaro
<br />50 Anfilogna
<br />32 Arabigna
<br />09 Angiligna
<br />06 Arboregna
<br />25 Azernet
<br />47 Baditi
<br />24 Bagagna
<br />08 Bakogna
<br />13 Bambaligna
<br />30 Banagna
<br />30 Bashadigna
<br />24 Begagna
<br />10 Benchenon
<br />13 Benshanguligna
<br />19 Bachagna
<br />25 Berbere
<br />65 Borogna
<br />32 Benishanguligna
<br />59 Bumegna
<br />55 Bussagna
<br />25 Berebe
<br />32 Bertagna
<br />60 Borena
<br />52 Bodigna
<br />27 Chehagna
<br />69 Chimagna
<br />51 Damagna
<br />22 Dirashagna
<br />22 Darashatigna
<br />13 Dashigna
<br />77 Dawurogna
<br />01 Denkeligna
<br />20 Derasigna
<br />69 Damigna
<br />65 Dengebogna
<br />22 Draytatigna
<br />11 Dolegna
<br />77 Dometegna
<br />01 Dankaligna
<br />71 Dumegna
<br />22 Durategna
<br />26 Endegagn
<br />25 Enekorgna
<br />27 Enerigna
<br />27 Enemorigna
<br />27 Ezyagna
<br />32 Fakarogna
<br />32 Fakashigna
<br />32 Fakumkumigna
<br />24 Ganzagna
<br />24 Ganzogna
<br />74 Gamogna
<br />46 Garategna
<br />36 Gatsamigna
<br />32 Gebetogna
<br />15 Gelebigna
<br />75 Genugna
<br />50 Gewamigna
<br />21 Gobezegna
<br />27 Gumerigna
<br />27 Guragna
<br />34 Gamiligna
<br />75 Gofigna
<br />60 Guji
<br />35 Gebatogna
<br />36 Harurogna
<br />45 Hayahayagna
<br />80 Janjarogna
<br />03 Kamtangigna
<br />46 Karategna
<br />37 Kefficho
<br />45 Komogna
<br />76 Kontigna
<br />02 Konfeligna
<br />50 Komagna
<br />46 Komsogna
<br />02 Konfeligna
<br />26 Kistanigna
<br />21 Kuligna
<br />47 Koregna
<br />77 Kulogna
<br />23 Kuagugna
<br />71 Kaweligna
<br />29 Labigna
<br />66 Langogna
<br />54 Majangigna
<br />17 Majigna
<br />15 Marlegna
<br />45 Medingna
<br />27 Megarebigna
<br />27 Mugerigna
<br />29 Marekogna
<br />78 Melogna
<br />51 Mekenigna
<br />27 Meskanigna
<br />09 Mesketigna
<br />32 Meyugna
<br />54 Mejengerigna
<br />27 Muherigna
<br />63 Murdi
<br />56 Munigna
<br />56 Murzugna
<br />12 Merigna
<br />06 Murle
<br />56 Mursigna
<br />38 Mochagna
<br />57 Nahogna
<br />56 Nyicalabongigna
<br />77 Ometegna
<br />30 Qarogna
<br />36 Qachenosna
<br />42 Qabenigna
<br />73 Dorzigna
<br />33 Fedhashigna
<br />69 Surmigna
<br />36 Siltigna
<br />24 Shankligna
<br />24 Sayigna
<br />27 Sebat Bet
<br />24 Sesegna
<br />66 Sitagna
<br />26 Sodogna
<br />51 Surigna
<br />63 Shahogna
<br />11 Shegna
<br />08 Shangamogna
<br />32 Shogaligna
<br />65 Shinichogna
<br />09 Tamigna
<br />43 Timbarigna
<br />69 Tirmagna
<br />51 Tishanigna
<br />57 Tologna
<br />14 Tsarigna
<br />71 Tsamagna
<br />59 Turkanagna
<br />54 Ujangigna
<br />06 Ulde
<br />32 Undugna
<br />26 Wachogna
<br />25 Welenegna
<br />25 Werabe
<br />21 Werziegna
<br />32 Wotawutigna
<br />80 Yangarogna
<br />05 Yembogna
<br />80 Yemigna
<br />14 Zaragna
<br />69 Zilmamigna
<br />82 ZergulignaEthiopia 1994: Present and absent residents [discrepancies: none]This variable indicates the person's mother tongue.001Affarinya002Agew-Awinginya003Agew-Kamyrnya004Amarinya005Anyiwaknya006Arborienya007Argobinya008Arinya009Basketinya010Benchinya011Shenya012Merinya013Burijnya014Charrinya015Dasenechnya016Dimenya017Dizinya019Ganijulinya020Gedeonya021Gewadinya022Gidolinya023Guagunya024Gumuzinya025Siltinya026Sodonya027Sebatbet-Guragie028Hadiyinya029Marekonya030Hamerinya031Harerienya032Jebelawinya033Fadashinya034Gamilinya035Gebatonya036Kechaminya037Keffinya038Mochanya039Kemantinya040Kembatinya041Alabinya042Kebenanya043Timbaronya044Kewaminya045Kominya046Konsonya047Koyrinya048Kunaminya049Mabaannya050Maonya051Meeninya052Bodiyna053Malienya054Mesengonya055Mosiyanya056Mursynaya057Naonya058Nuwerinya059Nyangatominya060Orominya062Oydinya063Sahonya064Shekonya065Shinashinya066Shitanya067Sidaminya068Somalinya069Surinya070Tigrinya071Tsamainya072Welayitinya073Dorzinya074Gamonya075Goffinya076Kontinya077Kulonya078Mellonya080Yamsanya081Zeysinya082Zegulinya090Other ethnicity language097English098Other foreign language998Unknown999NIU (not in universe)Ethnicity and Language Variables -- PERSONSecond language<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Language</span><span class="em">A. List of names and codes of main languages</span>
<br />All languages are listed in this list and their arrangement is based on the main languages. The related languages and branch languages of the main language are given in brackets because they are given the same code. For example, <span class="lang">Chehagna</span>, <span class="lang">Ezhagna</span>, <span class="lang">Gumerigna</span> and <span class="lang">Enemorigna</span> are given in brackets under the main language <span class="lang">Guragigna</span>, which is written outside the bracket because these languages are the branch languages of <span class="lang">Guragigna</span>. To identify easily from the list, the main languages are listed in alphabetical order.</p>
<p><span class="em">B. List of names and codes of branch languages</span>
<br />This list provides in alphabetical order the related languages or branch languages of the main language listed in bracket under the list of names and codes of the main languages (for example, <span class="lang">Chehagna</span>, <span class="lang">Ezhagna</span>, <span class="lang">Gumerigna</span>, <span class="lang">Enamorigna</span>). The main languages (for example <span class="lang">Afarigna</span>, <span class="lang">Welaytigna</span>) written outside the brackets alphabetically in the list of name and codes of the main languages are not listed again is this list.</p>
<p>The respondent's answer may be the main or the branch language. If the response is the main language, write the name and code of the main language, but if the response is branch language, write the name of the branch language but record the code of the main language by identifying its main or stem language. For example, if the response is "<span class="lang">Chehagna</span>", code 27 should be recorded in the boxes provided because the stem language of <span class="lang">Chehagna</span> is <span class="lang">Guragigna</span>.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 21: Does (name) speak another language? If yes, state the most frequently used additional language. If not, write "does not speak"</span>
<br />In this column, all persons are asked if they speak another language other than their mother tongue. If they do speak another language, write the language they most frequently speak in addition to their mother tongue and enter the code in space provided. If they do not speak any additional language, write "does not speak" and enter code 00 in the given boxes.</p>
<p><span class="em">List of names and codes of branch languages (for question 8)</span></p>
<p>31 Aderigna
<br />01 Adalign
<br />25 Alichona weriro
<br />58 Abigarigna
<br />13 Algagna
<br />41 Alabigna
<br />47 Amaricho
<br />47 Amaro
<br />50 Anfilogna
<br />32 Arabigna
<br />09 Angiligna
<br />06 Arboregna
<br />25 Azernet
<br />47 Baditi
<br />24 Bagagna
<br />08 Bakogna
<br />13 Bambaligna
<br />30 Banagna
<br />30 Bashadigna
<br />24 Begagna
<br />10 Benchenon
<br />13 Benshanguligna
<br />19 Bachagna
<br />25 Berbere
<br />65 Borogna
<br />32 Benishanguligna
<br />59 Bumegna
<br />55 Bussagna
<br />25 Berebe
<br />32 Bertagna
<br />60 Borena
<br />52 Bodigna
<br />27 Chehagna
<br />69 Chimagna
<br />51 Damagna
<br />22 Dirashagna
<br />22 Darashatigna
<br />13 Dashigna
<br />77 Dawurogna
<br />01 Denkeligna
<br />20 Derasigna
<br />69 Damigna
<br />65 Dengebogna
<br />22 Draytatigna
<br />11 Dolegna
<br />77 Dometegna
<br />01 Dankaligna
<br />71 Dumegna
<br />22 Durategna
<br />26 Endegagn
<br />25 Enekorgna
<br />27 Enerigna
<br />27 Enemorigna
<br />27 Ezyagna
<br />32 Fakarogna
<br />32 Fakashigna
<br />32 Fakumkumigna
<br />24 Ganzagna
<br />24 Ganzogna
<br />74 Gamogna
<br />46 Garategna
<br />36 Gatsamigna
<br />32 Gebetogna
<br />15 Gelebigna
<br />75 Genugna
<br />50 Gewamigna
<br />21 Gobezegna
<br />27 Gumerigna
<br />27 Guragna
<br />34 Gamiligna
<br />75 Gofigna
<br />60 Guji
<br />35 Gebatogna
<br />36 Harurogna
<br />45 Hayahayagna
<br />80 Janjarogna
<br />03 Kamtangigna
<br />46 Karategna
<br />37 Kefficho
<br />45 Komogna
<br />76 Kontigna
<br />02 Konfeligna
<br />50 Komagna
<br />46 Komsogna
<br />02 Konfeligna
<br />26 Kistanigna
<br />21 Kuligna
<br />47 Koregna
<br />77 Kulogna
<br />23 Kuagugna
<br />71 Kaweligna
<br />29 Labigna
<br />66 Langogna
<br />54 Majangigna
<br />17 Majigna
<br />15 Marlegna
<br />45 Medingna
<br />27 Megarebigna
<br />27 Mugerigna
<br />29 Marekogna
<br />78 Melogna
<br />51 Mekenigna
<br />27 Meskanigna
<br />09 Mesketigna
<br />32 Meyugna
<br />54 Mejengerigna
<br />27 Muherigna
<br />63 Murdi
<br />56 Munigna
<br />56 Murzugna
<br />12 Merigna
<br />06 Murle
<br />56 Mursigna
<br />38 Mochagna
<br />57 Nahogna
<br />56 Nyicalabongigna
<br />77 Ometegna
<br />30 Qarogna
<br />36 Qachenosna
<br />42 Qabenigna
<br />73 Dorzigna
<br />33 Fedhashigna
<br />69 Surmigna
<br />36 Siltigna
<br />24 Shankligna
<br />24 Sayigna
<br />27 Sebat Bet
<br />24 Sesegna
<br />66 Sitagna
<br />26 Sodogna
<br />51 Surigna
<br />63 Shahogna
<br />11 Shegna
<br />08 Shangamogna
<br />32 Shogaligna
<br />65 Shinichogna
<br />09 Tamigna
<br />43 Timbarigna
<br />69 Tirmagna
<br />51 Tishanigna
<br />57 Tologna
<br />14 Tsarigna
<br />71 Tsamagna
<br />59 Turkanagna
<br />54 Ujangigna
<br />06 Ulde
<br />32 Undugna
<br />26 Wachogna
<br />25 Welenegna
<br />25 Werabe
<br />21 Werziegna
<br />32 Wotawutigna
<br />80 Yangarogna
<br />05 Yembogna
<br />80 Yemigna
<br />14 Zaragna
<br />69 Zilmamigna
<br />82 ZergulignaEthiopia 1994: Present and absent residents [discrepancies: none]This variable indicates the person's second language.000No second language001Affarinya002Agew-Awinginya003Agew-Kamyrnya004Amarinya005Anyiwaknya006Arborienya007Argobinya008Arinya009Basketinya010Benchinya011Shenya012Merinya013Burijnya014Charrinya015Dasenechnya016Dimenya017Dizinya019Ganijulinya020Gedeonya021Gewadinya022Gidolinya023Guagunya024Gumuzinya025Siltinya026Sodonya027Sebatbet-Guragie028Hadiyinya029Marekonya030Hamerinya031Harerienya032Jebelawinya033Fadashinya034Gamilinya035Gebatonya036Kechaminya037Keffinya038Mochanya039Kemantinya040Kembatinya041Alabinya042Kebenanya043Timbaronya044Kewaminya045Kominya046Konsonya047Koyrinya048Kunaminya049Mabaannya050Maonya051Meeninya052Bodiyna053Malienya054Mesengonya055Mosiyanya056Mursynaya057Naonya058Nuwerinya059Nyangatominya060Orominya062Oydinya063Sahonya064Shekonya065Shinashinya066Shitanya067Sidaminya068Somalinya069Surinya070Tigrinya071Tsamainya072Welayitinya073Dorzinya074Gamonya075Goffinya076Kontinya077Kulonya078Mellonya080Yamsanya081Zeysinya082Zegulinya090Other ethnicity language097English098Other foreign language998Unknown999NIU (not in universe)Ethnicity and Language Variables -- PERSONEthnic group<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Language</span><span class="em">Column 22: What is (name's) ethnic group?</span>
<br />By asking the ethnic group of each member of the household, the name and appropriate code of the ethnic group should be taken from the list of ethnic groups and recorded in the boxes provided. If the respondent cannot tell his ethnic group because the meaning of ethnic group is unclear to him, an additional explanation about ethnic group should be given by asking "what is your race, origin, clan, or tribe?" To identify the names and codes for ethnic groups easily, two lists, "Names and codes of the main ethnic group list" and the "List of names and codes of the branch ethnic group" are given below. The recording of the codes for ethnic group will be as follows.</p>
<p>The name and code of the ethnic group indicated by the respondent should be recorded in the boxes provided. If there are people who do not want to identify their ethnic group, try to get the appropriate answer by asking the people politely. The appropriate code for the ethnic group indicated by the respondent should be recorded in the boxes provided by referring to the code from the list of the main ethnic groups. If it is difficult to obtain the code for the ethnic group from this list, it is possible to find the code for the ethnic group from the list of names and codes of branch ethnic groups.</p>
<p>The respondent's response may be the main or branch of ethnic group. If the response is the main ethnic group, the name and code of the main ethnic group will be recorded, and if the response is the branch of the ethnic group, the name of the branch ethnic group and code of the main ethnic group should be recorded by identifying which is its main/stem ethnic group. For example, if the response of the respondent is "<span class="lang">Saynte</span>", code 04 will be recorded in the space provided because the stem of <span class="lang">Saynte </span>is <span class="lang">Amara</span>, and the code for <span class="lang">Amahara </span>ethnic group is 04. Similarly, if the response of the respondent is "<span class="lang">Cheha</span>", code 27 should be recorded in the boxes provided because the stem of <span class="lang">Cheha </span>is <span class="lang">Gurage</span>.</p>
<p><span class="em">A. List of names and codes of the main ethnic groups</span>
