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The MOI survey was undertaken for the first time in 2008-2009, covering 1,777 manufacturing enterprises in 12 countries: Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Germany as a developed country benchmark and India as a developing country benchmark. \n\nThe objective of the survey is to measure and compare management practices across countries, to assess the constraints to private sector growth and enterprise performance resulting from management practices and to stimulate policy dialogue on the management practices and innovation and to help shape the agenda for reform.\n\nThe Survey uses a standardized survey instrument and a uniform sampling methodology to minimize measurement error and to yield data that are comparable across the economies. 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