<br />Based on the main ethnic groups, all ethnic groups are listed in the list provided. The related names and branches of the main ethnic group are given in brackets because they have the same code. For example, <span class="lang">Gondere, Tegulete, Saynte, Menze </span>are listed in brackets after the main ethnic group <span class="lang">Amhara </span>, which is written outside the bracket because these ethnic groups are the branches of the <span class="lang">Amhara </span>ethnic group. To identity easily from the list, the main/stem ethnic groups are listed in alphabetical order.</p>
<p><span class="em">List of names and codes of branch ethnic groups</span>
<br />This list is prepared to list alphabetically all the branches or related groups of the main ethnic group listed in brackets (for example, <span class="lang">Erbore, Ulde, Mursie</span>) in the list of names and codes of the main ethnics groups. The main ethnic groups (for example, <span class="lang">Afar, Welayta</span>) written outside the brackets alphabetically in the list of names and codes of the main ethnic groups are not listed again in this list.</p>
<p>If a respondent mentions an ethnic group that does not appear in the list of ethnic groups given, code 90, the code for "other Ethiopian ethnic group", should be recorded in the space provided.</p>
<p><span class="em">List of names and codes of main ethnic groups (question 9)</span></p>
<p>01 Affar (Adal, Denakil, Denkel, Taltal)
<br />02 Agew-Awi (Konfele)
<br />03 Agew-Kamyr (Kamtang)
<br />41 Alaba
<br />04 Amara (Gondere, Gayente, Saynte, Farte, Gojjame, Dawunte, Walde, Laste, hewe, Tegulete, Jiruye, Yifate, Menze, Minjare, Bulge)
<br />05 Anyiwak (Yembo)
<br />07 Argoba
<br />08 Ari (Bako, Ara, Shangamo)
<br />06 Arborie (Arbore, Ulde, Murle)
<br />19 Ganjule (Bacha)
<br />09 Basketo (Mesketo, Anjila, Dolo, Tama)
<br />10 Bench
<br />32 Jebelawi (Berta, Benshangul, Wutawut, shogo, Undu, Meyu, Gebeto, Fakaro, Fakashi,
<br />Fukamkum)
<br />52 Bodi (Tumer)
<br />13 Burji (Dashi, Bambala, Alga)
<br />14 Charra (Tsara, Zara)
<br />17 Dizi (Maji)
<br />73 Dorzie
<br />15 Dasenech (Geleb, Geleba, Marle)
<br />77 Kulo (Dawuro, Omete, Domete)
<br />22 Gidole (Derashe, Derashat, Gardula, Diraytat, Durate)
<br />16 Dime
<br />33 Fedashi
<br />74 Gamo
<br />35 Gebato
<br />21 Gewada (Kule, Gobeze, Werzie, Alie)
<br />20 Gedeo
<br />34 Gamili
<br />26 Guragie-Sodo (Kistane, Endegagn, Wacho)
<br />75 Goffa (Genu)
<br />24 Gumuz (Ganza, Ganzo, Bega, Baga, Say, Sese)
<br />27 Guragie-shebat Bet (Cheha, Ener, Enemor, Ezya, Gumer, Gura, Megareb, mugger, Muher, Meskan)
<br />23 Guagu (kuagu)
<br />28 Hadiya
<br />31 Hareri (Adere)
<br />30 Hamer (Bashada, Bana, Karo)
<br />63 Saho (Irob, Shaho)
<br />37 Keffa (Kefficho)
<br />40 Kembata
<br />76 Konta
<br />45 Koma (Komo, Hayahaya, Medin, Akuama)
<br />46 Konso (Karate, Komso, Garate)
<br />47 Koyra (Amaro, Kore, Amaricho, Baditu)
<br />48 Kunama
<br />53 Malie
<br />78 Melo
<br />50 Mao (Anfilo, Gewami, Bambishi, Koman)
<br />29 Mareko (Libidi)
<br />49 Meban
<br />12 Mer
<br />51 Me'en (Meken, Daim, Tishana, Me'enit, Manit, Shuro)
<br />54 Messengo (Mejenger, Majang, Ujang)
<br />38 Mocha (Shekicho)
<br />55 Mossiya (Bussa)
<br />56 Mursi (Mursu, Mun, Murdi, Murzu, Nyichalabong)
<br />78 Melo
<br />57 Nao (Naho, Toto,)
<br />58 Nuwer (Abigar)
<br />59 Nyangatom (Turkana, Bume, Men, Bum, Rogegeno, Tobola)
<br />60 Oromo (Guji, Borena, Tulema, Kereyu, Gelan, Lika, Becho, Abichu, Selale, Arsi, Rayya, Mecha, Gerri, Ittu, Jille, Qotu)
<br />62 Oyda
<br />42 Qebena
<br />36 Qechem (Qecheno, Gatsam, Haruro)
<br />44 Qewama
<br />64 Sheko (shako)
<br />65 Shinasha (Boro, Shinicho, Dengebo)
<br />67 idama
<br />25 Guragie-Silte (Azernet, Berbere, Enekor, Alichona Weriro, Werabe, Welene)
<br />68 Somalie
<br />69 Suri (Surma, Tirma, Dama, Zilmam, Chima)
<br />66 Shita (Sita, Lango)
<br />11 She
<br />70 Tigrawy (Tigre)
<br />43 Timbaro (Kambaro)
<br />71 Tsemay (Tsamay, Dume, Kuwele)
<br />79 Weyto
<br />72 Welaita
<br />61 Werji (Tigre Werji)
<br />80 Yemsa (Yemsa, Yangaro, Janjaro)
<br />81 Zeyse
<br />82 Zergula
<br />91 Other Ethiopian national groups
<br />92 From different parents
<br />93 Eritrean
<br />94 Djiboutian
<br />95 Somalian
<br />96 Kenyan
<br />97 Sudanese
<br />98 Other foreignersEthiopia 1994: Present and absent residents [discrepancies: none]This variable indicates the person's ethnic group.001Affar002Agew-Awingi003Agew-Kamyr004Amara005Anyiwak006Arbore007Argoba008Arri009Basketo010Bench011She012Mer013Burji014Chara015Dasenech016Dime017Dizi018Felasha019Ganjule020Gedeo021Gewada022Gidole023Guagu024Gumuz025Silte026Sodo Guragie027Sebatbet-Guragie028Hadiya029Mareko030Hamer031Harari032Jebelawi033Fadashi034Gamili035Gebato036Kechama037Kefa038Mocha039Kemant040Kembata041Alaba042Kebena043Timbaro044Kewama045Koma046Konso047Koyra048Kunama049Mabaan050Mao051Me'En052Bodi053Male054Mesengo055Mossiya056Mursi057Nao058Nuwer059Nyangatom060Oromo061Werji062Oyda063Saho064Sheko065Shinasha066Shita067Sidama068Somali069Suri070Tigre071Tsamay072Welaita073Dorzie074Gamo075Goffa076Konta077Kulo078Mello079Weyito080Yemsa081Zeysie082Zergula090Other ethnicity nationality091From different ethnic groups093Eritreans094Djebutians095Somalis096Kenyans097Sudanese098Other foreigners998Unknown999NIU (not in universe)Ethnicity and Language Variables -- PERSONMarital status<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>33. Marital status </p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Never married<br />[] 2 Married/currently married<br />[] 3 Divorced<br />[] 4 Widowed</div><span class="em">Column 33: What is (NAME's) current marital status?</span></p>
<p>Every member of the household whose age is 10 years and above are asked currently married or not. People who live together as husband and wife and who regard themselves as husband and wife should be recorded as married. The marriage may be taken place either legal, religious or traditional basis or those married persons should live together as husband and wife. The answer for this question must be accepted as given by the respondent and not to question the legal aspect of the marital status. Thus, it is the respondent who defines his/her marital status. The definition for different types of marital status and the assigned codes are given below: </p>
<div class="i1"><span class="em">1 = Never married</span>: Are persons who have never married before the census date.<br /><br /><span class="em">2 = Married</span>: Are persons who at the reference time (October 10, 1994) had marriage partners whether they were staying in the same house or not. The marriage may be both under the legal system of the country, religious or the customs of the local area. For partners who are in dispute but their marriage case is in court or under traditional dispute resolution methods is considered as married unless their marriage is formally annulled. <br /><br /><span class="em">3 = Divorced</span>: For all persons who at the reference time have had their marriage formally annulled either in court or by custom and have not married again during the census time.<br /><br /><span class="em">4 = Widowed</span>: For all persons who at the reference time have had lost their marriage partners through death and have not remarried.</div>Ethiopia 1994: Present and absent residents 10+ [discrepancies: none]This variable indicates the person's marital status.1Never married2Currently married3Divorced4Widowed8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Demographic Variables -- PERSONPerson weightEthiopia 1994: All personsThis variable indicates the person weight.
The data file is a combination of 10 and 2% samples by region in Ethiopia. Most regions were sampled at 10%. Affar and Somali regions are 2% samples. Weighting accounts for the differing sample densities. See sample design documentation for more information.0000001100220033004400550066007700880099010100111101212013130141401515016160171701818019190202002121022220232302424025250262602727028280292903030031310323203333034340353503636037370383803939040400414104242043430444404545046460474704848049490505005151052520535305454055550565605757058580595906060061610626206363064640656506666067670686806969070700717107272073730747407575076760777707878079790808008181082820838308484085850868608787088880898909090091910929209393094940959509696097970989809999100100101101102102103103104104105105106106108108109109110110111111112112113113114114115115116116117117118118119119120120121121122122123123124124126126127127132132133133134134135135136136137137138138139139140140141141142142143143144144145145146146147147149149150150151151152152153153157157158158160160161161162162163163168168169169171171172172175175176176177177180180181181182182192192204204205205211211212212216216217217245245309309310310Technical Person Variables -- PERSONDuration of continuous residence in Wereda<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Migration status</span></p>
<p>23. What is the number of years [person] has continuously lived in rural part of this <span class="lang">Woreda</span>?</p>
<div class="i1">____</div><span class="em">Columns 23 - 24: Migration </span>
<br />Prior to collecting the required information on migration, it is very important to understand the concept of migration. Understanding how a given individual is considered to be a migrant in a given locality during a census period and setting up the criteria to respond the question is crucial. Based on the type of place of residence (i.e urban and rural areas), different meanings and criteria are set to define migration or a person as a migrant. Therefore, before executing the actual data collection, it is necessary and mandatory to understand the meanings and criteria used to define the term migration or a migrant person for both urban and rural settings. The detail on the meaning and criteria used to define migration for rural areas is given as follows.
<br />
<br />In Rural Areas</p>
<div class="i1">A person is considered to be a migrant during the time of the census if he/she is found to have crossed the defined boundary of the <span class="lang">woreda </span>where he/she was previously residing. Moreover, even though the person does not cross the boundary of the <span class="lang">woreda </span>, but is found to have shifted his/her usual place of residence from a given rural <span class="lang">kebele </span>to an urban area of the same <span class="lang">woreda </span>during the time of the census, he/she will be considered a migrant. Nonetheless, an individual is not regarded as a migrant if the person is found to have changed his/her usual place of residence from a given rural <span class="lang">kebele </span>or farmer association to another rural <span class="lang">kebele </span>of the same <span class="lang">woreda</span>.</div><p>In addition to the above criteria, the following cases have to be considered when identifying an individual as a migrant in rural settings: </p>
<div class="i1">a. Regardless of whether the person decides to return back or stay where he/she is, if the individual reports a duration of six months or more of the period from when he/she left the <span class="lang">woreda </span>where he/she previously resided to the time of the census, he/she will be considered a migrant. <br />b. If the person has no any intention to return back to his/her previous place of residence, even if the duration of the period from when he/she left the <span class="lang">woreda </span>where he/she previously residing to the time of the enumeration is less than six months, the person will be considered a migrant. <br />c. The person will not be considered a migrant if the duration of the period from when he/she left the <span class="lang">woreda </span>where he/she previously resided to the time of the enumeration is less than six months and he/she has decided to return back to his/her previous place of residence (<span class="lang">woreda</span>).</div><span class="em">Column 23 - 24: Duration of Migration</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Column 23: What is the number of years (name) has continuously lived in this rural <span class="lang">woreda</span>?</span>
<br />In this column all persons covered by the census will be asked the numbers of years they continuously lived in their rural <span class="lang">woreda </span>. The relevant code should be entered in the space provided. If the person has continuously lived in the rural <span class="lang">woreda </span>since birth, code 8 should be entered. </p>
<p>In addition, it is imperative to have a clear understanding of the following cases to collect the required information on migration during the period of census. </p>
<p>In some cases there are conditions where a person is born in a hospital or health service institution which is located outside the <span class="lang">woreda </span>in which his/her household resides. In this situation, the place of birth of the person is considered to be the place where his/her household resides rather than the location of the hospital or health service institution. Because of this, the individual is not considered as a migrant during enumeration.
<br />In a similar condition where a woman gave birth to a child in the residence of her parents or other relatives and then returned to her household, the place of birth of the child is the location where the mother and her household resides, not the residence of the mother's parents or relatives.</p>
<p>In order to clearly state the criteria given earlier to define migration or a migrant person and to enhance the understanding of the enumerator, examples are provided. </p>
<p>During enumeration, persons who have not lived in a rural part of the <span class="lang">woreda </span>(place of enumeration) since birth are divided into two categories: </p>
<div class="i1">1. Those who were born out of the present rural <span class="lang">woreda</span><br />2. Those who were born in the same rural area of a given <span class="lang">woreda </span>but after sometime they left their place of birth and stayed in other <span class="lang">woreda </span>or urban area of the same <span class="lang">woreda </span>but returned back to their place of birth. This refers to those who returned back after staying for six months or more away from their place of birth</div><p>For example, a person called Kebede Terefe was born in Selam rural <span class="lang">kebele </span>of Kewet <span class="lang">woreda </span>and he lived in his place of birth continuously for 13 years after birth. He then left his place of birth and started to live in Shewa Robit town of the same <span class="lang">woreda </span>for 5 consecutive years. He then returned to his place of birth 2 years prior to the time of the census. In this situation, the number of years Kebede Terefe lived continuously in the <span class="lang">woreda </span>(area of enumeration) is two years, from the time he retuned back to Selam rural <span class="lang">kebele </span>from Shewa Robit town to the period of the census. The thirteen years he lived continuously in his place of birth after he was born is not included.</p>
<p>Based on the criteria and example given above, the codes for the possible responses for column 23 are given as follows: </p>
<div class="i1">0 = those have lived continuously for less than one year in the place of enumeration, i.e. in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda</span><br />1 = those have lived continuously for 1 year in the place of enumeration, i.e. in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda </span><br />2 = those who have lived continuously for 2 years in the place of enumeration, i.e. in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda </span><br />3 = those who have lived continuously for 3 years in the place of enumeration, i.e. in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda </span><br />4 = for those who have lived continuously for 4 years in the place of enumeration, i.e.in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda </span><br />5 = those who have lived continuously for 5 to 6 years in the place of enumeration, i.e. in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda</span><br /> 6 = those who have lived continuously for 7 to 9 years in the place of enumeration, i.e. in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda </span><br />7 = those who have lived continuously for 10 years or more in the place of enumeration, i.e. in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda</span><br />8 = those who have lived continuously since birth in the place of enumeration, i.e. in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda</span>.</div><p>Hence, based on the response obtained from the respondent, the necessary code from the given alternatives will be entered in space provided. For example, for a person who reports that he has lived continuously in the area of enumeration for less than a year, code 0 will be entered. Similarly, code 5 will be recorded for those who have been living continuously for 5 to 6 years in the place of enumeration.Ethiopia 1994: Present and absent residents [discrepancies: type I none; type II 0.9%]This variable indicates the person's duration of continuous residence in the wereda. CAUTION: Information about this variable was not recorded for current residents of the Affar and Somali regions.00Less than 1 year011 year022 years033044055 to 6067 to 90710 or more08Since birth98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Migration: Global Variables -- PERSONUrban status of place of previous residence<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Migration status</span></p>
<p>24. If [person]'s previous residence is urban, write town, if it was rural, write "rural."</p>
<div class="i1">Ask only for codes 0 - 7 in Column 23.</div><span class="em">Columns 23 - 24: Migration </span>
<br />Prior to collecting the required information on migration, it is very important to understand the concept of migration. Understanding how a given individual is considered to be a migrant in a given locality during a census period and setting up the criteria to respond the question is crucial. Based on the type of place of residence (i.e urban and rural areas), different meanings and criteria are set to define migration or a person as a migrant. Therefore, before executing the actual data collection, it is necessary and mandatory to understand the meanings and criteria used to define the term migration or a migrant person for both urban and rural settings. The detail on the meaning and criteria used to define migration for rural areas is given as follows.
<br />
<br />In Rural Areas</p>
<div class="i1">A person is considered to be a migrant during the time of the census if he/she is found to have crossed the defined boundary of the <span class="lang">woreda </span>where he/she was previously residing. Moreover, even though the person does not cross the boundary of the <span class="lang">woreda </span>, but is found to have shifted his/her usual place of residence from a given rural <span class="lang">kebele </span>to an urban area of the same <span class="lang">woreda </span>during the time of the census, he/she will be considered a migrant. Nonetheless, an individual is not regarded as a migrant if the person is found to have changed his/her usual place of residence from a given rural <span class="lang">kebele </span>or farmer association to another rural <span class="lang">kebele </span>of the same <span class="lang">woreda</span>.</div><p>In addition to the above criteria, the following cases have to be considered when identifying an individual as a migrant in rural settings: </p>
<div class="i1">a. Regardless of whether the person decides to return back or stay where he/she is, if the individual reports a duration of six months or more of the period from when he/she left the <span class="lang">woreda </span>where he/she previously resided to the time of the census, he/she will be considered a migrant. <br />b. If the person has no any intention to return back to his/her previous place of residence, even if the duration of the period from when he/she left the <span class="lang">woreda </span>where he/she previously residing to the time of the enumeration is less than six months, the person will be considered a migrant. <br />c. The person will not be considered a migrant if the duration of the period from when he/she left the <span class="lang">woreda </span>where he/she previously resided to the time of the enumeration is less than six months and he/she has decided to return back to his/her previous place of residence (<span class="lang">woreda</span>).</div><span class="em">Column 23 - 24: Duration of Migration</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Column 23: What is the number of years (name) has continuously lived in this rural <span class="lang">woreda</span>?</span>
<br />In this column all persons covered by the census will be asked the numbers of years they continuously lived in their rural <span class="lang">woreda </span>. The relevant code should be entered in the space provided. If the person has continuously lived in the rural <span class="lang">woreda </span>since birth, code 8 should be entered. </p>
<p>In addition, it is imperative to have a clear understanding of the following cases to collect the required information on migration during the period of census. </p>
<p>In some cases there are conditions where a person is born in a hospital or health service institution which is located outside the <span class="lang">woreda </span>in which his/her household resides. In this situation, the place of birth of the person is considered to be the place where his/her household resides rather than the location of the hospital or health service institution. Because of this, the individual is not considered as a migrant during enumeration.
<br />In a similar condition where a woman gave birth to a child in the residence of her parents or other relatives and then returned to her household, the place of birth of the child is the location where the mother and her household resides, not the residence of the mother's parents or relatives.</p>
<p>In order to clearly state the criteria given earlier to define migration or a migrant person and to enhance the understanding of the enumerator, examples are provided. </p>
<p>During enumeration, persons who have not lived in a rural part of the <span class="lang">woreda </span>(place of enumeration) since birth are divided into two categories: </p>
<div class="i1">1. Those who were born out of the present rural <span class="lang">woreda</span><br />2. Those who were born in the same rural area of a given <span class="lang">woreda </span>but after sometime they left their place of birth and stayed in other <span class="lang">woreda </span>or urban area of the same <span class="lang">woreda </span>but returned back to their place of birth. This refers to those who returned back after staying for six months or more away from their place of birth</div><p>For example, a person called Kebede Terefe was born in Selam rural <span class="lang">kebele </span>of Kewet <span class="lang">woreda </span>and he lived in his place of birth continuously for 13 years after birth. He then left his place of birth and started to live in Shewa Robit town of the same <span class="lang">woreda </span>for 5 consecutive years. He then returned to his place of birth 2 years prior to the time of the census. In this situation, the number of years Kebede Terefe lived continuously in the <span class="lang">woreda </span>(area of enumeration) is two years, from the time he retuned back to Selam rural <span class="lang">kebele </span>from Shewa Robit town to the period of the census. The thirteen years he lived continuously in his place of birth after he was born is not included.</p>
<p>Based on the criteria and example given above, the codes for the possible responses for column 23 are given as follows: </p>
<div class="i1">0 = those have lived continuously for less than one year in the place of enumeration, i.e. in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda</span><br />1 = those have lived continuously for 1 year in the place of enumeration, i.e. in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda </span><br />2 = those who have lived continuously for 2 years in the place of enumeration, i.e. in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda </span><br />3 = those who have lived continuously for 3 years in the place of enumeration, i.e. in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda </span><br />4 = for those who have lived continuously for 4 years in the place of enumeration, i.e.in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda </span><br />5 = those who have lived continuously for 5 to 6 years in the place of enumeration, i.e. in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda</span><br /> 6 = those who have lived continuously for 7 to 9 years in the place of enumeration, i.e. in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda </span><br />7 = those who have lived continuously for 10 years or more in the place of enumeration, i.e. in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda</span><br />8 = those who have lived continuously since birth in the place of enumeration, i.e. in rural area of the <span class="lang">woreda</span>.</div><p>Hence, based on the response obtained from the respondent, the necessary code from the given alternatives will be entered in space provided. For example, for a person who reports that he has lived continuously in the area of enumeration for less than a year, code 0 will be entered. Similarly, code 5 will be recorded for those who have been living continuously for 5 to 6 years in the place of enumeration.Ethiopia 1994: Persons who ever moved [discrepancies: none]This variable indicates the person's urban status of place of previous residence. CAUTION: Information about this variable was not recorded for the Affar or Somali regions.0Rural1Urban8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Migration: Global Variables -- PERSONDisability<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>25. Disability status</p>
<div class="i1">Is there a member of a household who is physically or mentally disabled? If yes, state the type.<br />____</div><span class="em">Column 25: Is there a member of the household who is physically or mentally disabled?</span>
<br />A person is said to be disabled if, due to physical or mental injuries, he/she cannot fully perform activities that other healthy persons can do. Therefore, each regular member of a household will be asked about disability status in question 25. </p>
<p>Since some people are not happy to be asked whether there is a household member who is physically or mentally disabled, care should be taken when asking this question. Instead of directly asking, "are you disabled?" ask them, "do you have disability?" Then it should be born in mind that it is possible to know if they have disability or not by trying to make them understand and asking them indirectly by asking "do you have a seeing problem with your eyes? A problem with your ears, hands, legs, etc.?"</p>
<p>Some members may have more than one disability. Depending on the situation, by asking each regular member of the household about their disability status, identify the appropriate code for the type of disability mentioned by the member from the list of codes 00-10 given below and then, if possible, write the type of disability.</p>
<div class="i1">00 = Not disabled<br />01 = Totally blind (blind in both eye; total blindness)<br />02 = Partially blind (partly seeing with both eyes; totally blind in one eye; partially blind)<br />03 = Hearing problem (completely deaf, can partially hear with both ears, can hear only loud sounds, has one healthy ear and some problem with the other)<br />04 = Hearing and speaking problems, deaf and dumb (totally unable to hear and speak, partially unable to hear and speak, deaf and has speech problems, partially hearing and has speech problem)<br />05 = Leg problem (one leg or two legs amputated, paralyzed, one leg has problem, any other type of leg problem)<br />06 = Hand/arm problem (one hand or two hands amputated, paralyzed, finger cut or any other type of hand/arm problem)<br />07 = Hanson diseases (Leprosy)<br />08 = Mental problem (epilepsy, madness, self isolation, mental disturbance, nudity, unconsciousness, neglecting of self security, mental retardation)<br />09 = Other disability<br />10 = Multiple disabilities</div><span class="em">Note</span>: As much as possible, "other disability" (code 09) should be recorded for household members who mention a disability type different from those mentioned above in codes 01 - 08. In addition, if a household member has multiple disabilities and if one is the most severe then record the code for most severe type of disability. Otherwise, if it is not possible to differentiate, record code 10.Ethiopia 1994: Present and absent residents [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the person's disability status.00Not disabled01Totally blind02Partially blind03Hearing problem04Hearing and speaking problems05Leg problem06Hand/arm problem07Hanson disease (leprosy)08Mental problem09Other disability10Multiple disabilities98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Disability Variables -- PERSONGrade or educational level of enrollment in school<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="h3">Five years and above</span>
<br />[Questions 26-27 were asked of resident members age 5+.]</p>
<p><span class="em">Educational status</span></p>
<p>26. Enter grade enrolled for those now attending school</p>
<div class="i1">97=Attended school in the past <br />98=Never attended school<br />_ _</div><span class="em">Column 26 - 27: Educational status of persons aged 5 years and above</span>
<br />Questions in columns 18 - 20 refer only to members of a given household aged 5 years and over. During the time of enumeration, information on the school attendance status of the person and the highest grade the individual has completed will be asked and collected. All questions refer to the educational status of individuals aged 5 years and over at the time of the census.</p>
<p><span class="em">I. School attendance and enrollment</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Column 26: Enter grade enrolled for those currently attending school, code 97 if attended in the past and code 98 if never attended school</span>
<br />For those members of a household who are reported to be attending school at the time of the census, the grade level they are attending will be asked and the information obtained will be entered by their correct code as given on the next page. For those persons who are not attending school during the time of the census but who have attended sometime in the past, code 97 will be assigned. For individuals who have never attended school, code 98 will be given. </p>
<p>This question refers to the current school attendance status of persons aged 5 years and over. All eligible persons will be asked and based on the information obtained the appropriate code will be assigned from the given list of codes. Persons who are currently attending school (those who attend school at the time of enumeration) are those who are attending formal education in schools, training institutions, universities, colleges, etc., and persons who attend informal education like religious education at the time of enumeration. The schooling can be given by either paid or unpaid/volunteer persons/teachers. </p>
<p>Persons who are trying to adopt some skills during spare time with the help of their relatives or persons whom they know, for example daily laborers who try to acquire some skills about carpentry, mechanical works, and sewing while working, are not considered to be attending school. Nevertheless, those who are acquiring skills in training institutions at the time of the census are taken as persons who are attending school. </p>
<p>Those who attend formal educational institutions are given codes 00 to 12 and 20 to 23. For individuals who are reported to be attending informal education such as religious education, skill development like typing, carpentry, mechanical works, driving, sewing, etc., code 96 will be assigned. </p>
<p>Persons who are not attending school at the time of enumeration are divided in to two categories: </p>
<div class="i1">1. Those who are not reported to be attending school at the time of enumeration, but who have attended sometime in the past<br />2. Those who have never attended school</div><p>Those in category 1 are individuals who attended school sometime in the past but are not currently attending because of dropout or completion of the program. For those cases, code 97 will be given. Those in category 2 are individauls who have never attended any form of education and for them code 98 will be assigned. </p>
<p>To enable the enumerators to assign and enter the necessary code, the list of grade levels and the corresponding codes are listed below.</p>
<p><span class="em">A: Grade levels and codes for those attending school at the time of enumeration</span><div class="i1">00. Pre-school: persons who are attending kindergarten or levels below grade 1<br />01. Grade 1: persons who are attending grade 1 <br />02. Grade 2: persons who are attending grade 2 <br />03. Grade 3: persons who are attending grade 3 <br />04. Grade 4: persons who are attending grade 4<br />05. Grade 5: persons who are attending grade 5 <br />06. Grade 6: persons who are attending grade 6 <br />07. Grade 7: persons who are attending grade 7<br />08. Grade 8: persons who are attending grade 8 <br />09. Grade 9: persons who are attending grade 9 <br />10. Grade 10: persons who are attending grade 10 <br />11. Grade 11: persons who are attending grade 11 <br />12. Grade 12: persons who are attending grade 12<br />21. Certificate: persons who have completed 12th grade and are attending institutions like teachers training institute or colleges for certificate program (those attending colleges or universities for diploma or degree program are not included here)<br />21. College diploma: persons who are attending a higher education (college or degree) program which is designed to graduate students with a diploma (see the list of colleges, universities recognized as higher education institutions)<br />22. Degree: persons who are attending a program in a higher education institution which is designed to graduate students with a degree such as B.A., B.Sc., LL.B., M.D. (see the list of colleges, universities recognized as higher education institutions) <br />23. Postgraduate: persons who are attending a postgraduate program which is designed to graduate students with a postgraduate degree such as M.Sc., M.A. or Ph.D.<br />95. Adult education: persons who are attending adult education<br />96. Non-formal education: persons who are attending non-formal education like religious education at the time enumeration</div><span class="em">List of recognized colleges and universities during the 1994 census</span><div class="i1">a. Addis Ababa University (includes; Awassa Agricultural College, Debre Zeit Veterinary Faculty, Gonder Medical College and Bahir Dar Pedagogical College)<br />b. Alemaya University<br />c. Ambo Agricultural College<br />d. Jimma Agricultural College<br />e. Wendo Genet Forestry College<br />f. Bahir Dar Polytechnic Institute<br />g. Addis Ababa College of Commerce<br />h. Cotebe Teachers College<br />i. Jimma Medical Institute<br />j. Urban Plan College<br />k. Arba Minch Water Technology Institute<br />l. Mekele Business College</div><p>Diplomas awarded other than those listed above (in Ethiopia) are considered a certificate and will be given code 20.</p>
<p><span class="em"> B. For those who have attended before but are not attending at the time of census</span>
<br />Dropout cases or those who attended before, 97: Persons who have previously attended any form of education either in formal or informal educational institutions but are not attending school at the time of enumeration.</p>
<p><span class="em">C. Those who never attended before </span>
<br />Never attended before, 98: Persons who have never attended any form of education either in formal or informal educational institutions.Ethiopia 1994: Present and absent residents age 5 and older [discrepancies: none]This variable indicates the person's current education level.000Preschool001Grade 1002Grade 2003Grade 3004Grade 4005Grade 5006Grade 6007Grade 7008Grade 8009Grade 9010Grade 10011Grade 11012Grade 12020Certificate021College diploma022Degree023Post-graduate095Literacy program096Non-regular097Attended in the past098Never attended998Unknown999NIU (not in universe)Education Variables -- PERSONEducation level completed<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="h3">Five years and above</span>
<br />[Questions 26-27 were asked of resident members age 5+.]</p>
<p><span class="em">Educational status</span></p>
<p>26. Enter grade enrolled for those now attending school</p>
<div class="i1">97=Attended school in the past <br />98=Never attended school<br />_ _</div><span class="em">Column 26 - 27: Educational status of persons aged 5 years and above</span>
<br />Questions in columns 18 - 20 refer only to members of a given household aged 5 years and over. During the time of enumeration, information on the school attendance status of the person and the highest grade the individual has completed will be asked and collected. All questions refer to the educational status of individuals aged 5 years and over at the time of the census.Ethiopia 1994: Present and absent residents age 5 and older [discrepancies: type I none; type II trace]This variable indicates the respondent's level of completed education.00Illiterate01Grade 102Grade 203Grade 304Grade 405Grade 506Grade 607Grade 708Grade 809Grade 910Grade 1011Grade 1112Grade 1220Certificate21Diploma, year 1 or more but not finished22Degree, year 1 or more but not finished23College diploma24First degree or bachelor25Post-graduate, year 1 or more but not finished26Master27Doctorate95Literacy program96Non-Regular98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Education Variables -- PERSONEconomically active<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="h3">Asked of members aged ten years above</span>
<br />[Questions 28-33 were asked of resident members age 10+.]</p>
<p><span class="em">Economic activity</span></p>
<p>[For rural areas]
<br />28. Was [person] engaged in productive activity during the last 12 months?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><p>[For urban areas]
<br />28. Was [person] engaged in productive work during the last seven days?</p>
<div class="i1">If yes, write the number of days worked. If no, write "0".<br /><br />[] 1 Yes ________<br />[] 2 No</div><span class="em">Columns 28 - 32: Information on economic activity</span>
<br />The information collected on economic activity status in these columns during the last
<br />12 months include:
<br /> </p>
<div class="i1">a. whether the person was engaged in productive work during the reference period<br />b. reason for not being engaged in productive work during the reference period (for those who were not so engaged)<br />d. major types of occupation<br />d. major product or service of the establishment or industry<br />e. employment status in the main activity</div><span class="em">Column 28: Was (name) engaged in productive work during most of the last 12 months? 1 = Yes, 2 = No</span>
<br />Every member of the household aged ten years and above is asked whether they were engaged in productive activities during most of the 12 months prior to the date of enumeration. The enumerator should know the definition of productive work as given below.</p>
<p><span class="em">General definition of productive work</span>
<br />For the purpose of the census, productive activity is defined as work which involves the production of goods and/or services for sale or exchange and the production of certain products for own consumption. According to the above general definition, economic/productive activity covers the production of goods and services intended for sale on the market aimed at generating incomes. This includes the production of items or services for market (cash) or in exchange for other items. In other words, productive activities include paid employment in household, private, governmental, or agricultural activities, engagement in the production of goods for sale, working in household enterprises and agricultural sectors without payment and apprentices as well. Remuneration might be daily, weekly, monthly or according to the amount of work done.</p>
<p><span class="em">The following list of production of goods and services are included as productive activities.</span><div class="i1">A. Production of items for sale. For example, industrial products, production of pottery, etc., and persons providing services to generate income for example, barbers, selling local drinks like <span class="lang">Tella </span>and <span class="lang">Katikala </span>and weaving, brokers, etc.<br />B. Paid employment activities in governmental, other households or organizations. For example, physicians, teachers, employed farmers, shepherds, etc. It also includes unpaid communal work, for example, food for work, planting trees (forestry), communal labour, etc.<br />C. Producing items for own consumption or for sale or production of durable goods for domestic use, as detailed below.</div><span class="em">1. Activities involving primary production for own consumption: </span>
<br /> For example, producing agricultural products (crops like cereals/pulses, fruits and vegetables, cotton, etc.); hunting, forestry, fishing, mining and quarrying are the components of primary production. Growing or gathering agricultural primary products, animal husbandry/poultry, hunting, fishing and cutting or collecting fire woods, charcoal or for other purpose
<br /><span class="pg"> pg 67</span>
<br />from own holdings. Collecting thatching and weaving materials and charcoal making - mining salt cutting peat, digging of soil for house or household utensils, digging or collecting sand and stone, etc</p>
<p><span class="em">2. Processing of Primary Commodities for own Consumption</span>
<br />It covers activities such as milling grain, making butter, cheese and other dairy products, sinning and tanning, making baskets and hats and constructing wooden furniture and fixture.
<br /><span class="em">Note</span>: It should be emphasized that these various activities are considered as economic activity only if they involve the processing of primary products. Thus, pounding "<span class="lang">teff</span>" (a primary product) to make "<span class="lang">injera</span>" is included; thus-using flour (a processed product) to make "<span class="lang">injera</span>" is excluded. It should further be noted that only the processing of primary commodities by the producers of these items, which means that the processing for own consumption of primary commodities by those who do not produce them is excluded. Thus, for example making flour of "<span class="lang">teff</span>" from the market is not included but making flour of "teff" produced by oneself is considered.</p>
<p>Processing those above mentioned products to finished or semi-finished products for own consumption. Example: Spinning, making butter or cheese, grinding corns or cereals. Producing furniture, like, tables, chairs, containers, etc? However, processing those finished or semi-finished items to other forms for own consumption can not be considered as a productive activity.</p>
<p><span class="em">3. Processing of primary commodities (goods and services) for sale also are productive activity</span>
<br />
<br />Example, making local drinks (like "<span class="lang">Tella</span>") for sale and partially used for own consumption. It can also be considered if the drink is partially used for home.</p>
<p><span class="em">4. Production of fixed assets for own use (those fixed assets should give at least one year service)</span></p>
<p>Example, Construction of dwellings, construction of farm buildings, clearing land for cultivation production of agricultural tools, etc.</p>
<p><span class="em">Non-Productive / economic activities</span>
<br />While the SNA definition of the production of goods and services covers a wide range of activities many other activities still remain outside its scope.
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 68</span></p>
<p>a) Unpaid activities such as domestic tasks are taken as non-productive/ economic activities do not count as economic activity. For example, water fetching for domestic use, collecting firewood/ dung from field or forest (not from own holding) and spinning of cotton for own consumption of primary commodities who do not produce them. </p>
<p>b) Unpaid domestic activities do not count as economic activity. Examples are preparing food for household consumption, nursing of children and current repair and maintenance of dwelling and farm buildings and unpaid community and volunteer services, and voluntary service in international or national centers or local organizations, and prostitution etc...</p>
<p>c) Even though one receive money, but do not earn it: Who are pensions only, who are earning money by renting a house only, i.e. by not involving in any activity, Those who are earning money by begging ,and gamblers, are not considered as economic activity. </p>
<p>d) Others, like engaged in apprentice-to get experience working in offices, garage and in various sectors with out participation of in relation to training /education also considered non- economic activity.</p>
<p><span class="em">What do we mean by most of the last 12 months? </span>
<br />A person is to be classified as most of the last 12 months active (engaged in productive activity) usually if he/she has been economically active (engaged in productive activity) for more then 6 months or 26 weeks or above during the last 12 months. The above clarification is general definition/ concept. But engagement in productive activity for most of the last 12 months depends on the type and nature of activity they were involved and vary from country to country. The following three examples elaborate how most of the last 12 months are applicable.</p>
<p>a) If a person is engaged in agriculture, he/she is considered as being engaged in economic activity during most of the last 12 months if he/she has worked most of the main agricultural seasons of the reference year in that area/ locality.</p>
<p><span class="ital">For example </span>
<br /><span class="pg">pg 69</span>
<br />Suppose that the main agricultural season for a particular area is 8 months. A person in this particular area is said to be engaged in most of the last 12 months if he/she has worked for 4 months and more. Agricultural season includes the main and the "Belg" Season and the time from preparing the land to harvesting (seeding, ploughing, sawing, weeding, harvesting and collecting).</p>
<div class="i1">b. If a person is engaged in other agricultural activity, like livestock, poultry, cattle rearing, etc., for 6 months or more in the last 12 months, then that person is considered as he is engaged for most of the last 12 months.<br />c. Those who are engaged either non-agricultural sectors like, trade, weaving, or work in government organization/ NGO etc?., if they were worked for more than 6 months and above in the last 12 months.</div><span class="em">Column 28 - 32: Information on economic Activity</span></p>
<p>The information collected on economic activity status in these columns during the last
<br />7 days include: </p>
<div class="i1">a) Whether engaged in productive work during the reference period (if they engaged during the last 7 days, number of days worked);<br /><br />b) Reason for not being engaged in productive work during the reference period (for those who were not so engaged);<br /><br />c) Major types of occupation;<br /><br />d) Major product or service of the establishment or industry;<br /><br />e) Employment status in the main activity.</div><span class="em">Column 28: Was (NAME) engaged in productive work during the last 7 days? If yes write the number of days worked, if no write '0'</span></p>
<p>Every members of the household aged ten years and above is asked whether they were engaged in productive activities during the last 7 days prior to the date of enumeration, if they engaged in productive work number of days worked will be recorded in the given card column and if not enter '0'. A person is said to be participated in the productive during the last 7 days if at least worked for a one day during the reference period. Also if a person worked at least for four hours in a day we consider him/her as worked for a day. If a person worked for 7 days enter '7' in the card column.
<br />The enumerator should have to read know the productive work definition given in the instruction prepared for the rural part.</p>
<p><span class="em">The following list of production of goods and services are included as productive activities.</span></p>
<p>D. Production of items for sale: For example, industrial products, production of pottery ,etc? and persons providing services for generating income for example, barbers, selling local drinks like " Tella" and "Katikala" and weaving, brokers, .etc..
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 98</span>
<br />E. Paid employment activities in governmental, other households or organizations: for example physicians, teachers, employed farmers, shepherd, etc? It also includes unpaid communal work, for example, food for work, planting trees (forestry), communal labour, etc.
<br />F. Producing items for own consumption or for sale or production of durable goods for domestic use, these are: </p>
<p><span class="ital"><span class="em">1. Activities involving in primary production for own consumption: </span></span></p>
<p>Example, producing agricultural products, (crops like cereals/pulses, fruits and vegetables, cotton, etc); hunting, forestry, fishing, mining and quarrying are the components of primary production. Growing or gathering agricultural primary products, etc; animal husbandry/ poultry, hunting, fishing and cutting or collecting of fire woods, charcoal or for other purpose from own holdings. Collecting thatching and weaving materials and charcoal making - mining salt cutting peat, digging of soil for house or household utensils, digging or collecting sand and stone, etc </p>
<p><span class="em"><span class="ital">2. Processing of Primary Commodities for own Consumption</span></span>
<br />It covers activities such as milling grain, making butter, cheese and other dairy products, sinning and tanning, making baskets and hats and constructing wooden furniture and fixture.</p>
<p><span class="em">Note</span> : It should be emphasized that these various activities are considered as economic activity only if they involve the processing of primary products. Thus, pounding "teff" (a primary product) to make "injera" is included; thus-using flour (a processed product) to make "injera" is excluded. It should further be noted that only the processing of primary commodities by the producers of these items, which means that the processing for own consumption of primary commodities by those who do not produce them is excluded. Thus, for example making flour of "teff" from the market is not included but making flour of "teff" produced by oneself is considered. </p>
<p>Processing those above mentioned products to finished or semi-finished products for own consumption. Example: Spinning, making butter or cheese, grinding corns or cereals. Producing furniture, like, tables, chairs, containers, etc? However, processing those finished or semi-finished items to other forms for own consumption can not be considered as a productive activity.
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 99</span></p>
<p><span class="em"><span class="ital">3. Processing of primary commodities (goods and services) for sale also are productive activity</span></span></p>
<p>Example, making local drinks (like "Tella") for sale and partially used for own consumption. It can also be considered if the drink is partially used for home. </p>
<p><span class="ital"><span class="em">4. Production of fixed assets for own use (those fixed assets should give at least one year service)</span></span></p>
<p>Example, Construction of dwellings, construction of farm buildings, clearing land for cultivation production of agricultural tools, etc.</p>
<p><span class="em">Non-Productive / economic activities</span>
<br />While the SNA definition of the production of goods and services covers a wide range of activities many other activities still remain outside its scope. </p>
<p>a) Unpaid activities such as domestic tasks are taken as non-productive/ economic activities do not count as economic activity. For example, water fetching for domestic use, collecting firewood/ dung from field or forest (not from own holding) and spinning of cotton for own consumption of primary commodities who do not produce them. </p>
<p>b) Unpaid domestic activities do not count as economic activity. Examples are preparing food for household consumption, nursing of children and current repair and maintenance of dwelling and farm buildings and unpaid community and volunteer services, and voluntary service in international or national centers or local organizations, and prostitution etc...</p>
<p>c) Even though one receive money, but do not earn it: Who are pensions only, who are earning money by renting a house only, i.e. by not involving in any activity, Those who are earning money by begging ,and gamblers, are not considered as economic activity. </p>
<p>d) Others, like engaged in apprentice-to get experience working in offices, garage and in various sectors with out participation of in relation to training /education also considered non- economic activity.Ethiopia 1994: Present and absent residents age 10+ [discrepancies: type I none; type II 0.1%]This variable indicates whether the person was economically active. Yes responses include people looking for work and people who had work but were not working during the reference period. The reference period differs in urban and rural areas, referring to the last 7 days in urban areas or the last 12 months in rural areas.1Yes2No8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Work Variables -- PERSONWorked in the last 12 months (rural areas only)<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="h3">Asked of members aged ten years above</span>
<br />[Questions 28-33 were asked of resident members age 10+.]</p>
<p><span class="em">Economic activity</span></p>
<p>[For rural areas]
<br />28. Was [person] engaged in productive activity during the last 12 months?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><p>[For urban areas]
<br />28. Was [person] engaged in productive work during the last seven days?</p>
<div class="i1">If yes, write the number of days worked. If no, write "0".<br /><br />[] 1 Yes ________<br />[] 2 No</div><span class="em">Columns 28 - 32: Information on economic activity</span>
<br />The information collected on economic activity status in these columns during the last
<br />12 months include:
<br /> </p>
<div class="i1">a. whether the person was engaged in productive work during the reference period<br />b. reason for not being engaged in productive work during the reference period (for those who were not so engaged)<br />d. major types of occupation<br />d. major product or service of the establishment or industry<br />e. employment status in the main activity</div><span class="em">Column 28: Was (name) engaged in productive work during most of the last 12 months? 1 = Yes, 2 = No</span>
<br />Every member of the household aged ten years and above is asked whether they were engaged in productive activities during most of the 12 months prior to the date of enumeration. The enumerator should know the definition of productive work as given below.</p>
<p><span class="em">General definition of productive work</span>
<br />For the purpose of the census, productive activity is defined as work which involves the production of goods and/or services for sale or exchange and the production of certain products for own consumption. According to the above general definition, economic/productive activity covers the production of goods and services intended for sale on the market aimed at generating incomes. This includes the production of items or services for market (cash) or in exchange for other items. In other words, productive activities include paid employment in household, private, governmental, or agricultural activities, engagement in the production of goods for sale, working in household enterprises and agricultural sectors without payment and apprentices as well. Remuneration might be daily, weekly, monthly or according to the amount of work done.</p>
<p><span class="em">The following list of production of goods and services are included as productive activities.</span><div class="i1">A. Production of items for sale. For example, industrial products, production of pottery, etc., and persons providing services to generate income for example, barbers, selling local drinks like <span class="lang">Tella </span>and <span class="lang">Katikala </span>and weaving, brokers, etc.<br />B. Paid employment activities in governmental, other households or organizations. For example, physicians, teachers, employed farmers, shepherds, etc. It also includes unpaid communal work, for example, food for work, planting trees (forestry), communal labour, etc.<br />C. Producing items for own consumption or for sale or production of durable goods for domestic use, as detailed below.</div><span class="em">1. Activities involving primary production for own consumption: </span>
<br /> For example, producing agricultural products (crops like cereals/pulses, fruits and vegetables, cotton, etc.); hunting, forestry, fishing, mining and quarrying are the components of primary production. Growing or gathering agricultural primary products, animal husbandry/poultry, hunting, fishing and cutting or collecting fire woods, charcoal or for other purpose
<br /><span class="pg"> pg 67</span>
<br />from own holdings. Collecting thatching and weaving materials and charcoal making - mining salt cutting peat, digging of soil for house or household utensils, digging or collecting sand and stone, etc</p>
<p><span class="em">2. Processing of Primary Commodities for own Consumption</span>
<br />It covers activities such as milling grain, making butter, cheese and other dairy products, sinning and tanning, making baskets and hats and constructing wooden furniture and fixture.
<br /><span class="em">Note</span>: It should be emphasized that these various activities are considered as economic activity only if they involve the processing of primary products. Thus, pounding "<span class="lang">teff</span>" (a primary product) to make "<span class="lang">injera</span>" is included; thus-using flour (a processed product) to make "<span class="lang">injera</span>" is excluded. It should further be noted that only the processing of primary commodities by the producers of these items, which means that the processing for own consumption of primary commodities by those who do not produce them is excluded. Thus, for example making flour of "<span class="lang">teff</span>" from the market is not included but making flour of "teff" produced by oneself is considered.</p>
<p>Processing those above mentioned products to finished or semi-finished products for own consumption. Example: Spinning, making butter or cheese, grinding corns or cereals. Producing furniture, like, tables, chairs, containers, etc? However, processing those finished or semi-finished items to other forms for own consumption can not be considered as a productive activity.</p>
<p><span class="em">3. Processing of primary commodities (goods and services) for sale also are productive activity</span>
<br />
<br />Example, making local drinks (like "<span class="lang">Tella</span>") for sale and partially used for own consumption. It can also be considered if the drink is partially used for home.</p>
<p><span class="em">4. Production of fixed assets for own use (those fixed assets should give at least one year service)</span></p>
<p>Example, Construction of dwellings, construction of farm buildings, clearing land for cultivation production of agricultural tools, etc.</p>
<p><span class="em">Non-Productive / economic activities</span>
<br />While the SNA definition of the production of goods and services covers a wide range of activities many other activities still remain outside its scope.
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 68</span></p>
<p>a) Unpaid activities such as domestic tasks are taken as non-productive/ economic activities do not count as economic activity. For example, water fetching for domestic use, collecting firewood/ dung from field or forest (not from own holding) and spinning of cotton for own consumption of primary commodities who do not produce them. </p>
<p>b) Unpaid domestic activities do not count as economic activity. Examples are preparing food for household consumption, nursing of children and current repair and maintenance of dwelling and farm buildings and unpaid community and volunteer services, and voluntary service in international or national centers or local organizations, and prostitution etc...</p>
<p>c) Even though one receive money, but do not earn it: Who are pensions only, who are earning money by renting a house only, i.e. by not involving in any activity, Those who are earning money by begging ,and gamblers, are not considered as economic activity. </p>
<p>d) Others, like engaged in apprentice-to get experience working in offices, garage and in various sectors with out participation of in relation to training /education also considered non- economic activity.</p>
<p><span class="em">What do we mean by most of the last 12 months? </span>
<br />A person is to be classified as most of the last 12 months active (engaged in productive activity) usually if he/she has been economically active (engaged in productive activity) for more then 6 months or 26 weeks or above during the last 12 months. The above clarification is general definition/ concept. But engagement in productive activity for most of the last 12 months depends on the type and nature of activity they were involved and vary from country to country. The following three examples elaborate how most of the last 12 months are applicable.</p>
<p>a) If a person is engaged in agriculture, he/she is considered as being engaged in economic activity during most of the last 12 months if he/she has worked most of the main agricultural seasons of the reference year in that area/ locality.</p>
<p><span class="ital">For example </span>
<br /><span class="pg">pg 69</span>
<br />Suppose that the main agricultural season for a particular area is 8 months. A person in this particular area is said to be engaged in most of the last 12 months if he/she has worked for 4 months and more. Agricultural season includes the main and the "Belg" Season and the time from preparing the land to harvesting (seeding, ploughing, sawing, weeding, harvesting and collecting).</p>
<div class="i1">b. If a person is engaged in other agricultural activity, like livestock, poultry, cattle rearing, etc., for 6 months or more in the last 12 months, then that person is considered as he is engaged for most of the last 12 months.<br />c. Those who are engaged either non-agricultural sectors like, trade, weaving, or work in government organization/ NGO etc?., if they were worked for more than 6 months and above in the last 12 months.</div>Ethiopia 1994: Present and absent rural residents age 10+ [discrepancies: type I none; type II 0.5%]This variable applies to persons in rural areas and indicates whether the person was engaged in economic activity during the last 12 months.1Yes2No, did not work8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Work Variables -- PERSONNumber of days worked in the last week (urban areas only)<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>[For rural areas]
<br />28. Was [person] engaged in productive activity during the last 12 months?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><p>[For urban areas]
<br />28. Was [person] engaged in productive work during the last seven days?</p>
<div class="i1">If yes, write the number of days worked. If no, write "0".<br /><br />[] 1 Yes ________<br />[] 2 No</div><span class="em">Column 28 - 32: Information on economic Activity</span></p>
<p>The information collected on economic activity status in these columns during the last
<br />7 days include: </p>
<div class="i1">a) Whether engaged in productive work during the reference period (if they engaged during the last 7 days, number of days worked);<br /><br />b) Reason for not being engaged in productive work during the reference period (for those who were not so engaged);<br /><br />c) Major types of occupation;<br /><br />d) Major product or service of the establishment or industry;<br /><br />e) Employment status in the main activity.</div><span class="em">The following list of production of goods and services are included as productive activities.</span></p>
<p>D. Production of items for sale: For example, industrial products, production of pottery ,etc? and persons providing services for generating income for example, barbers, selling local drinks like " Tella" and "Katikala" and weaving, brokers, .etc..
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 98</span>
<br />E. Paid employment activities in governmental, other households or organizations: for example physicians, teachers, employed farmers, shepherd, etc? It also includes unpaid communal work, for example, food for work, planting trees (forestry), communal labour, etc.
<br />F. Producing items for own consumption or for sale or production of durable goods for domestic use, these are: </p>
<p><span class="ital"><span class="em">1. Activities involving in primary production for own consumption: </span></span></p>
<p>Example, producing agricultural products, (crops like cereals/pulses, fruits and vegetables, cotton, etc); hunting, forestry, fishing, mining and quarrying are the components of primary production. Growing or gathering agricultural primary products, etc; animal husbandry/ poultry, hunting, fishing and cutting or collecting of fire woods, charcoal or for other purpose from own holdings. Collecting thatching and weaving materials and charcoal making - mining salt cutting peat, digging of soil for house or household utensils, digging or collecting sand and stone, etc </p>
<p><span class="em"><span class="ital">2. Processing of Primary Commodities for own Consumption</span></span>
<br />It covers activities such as milling grain, making butter, cheese and other dairy products, sinning and tanning, making baskets and hats and constructing wooden furniture and fixture.</p>
<p><span class="em">Note</span> : It should be emphasized that these various activities are considered as economic activity only if they involve the processing of primary products. Thus, pounding "teff" (a primary product) to make "injera" is included; thus-using flour (a processed product) to make "injera" is excluded. It should further be noted that only the processing of primary commodities by the producers of these items, which means that the processing for own consumption of primary commodities by those who do not produce them is excluded. Thus, for example making flour of "teff" from the market is not included but making flour of "teff" produced by oneself is considered. </p>
<p>Processing those above mentioned products to finished or semi-finished products for own consumption. Example: Spinning, making butter or cheese, grinding corns or cereals. Producing furniture, like, tables, chairs, containers, etc? However, processing those finished or semi-finished items to other forms for own consumption can not be considered as a productive activity.
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 99</span></p>
<p><span class="em"><span class="ital">3. Processing of primary commodities (goods and services) for sale also are productive activity</span></span></p>
<p>Example, making local drinks (like "Tella") for sale and partially used for own consumption. It can also be considered if the drink is partially used for home. </p>
<p><span class="ital"><span class="em">4. Production of fixed assets for own use (those fixed assets should give at least one year service)</span></span></p>
<p>Example, Construction of dwellings, construction of farm buildings, clearing land for cultivation production of agricultural tools, etc.</p>
<p><span class="em">Non-Productive / economic activities</span>
<br />While the SNA definition of the production of goods and services covers a wide range of activities many other activities still remain outside its scope. </p>
<p>a) Unpaid activities such as domestic tasks are taken as non-productive/ economic activities do not count as economic activity. For example, water fetching for domestic use, collecting firewood/ dung from field or forest (not from own holding) and spinning of cotton for own consumption of primary commodities who do not produce them. </p>
<p>b) Unpaid domestic activities do not count as economic activity. Examples are preparing food for household consumption, nursing of children and current repair and maintenance of dwelling and farm buildings and unpaid community and volunteer services, and voluntary service in international or national centers or local organizations, and prostitution etc...</p>
<p>c) Even though one receive money, but do not earn it: Who are pensions only, who are earning money by renting a house only, i.e. by not involving in any activity, Those who are earning money by begging ,and gamblers, are not considered as economic activity. </p>
<p>d) Others, like engaged in apprentice-to get experience working in offices, garage and in various sectors with out participation of in relation to training /education also considered non- economic activity.Ethiopia 1994: Present and absent urban residents age 10+ [discrepancies: type I none; type II 0.2%]This variable applies to respondents in urban areas and indicates number of days the person worked (of the last 7 days).0No, did not work1Worked 1 day22 days33 days44 days55 days66 days77 days8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Work Variables -- PERSONReason for not working (last 12 months)<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>29. Reason for not working</p>
<div class="i1">If did not work (Col. 28 code 2), what was the reason for not working?<br />______________</div><p>
<br />[For urban area]
<br />29. For those who have been engaged in productive work during the last seven day (column 28 code 1-7), unemployed with previous experiences (column 29 code 2) and for those who had worked but did not work during the last seven days (column 29 code 03).</p>
<p>If did not work reason for not working. Ask those reported " No" in column 28 reasons for not being engaged in productive activity during most of last 12 months and enter the appropriate code in the space provided.</p>
<div class="i1">[] 01 Unemployed without work experience<br />[] 02 unemployed with work experience<br />[] 03 Had work but did not work<br />[] 04 students<br />[] 05 Unpaid family workers (individual homeworkers, house wife)<br />[] 06 Disables<br />[] 07 Too young<br />[] 08 Pensioners, etc.<br />[] 09 Prostitute<br />[] 10 others</div><p>For those who have been engaged in productive activity for most of the time (code 01 in column 28), unemployed with previous work experience (code 02 in column 29) and for those who had work but didn't work during the last 12 months (code 03 in column 29).<span class="em">What do we mean by most of the last 12 months? </span>
<br />A person is to be classified as most of the last 12 months active (engaged in productive activity) usually if he/she has been economically active (engaged in productive activity) for more then 6 months or 26 weeks or above during the last 12 months. The above clarification is general definition/ concept. But engagement in productive activity for most of the last 12 months depends on the type and nature of activity they were involved and vary from country to country. The following three examples elaborate how most of the last 12 months are applicable.</p>
<p>a) If a person is engaged in agriculture, he/she is considered as being engaged in economic activity during most of the last 12 months if he/she has worked most of the main agricultural seasons of the reference year in that area/ locality.</p>
<p><span class="ital">For example </span>
<br /><span class="pg">pg 69</span>
<br />Suppose that the main agricultural season for a particular area is 8 months. A person in this particular area is said to be engaged in most of the last 12 months if he/she has worked for 4 months and more. Agricultural season includes the main and the "Belg" Season and the time from preparing the land to harvesting (seeding, ploughing, sawing, weeding, harvesting and collecting).</p>
<div class="i1">b. If a person is engaged in other agricultural activity, like livestock, poultry, cattle rearing, etc., for 6 months or more in the last 12 months, then that person is considered as he is engaged for most of the last 12 months.<br />c. Those who are engaged either non-agricultural sectors like, trade, weaving, or work in government organization/ NGO etc?., if they were worked for more than 6 months and above in the last 12 months.</div><span class="em">Column 29: Reason for not working. If did not work (Column 28 code 2) What was the main reason for not working?</span></p>
<p>This column is asked for those who were not engaged in productive work in most of the last 12 months prior to the census date, or code 2 is given in column 28. The possible answers are given below with their codes. </p>
<p><span class="em">01 = Unemployed without work experience</span>: These people were not engaged in productive activity during most of the last 12 months and they have no job before 12 months and they may or many not seek to get a job during the reference time. If opportunity comes, they are ready to work.
<br />
<br /><span class="em">02 = Unemployed with work experience</span>: Even though these people had a job some time before a year but due to lack of job they were not engaged in any productive activity during most of the last 12 months. This people may seek or may not to get jobs. But if opportunity comes, they were ready to work.</p>
<p><span class="em">03 = Employed but not working in most of the last 12 months</span>: Persons who are employed but not working most of the last 12 months due to illness, injury, lack of raw materials, etc. classified here. </p>
<p><span class="em">04 = Student</span>: The category includes all persons, aged 10 years and above who, during most of the last 12 months do not engaged in productive activity due to
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 70</span>
<br /> attending school/training during day time. But those students who engaged in productive activity during most of the last 12 months are not included in this code.</p>
<p><span class="em">05 = Unpaid Home maids/servants</span>: All persons, male or female, who are aged 10 years and above, and who, during most of the last 12 months were not engaged in productive activity due to domestic activities like preparing food for family, etc. For example, house maid. It is important to note that those persons may or may not engage in economic activity during the last 12 months.</p>
<p><span class="em">06 = Disabled</span>: These persons were not working in the economic activity most of the last 12 months because of their disability or handicap ness.
<br /><span class="ital"> Note</span>: Disabled or handicapped persons who were engaged in productive activity (in Que.21) should not be included here. </p>
<p><span class="em">07 = Too young</span>: All persons (male or female) who are aged 10 years and above and who, during most of the last 12 months were not engaged in productive /economic activity because they are too young. For those persons who are aged 15 and above were not included in this code. For those persons who are attending school should be given code 4, rather than code 8</p>
<p><span class="em">08 = Old age/ retired/ remittance: </span>These are persons who were not engaged in productive /economic activity during most of the last 12 months because of old age/retired or remittance or renting a house.
<br /><span class="ital"><span class="em">Remark: </span></span>In addition to remittance, pensions and earning money from renting housing if they are engaged in economic activity during most of the last 12 months should not be included here;</p>
<p><span class="em">09 = Prostitutes: </span>Those persons who were not working in the productive activity during most of the last 12 months because of their main act.</p>
<p><span class="em">10 = Others</span>: Those persons who were not working in the productive activity during most of the last 12 months because of other reasons that are not classified from code 01 - 09 are categorized here.
<br /><span class="ital"><span class="em">Remark: </span></span>Unemployed students are those students attending school during the night and seeking job and were not engaged in any productive activity during the day should be included either in code 01 or 02.Ethiopia 1994: Persons 10+ who did not work during the reference period [discrepancies: type I trace; type II trace]This variable indicates the person's reason for not working (last 12 months).01Unemployed without experience02Unemployed with work experience03Had work but not working04Students05Unpaid family worker06Disabled07Too young08Pensioners09Sexual worker10Others98Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Work Variables -- PERSONOccupation<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>[Questions 30-32 were asked for person's age 10+ who were engaged in economic activity, unemployed with previous work experience, or had work but did not work in the last 12 months.]</p>
<p>30. What was the main occupation?</p>
<div class="i1">____</div><span class="em">Columns 28 - 32: Information on economic activity</span>
<br />The information collected on economic activity status in these columns during the last
<br />12 months include:
<br /> </p>
<div class="i1">a. whether the person was engaged in productive work during the reference period<br />b. reason for not being engaged in productive work during the reference period (for those who were not so engaged)<br />d. major types of occupation<br />d. major product or service of the establishment or industry<br />e. employment status in the main activity</div><span class="em">Column 30 - 32: For those who have been engaged in productive work during most of the last months (column 28 code 1), unemployed with previous work experience (column 29 code 02) and for who had work but did not work during the last 12 months (column 29 code 03). </span></p>
<p><span class="em">Column 30: What is (NAME's) occupation?</span></p>
<p>In this column data is collected only for those who have been engaged in productive work during most of the last months (column 28 code 1), unemployed with previous work experience (column 29 code 02) and for who had work but did not work during the last 1 months (column 29 code 03). The concerned persons either have at least one job or had work in the previous time.</p>
<p>When enquiring is done about the occupation, do not ask the type of products ask the type of wok. For example, for copy typist whether she works in hospital or factory the type of occupation recorded for her is "Typist'. In this column, register the type of occupation in the pace provided, codes are entered at the head office by the census questionnaire editors. </p>
<p>Try to be specific when you register the type of occupation so that no problem will be arises during coding is done for the registered type of occupation. For example, since elementary school teachers and high school teachers have different codes do not write only teacher, write the type of school they are teaching or used to teach. In similar case, trained, skilled and traditional farmers have different occupation codes. In addition, guessing the type of occupation based on the name of organization or institution is not correct. For example, in one mining factory we can find the general manager, executive secretary, chemists, engineers, casher, accountants, surveyors, soil laboratory technicians, machine operators, drivers, daily labourers, etc. and all have different codes. Even for similar work of if the skill of the operator or the type of machine they are operating is different, the code given is different.
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 72</span>
<br />On the service trade side also it needs to give due attention when writing the occupation type. For example, cashers, sales clerks, kiosk workers, etc. have different codes. </p>
<p>Sometimes we can face persons who have engaged in more than one type of occupation. In such case, record only one type occupation that the person is spent most of his/her time during the last 12 months. </p>
<p>In order to simplify enumerators' work, the lists of some occupation types are given below. Therefore, the numerators are requested to see the lists in detail before start filling in the answers in the space provided.
<br />
<br />[Examples of occupations, pages 73-75 have been removed]Ethiopia 1994: Persons age 10+ who are working or who are experienced workers looking for work [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the person's occupation.011Armed forces111Legislators and senior officials112Senior government officials113Kebele leaders, tribe chiefs, traditional chiefs, and heads114Non-governmental senior officials121General managers and department heads131Managers, section, and subsection heads211Physicists, chemists, geologists, and related professionals212Mathematicians, statisticians, and related professionals213Computing professionals214Architects, engineers, and related professionals221Agronomists, biologists, pharmacologists, and related professionals222Medical doctors, dentists, pharmacists, veterinarians and related professionals223Health officers, specialized nurses, and midwifery professionals231College, university, and higher education teaching professionals232High school teaching professionals233School inspectors, curricula developers, and related professionals241Accountants, auditors, and related professionals242Lawyers, judges, and related professionals243Archivists, librarians, and related professionals244Economists, sociologists, historians, psychologists, and related social science professionals245Music, film, painting, journalism, and related professionals246Religious professionals311Physical and engineering science technicians and safety inspectors312Computer associate profressionals313Photographic, sound telecommunications, medical, and related proferssionals314Ship and aircraft controllers and technicians321Agricultural, soil, forestry, pharmacology, biochemistry, and related professionals322Modern health associate professionals (except nursing)323Traditional birth attendants, traditional medicine workers331Primary junior secondary and pre-primary education teaching professionals332Pre-primary education teaching associate professionals333Driving, typewriting, and related teachers341Buyers, appraisers, valuers, travel consultants, and insurance professionals342Business service agents and trade brokers343Administrative associate professionals344Customs, tax and related government associate professionals345Singers, dancers, radio and television announcers, reporters, and related professionals346Religious associate professionals (priests, deacons, sheiks)411Typists and keyboard-operating clerks412Bookkeepers, accounting clerks, and related professionals413Stock clerks, transport clerks, and related professionals414Library, mail filling, and other office related clerks421Cashiers, tellers, counter clerks, meter readers, and related professionals422Receptionists, telephone operators, transport ticket clerks511Travel attendants and related workers512Housekeeping and restaurant services workers513Personal care and related workers514Poloice, fire fighters, and related workers521Fashion and other models522Shop and kiosk salespersons and demonstrators523Stall and market salespersons611Market gardeners and crop growers612Market-oriented animal producers and related workers613Forestry and related workers614Fishery workers, hunters, and trappers621Skilled subsistence agricultural and fishery workers711Miners, shotfirers, stone cutters and carvers712Stone masons, carpenters, and traditional house builders713Building finishers and related trades workers714Painters (building and manufactured articles)721Welders, metal molders, and related trades workers722Blacksmiths, tool-makers and related trades workers723Motorcar mechanics, airplane, and other machinery mechanics724Electrical and electronic equipment mechanics and fitters731Jewelers, gold and watch repairers, and other precision instruments732Potters, glass-makers and related trades workers733Handicraft workers in wood, textile, leather, and related materials734Printing, photography, and related trades workers741Food processing and related trades workers742Basketry weavers, spinners, tailors, and related trades workers743Weavers, spinners, tailors, and related trades workers744Leather, pelt, and shoemaking trades workers811Mining and mineral-processing-plant operators812Metal melters, casters, and related operators813Glass, ceramics, and related plant operators814Wood-processing-and papermaking-plant operators815Chemical-processing-plant operators816Electric- and power-production and related plant operators817Automated-assembly-line operators821Cement-metal and mineral-products machine operators822Chemical pharmaceutical explosives and other chemical products operators823Rubber- and plastic-products machine operators824Wood-products machine operators825Printing-, binding-and paper-products machine operators826Textile-, fur-and leather-products machine operators827Food and related products machine operators828Assemblers831Locomotive engine drivers and related workers832Motor vehicle drivers833Crane and lifting-truck operators, agricultural and other mobile plant operators834Ships deck crews and related workers911Street vendors and related workers912Shoe cleaning and other street services elementary occupations913Domestic and related helpers, cleaners and launderers914Building caretakers, window and related cleaners921Agricultural, fishery and related labourers931Mining and construction labourers932Manufacturing labourers933Transport labourers and freight handlers998Unknown999NIU (not in universe)Work: Occupation Variables -- PERSONIndustry<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>[Questions 30-32 were asked for person's age 10+ who were engaged in economic activity, unemployed with previous work experience, or had work but did not work in the last 12 months.]</p>
<p>31. Major product or service of establishment</p>
<div class="i1">____</div><span class="em">Columns 28 - 32: Information on economic activity</span>
<br />The information collected on economic activity status in these columns during the last
<br />12 months include:
<br /> </p>
<div class="i1">a. whether the person was engaged in productive work during the reference period<br />b. reason for not being engaged in productive work during the reference period (for those who were not so engaged)<br />d. major types of occupation<br />d. major product or service of the establishment or industry<br />e. employment status in the main activity</div><span class="em">Column 30 - 32: For those who have been engaged in productive work during most of the last months (column 28 code 1), unemployed with previous work experience (column 29 code 02) and for who had work but did not work during the last 12 months (column 29 code 03). </span></p>
<p><span class="em">Column 31: Major product or service of the establishment</span></p>
<p>To record the major product or service for a person under consideration, first enquire a person where he/she works and then the type of products or service produced or given by the establishment. </p>
<p>An establishment definition is relaxed here in order to capture those do not have fixed places, like; micro enterprises who operates on street side or open markets. For example, a person is working in his/her residence house weaving, tailor service, selling tella or katikala, etc., even though the work is not in organized manner, considered as an establishment and the product or service is recorded in this column.
<br />
<br />As explained under column 30, whenever we face with enterprise producing different products or services, the major one will be recorded. For example, a tobacco factory produces matches as an additional product. In such case, we record cigarette since it is the major product. Similar products take same code irrespective of the owner of the factory/ establishment (private or public) or mode of production (modern or traditional). Details of some products/ service are given below. </p>
<p>Farm products; cereal, vegetables, chat, coffee, etc. (sometimes together with draught animals).</p>
<p>Livestock; cow, ox, camel, sheep, goat, poultry, etc. (in some cases together with vegetables on small plots)</p>
<p>Farm and livestock products; producing both products.</p>
<p>Agricultural service; crop and livestock extension service, providing agricultural machineries.</p>
<p>Hotel; bed room service (can serve food and drinks)</p>
<p>Bar; without room service.</p>
<p>Tella (local drink) house; place where the local drink tella served.</p>
<p>Teji (local drinks) house; place where the local drink teji is served. </p>
<p>Producing local teji and selling to retailers.</p>
<p>Education sector administration; service activities in the ministry of education or regional bureaus or woreda offices. </p>
<p>Elementary school; teachers or administration staff in the school.</p>
<p>Agricultural sector administration; service activities in the ministry of agriculture or regional bureaus or woreda offices. </p>
<p>Types of major products or services recorded in column 31 are listed below. The list is presented here to give some idea on types of products or services registered under this column.</p>
<p>For skilled unemployed persons, the type of major products or service they used to work in will be recorded. Note that: Do not ask the organizations or institutions they served in, enquire only the major products or service produced or rendered by the organizations or institutions in which they employed.
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 74</span>
<br />
<br />[Examples of major products have been removed, pages 77-79]Ethiopia 1994: Persons age 10+ who are working or who are experienced workers looking for work [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the person's industry.011Growing of temporary and permanent crops, cereals, and vegetables012Farming of animals013Growing of crops combined with farming of animals014Agricultural and animal husbandry service activities015Hunting for food, sale, or research activities020Forestry, loggin, and related service activities050Fishing, fish farms, and related service activities101Mining of coal and lignite111Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas service activities120Mining of iron ores, non ferrous metal ores, and related activities131Quarrying of stone, sand, and clay132Mining and quarrying not elsewhere classified151Slaughtering, preparation, canning, and preserving meat152Processing, canning, and preserving of fish and fish products153Canning and preserving of fruits and vegetables154Manufacture of vegetable and animal oils and fats155Manufacture of dairy products156Grain mill products157Manufacture of bakery products158Manufacture of sugar and confectionery159Manufacture of food products not elsewhere classified161Distilling, rectifying, and blending of spirits162Manufacture of wines163Manufacture of beer164Manufacture of soft drinks and mineral water165Manufacture of tella, bordie, and related products166Manufacture of tej167Manufacture of katikala168Manufacture of tobacco products169Manufacture of beverage and tobacco products not elsewhere classified171Spinning, weaving, and finishing of textiles172Manufacture of made-up textile goods except wearing apparel173Manufacture of knitted and crocheted fabrics and articles181Manufacture of weaving apparel except fur apparel182Dressing and dyeing of fur, manufacture of articles of fur191Tanning and dressing of leather; manufacture of luggage, handbags, saddlery and harness192Manufacture of footwear201Sawmilling and planning of wood202Manufacture of products of wood, cork, straw and plaiting materials210Manufacture of paper and paper products221Publishing, printing and services activities related to print223Reproduction of recorded media231Manufacture of refined petrolleum products241Manufacture of basic industrial chmicals except fertilizers242Manufacture of fertilizers243Manufacture of plastics in primery forms and of synthetic rubbers244Manufacture of pesticide and other agro-chemical products245Manufacture of paints, varnishes, and similar coatings246Manufacture of pharmaceuticals and medicinal chemicals247Manufacture of soap and detergents, cleaning and polishing products249Manufacture of other chemical products not elsewhere classified251Manufacture of rubber tyres and tubes252Manufacture of plastic products261Manufacture of glass and glass products262Manufacture of ceramic ware, clay, and ceramic products263Manufacture of cement, lime, and plaster and articles of cement264Cutting, shaping, and finishing of stone269Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products271Manufacture of basic iron and steel272Manufacture of precious and non-ferrous metals273Casting of metals281Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery291Manufacture of general purpose machinery292Manufacture of special purpose machinery293Manufacture of domestic appliances not elsewhere classified300Manufacture of office, accounting and computing machinery311Manufacture of electrical machinery and apparatus, not elsewhere classified321Manufacture of radio, television, and communication equipment331Manufacture of medical, precision, and optical instruments341Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers, and semi-trailers351Manufacture of other transport equipment361Manufacture of office and household furniture362Manufacture of jewelry and related articles363Manufacture of musical instruments364Manufacture of sporting and athletic goods369Manufacture of articles not elsewhere classified401Production, collection, and distribution of energy402Manufacture and distribution of gas403Steam and hot water supply410Collection, purification, and distribution of water451Site preparation452Building of complete constructions or parts thereof; civil engineering453Building installation454Building completion455Renting of construction or demolition equipment with operator501Sale of motor vehicles502Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles503Sale of motor vehicle parts and accessories504Sale, maintenance and repair of motorcycles and related parts and accessories505Retail sale of automotive fuel511Wholesale on a fee or contract basis512Wholesale of agricultural raw materials, live animals, food, beverages and tobacco513Wholesale of household goods514Wholesale of non-agricultural intermediate products, waste and scrap515Wholesale of machinery, equipment and supplies519Other wholesale521Non-specialized retail trade in stores522Retail sale of food, beverages and tobacco in specialized stores523Other retail trade of new goods in specialized stores524Retail sale of second-hand goods in stores525Retail trade not in stores526Repair of personal and household goods551Hotels; camping sites and other provision of short-stay accommodation552Restaurants, bars and canteens601Land transport611Water transport621Air transport630Supporting and auxiliary transport activities; activities of travel agencies641Post and courier activities642Telecommunications651Hotels (with hotel rooms), camping sites and other659Other financial intermediation660Insurance and pension funding, except compulsory social security671Activities auxiliary to financial intermediation, except insurance and pension funding701Real estate activities with own or leased property711Renting of machinery and equipment without operator721Hardware consultancy722Software consultancy and supply723Data processing725Maintenance and repair of office, accounting and computing machinery729Other computer related activities731Research and experimental development on natural sciences and engineering (NSE)732Research and experimental development on social sciences and humanities (SSH)741Legal, accounting, book-keeping and auditing activities; tax consultancy; market research and public opinion polling; business and management consultancy742Architectural, engineering and other technical activities743Advertising749Business activities n.e.c.751Administration of the State and the economic and social policy of the community752Provision of services to the community as a whole753Compulsory social security activities801Primary education802Secondary education803Higher education809Adult and other education851Human health activities852Veterinary activities853Social work activities900Sewage and refuse disposal, sanitation and similar activities911Activities of business, employers and professional organizations912Activities of trade unions919Activities of other membership organizations921Motion picture, radio, television and other entertainment activities922News agency activities923Library, archives, museums and other cultural activities924Sporting and other recreational activities930Other service activities950Private households with employed persons990Extra-territorial organizations and bodies998Unknown999NIU (not in universe)Work: Industry Variables -- PERSONStatus in employment<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p>[Questions 30-32 were asked for person's age 10+ who were engaged in economic activity, unemployed with previous work experience, or had work but did not work in the last 12 months.]</p>
<p>32. Status</p>
<div class="i1">____________</div><p>[For urban area]
<br />32. The following codes are used to enter status of the person </p>
<div class="i1">[] 01 Employer<br />[] 02 Self employed<br />[] 03 Government employees<br />[] 04 Private employees<br />[] 05 Members of Agricultural or industrial cooperatives<br />[] 06 Unpaid family workers<br />[] 07 Others</div><span class="em">Columns 28 - 32: Information on economic activity</span>
<br />The information collected on economic activity status in these columns during the last
<br />12 months include:
<br /> </p>
<div class="i1">a. whether the person was engaged in productive work during the reference period<br />b. reason for not being engaged in productive work during the reference period (for those who were not so engaged)<br />d. major types of occupation<br />d. major product or service of the establishment or industry<br />e. employment status in the main activity</div><span class="em">Column 30 - 32: For those who have been engaged in productive work during most of the last months (column 28 code 1), unemployed with previous work experience (column 29 code 02) and for who had work but did not work during the last 12 months (column 29 code 03). </span></p>
<p><span class="em">Column 32: What was (NAME's) employment status in the main job?</span></p>
<p>This question is asked for those who answered code 1 or 2 in question 31 (who has engaged in economic activity for most of the last 12 month and unemployed with work experience). The main activity refers to what a person has been doing for the longest period within the last 12 months.
<br /><span class="ital">NOTE: </span> Employment status for unemployed persons with work experience is the status of the main job just before they left their work. Before filling the status, one has to understand well the following list and explanation of employment status.</p>
<div class="i1"><span class="em">1 = Employer</span>: A person who operates his or her own economic enterprise or engaged independently in a profession or trade, and hires one or more employees during most of the last 12 months. This person may or may not participate in the production processes. <br /><span class="em">2 = Self-employed</span>: These are own-account workers who operate their own economic enterprise or engage independently in a profession or trade, and hire no employees. They worked a productive activity for most of the last 12 months in their enterprise. <br /><br /><span class="em">3 = Government employee: </span>-This category includes those who, for most of the last 12 months worked on permanent or contractual basis, and paid on daily or weekly bases, and were paid from the government institutions such as hospitals, schools, defense forces?.etc and employed in public owned factories other development organizations (Government banks, state farms, etc.).<br /><br /><span class="em">4 = Private employee: </span>-These include those who, for most of the last 12 months, worked for a private employer and were paid either wages, salary in cash or in kind by the employer. The employments may be permanent or contract. The employer may pay them monthly, fortnightly, weekly, or daily. Those employed in NGO's or international organizations are also included here.<br /><br /><span class="em">5 = Members of co-operative: </span>-Who is an active member of a producers' co-operative and worked for most of the last 12 months. But those of the employees of the cooperatives should be included under code 4.<br /><br /><span class="em">6 = Unpaid family workers: </span>Those members of household (living in the same household) who worked for most of the last 12 months with out pay for families. <br /><br /><span class="em">7 = Other: </span>For those whose employment status is different from the above mentioned (1 - 6) and who worked for most the last 12 months are grouped in this code (code 7).</div>Ethiopia 1994: Persons age 10+ who are working or who are experienced workers looking for work [discrepancies: type I trace; type II none]This variable indicates the person's employment status.1Employer2Self-employed3Government employee4Private employee5Members of cooperative6Unpaid family worker7Others8Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Work Variables -- PERSONMale children ever born living at home<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="h3">Asked for women aged 10 years and above</span>
<br />[Questions 34-38 were asked of female residents' age 10+.]</p>
<p><span class="em">Total number of children ever born alive</span></p>
<p>34. What is the number of children living at home?</p>
<div class="i1">_ _ Male<br />_ _ Female</div><span class="em">Column 34 - 38: Are questions referring the fertility experience of women aged 10 years and over.</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Column 34 - 37: The total number of children ever born alive</span></p>
<p>This question is going to be asked for female member of a given household who are aged 10 years and above regarding the number of children they have ever born during life time
<br /><span class="pg">pg 81</span>
<br /> (which includes children who are living with them, children who are dead and children who are living in other places). Nevertheless, Females whose age is less than ten years and members who are males of any age are excluded from being asked this question.</p>
<p>Before forwarding the question to the respondent, the enumerator should understand the concept of being "born alive". Being "born alive" means without considering the number of months the fetus stayed in its mother's womb, if the child breaths at the time of birth or if he/she shows life before or after the umbilical chord is cut; such as when the child experiences a heart beat, umbilical chord beat, crying, muscle movement etc?, it is only under this condition we come to say that the child is "born alive." What should be noted here is that if the child shows life even for a very little time and die soon no matter how long the pregnancy lasted, the child will be considered to be "born alive". However, in situation when the fetus dead in the womb and abortion cases are not taken in to an account. </p>
<p>Traditionally, some mothers consider their adopted children as their own biological children, so due attention must be taken while asking the question to the respondent. What is required to collect is the information regarding the number of children ever born by their biological parents. For this purpose three separate questions (questions regarding children who are living with their parents, who are not living with them and who are dead) are built to collect the required information on the number of children ever born by a given respondent. This method helps parents to remember their entire biological children; so we can get the exact information on the number of ever born children. But adopted children are not counted and therefore enumerators should take care while collecting the information.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 34: What is the number of children living at home (Male, Female)?</span></p>
<p>For women age 10 years and above the question concerning the number of children they ever born and currently are living with them will be asked. The information (the number of ever born children who are living with their mothers) to be collected will be recorded separately by sex on the spaces provided. Under this question children who are included are:
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 82</span><div class="i1">If the respondent is currently married, the children who are born from the current spouse and living with them now.<br /><br />If the respondent was married before current marriage, children who were born before current marriage and living with their mothers in the current household.<br /><br />In addition, children born out of marriage or born before their first marriage and are living with their mothers in the current household.</div><p>Nevertheless, children who are born from the husband and any other women or children who are not born from the respondent are not included. For females who are 10 years and over but don't have children with them or never born before "0" will be written in the space provided.Ethiopia 1994: Females residents 10+ [discrepancies: none ]This variable indicates the number of male children ever born to female residents and who remain living at home.00001102203304405506607708898Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONFemale children ever born living at home<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="h3">Asked for women aged 10 years and above</span>
<br />[Questions 34-38 were asked of female residents' age 10+.]</p>
<p><span class="em">Total number of children ever born alive</span></p>
<p>34. What is the number of children living at home?</p>
<div class="i1">_ _ Male<br />_ _ Female</div><span class="em">Column 34 - 38: Are questions referring the fertility experience of women aged 10 years and over.</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Column 34 - 37: The total number of children ever born alive</span></p>
<p>This question is going to be asked for female member of a given household who are aged 10 years and above regarding the number of children they have ever born during life time
<br /><span class="pg">pg 81</span>
<br /> (which includes children who are living with them, children who are dead and children who are living in other places). Nevertheless, Females whose age is less than ten years and members who are males of any age are excluded from being asked this question.</p>
<p>Before forwarding the question to the respondent, the enumerator should understand the concept of being "born alive". Being "born alive" means without considering the number of months the fetus stayed in its mother's womb, if the child breaths at the time of birth or if he/she shows life before or after the umbilical chord is cut; such as when the child experiences a heart beat, umbilical chord beat, crying, muscle movement etc?, it is only under this condition we come to say that the child is "born alive." What should be noted here is that if the child shows life even for a very little time and die soon no matter how long the pregnancy lasted, the child will be considered to be "born alive". However, in situation when the fetus dead in the womb and abortion cases are not taken in to an account. </p>
<p>Traditionally, some mothers consider their adopted children as their own biological children, so due attention must be taken while asking the question to the respondent. What is required to collect is the information regarding the number of children ever born by their biological parents. For this purpose three separate questions (questions regarding children who are living with their parents, who are not living with them and who are dead) are built to collect the required information on the number of children ever born by a given respondent. This method helps parents to remember their entire biological children; so we can get the exact information on the number of ever born children. But adopted children are not counted and therefore enumerators should take care while collecting the information.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 34: What is the number of children living at home (Male, Female)?</span></p>
<p>For women age 10 years and above the question concerning the number of children they ever born and currently are living with them will be asked. The information (the number of ever born children who are living with their mothers) to be collected will be recorded separately by sex on the spaces provided. Under this question children who are included are:
<br /><span class="pg">Pg 82</span><div class="i1">If the respondent is currently married, the children who are born from the current spouse and living with them now.<br /><br />If the respondent was married before current marriage, children who were born before current marriage and living with their mothers in the current household.<br /><br />In addition, children born out of marriage or born before their first marriage and are living with their mothers in the current household.</div><p>Nevertheless, children who are born from the husband and any other women or children who are not born from the respondent are not included. For females who are 10 years and over but don't have children with them or never born before "0" will be written in the space provided.Ethiopia 1994: Females residents 10+ [discrepancies: none ]This variable indicates the number of female children ever born who remain living at home.00001102203304405506607708898Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONMale children ever born living elsewhere<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="h3">Asked for women aged 10 years and above</span>
<br />[Questions 34-38 were asked of female residents' age 10+.]</p>
<p><span class="em">Total number of children ever born alive</span></p>
<p>35. What is the number of children living elsewhere?</p>
<div class="i1">_ _ Male<br />_ _ Female</div><span class="em">Column 34 - 38: Are questions referring the fertility experience of women aged 10 years and over.</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Column 34 - 37: The total number of children ever born alive</span></p>
<p>This question is going to be asked for female member of a given household who are aged 10 years and above regarding the number of children they have ever born during life time
<br /><span class="pg">pg 81</span>
<br /> (which includes children who are living with them, children who are dead and children who are living in other places). Nevertheless, Females whose age is less than ten years and members who are males of any age are excluded from being asked this question.</p>
<p>Before forwarding the question to the respondent, the enumerator should understand the concept of being "born alive". Being "born alive" means without considering the number of months the fetus stayed in its mother's womb, if the child breaths at the time of birth or if he/she shows life before or after the umbilical chord is cut; such as when the child experiences a heart beat, umbilical chord beat, crying, muscle movement etc?, it is only under this condition we come to say that the child is "born alive." What should be noted here is that if the child shows life even for a very little time and die soon no matter how long the pregnancy lasted, the child will be considered to be "born alive". However, in situation when the fetus dead in the womb and abortion cases are not taken in to an account. </p>
<p>Traditionally, some mothers consider their adopted children as their own biological children, so due attention must be taken while asking the question to the respondent. What is required to collect is the information regarding the number of children ever born by their biological parents. For this purpose three separate questions (questions regarding children who are living with their parents, who are not living with them and who are dead) are built to collect the required information on the number of children ever born by a given respondent. This method helps parents to remember their entire biological children; so we can get the exact information on the number of ever born children. But adopted children are not counted and therefore enumerators should take care while collecting the information.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 35: What is the number of children living elsewhere (Male, Female)?</span></p>
<p>The question refers to children who are "born alive" and currently residing in other places rather than with their families. The separate questions will be asked by sex so that the number of children who are not living with their mothers by sex will be obtained. And the information to be collected will be filled in on the space provided. If the respondent have no children who are living in other places and never born before, the space provided must be filled with "0" for both sexes. Under this question children who are included are: </p>
<div class="i1">If the respondent is currently married, the children who are born from the current husband and living in other places.<br /><br />If the respondent was married before the current marriage, children who are born before the current marriage and living in other place.<br /><br />In addition children born out of marriage or born before their first marriage and are living in other place.</div>Ethiopia 1994: Females residents 10+ [discrepancies: none ]This variable indicates the number of male children ever born who are now living elsewhere.00001102203304405506607708898Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONFemale children ever born living elsewhere<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="h3">Asked for women aged 10 years and above</span>
<br />[Questions 34-38 were asked of female residents' age 10+.]</p>
<p><span class="em">Total number of children ever born alive</span></p>
<p>35. What is the number of children living elsewhere?</p>
<div class="i1">_ _ Male<br />_ _ Female</div><span class="em">Column 34 - 38: Are questions referring the fertility experience of women aged 10 years and over.</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Column 34 - 37: The total number of children ever born alive</span></p>
<p>This question is going to be asked for female member of a given household who are aged 10 years and above regarding the number of children they have ever born during life time
<br /><span class="pg">pg 81</span>
<br /> (which includes children who are living with them, children who are dead and children who are living in other places). Nevertheless, Females whose age is less than ten years and members who are males of any age are excluded from being asked this question.</p>
<p>Before forwarding the question to the respondent, the enumerator should understand the concept of being "born alive". Being "born alive" means without considering the number of months the fetus stayed in its mother's womb, if the child breaths at the time of birth or if he/she shows life before or after the umbilical chord is cut; such as when the child experiences a heart beat, umbilical chord beat, crying, muscle movement etc?, it is only under this condition we come to say that the child is "born alive." What should be noted here is that if the child shows life even for a very little time and die soon no matter how long the pregnancy lasted, the child will be considered to be "born alive". However, in situation when the fetus dead in the womb and abortion cases are not taken in to an account. </p>
<p>Traditionally, some mothers consider their adopted children as their own biological children, so due attention must be taken while asking the question to the respondent. What is required to collect is the information regarding the number of children ever born by their biological parents. For this purpose three separate questions (questions regarding children who are living with their parents, who are not living with them and who are dead) are built to collect the required information on the number of children ever born by a given respondent. This method helps parents to remember their entire biological children; so we can get the exact information on the number of ever born children. But adopted children are not counted and therefore enumerators should take care while collecting the information.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 35: What is the number of children living elsewhere (Male, Female)?</span></p>
<p>The question refers to children who are "born alive" and currently residing in other places rather than with their families. The separate questions will be asked by sex so that the number of children who are not living with their mothers by sex will be obtained. And the information to be collected will be filled in on the space provided. If the respondent have no children who are living in other places and never born before, the space provided must be filled with "0" for both sexes. Under this question children who are included are: </p>
<div class="i1">If the respondent is currently married, the children who are born from the current husband and living in other places.<br /><br />If the respondent was married before the current marriage, children who are born before the current marriage and living in other place.<br /><br />In addition children born out of marriage or born before their first marriage and are living in other place.</div>Ethiopia 1994: Females residents 10+ [discrepancies: none ]This variable indicates the number of female children ever born who are now living elsewhere.00001102203304405506607708898Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONMale children dead<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="h3">Asked for women aged 10 years and above</span>
<br />[Questions 34-38 were asked of female residents' age 10+.]</p>
<p><span class="em">Total number of children ever born alive</span></p>
<p>36. What is the number of children dead?</p>
<div class="i1">_ _ Male<br />_ _ Female</div><span class="em">Column 34 - 38: Are questions referring the fertility experience of women aged 10 years and over.</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Column 34 - 37: The total number of children ever born alive</span></p>
<p>This question is going to be asked for female member of a given household who are aged 10 years and above regarding the number of children they have ever born during life time
<br /><span class="pg">pg 81</span>
<br /> (which includes children who are living with them, children who are dead and children who are living in other places). Nevertheless, Females whose age is less than ten years and members who are males of any age are excluded from being asked this question.</p>
<p>Before forwarding the question to the respondent, the enumerator should understand the concept of being "born alive". Being "born alive" means without considering the number of months the fetus stayed in its mother's womb, if the child breaths at the time of birth or if he/she shows life before or after the umbilical chord is cut; such as when the child experiences a heart beat, umbilical chord beat, crying, muscle movement etc?, it is only under this condition we come to say that the child is "born alive." What should be noted here is that if the child shows life even for a very little time and die soon no matter how long the pregnancy lasted, the child will be considered to be "born alive". However, in situation when the fetus dead in the womb and abortion cases are not taken in to an account. </p>
<p>Traditionally, some mothers consider their adopted children as their own biological children, so due attention must be taken while asking the question to the respondent. What is required to collect is the information regarding the number of children ever born by their biological parents. For this purpose three separate questions (questions regarding children who are living with their parents, who are not living with them and who are dead) are built to collect the required information on the number of children ever born by a given respondent. This method helps parents to remember their entire biological children; so we can get the exact information on the number of ever born children. But adopted children are not counted and therefore enumerators should take care while collecting the information.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 36: What is the number of children dead? (Male, Female). </span></p>
<p>By asking the respondent that among the children who are "born alive" how many of them died, the information will be filled on the space provided. But if there is no child dead the space will be filled with "0" for both sexes. When the enumerator fills this question you should remember that children ever dead mean, children who are born alive but dead after some time. As mentioned earlier it is important to remember that children who are dead include children born with marriage and died or children born out of marriage and died.Ethiopia 1994: Females residents 10+ [discrepancies: none ]This variable indicates the number of male children ever born dead.00001102203304405506607708898Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONFemale children dead<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="h3">Asked for women aged 10 years and above</span>
<br />[Questions 34-38 were asked of female residents' age 10+.]</p>
<p><span class="em">Total number of children ever born alive</span></p>
<p>36. What is the number of children dead?</p>
<div class="i1">_ _ Male<br />_ _ Female</div><span class="em">Column 34 - 38: Are questions referring the fertility experience of women aged 10 years and over.</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Column 34 - 37: The total number of children ever born alive</span></p>
<p>This question is going to be asked for female member of a given household who are aged 10 years and above regarding the number of children they have ever born during life time
<br /><span class="pg">pg 81</span>
<br /> (which includes children who are living with them, children who are dead and children who are living in other places). Nevertheless, Females whose age is less than ten years and members who are males of any age are excluded from being asked this question.</p>
<p>Before forwarding the question to the respondent, the enumerator should understand the concept of being "born alive". Being "born alive" means without considering the number of months the fetus stayed in its mother's womb, if the child breaths at the time of birth or if he/she shows life before or after the umbilical chord is cut; such as when the child experiences a heart beat, umbilical chord beat, crying, muscle movement etc?, it is only under this condition we come to say that the child is "born alive." What should be noted here is that if the child shows life even for a very little time and die soon no matter how long the pregnancy lasted, the child will be considered to be "born alive". However, in situation when the fetus dead in the womb and abortion cases are not taken in to an account. </p>
<p>Traditionally, some mothers consider their adopted children as their own biological children, so due attention must be taken while asking the question to the respondent. What is required to collect is the information regarding the number of children ever born by their biological parents. For this purpose three separate questions (questions regarding children who are living with their parents, who are not living with them and who are dead) are built to collect the required information on the number of children ever born by a given respondent. This method helps parents to remember their entire biological children; so we can get the exact information on the number of ever born children. But adopted children are not counted and therefore enumerators should take care while collecting the information.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 36: What is the number of children dead? (Male, Female). </span></p>
<p>By asking the respondent that among the children who are "born alive" how many of them died, the information will be filled on the space provided. But if there is no child dead the space will be filled with "0" for both sexes. When the enumerator fills this question you should remember that children ever dead mean, children who are born alive but dead after some time. As mentioned earlier it is important to remember that children who are dead include children born with marriage and died or children born out of marriage and died.Ethiopia 1994: Females residents 10+ [discrepancies: none ]This variable indicates the number of female children ever born dead.00001102203304405506607708898Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONTotal children ever born<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="h3">Asked for women aged 10 years and above</span>
<br />[Questions 34-38 were asked of female residents' age 10+.]</p>
<p><span class="em">Total number of children ever born alive</span></p>
<p>37. What is the total number of children ever born alive?</p>
<div class="i1">_ _</div><span class="em">Column 34 - 38: Are questions referring the fertility experience of women aged 10 years and over.</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Column 34 - 37: The total number of children ever born alive</span></p>
<p>This question is going to be asked for female member of a given household who are aged 10 years and above regarding the number of children they have ever born during life time
<br /><span class="pg">pg 81</span>
<br /> (which includes children who are living with them, children who are dead and children who are living in other places). Nevertheless, Females whose age is less than ten years and members who are males of any age are excluded from being asked this question.</p>
<p>Before forwarding the question to the respondent, the enumerator should understand the concept of being "born alive". Being "born alive" means without considering the number of months the fetus stayed in its mother's womb, if the child breaths at the time of birth or if he/she shows life before or after the umbilical chord is cut; such as when the child experiences a heart beat, umbilical chord beat, crying, muscle movement etc?, it is only under this condition we come to say that the child is "born alive." What should be noted here is that if the child shows life even for a very little time and die soon no matter how long the pregnancy lasted, the child will be considered to be "born alive". However, in situation when the fetus dead in the womb and abortion cases are not taken in to an account. </p>
<p>Traditionally, some mothers consider their adopted children as their own biological children, so due attention must be taken while asking the question to the respondent. What is required to collect is the information regarding the number of children ever born by their biological parents. For this purpose three separate questions (questions regarding children who are living with their parents, who are not living with them and who are dead) are built to collect the required information on the number of children ever born by a given respondent. This method helps parents to remember their entire biological children; so we can get the exact information on the number of ever born children. But adopted children are not counted and therefore enumerators should take care while collecting the information.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 38: Births during the last 12 months <br />Did you have a live birth during the last 12 months? If yes enter the number of live births, otherwise enter '0'.</span></p>
<p>The respondent will be asked whether they gave birth to a child who is "born alive" during the 12 month prior to the date of enumeration i.e. from 11 October 1993 - October 10, 1994 and the answer will be recorded on the space provided. </p>
<p>To understand the concept "born alive" it is important to note the explanation given in columns 34 - 37. Moreover, in column 38 children who are counted must be born during the reference period (the 12 months prior to the date of enumeration i.e. from 11 October 1993 - October 10, 1994). Some times respondents may tell all of their children without taking in to an account the given reference period. Therefore it is crucial for the enumerator to explain all these concepts to the respondent.</p>
<p>If the respondent gave birth to a child during the last 12 months prior to the census date, the number of children will be filled on the space provided. However, if they didn't, "0" will be written in the space provided. Most of the time women give birth only once in a year so write "1" but in condition when a woman gives birth to a twin children during the reference period "2" will be written.Ethiopia 1994: Females residents 10+ [discrepancies: none ]This variable indicates the total number of children ever born.00None011022033044055066077088099101011111212131314141515161617171818191920202121222298Unknown99NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSONLive births in last 12 months<span class="h1">Section III: Detailed particulars of household members</span></p>
<p><span class="h3">Asked for women aged 10 years and above</span>
<br />[Questions 34-38 were asked of female residents' age 10+.]</p>
<p><span class="em">Total number of children ever born alive</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Births in the last 12 months</span>
<br />38. Have you given live birth during the last 12 months?</p>
<div class="i1">If yes, enter the number of live births, otherwise enter '0.'<br />_ _</div><span class="em">Column 34 - 38: Are questions referring the fertility experience of women aged 10 years and over.</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Column 34 - 37: The total number of children ever born alive</span></p>
<p>This question is going to be asked for female member of a given household who are aged 10 years and above regarding the number of children they have ever born during life time
<br /><span class="pg">pg 81</span>
<br /> (which includes children who are living with them, children who are dead and children who are living in other places). Nevertheless, Females whose age is less than ten years and members who are males of any age are excluded from being asked this question.</p>
<p>Before forwarding the question to the respondent, the enumerator should understand the concept of being "born alive". Being "born alive" means without considering the number of months the fetus stayed in its mother's womb, if the child breaths at the time of birth or if he/she shows life before or after the umbilical chord is cut; such as when the child experiences a heart beat, umbilical chord beat, crying, muscle movement etc?, it is only under this condition we come to say that the child is "born alive." What should be noted here is that if the child shows life even for a very little time and die soon no matter how long the pregnancy lasted, the child will be considered to be "born alive". However, in situation when the fetus dead in the womb and abortion cases are not taken in to an account. </p>
<p>Traditionally, some mothers consider their adopted children as their own biological children, so due attention must be taken while asking the question to the respondent. What is required to collect is the information regarding the number of children ever born by their biological parents. For this purpose three separate questions (questions regarding children who are living with their parents, who are not living with them and who are dead) are built to collect the required information on the number of children ever born by a given respondent. This method helps parents to remember their entire biological children; so we can get the exact information on the number of ever born children. But adopted children are not counted and therefore enumerators should take care while collecting the information.</p>
<p><span class="em">Column 38: Births during the last 12 months <br />Did you have a live birth during the last 12 months? If yes enter the number of live births, otherwise enter '0'.</span></p>
<p>The respondent will be asked whether they gave birth to a child who is "born alive" during the 12 month prior to the date of enumeration i.e. from 11 October 1993 - October 10, 1994 and the answer will be recorded on the space provided. </p>
<p>To understand the concept "born alive" it is important to note the explanation given in columns 34 - 37. Moreover, in column 38 children who are counted must be born during the reference period (the 12 months prior to the date of enumeration i.e. from 11 October 1993 - October 10, 1994). Some times respondents may tell all of their children without taking in to an account the given reference period. Therefore it is crucial for the enumerator to explain all these concepts to the respondent.</p>
<p>If the respondent gave birth to a child during the last 12 months prior to the census date, the number of children will be filled on the space provided. However, if they didn't, "0" will be written in the space provided. Most of the time women give birth only once in a year so write "1" but in condition when a woman gives birth to a twin children during the reference period "2" will be written.Ethiopia 1994: Females residents 10+ [discrepancies: none ]This variable indicates the number of live births in last 12 months.0None1122338Unknown9NIU (not in universe)Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSON