DDI_NGA_2017_AFB-R7_v01_M Development Economics Data Group 2021-03-23 NADA Version 01 (March 2021) Afrobarometer Survey 2017 Round 7 AFB-R7 2017 NGA_2017_AFB-R7_v01_M Ghana Centre for Democratic Development (CDD) Institute for Justice and Reconciliation in South Africa (IJR) Institute for Empirical Research in Political Economy (IREEP) Institute for Development Studies (IDS) Michigan State University (MSU) University of Cape Town (UCT, South Africa) NADA Department for International Development Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency United States Agency for International Development World Bank Group For general inquiries For general inquiries For data Other Household Survey [hh/oth] Afrobarometer collects and disseminates information regarding Africans’ views on democracy, governance, economic reform, civil society, and quality of life. Round 1 surveys were conducted between 1999 and 2001. At that time, the project covered seven countries in Southern Africa (Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe), three countries in West Africa (Ghana, Nigeria and Mali) and two in East Africa (Uganda and Tanzania). Round 2 surveys were completed by November 2003 with four new countries added: Kenya, Senegal, Cape Verde and Mozambique. Round 3 surveys were conducted from March 2005 to February 2006 in the same countries, plus Benin and Madagascar. Round 4 surveys were conducted during 2008 and 2009 in 20 countries, reflecting the addition of Burkina Faso and Liberia. The fifth Round of surveys were done between October 2011 and June 2013. In the Round 5 surveys, the project covered an additional 15 countries in different regions of the continent. Among the new R5 countries were Mauritius and Swaziland in Southern Africa; Burundi and Ethiopia in East Africa; Cameroon, Niger, Cote D’Ivoire, Guinea, Sierra Leone and Togo in West Africa. Afrobarometer also worked with the Arab Barometer and implemented R5 surveys in Algeria, Egypt, Morocco Sudan and Tunisia. Additional Round 5.5 surveys were also conducted in Mali and Zimbabwe. In Round 6, surveys were done 36 countries. Two countries that were covered in Round 5, Ethiopia and Egypt, were not included due to operational constraints. In their place, the Network added Gabon and Sao Tome and Principe. The survey covered 34 African countries covered in Round 7 (2016-2018). Here are the list of countries covered in Round 7: Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Version 01: Edited, anonymized dataset for public distribution. conflict, security and peace [4.1] domestic political issues [4.2] government, political systems and organisations [4.4] mass political behaviour, attitudes/opinion [4.6] political ideology [4.7] business/industrial management and organisation [2.2] mass media [7.4] social exclusion [12.9] cultural activities and participation [13.2] cultural and national identity [13.3] religion and values [13.5] social behaviour and attitudes [13.6] social change [13.7] social conditions and indicators [13.8] The Afrobarometer is a comparative series of public attitude surveys that assess African citizen's attitudes to democracy and governance, markets, and civil society, among other topics. The surveys have been undertaken at periodic intervals since 1999. The Afrobarometer's coverage has increased over time. Round 1 (1999-2001) initially covered 7 countries and was later extended to 12 countries. Round 2 (2002-2004) surveyed citizens in 16 countries. Round 3 (2005-2006) 18 countries, Round 4 (2008) 20 countries, Round 5 (2011-2013) 34 countries, and Round 6 (2014-2015) 36 countries. The survey covered 34 countries in Round 7 (2016-2018). Nigeria National coverage. The lowest level of geographic aggregation covered by the data is district. Individual Citizens of Nigeria who are 18 years and older Sample survey data [ssd] Each Afrobarometer survey collects data about individual attitudes and behavior, including innovative indicators especially relevant to developing societies. This includes the following topics: • Democracy - Popular understanding of, support for, and satisfaction with democracy, as well as any desire to return to, or experiment with, authoritarian alternatives. • Governance - The demand for, and satisfaction with, effective, accountable and clean government; judgments of overall governance performance and social service delivery. • Livelihoods - How do African families survive? What variety of formal and informal means do they use to gain access to food, shelter, water, health, employment and money? • Macro-economics and markets - Citizen understandings of market principles and market reforms and their assessments of economic conditions and government performance at economic management. • Social capital - Whom do people trust? To what extent do they rely on informal networks and associations? What are their evaluations of the trustworthiness of various institutions? • Conflict and crime - How safe do people feel? What has been their experience with crime and violence? • Participation - The extent to which ordinary people join in development efforts, comply with the laws of the land, vote in elections, contact elected representatives, and engage in protest. The quality of electoral representation. • National identity - How do people see themselves in relation to ethnic and class identities? Does a shared sense of national identity exist? Practical Sampling International Sample size: 1,600 Sampling frame: 2006 Population and Housing Census of the Federal Republic of Nigeria Sample design: Nationally representative, random, clustered, stratified, multi-stage area probability sample Stratification: Region and urban-rural location Stages: PSUs (from strata), start points, households, respondents PSU selection: Probability proportionate to population size (PPPS) Cluster size: 8 households per PSU Household selection: Randomly selected start points, followed by walk pattern using 5/10 interval Respondent selection: Gender quota filled by alternating interviews between men and women; respondents of appropriate gender listed, after which household member draws a numbered card to select individual Face-to-face [f2f] The Round 7 questionnaire has been developed by the Questionnaire Committee after reviewing the findings and feedback obtained in previous Rounds, and securing input on preferred new topics from a host of donors, analysts, and users of the data. As in previous Rounds, about two-thirds of the items from the Round 6 questionnaire remain the same, and about one-third are new items. In identifying new survey topics, the Questionnaire Committee sought to align the instrument with the global development agenda by incorporating topics that speak to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that were adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015. Some of the new survey topics in the R7 questionnaire include: Safety and Security; State capacity; Migration; Closing spaces; Inclusion; Climate change and, the Middle class. The questionnaire consists of three parts: 1. Part 1 captures the steps for selecting households and respondents, and includes the introduction to the respondent and (pp.1-4). This section should be filled in by the Fieldworker. 2. Part 2 covers the core attitudinal and demographic questions that are asked by the Fieldworker and answered by the Respondent (Q1 – Q100). 3. Part 3 includes contextual questions about the setting and atmosphere of the interview, and collects information on the Fieldworker. This section is completed by the Fieldworker (Q101 – Q123). Weighted to account for individual selection probabilities Outcome rates: - Contact rate: 100% - Cooperation rate: 98.0% - Refusal rate: 1.0% - Response rate: 98.0% +/- 2% at 95% confidence level Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include: - the Identification of the Primary Investigator - the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation) - the survey reference number - the source and date of download Example: Afrobarometer Data, [Country(ies)], [Round(s)], [Year(s)], available at http://www.afrobarometer.org. Public use files, available to all The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. nig_r7_data.sav Afrobarometer round 7 survey data. 1600 372 Respondent number Respondent number Respondent number Respondent number Respondent number Respondent Number 1600 Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit PSU/EA 1600 1 2 1 Urban 2 Rural Province or region Province or region Province or region Province or region Province or region Region/Province 1600 620 656 620 ABIA 621 ADAMAWA 622 AKWA IBOM 623 ANAMBRA 624 BAUCHI 625 BAYELSA 626 BENUE 627 BORNO 628 CROSS RIVER 629 DELTA 630 EBONYI 631 EDO 632 EKITI 633 ENUGU 634 FCT ABUJA 635 GOMBE 636 IMO 637 JIGAWA 638 KADUNA 639 KANO 640 KATSINA 641 KEBBI 642 KOGI 643 KWARA 644 LAGOS 645 NASARAWA 646 NIGER 647 OGUN 648 ONDO 649 OSUN 650 OYO 651 PLATEAU 652 RIVERS 653 SOKOTO 654 TARABA 655 YOBE 656 ZAMFARA EA-SVC-A. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-A. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-A. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-A. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-A. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit/enumeration area: Electricity grid that most houses can access? 1600 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-SVC-B. Piped water system in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-B. Piped water system in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-B. Piped water system in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-B. Piped water system in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-B. Piped water system in the PSU/EA Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit/enumeration area: Piped water system that most houses can access? 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-SVC-C. Sewage system in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-C. Sewage system in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-C. Sewage system in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-C. Sewage system in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-C. Sewage system in the PSU/EA Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit/enumeration area: Sewage system that most houses can access? 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-SVC-D. Cell phone service in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-D. Cell phone service in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-D. Cell phone service in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-D. Cell phone service in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-D. Cell phone service in the PSU/EA Are the following services present in the primary sampling unit/enumeration area: Mobile phone service? 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-FAC-A. Post office in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-A. Post office in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-A. Post office in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-A. Post office in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-A. Post office in the PSU/EA Are the following facilities present in the primary sampling unit/enumeration area, or in easy walking distance: Post office? 1600 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-FAC-B. School in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-B. School in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-B. School in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-B. School in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-B. School in the PSU/EA Are the following facilities present in the primary sampling unit/enumeration area, or in easy walking distance: School (private or public, or both)? 1600 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-FAC-C. Police station in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-C. Police station in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-C. Police station in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-C. Police station in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-C. Police station in the PSU/EA Are the following facilities present in the primary sampling unit/enumeration area, or in easy walking distance: Police station? 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-FAC-D. Health Clinic in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-D. Health Clinic in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-D. Health Clinic in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-D. Health Clinic in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-D. Health Clinic in the PSU/EA Are the following facilities present in the primary sampling unit/enumeration area, or in easy walking distance: Health clinic (private or public, or both)? 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-FAC-E. Market stalls in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-E. Market stalls in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-E. Market stalls in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-E. Market stalls in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-E. Market stalls in the PSU/EA Are the following facilities present in the primary sampling unit/enumeration area, or in easy walking distance: Market stalls (selling groceries and/or clothing)? 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-FAC-F. Bank in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-F. Bank in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-F. Bank in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-F. Bank in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-F. Bank in the PSU/EA Are the following facilities present in the primary sampling unit/enumeration area, or in easy walking distance: Bank? 1600 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-FAC-G. Paid transport in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-G. Paid transport in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-G. Paid transport in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-G. Paid transport in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-G. Paid transport in the PSU/EA Are the following facilities present in the primary sampling unit/enumeration area, or in easy walking distance: Is there any kind of paid transport, such as a bus, taxi, moped, or other form, available on a daily basis? 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-SEC-A. Police in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-A. Police in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-A. Police in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-A. Police in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-A. Police in the PSU/EA In the PSU/EA, did you (or any of your colleagues) see: Any policemen or police vehicles? 1600 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Don't know EA-SEC-B. Soldiers/army in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-B. Soldiers/army in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-B. Soldiers/army in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-B. Soldiers/army in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-B. Soldiers/army in the PSU/EA In the PSU/EA, did you (or any of your colleagues) see: Any soldiers or army vehicles? 1600 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Don't know EA-SEC-C. Roadblocks by police/army in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-C. Roadblocks by police/army in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-C. Roadblocks by police/army in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-C. Roadblocks by police/army in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-C. Roadblocks by police/army in the PSU/EA In the PSU/EA, did you (or any of your colleagues) see: Any roadblocks set up by police or army? 1600 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Don't know EA-SEC-D. Customs checkpoints in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-D. Customs checkpoints in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-D. Customs checkpoints in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-D. Customs checkpoints in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-D. Customs checkpoints in the PSU/EA In the PSU/EA, did you (or any of your colleagues) see: Any customs checkpoints? 1600 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Don't know EA-SEC-E. Roadblocks by private security/local community in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-E. Roadblocks by private security/local community in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-E. Roadblocks by private security/local community in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-E. Roadblocks by private security/local community in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-E. Roadblocks by private security/local community in the PSU/EA In the PSU/EA, did you (or any of your colleagues) see: Any roadblocks or booms set up by private security providers or by the local community? 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Don't know EA-ROAD-A. Road surface at start point EA-ROAD-A. Road surface at start point EA-ROAD-A. Road surface at start point EA-ROAD-A. Road surface at start point EA-ROAD-A. Road surface at start point Thinking of your journey here: Was the road at the start point in the PSU/EA? 1600 1 6 -1 Missing 1 Earth 2 Gravel 3 Stone 4 Muram 5 Paved/ Tarred 6 Concrete EA-ROAD-B. Road surface last 5 km EA-ROAD-B. Road surface last 5 km EA-ROAD-B. Road surface last 5 km EA-ROAD-B. Road surface last 5 km EA-ROAD-B. Road surface last 5 km Thinking of your journey here: What was the most common surface of the road over the last 5 kilometers before arriving at the start point of the PSU/EA? 1600 1 6 -1 Missing 1 Earth 2 Gravel 3 Stone 4 Muram 5 Paved/ Tarred 6 Concrete EA-ROAD-C. Road condition last 5 km EA-ROAD-C. Road condition last 5 km EA-ROAD-C. Road condition last 5 km EA-ROAD-C. Road condition last 5 km EA-ROAD-C. Road condition last 5 km Thinking of your journey here: What was the condition of the road in the last 5 kilometers before reaching the start point of the PSU/EA? Was the road in excellent or good condition and easy to traverse, or was it in poor or very poor condition, that is, difficult to traverse due to potholes, waterlogging, or other issues, or was it impassable at any point (e.g., due to a collapsed bridge, fallen tree, flooding, etc.)? 1600 1 6 -1 Missing 1 Impassable 2 Very poor 3 Poor 4 Fair 5 Good 6 Very good Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 1 1600 1 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 (Verbatim) Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 (Verbatim) Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 (Verbatim) Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 (Verbatim) Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 (Verbatim) NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 1, other 1600 SICKNESS Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 2 1600 1 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 3 1600 7 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 4 1600 9997 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 5 1600 9997 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 6 1600 9997 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 7 1600 9997 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 NOCALL - Reasons for Unsuccessful Calls - Household 8 1600 9997 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful This interview, gender This interview, gender This interview, gender This interview, gender This interview, gender This interview must be with a: 1600 1 2 1 Male 2 Female Number of adults in household Number of adults in household Number of adults in household Number of adults in household Number of adults in household Total number of adult citizens in household 1600 1 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Number of calls Number of calls Number of calls Number of calls Number of calls How many calls were made to the household where the interview actually took place? 1600 1 2 1 2 Date of interview Date of interview Date of interview Date of interview Date of interview Date of interview 1600 2017-04-26 2017-04-27 2017-04-28 2017-04-29 2017-04-30 2017-05-01 2017-05-02 2017-05-03 2017-05-04 2017-05-05 2017-05-06 2017-05-07 2017-05-09 2017-05-10 Time interview started 1600 Q1. Age Q1. Age Q1. Age Q1. Age Q1. Age 1. How old are you? 1600 18 998 -1 Missing 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 75 77 80 998 Refused 999 Don't know Q2a. Respondent's mother tongue Q2a. Respondent's mother tongue Q2a. Respondent's mother tongue Q2a. Respondent's mother tongue Q2a. Respondent's mother tongue 2a. Which Nigerian language is your mother tongue or language of origin? 1600 1 9999 -1 Missing 1 English 620 Hausa 621 Igbo 622 Yoruba 623 Pidgin English 624 Efik 625 Ebira 626 Fulani 627 Isoko 628 Ibibio 629 Kanuri 630 Tiv 631 Nupe 632 Ijaw 633 Edo 634 Igala 635 Urhobo 636 Ogoni 637 Anang 638 Ikwere 639 Idoma 640 Esan 641 Nembe 642 Aten 643 Higgi 644 Kurama 645 Waja 9995 Other 9998 Refused to Answer 9999 Don't Know Q2aother. Respondent's mother tongue (verbatim) Q2aother. Respondent's mother tongue (verbatim) Q2aother. Respondent's mother tongue (verbatim) Q2aother. Respondent's mother tongue (verbatim) Q2aother. Respondent's mother tongue (verbatim) 2a. Which Nigerian language is your mother tongue or language of origin? Other 1600 Q2b. Language spoken in home Q2b. Language spoken in home Q2b. Language spoken in home Q2b. Language spoken in home Q2b. Language spoken in home 2b. What is the primary language you speak in your home now? 1600 1 9995 -1 Missing 1 English 620 Hausa 621 Igbo 622 Yoruba 623 Pidgin English 624 Efik 625 Ebira 626 Fulani 627 Isoko 628 Ibibio 629 Kanuri 630 Tiv 631 Nupe 632 Ijaw 633 Edo 634 Igala 635 Urhobo 636 Ogoni 637 Anang 638 Ikwere 639 Idoma 640 Esan 641 Nembe 642 Aten 643 Higgi 644 Kurama 645 Waja 9995 Other 9998 Refused to Answer 9999 Don't Know Q2bother. Language spoken in home (verbatim) Q2bother. Language spoken in home (verbatim) Q2bother. Language spoken in home (verbatim) Q2bother. Language spoken in home (verbatim) Q2bother. Language spoken in home (verbatim) 2b. What is the primary language you speak in your home now? Other 1600 Q3. Overall direction of the country Q3. Overall direction of the country Q3. Overall direction of the country Q3. Overall direction of the country Q3. Overall direction of the country 3. Let's start with your general view about the current direction of our country. Some people might think the country is going in the wrong direction. Others may feel it is going in the right direction. So let me ask YOU about the overall direction of the country: Would you say that the country is going in the wrong direction or going in the right direction? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Going in the wrong direction 2 Going in the right direction 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q4a. Country’s present economic condition Q4a. Country’s present economic condition Q4a. Country’s present economic condition Q4a. Country’s present economic condition Q4a. Country’s present economic condition 4. In general, how would you describe: - The present economic condition of this country? 1600 1 8 -1 Missing 1 Very Bad 2 Fairly Bad 3 Neither good nor bad 4 Fairly Good 5 Very good 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q4b. Your present living conditions Q4b. Your present living conditions Q4b. Your present living conditions Q4b. Your present living conditions Q4b. Your present living conditions 4. In general, how would you describe: - Your own present living conditions? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Bad 2 Fairly Bad 3 Neither good nor bad 4 Fairly Good 5 Very good 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q5. Your living conditions vs. others Q5. Your living conditions vs. others Q5. Your living conditions vs. others Q5. Your living conditions vs. others Q5. Your living conditions vs. others 5. In general, how do you rate your living conditions compared to those of other Nigerians? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q6. Country’s economic condition compared to 12 months ago Q6. Country’s economic condition compared to 12 months ago Q6. Country’s economic condition compared to 12 months ago Q6. Country’s economic condition compared to 12 months ago Q6. Country’s economic condition compared to 12 months ago Q6. Looking back, how do you rate economic conditions in this country compared to twelve months ago? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q7. Country’s economic condition in 12 months’ time Q7. Country’s economic condition in 12 months’ time Q7. Country’s economic condition in 12 months’ time Q7. Country’s economic condition in 12 months’ time Q7. Country’s economic condition in 12 months’ time 7. Looking ahead, do you expect economic conditions in this country to be better or worse in twelve months’ time? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q8a. How often gone without food Q8a. How often gone without food Q8a. How often gone without food Q8a. How often gone without food Q8a. How often gone without food 8. Over the past year, how often, if ever, have you or anyone in your family: - Gone without enough food to eat? 1600 4 -1 Missing Never 1 Just once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 4 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q8b. How often gone without water Q8b. How often gone without water Q8b. How often gone without water Q8b. How often gone without water Q8b. How often gone without water 8. Over the past year, how often, if ever, have you or anyone in your family: - Gone without enough clean water for home use? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Just once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 4 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q8c. How often gone without medical care Q8c. How often gone without medical care Q8c. How often gone without medical care Q8c. How often gone without medical care Q8c. How often gone without medical care 8. Over the past year, how often, if ever, have you or anyone in your family: - Gone without medicines or medical treatment? 1600 8 -1 Missing Never 1 Just once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 4 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q8d. How often gone without cooking fuel Q8d. How often gone without cooking fuel Q8d. How often gone without cooking fuel Q8d. How often gone without cooking fuel Q8d. How often gone without cooking fuel 8. Over the past year, how often, if ever, have you or anyone in your family: - Gone without enough fuel to cook your food? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Just once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 4 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q8e. How often gone without cash income Q8e. How often gone without cash income Q8e. How often gone without cash income Q8e. How often gone without cash income Q8e. How often gone without cash income 8. Over the past year, how often, if ever, have you or anyone in your family: - Gone without a cash income? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Just once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 4 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q8f. Frequency going without basic necessities Q8f. Frequency going without basic necessities Q8f. Frequency going without basic necessities Q8f. Frequency going without basic necessities Q8f. Frequency going without basic necessities 8. When you say you went without [insert item] [insert frequency] would you say this occurred: 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 About once every two or three months 2 About once a month 3 Two or three times a month 4 About once a week 5 Several times a week 6 Every day 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q9. How dependent on receiving remittances Q9. How dependent on receiving remittances Q9. How dependent on receiving remittances Q9. How dependent on receiving remittances Q9. How dependent on receiving remittances 9. Considering ALL the activities you engage in to secure a livelihood, how much, if at all, do you depend on receiving remittances from relatives or friends living in other countries? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all / Does not receive remittances 1 A little bit 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q10a. How often felt unsafe walking in neighbourhood Q10a. How often felt unsafe walking in neighbourhood Q10a. How often felt unsafe walking in neighbourhood Q10a. How often felt unsafe walking in neighbourhood Q10a. How often felt unsafe walking in neighbourhood 10. Over the past year, how often, if ever, have you or anyone in your family: - Felt unsafe walking in your neighbourhood? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Just once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 4 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q10b. How often feared crime in home Q10b. How often feared crime in home Q10b. How often feared crime in home Q10b. How often feared crime in home Q10b. How often feared crime in home 10. Over the past year, how often, if ever, have you or anyone in your family: - Feared crime in your own home? 1600 4 -1 Missing Never 1 Just once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 4 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q11a. Had something stolen from house Q11a. Had something stolen from house Q11a. Had something stolen from house Q11a. Had something stolen from house Q11a. Had something stolen from house 11. During the past year, have you or anyone in your family: - Had something stolen from your house? 1600 3 -1 Missing No 1 Yes, once 2 Yes, twice 3 Yes, three or more times 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q11b. Have been physically attacked Q11b. Have been physically attacked Q11b. Have been physically attacked Q11b. Have been physically attacked Q11b. Have been physically attacked 11. During the past year, have you or anyone in your family: - Been physically attacked? 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes, once 2 Yes, twice 3 Yes, three or more times 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q12a. Radio news Q12a. Radio news Q12a. Radio news Q12a. Radio news Q12a. Radio news 12. How often do you get news from the following sources: - Radio? 1600 4 -1 Missing Never 1 Less than once a month 2 A few times a month 3 A few times a week 4 Every day 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q12b. Television news Q12b. Television news Q12b. Television news Q12b. Television news Q12b. Television news 12. How often do you get news from the following sources: - Television? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Less than once a month 2 A few times a month 3 A few times a week 4 Every day 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q12c. Newspaper news Q12c. Newspaper news Q12c. Newspaper news Q12c. Newspaper news Q12c. Newspaper news 12. How often do you get news from the following sources: - Newspapers? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Less than once a month 2 A few times a month 3 A few times a week 4 Every day 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q12d. Internet news Q12d. Internet news Q12d. Internet news Q12d. Internet news Q12d. Internet news 12. How often do you get news from the following sources: - Internet? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Less than once a month 2 A few times a month 3 A few times a week 4 Every day 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q12e. Social media news Q12e. Social media news Q12e. Social media news Q12e. Social media news Q12e. Social media news 12. How often do you get news from the following sources: - Social media such as Facebook or Twitter? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Less than once a month 2 A few times a month 3 A few times a week 4 Every day 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q13. Discuss politics Q13. Discuss politics Q13. Discuss politics Q13. Discuss politics Q13. Discuss politics 13. When you get together with your friends or family, would you say you discuss political matters? 1600 8 -1 Missing Never 1 Occasionally 2 Frequently 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q14. Freedom to say what you think Q14. Freedom to say what you think Q14. Freedom to say what you think Q14. Freedom to say what you think Q14. Freedom to say what you think 14. In this country, how free are you to say what you think? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Not at all free 2 Not very free 3 Somewhat free 4 Completely free 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q15. Government bans organizations vs. join any Q15. Government bans organizations vs. join any Q15. Government bans organizations vs. join any Q15. Government bans organizations vs. join any Q15. Government bans organizations vs. join any 15. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Government should be able to ban any organization that goes against its policies. Statement 2: We should be able to join any organization, whether or not the government approves of it. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q16. Men only as leaders vs. women leaders Q16. Men only as leaders vs. women leaders Q16. Men only as leaders vs. women leaders Q16. Men only as leaders vs. women leaders Q16. Men only as leaders vs. women leaders 16. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Men make better political leaders than women, and should be elected rather than women. Statement 2: Women should have the same chance of being elected to political office as men. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q17. Newspapers free to publish vs. government control Q17. Newspapers free to publish vs. government control Q17. Newspapers free to publish vs. government control Q17. Newspapers free to publish vs. government control Q17. Newspapers free to publish vs. government control 17. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: The media should have the right to publish any views and ideas without government control. Statement 2: The government should have the right to prevent the media from publishing things that it considers harmful to society. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q18a. Access to information: school budget Q18a. Access to information: school budget Q18a. Access to information: school budget Q18a. Access to information: school budget Q18a. Access to information: school budget 18a. How likely is it that you could get the following information from government or other public institutions, or haven’t you heard enough to say? If you went to the local school to find out what the school’s budget is and how the funds have been used. 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q18b. Access to information: land ownership Q18b. Access to information: land ownership Q18b. Access to information: land ownership Q18b. Access to information: land ownership Q18b. Access to information: land ownership 18b. How likely is it that you could get the following information from government or other public institutions, or haven’t you heard enough to say? If you went to the Ministry of Lands and Houses to find out who owns a piece of land in your community. 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q18c. Access to information: local government development plan and budget Q18c. Access to information: local government development plan and budget Q18c. Access to information: local government development plan and budget Q18c. Access to information: local government development plan and budget Q18c. Access to information: local government development plan and budget 18c. How likely is it that you could get the following information from government or other public institutions, or haven’t you heard enough to say? If you went to the Ministry of Budget and Planning to find out about the Local Government Area (LGA) development plan and budgets. 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q18d. Access to information: business registration Q18d. Access to information: business registration Q18d. Access to information: business registration Q18d. Access to information: business registration Q18d. Access to information: business registration 18d. How likely is it that you could get the following information from government or other public institutions, or haven’t you heard enough to say? If you went to the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) to find out how to register a new business in your community. 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q19a. Better or worse: freedom to say what you think Q19a. Better or worse: freedom to say what you think Q19a. Better or worse: freedom to say what you think Q19a. Better or worse: freedom to say what you think Q19a. Better or worse: freedom to say what you think 19a. Please tell me if there is more or less freedom now for each of the following things compared to a few years ago, or are things about the same? Your own freedom to say what you think about politics? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much less freedom 2 Somewhat less freedom 3 Same 4 Somewhat more freedom 5 Much more freedom 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q19b. Better or worse: freedom to join political organizations Q19b. Better or worse: freedom to join political organizations Q19b. Better or worse: freedom to join political organizations Q19b. Better or worse: freedom to join political organizations Q19b. Better or worse: freedom to join political organizations 19b. Please tell me if there is more or less freedom now for each of the following things compared to a few years ago, or are things about the same? Your own freedom to join any political organization you want? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much less freedom 2 Somewhat less freedom 3 Same 4 Somewhat more freedom 5 Much more freedom 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q19c. Better or worse: media freedom to investigate, report Q19c. Better or worse: media freedom to investigate, report Q19c. Better or worse: media freedom to investigate, report Q19c. Better or worse: media freedom to investigate, report Q19c. Better or worse: media freedom to investigate, report 19c. Please tell me if there is more or less freedom now for each of the following things compared to a few years ago, or are things about the same? The media’s freedom to investigate and report on government mistakes or to criticize government actions or performance? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much less freedom 2 Somewhat less freedom 3 Same 4 Somewhat more freedom 5 Much more freedom 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q19d. Better or worse: freedom of NGOs/groups to speak, act Q19d. Better or worse: freedom of NGOs/groups to speak, act Q19d. Better or worse: freedom of NGOs/groups to speak, act Q19d. Better or worse: freedom of NGOs/groups to speak, act Q19d. Better or worse: freedom of NGOs/groups to speak, act 19d. Please tell me if there is more or less freedom now for each of the following things compared to a few years ago, or are things about the same? The freedom of independent groups or non-governmental organizations to speak, hold meetings, or advocate their views freely, including criticizing the government if they choose? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much less freedom 2 Somewhat less freedom 3 Same 4 Somewhat more freedom 5 Much more freedom 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q19e. Better or worse: freedom of opposition to function Q19e. Better or worse: freedom of opposition to function Q19e. Better or worse: freedom of opposition to function Q19e. Better or worse: freedom of opposition to function Q19e. Better or worse: freedom of opposition to function 19e. Please tell me if there is more or less freedom now for each of the following things compared to a few years ago, or are things about the same? The freedom of opposition parties or candidates to speak or hold rallies, state their views, or criticize the government? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much less freedom 2 Somewhat less freedom 3 Same 4 Somewhat more freedom 5 Much more freedom 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q20a. Member of religious group Q20a. Member of religious group Q20a. Member of religious group Q20a. Member of religious group Q20a. Member of religious group 20. Let’s turn to your role in the community. Now I am going to read out a list of groups that people join or attend. For each one, could you tell me whether you are an official leader, an active member, an inactive member, or not a member: - A religious group that meets outside of regular worship services? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not a Member 1 Inactive Member 2 Active Member 3 Official Leader 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q20b. Member of voluntary association or community group Q20b. Member of voluntary association or community group Q20b. Member of voluntary association or community group Q20b. Member of voluntary association or community group Q20b. Member of voluntary association or community group 20. Let’s turn to your role in the community. Now I am going to read out a list of groups that people join or attend. For each one, could you tell me whether you are an official leader, an active member, an inactive member, or not a member: - Some other voluntary association or community group? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not a Member 1 Inactive Member 2 Active Member 3 Official Leader 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q21a. Attend a community meeting Q21a. Attend a community meeting Q21a. Attend a community meeting Q21a. Attend a community meeting Q21a. Attend a community meeting 21. Here is a list of actions that people sometimes take as citizens. For each of these, please tell me whether you, personally, have done any of these things during the past year. If not, would you do this if you had the chance: - Attended a community meeting? 1600 9 -1 Missing No, would never do this 1 No, but would do if had the chance 2 Yes, once or twice 3 Yes, several times 4 Yes, often 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q21b. Join others to raise an issue Q21b. Join others to raise an issue Q21b. Join others to raise an issue Q21b. Join others to raise an issue Q21b. Join others to raise an issue 21. Here is a list of actions that people sometimes take as citizens. For each of these, please tell me whether you, personally, have done any of these things during the past year. If not, would you do this if you had the chance: - Got together with others to raise an issue? 1600 9 -1 Missing No, would never do this 1 No, but would do if had the chance 2 Yes, once or twice 3 Yes, several times 4 Yes, often 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q22. Voting in the most recent national election Q22. Voting in the most recent national election Q22. Voting in the most recent national election Q22. Voting in the most recent national election Q22. Voting in the most recent national election 22. Understanding that some people were unable to vote in the most recent national election in 2015, which of the following statements is true for you?[ 1600 98 -1 Missing You were not registered to vote 1 You voted in the elections 2 You decided not to vote 3 You could not find the polling station 4 You were prevented from voting 5 You did not have time to vote 6 You did not vote because your name not in the register 7 Did not vote for some other reason 8 You were too young to vote 9 Don’t Know / Can’t remember 98 Refused Q23. Freeness and fairness of the last national election Q23. Freeness and fairness of the last national election Q23. Freeness and fairness of the last national election Q23. Freeness and fairness of the last national election Q23. Freeness and fairness of the last national election 23. On the whole, how would you rate the freeness and fairness of the last national election, held in 2015. Was it: 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Not free and fair 2 Free and fair, with major problems 3 Free and fair, but with minor problems 4 Completely free and fair 8 Do not understand question 9 Don’t know 98 Refused Q24a. Last national election: attend a campaign rally Q24a. Last national election: attend a campaign rally Q24a. Last national election: attend a campaign rally Q24a. Last national election: attend a campaign rally Q24a. Last national election: attend a campaign rally 24. Thinking about the last national election in 2015, did you: - Attend a campaign rally? 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q24b. Last national election: work for a candidate or party Q24b. Last national election: work for a candidate or party Q24b. Last national election: work for a candidate or party Q24b. Last national election: work for a candidate or party Q24b. Last national election: work for a candidate or party 24. Thinking about the last national election in 2015, did you: - Work for a candidate or party? 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q25a. Contact local government councillor Q25a. Contact local government councillor Q25a. Contact local government councillor Q25a. Contact local government councillor Q25a. Contact local government councillor 25. During the past year, how often have you contacted any of the following persons about some important problem or to give them your views: - A local government councilor? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Only once 2 A few times 3 Often 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q25b. Contact MP Q25b. Contact MP Q25b. Contact MP Q25b. Contact MP Q25b. Contact MP 25. During the past year, how often have you contacted any of the following persons about some important problem or to give them your views: - A Member of the National Assembly? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Only once 2 A few times 3 Often 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q25c. Contact official of a government agency Q25c. Contact official of a government agency Q25c. Contact official of a government agency Q25c. Contact official of a government agency Q25c. Contact official of a government agency 25. During the past year, how often have you contacted any of the following persons about some important problem or to give them your views: - An official of a government agency? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Only once 2 A few times 3 Often 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q25d. Contact political party official Q25d. Contact political party official Q25d. Contact political party official Q25d. Contact political party official Q25d. Contact political party official 25. During the past year, how often have you contacted any of the following persons about some important problem or to give them your views: - A political party official? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Only once 2 A few times 3 Often 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q25e. Contact traditional leader Q25e. Contact traditional leader Q25e. Contact traditional leader Q25e. Contact traditional leader Q25e. Contact traditional leader 25. During the past year, how often have you contacted any of the following persons about some important problem or to give them your views: - Traditional Leaders? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Only once 2 A few times 3 Often 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q25f. Contact religious leader Q25f. Contact religious leader Q25f. Contact religious leader Q25f. Contact religious leader Q25f. Contact religious leader 25. During the past year, how often have you contacted any of the following persons about some important problem or to give them your views: - Religious Leaders? 1600 3 -1 Missing Never 1 Only once 2 A few times 3 Often 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q26a. Join others to request government action Q26a. Join others to request government action Q26a. Join others to request government action Q26a. Join others to request government action Q26a. Join others to request government action 26. Here is a list of actions that people sometimes take as citizens when they are dissatisfied with government performance. For each of these, please tell me whether you, personally, have done any of these things during the past year. If not, would you do this if you had the chance: - Joined others in your community to request action from government? 1600 9 -1 Missing No, would never do this 1 No, but would do if had the chance 2 Yes, once or twice 3 Yes, several times 4 Yes, often 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q26b. Contact media Q26b. Contact media Q26b. Contact media Q26b. Contact media Q26b. Contact media 26. Here is a list of actions that people sometimes take as citizens when they are dissatisfied with government performance. For each of these, please tell me whether you, personally, have done any of these things during the past year. If not, would you do this if you had the chance: - Contacted the media, like calling a radio program or writing a letter to a newspaper? 1600 9 -1 Missing No, would never do this 1 No, but would do if had the chance 2 Yes, once or twice 3 Yes, several times 4 Yes, often 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q26c. Contact official for help Q26c. Contact official for help Q26c. Contact official for help Q26c. Contact official for help Q26c. Contact official for help 26. Here is a list of actions that people sometimes take as citizens when they are dissatisfied with government performance. For each of these, please tell me whether you, personally, have done any of these things during the past year. If not, would you do this if you had the chance: - Contacted a government official to ask for help or make a complaint? 1600 9 -1 Missing No, would never do this 1 No, but would do if had the chance 2 Yes, once or twice 3 Yes, several times 4 Yes, often 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q26d. Refuse to pay tax or fee to government Q26d. Refuse to pay tax or fee to government Q26d. Refuse to pay tax or fee to government Q26d. Refuse to pay tax or fee to government Q26d. Refuse to pay tax or fee to government 26. Here is a list of actions that people sometimes take as citizens when they are dissatisfied with government performance. For each of these, please tell me whether you, personally, have done any of these things during the past year. If not, would you do this if you had the chance: - Refused to pay a tax or fee to government? 1600 9 -1 Missing No, would never do this 1 No, but would do if had the chance 2 Yes, once or twice 3 Yes, several times 4 Yes, often 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q26e. Attend a demonstration or protest march Q26e. Attend a demonstration or protest march Q26e. Attend a demonstration or protest march Q26e. Attend a demonstration or protest march Q26e. Attend a demonstration or protest march 26. Here is a list of actions that people sometimes take as citizens when they are dissatisfied with government performance. For each of these, please tell me whether you, personally, have done any of these things during the past year. If not, would you do this if you had the chance: - Participated in a demonstration or protest march? 1600 9 -1 Missing No, would never do this 1 No, but would do if had the chance 2 Yes, once or twice 3 Yes, several times 4 Yes, often 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q27a. Reject one-party rule Q27a. Reject one-party rule Q27a. Reject one-party rule Q27a. Reject one-party rule Q27a. Reject one-party rule 27. There are many ways to govern a country. Would you disapprove or approve of the following alternatives: - Only one political party is allowed to stand for election and hold office? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 4 Approve 5 Strongly Approve 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q27b. Reject military rule Q27b. Reject military rule Q27b. Reject military rule Q27b. Reject military rule Q27b. Reject military rule 27. There are many ways to govern a country. Would you disapprove or approve of the following alternatives: - The army comes in to govern the country? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 4 Approve 5 Strongly Approve 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q27c. Reject one-man rule Q27c. Reject one-man rule Q27c. Reject one-man rule Q27c. Reject one-man rule Q27c. Reject one-man rule 27. There are many ways to govern a country. Would you disapprove or approve of the following alternatives: - Elections and the National Assembly are abolished so that the president can decide everything. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 4 Approve 5 Strongly Approve 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q28. Support for democracy Q28. Support for democracy Q28. Support for democracy Q28. Support for democracy Q28. Support for democracy 28. Which of these three statements is closest to your own opinion? Statement 1: Democracy is preferable to any other kind of government. Statement 2: In some circumstances, a non-democratic government can be preferable. Statement 3: For someone like me, it doesn’t matter what kind of government we have. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 STATEMENT 3: Doesn't matter 2 STATEMENT 2: Sometimes non-democratic preferable 3 STATEMENT 1: Democracy preferable 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q29. Govt gets things done vs. Govt accountable to citizens Q29. Govt gets things done vs. Govt accountable to citizens Q29. Govt gets things done vs. Govt accountable to citizens Q29. Govt gets things done vs. Govt accountable to citizens Q29. Govt gets things done vs. Govt accountable to citizens 29. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: It is more important to have a government that can get things done, even if we have no influence over what it does. Statement 2: It is more important for citizens to be able to hold government accountable, even if that means it makes decisions more slowly. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q30. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods Q30. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods Q30. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods Q30. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods Q30. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods 30. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: We should choose our leaders in this country through regular, open and honest elections. Statement 2: Since elections sometimes produce bad results, we should adopt other methods for choosing this country’s leaders. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q31. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed Q31. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed Q31. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed Q31. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed Q31. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed 31. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Political parties create division and confusion; it is therefore unnecessary to have many political parties in Nigeria. Statement 2: Many political parties are needed to make sure that Nigerians have real choices in who governs them. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q32. President monitored by parliament vs. free to act on own Q32. President monitored by parliament vs. free to act on own Q32. President monitored by parliament vs. free to act on own Q32. President monitored by parliament vs. free to act on own Q32. President monitored by parliament vs. free to act on own 32. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2 Statement 1: The National Assembly should ensure that the President explains to it on a regular basis how his government spends taxpayers’ money. Statement 2: The President should be able to devote his full attention to developing the country rather than wasting time justifying his actions. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q33. President free to act vs. obey the laws and courts Q33. President free to act vs. obey the laws and courts Q33. President free to act vs. obey the laws and courts Q33. President free to act vs. obey the laws and courts Q33. President free to act vs. obey the laws and courts 33. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Since the President was elected to lead the country, he should not be bound by laws or court decisions that he thinks are wrong. Statement 2: The President must always obey the laws and the courts, even if he thinks they are wrong. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q34. Presidential two term limit vs. no term limits Q34. Presidential two term limit vs. no term limits Q34. Presidential two term limit vs. no term limits Q34. Presidential two term limit vs. no term limits Q34. Presidential two term limit vs. no term limits 34. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2 Statement 1: The Constitution should limit the president to serving a maximum of two terms in office. Statement 2: There should be no constitutional limit on how long the president can serve. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q35. Extent of democracy Q35. Extent of democracy Q35. Extent of democracy Q35. Extent of democracy Q35. Extent of democracy 35. In your opinion how much of a democracy is Nigeria today? 1600 1 98 -1 Missing 1 Not a democracy 2 A democracy, with major problems 3 A democracy, but with minor problems 4 A full democracy 8 Do not understand question / democracy 9 Don't know 98 Refused Q36. Satisfaction with democracy Q36. Satisfaction with democracy Q36. Satisfaction with democracy Q36. Satisfaction with democracy Q36. Satisfaction with democracy 36. Overall, how satisfied are you with the way democracy works in Nigeria? Are you: 1600 9 -1 Missing The country is not a democracy 1 Not at all satisfied 2 Not very satisfied 3 Fairly satisfied 4 Very satisfied 8 Refused 9 Do not know Q37. Obey government always vs. only if vote for it Q37. Obey government always vs. only if vote for it Q37. Obey government always vs. only if vote for it Q37. Obey government always vs. only if vote for it Q37. Obey government always vs. only if vote for it 37. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: It is important to obey the government in power, no matter who you voted for. Statement 2: It is not necessary to obey the laws of a government that you did not vote for. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q38a. Courts make binding decisions Q38a. Courts make binding decisions Q38a. Courts make binding decisions Q38a. Courts make binding decisions Q38a. Courts make binding decisions 38. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree or agree: - The courts have the right to make decisions that people always have to abide by. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q38b. People must obey the law Q38b. People must obey the law Q38b. People must obey the law Q38b. People must obey the law Q38b. People must obey the law 38. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree or agree: - The police always have the right to make people obey the law. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q38c. People must pay taxes Q38c. People must pay taxes Q38c. People must pay taxes Q38c. People must pay taxes Q38c. People must pay taxes 38. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree or agree: - The tax authorities always have the right to make people pay taxes. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q38d. Men have more right to job Q38d. Men have more right to job Q38d. Men have more right to job Q38d. Men have more right to job Q38d. Men have more right to job 38. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree or agree: - When jobs are scarce, men should have more right to a job than women. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q38e. Women have equal right to land Q38e. Women have equal right to land Q38e. Women have equal right to land Q38e. Women have equal right to land Q38e. Women have equal right to land 38. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree or agree: - Women should have the same rights as men to own and inherit land. 1600 1 8 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q38f. Better if woman takes care of household Q38f. Better if woman takes care of household Q38f. Better if woman takes care of household Q38f. Better if woman takes care of household Q38f. Better if woman takes care of household 38. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree or agree: - In general, it is better for a family if a woman has the main responsibility for taking care of the home and children rather than a man. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q38g. Government information for official use only Q38g. Government information for official use only Q38g. Government information for official use only Q38g. Government information for official use only Q38g. Government information for official use only 38. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree or agree: - Information held by public authorities is only for use by government officials; it should not have to be shared with the public. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q39a. How often party competition leads to conflict Q39a. How often party competition leads to conflict Q39a. How often party competition leads to conflict Q39a. How often party competition leads to conflict Q39a. How often party competition leads to conflict 39. In your opinion, how often, in this country: - Does competition between political parties lead to violent conflict? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q39b. How often president ignores laws Q39b. How often president ignores laws Q39b. How often president ignores laws Q39b. How often president ignores laws Q39b. How often president ignores laws 39. In your opinion, how often, in this country: - Does the President ignore the courts and laws of this country? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q39c. How often president ignores parliament Q39c. How often president ignores parliament Q39c. How often president ignores parliament Q39c. How often president ignores parliament Q39c. How often president ignores parliament 39. In your opinion, how often, in this country: - Does the President ignore the National Assembly and just do what he wants? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q40. How much fear political intimidation or violence Q40. How much fear political intimidation or violence Q40. How much fear political intimidation or violence Q40. How much fear political intimidation or violence Q40. How much fear political intimidation or violence 40. During election campaigns in this country, how much do you personally fear becoming a victim of political intimidation or violence? 1600 9 -1 Missing A lot 1 Somewhat 2 A little bit 3 Not at all 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q41. Elections: opposition prevented from running Q41. Elections: opposition prevented from running Q41. Elections: opposition prevented from running Q41. Elections: opposition prevented from running Q41. Elections: opposition prevented from running 41. In your opinion, during this country’s elections, how often are opposition candidates prevented from running for office? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Sometimes 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q42a. How often careful what you say Q42a. How often careful what you say Q42a. How often careful what you say Q42a. How often careful what you say Q42a. How often careful what you say 42. In your opinion, how often, in this country: - Do people have to be careful of what they say about politics? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q42b. How often careful which organisations joined Q42b. How often careful which organisations joined Q42b. How often careful which organisations joined Q42b. How often careful which organisations joined Q42b. How often careful which organisations joined 42. In your opinion, how often, in this country: - Do people have to be careful about what political organisations they join? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q42c. How often careful how vote Q42c. How often careful how vote Q42c. How often careful how vote Q42c. How often careful how vote Q42c. How often careful how vote 42. In your opinion, how often, in this country: - Do people have to be careful about how they vote in an election? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q42d. How often people treated unequally Q42d. How often people treated unequally Q42d. How often people treated unequally Q42d. How often people treated unequally Q42d. How often people treated unequally 42. In your opinion, how often, in this country: - Are people treated unequally under the law? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q42e. How often officials unpunished Q42e. How often officials unpunished Q42e. How often officials unpunished Q42e. How often officials unpunished Q42e. How often officials unpunished 42. In your opinion, how often, in this country: - Do officials who commit crimes go unpunished? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q42f. How often ordinary people unpunished Q42f. How often ordinary people unpunished Q42f. How often ordinary people unpunished Q42f. How often ordinary people unpunished Q42f. How often ordinary people unpunished 42. In your opinion, how often, in this country: - Do ordinary people who break the law go unpunished? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q43a. Trust president Q43a. Trust president Q43a. Trust president Q43a. Trust president Q43a. Trust president 43. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - The President? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43b. Trust parliament/national assembly Q43b. Trust parliament/national assembly Q43b. Trust parliament/national assembly Q43b. Trust parliament/national assembly Q43b. Trust parliament/national assembly 43. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - The National Assembly? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43c. Trust national electoral commission Q43c. Trust national electoral commission Q43c. Trust national electoral commission Q43c. Trust national electoral commission Q43c. Trust national electoral commission 43. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43d. Trust your elected local government council Q43d. Trust your elected local government council Q43d. Trust your elected local government council Q43d. Trust your elected local government council Q43d. Trust your elected local government council 43. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Your Local Government Council? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43e. Trust the ruling party Q43e. Trust the ruling party Q43e. Trust the ruling party Q43e. Trust the ruling party Q43e. Trust the ruling party 43. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - The Ruling APC Party? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43f. Trust opposition political parties Q43f. Trust opposition political parties Q43f. Trust opposition political parties Q43f. Trust opposition political parties Q43f. Trust opposition political parties 43. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Opposition political parties? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43g. Trust police Q43g. Trust police Q43g. Trust police Q43g. Trust police Q43g. Trust police 43. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - The Police? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43h. Trust army Q43h. Trust army Q43h. Trust army Q43h. Trust army Q43h. Trust army 43. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Nigeria Armed Forces? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43i. Trust courts of law Q43i. Trust courts of law Q43i. Trust courts of law Q43i. Trust courts of law Q43i. Trust courts of law 43. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Courts of law? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43j. Trust traditional leaders Q43j. Trust traditional leaders Q43j. Trust traditional leaders Q43j. Trust traditional leaders Q43j. Trust traditional leaders 43. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Traditional leaders? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43k. Trust religious leaders Q43k. Trust religious leaders Q43k. Trust religious leaders Q43k. Trust religious leaders Q43k. Trust religious leaders 43. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Religious leaders? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43l_NIG. Trust state govenor Q43l_NIG. Trust state govenor Q43l_NIG. Trust state govenor Q43l_NIG. Trust state govenor Q43l_NIG. Trust state govenor 43. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Your State Governor 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q43m_NIG. Trust State House of Assembly Q43m_NIG. Trust State House of Assembly Q43m_NIG. Trust State House of Assembly Q43m_NIG. Trust State House of Assembly Q43m_NIG. Trust State House of Assembly 43. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Your State House of Assembly 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q44a. Corruption: office of the Presidency Q44a. Corruption: office of the Presidency Q44a. Corruption: office of the Presidency Q44a. Corruption: office of the Presidency Q44a. Corruption: office of the Presidency 44. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - The President and Officials in his Office? 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44b. Corruption: Members of Parliament Q44b. Corruption: Members of Parliament Q44b. Corruption: Members of Parliament Q44b. Corruption: Members of Parliament Q44b. Corruption: Members of Parliament 44. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Members of the National Assembly? 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44c. Corruption: government officials Q44c. Corruption: government officials Q44c. Corruption: government officials Q44c. Corruption: government officials Q44c. Corruption: government officials 44. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Government officials? 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44d. Corruption: local government councillors Q44d. Corruption: local government councillors Q44d. Corruption: local government councillors Q44d. Corruption: local government councillors Q44d. Corruption: local government councillors 44. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Members of your State House of Assembly? 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44e. Corruption: police Q44e. Corruption: police Q44e. Corruption: police Q44e. Corruption: police Q44e. Corruption: police 44. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Police? 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44f. Corruption: judges and magistrates Q44f. Corruption: judges and magistrates Q44f. Corruption: judges and magistrates Q44f. Corruption: judges and magistrates Q44f. Corruption: judges and magistrates 44. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Judges and magistrates? 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44g. Corruption: traditional leaders Q44g. Corruption: traditional leaders Q44g. Corruption: traditional leaders Q44g. Corruption: traditional leaders Q44g. Corruption: traditional leaders 44. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Traditional leaders? 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44h. Corruption: religious leaders Q44h. Corruption: religious leaders Q44h. Corruption: religious leaders Q44h. Corruption: religious leaders Q44h. Corruption: religious leaders 44. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Religious leaders? 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44i. Corruption: business executives Q44i. Corruption: business executives Q44i. Corruption: business executives Q44i. Corruption: business executives Q44i. Corruption: business executives 44. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Business executives? 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44j. Corruption: non-governmental organisations Q44j. Corruption: non-governmental organisations Q44j. Corruption: non-governmental organisations Q44j. Corruption: non-governmental organisations Q44j. Corruption: non-governmental organisations 44. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Non-governmental organisations? 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44k_NIG. Corruption: State Governors and their officials Q44k_NIG. Corruption: State Governors and their officials Q44k_NIG. Corruption: State Governors and their officials Q44k_NIG. Corruption: State Governors and their officials Q44k_NIG. Corruption: State Governors and their officials 44. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - State Governors and officials in their office 1600 9 -1 MIssing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q44l_NIG. Corruption: State Assembly members Q44l_NIG. Corruption: State Assembly members Q44l_NIG. Corruption: State Assembly members Q44l_NIG. Corruption: State Assembly members Q44l_NIG. Corruption: State Assembly members 44. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - State Assembly members 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q44m_NIG. Corruption: Local government chairpersonsand their officials Q44m_NIG. Corruption: Local government chairpersonsand their officials Q44m_NIG. Corruption: Local government chairpersonsand their officials Q44m_NIG. Corruption: Local government chairpersonsand their officials Q44m_NIG. Corruption: Local government chairpersonsand their officials 44. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Local government chairpersons and their officials. 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q45. Level of corruption Q45. Level of corruption Q45. Level of corruption Q45. Level of corruption Q45. Level of corruption 45. In your opinion, over the past year, has the level of corruption in this country increased, decreased, or stayed the same? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Increased a lot 2 Increased somewhat 3 Stayed the same 4 Decreased somewhat 5 Decreased a lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q46. Ordinary people can fight corruption Q46. Ordinary people can fight corruption Q46. Ordinary people can fight corruption Q46. Ordinary people can fight corruption Q46. Ordinary people can fight corruption 46. Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with the following statement: Ordinary people can make a difference in the fight against corruption? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q47. Ordinary people can report corruption without fear Q47. Ordinary people can report corruption without fear Q47. Ordinary people can report corruption without fear Q47. Ordinary people can report corruption without fear Q47. Ordinary people can report corruption without fear 47. In this country, can ordinary people report incidents of corruption without fear, or do they risk retaliation or other negative consequences if they speak out? 1600 9 -1 Missing Can report without fear 1 Risk retaliation 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q48a. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid taxes Q48a. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid taxes Q48a. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid taxes Q48a. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid taxes Q48a. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid taxes 48. In this country, how likely do you think it is that an ordinary person could pay a bribe or use personal connections to get away with: - Avoiding paying taxes they owe to government? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q48b. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid going to court Q48b. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid going to court Q48b. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid going to court Q48b. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid going to court Q48b. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid going to court 48. In this country, how likely do you think it is that an ordinary person could pay a bribe or use personal connections to get away with: - Avoiding going to court? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q48c. Ordinary person: pay bribe to register land not theirs Q48c. Ordinary person: pay bribe to register land not theirs Q48c. Ordinary person: pay bribe to register land not theirs Q48c. Ordinary person: pay bribe to register land not theirs Q48c. Ordinary person: pay bribe to register land not theirs 48. In this country, how likely do you think it is that an ordinary person could pay a bribe or use personal connections to get away with: - Registering land that does not belong to them? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q48d. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid taxes Q48d. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid taxes Q48d. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid taxes Q48d. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid taxes Q48d. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid taxes 48. And in this country how likely do you think it is that a rich person could pay a bribe or use personal connections to get away with: - Avoiding paying taxes they owe to government? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q48e. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid going to court Q48e. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid going to court Q48e. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid going to court Q48e. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid going to court Q48e. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid going to court 48. And in this country how likely do you think it is that a rich person could pay a bribe or use personal connections to get away with: - Avoiding going to court? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q48f. Rich person: pay bribe to register land not theirs Q48f. Rich person: pay bribe to register land not theirs Q48f. Rich person: pay bribe to register land not theirs Q48f. Rich person: pay bribe to register land not theirs Q48f. Rich person: pay bribe to register land not theirs 48. And in this country how likely do you think it is that a rich person could pay a bribe or use personal connections to get away with: - Registering land that does not belong to them? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q49a. Contact with public school Q49a. Contact with public school Q49a. Contact with public school Q49a. Contact with public school Q49a. Contact with public school 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - In the past 12 months have you had contact with a public school? 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49b. Difficulty to obtain public school services Q49b. Difficulty to obtain public school services Q49b. Difficulty to obtain public school services Q49b. Difficulty to obtain public school services Q49b. Difficulty to obtain public school services 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - How easy or difficult was it to obtain the services you needed from teachers or school officials? 1600 1 7 -1 Missing 1 Very easy 2 Easy 3 Difficult 4 Very Difficult 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49c. Pay bribe for public school services Q49c. Pay bribe for public school services Q49c. Pay bribe for public school services Q49c. Pay bribe for public school services Q49c. Pay bribe for public school services 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - And how often, if ever, did you have to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour for a teacher or school official in order to get the services you needed from the schools? 1600 7 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 A few times 3 Often 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49d. Contact with public clinic or hospital Q49d. Contact with public clinic or hospital Q49d. Contact with public clinic or hospital Q49d. Contact with public clinic or hospital Q49d. Contact with public clinic or hospital 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - In the past 12 months have you had contact with a public clinic or hospital? 1600 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49e. Difficulty to obtain medical care Q49e. Difficulty to obtain medical care Q49e. Difficulty to obtain medical care Q49e. Difficulty to obtain medical care Q49e. Difficulty to obtain medical care 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - How easy or difficult was it to obtain the medical care you needed? 1600 1 7 -1 Missing 1 Very easy 2 Easy 3 Difficult 4 Very Difficult 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49f. Time taken to receive medical care Q49f. Time taken to receive medical care Q49f. Time taken to receive medical care Q49f. Time taken to receive medical care Q49f. Time taken to receive medical care 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - How long did it take you to receive the medical care that you needed? Was it right away, after a short time, after a long time, or never? 1600 7 -1 Missing Never 1 After a long time 2 After a short time 3 Right away 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49g. Pay bribe for medical care Q49g. Pay bribe for medical care Q49g. Pay bribe for medical care Q49g. Pay bribe for medical care Q49g. Pay bribe for medical care 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - And how often, if ever, did you have to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour for a health worker or clinic or hospital staff in order to get the medical care you needed? 1600 7 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 A few times 3 Often 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49h. Tried to obtain identity document Q49h. Tried to obtain identity document Q49h. Tried to obtain identity document Q49h. Tried to obtain identity document Q49h. Tried to obtain identity document 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - In the past 12 months have you tried to get an identity document like a birth certificate, driver’s license, passport or voter’s card, or a permit, from government? 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49i. Difficulty to obtain identity document Q49i. Difficulty to obtain identity document Q49i. Difficulty to obtain identity document Q49i. Difficulty to obtain identity document Q49i. Difficulty to obtain identity document 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - How easy or difficult was it to obtain the document you needed? 1600 1 7 -1 Missing 1 Very easy 2 Easy 3 Difficult 4 Very Difficult 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49j. Time taken to obtain identity document Q49j. Time taken to obtain identity document Q49j. Time taken to obtain identity document Q49j. Time taken to obtain identity document Q49j. Time taken to obtain identity document 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - How long did it take you to obtain the document that you needed? Was it right away, after a short time, after a long time, or never? 1600 7 -1 Missing Never 1 After a long time 2 After a short time 3 Right away 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49k. Pay bribe for identity document Q49k. Pay bribe for identity document Q49k. Pay bribe for identity document Q49k. Pay bribe for identity document Q49k. Pay bribe for identity document 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - And how often, if ever, did you have to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour for a government official in order to get the document you needed? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 A few times 3 Often 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49l. Tried to obtain household services Q49l. Tried to obtain household services Q49l. Tried to obtain household services Q49l. Tried to obtain household services Q49l. Tried to obtain household services 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - In the past 12 months have you tried to get water, sanitation or electric services from government? 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49m. Difficulty to obtain household services Q49m. Difficulty to obtain household services Q49m. Difficulty to obtain household services Q49m. Difficulty to obtain household services Q49m. Difficulty to obtain household services 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - How easy or difficult was it to obtain the services you needed? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very easy 2 Easy 3 Difficult 4 Very Difficult 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49n. Pay bribe for household services Q49n. Pay bribe for household services Q49n. Pay bribe for household services Q49n. Pay bribe for household services Q49n. Pay bribe for household services 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - And how often, if ever, did you have to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour for a government official in order to get the services you needed? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 A few times 3 Often 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49o. Requested police assistance Q49o. Requested police assistance Q49o. Requested police assistance Q49o. Requested police assistance Q49o. Requested police assistance 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - In the past 12 months have you requested assistance from the police? 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49p. Difficulty to obtain police assistance Q49p. Difficulty to obtain police assistance Q49p. Difficulty to obtain police assistance Q49p. Difficulty to obtain police assistance Q49p. Difficulty to obtain police assistance 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - How easy or difficult was it to obtain the assistance you needed? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very easy 2 Easy 3 Difficult 4 Very Difficult 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49q. Time taken to receive police assistance Q49q. Time taken to receive police assistance Q49q. Time taken to receive police assistance Q49q. Time taken to receive police assistance Q49q. Time taken to receive police assistance 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - How long did it take you to receive the help you needed from the police? 1600 7 -1 Missing Never 1 After a long time 2 After a short time 3 Right away 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49r. Pay bribe to receive police assistance Q49r. Pay bribe to receive police assistance Q49r. Pay bribe to receive police assistance Q49r. Pay bribe to receive police assistance Q49r. Pay bribe to receive police assistance 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - And how often, if ever, did you have to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour for a police officer in order to get the assistance you needed? 1600 7 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 A few times 3 Often 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49s. Contact with police in other situations Q49s. Contact with police in other situations Q49s. Contact with police in other situations Q49s. Contact with police in other situations Q49s. Contact with police in other situations 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - In the past 12 months, how often have you encountered the police in other situations, like at checkpoints, during identity checks or traffic stops, or during an investigation? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 A few times 3 Often 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49t. Pay bribe to avoid problem with police Q49t. Pay bribe to avoid problem with police Q49t. Pay bribe to avoid problem with police Q49t. Pay bribe to avoid problem with police Q49t. Pay bribe to avoid problem with police 49. Now I would like to talk to you about experiences that some people have in accessing certain essential government services. - How often, if ever did you have to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour for a police officer in order to avoid a problem during one of these encounters? 1600 7 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 A few times 3 Often 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q50. Respected by public officials Q50. Respected by public officials Q50. Respected by public officials Q50. Respected by public officials Q50. Respected by public officials 50. In general, when dealing with public officials, how much do you feel that they treat you with respect? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 A little bit 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q51. Treatment by public officials compared to others Q51. Treatment by public officials compared to others Q51. Treatment by public officials compared to others Q51. Treatment by public officials compared to others Q51. Treatment by public officials compared to others 51. In general, when dealing with public officials, do you think that they treat you better, the same, or worse than other people? 1600 9 -1 Missing Much Worse 1 Worse 2 Same 3 Better 4 Much Better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q52. Get correct amount when buying grain Q52. Get correct amount when buying grain Q52. Get correct amount when buying grain Q52. Get correct amount when buying grain Q52. Get correct amount when buying grain 52. When a vendor sells you a kilogramme of rice, how sure are you that you get the correct amount? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Sometimes 2 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q53a. Likelihood of response: reporting teacher misconduct Q53a. Likelihood of response: reporting teacher misconduct Q53a. Likelihood of response: reporting teacher misconduct Q53a. Likelihood of response: reporting teacher misconduct Q53a. Likelihood of response: reporting teacher misconduct 53. How likely is it that you could get someone to take action if you went to a government office or other public institution to report the following problems, or haven’t you heard enough to say? - If you went to the local school to report teacher misbehavior such as absenteeism or mistreatment of students. 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q53b. Likelihood of response: reporting corruption Q53b. Likelihood of response: reporting corruption Q53b. Likelihood of response: reporting corruption Q53b. Likelihood of response: reporting corruption Q53b. Likelihood of response: reporting corruption 53. How likely is it that you could get someone to take action if you went to a government office or other public institution to report the following problems, or haven’t you heard enough to say? - If you went to your local government office to report corrupt behavior like misuse of funds or requests for bribes by government officers, police, or school or clinic staff? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q53c. Likelihood of response: reporting crime Q53c. Likelihood of response: reporting crime Q53c. Likelihood of response: reporting crime Q53c. Likelihood of response: reporting crime Q53c. Likelihood of response: reporting crime 53. How likely is it that you could get someone to take action if you went to a government office or other public institution to report the following problems, or haven’t you heard enough to say? - If you went to the local police to report a crime? 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q54a. MPs listen Q54a. MPs listen Q54a. MPs listen Q54a. MPs listen Q54a. MPs listen 54. How much of the time do you think the following try their best to listen to what people like you have to say: - Members of the National Assembly? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Only Sometimes 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q54b. Local government councillors listen Q54b. Local government councillors listen Q54b. Local government councillors listen Q54b. Local government councillors listen Q54b. Local government councillors listen 54. How much of the time do you think the following try their best to listen to what people like you have to say: - Local government councilors? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Only Sometimes 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q54c_NIG. State Assembly members listen Q54c_NIG. State Assembly members listen Q54c_NIG. State Assembly members listen Q54c_NIG. State Assembly members listen Q54c_NIG. State Assembly members listen 54. How much of the time do you think the following try their best to listen to what people like you have to say: - State Assembly members 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Only Sometimes 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q55pt1. Most important problems - 1st response Q55pt1. Most important problems - 1st response Q55pt1. Most important problems - 1st response Q55pt1. Most important problems - 1st response Q55pt1. Most important problems - 1st response 55. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 1st response 1600 9999 -1 Missing Nothing/ no problems 1 Management of the economy 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 3 Unemployment 4 Poverty/destitution 5 Rates and Taxes 6 Loans / credit 7 Farming/agriculture 8 Food shortage/famine 9 Drought 10 Land 11 Transportation 12 Communications 13 Infrastructure / roads 14 Education 15 Housing 16 Electricity 17 Water supply 18 Orphans/street children/homeless children 19 Services (other) 20 Health 21 AIDS 22 Sickness / Disease 23 Crime and Security 24 Corruption 25 Political violence 26 Political instability / ethnic tensions 27 Discrimination/ inequality 28 Gender issues / women’s rights 29 Democracy/political rights 30 War (international) 31 Civil war 32 Agricultural marketing 9995 Other 9998 Refused 9999 Don’t know Q55pt1other. MIP - 1st response (verbatim other) Q55pt1other. MIP - 1st response (verbatim other) Q55pt1other. MIP - 1st response (verbatim other) Q55pt1other. MIP - 1st response (verbatim other) Q55pt1other. MIP - 1st response (verbatim other) 55. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 1st response, other 1600 BAD LEADERSHIP BAD ROAD DELAYED SALARY DIVIDE THE COUNTRY EVERYTHING IS NOT GOING WELL FOR GOVERNMENT TO OPEN BORDERS FOR MORE IMPORTATION FUEL GOVERNMENT SHOULD ABOLISH CULTISM GOVERNMENT SHOULD HAVE THE FEAR OF GOD HIGH COST OF LIVING HIGH IN PRICES HIGH PRICE OF PRODUCTS LEADERSHIP LIVING IN PEACE IS ALL WE NEED MISMANAGEMENT OF OUR NATURAL RESOURCES MORE TEACHERS SHOULD BE EMPLOYED IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS ON PETROLEUM ISSUES OPENING YOU THE BORDERS FOR FREE ENTRY OF GOODS ORIENTATION PAYING OF COMPENSATION TO PEOPLE FROM SIXTY YEARS AND ABOVE PETROLEUM PRICE INSTABILITY PRICE OF COMMODITIES SECESSION OF BIAFRA SECURITY STANDARD OF LIVING IS VERY HIGH STOPPING IMPORTATION IS A MAJOR PROBLEM THE LAW OF THE LAND MUST OBEY BY ALL THERE IS NO LOVE IN THIS COUNTRY Q55pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response Q55pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response Q55pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response Q55pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response Q55pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response 55. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 2nd response 1600 1 9996 -1 Missing 1 Management of the economy 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 3 Unemployment 4 Poverty/destitution 5 Rates and Taxes 6 Loans / credit 7 Farming/agriculture 8 Food shortage/famine 9 Drought 10 Land 11 Transportation 12 Communications 13 Infrastructure / roads 14 Education 15 Housing 16 Electricity 17 Water supply 18 Orphans/street children/homeless children 19 Services (other) 20 Health 21 AIDS 22 Sickness / Disease 23 Crime and Security 24 Corruption 25 Political violence 26 Political instability / ethnic tensions 27 Discrimination/ inequality 28 Gender issues / women’s rights 29 Democracy/political rights 30 War (international) 31 Civil war 32 Agricultural marketing 9995 Other 9996 No further reply 9998 Refused Q55pt2other. MIP - 2nd response (verbatim other) Q55pt2other. MIP - 2nd response (verbatim other) Q55pt2other. MIP - 2nd response (verbatim other) Q55pt2other. MIP - 2nd response (verbatim other) Q55pt2other. MIP - 2nd response (verbatim other) 55. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 2nd response, other 1600 ABOUT THE. FUEL SCARCITY BAD LEADERSHIP CONTROL INFLATION CREATING MORE STATES AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS GOOD DRINKABLE WATER HIGH COST OF GOODS HIGH IN PRICES INFLATION OF FOOD INSECURITY LACK OF FREEDOM IN ALL ASPECTS OF DEMOCRACY LACK OF INTEGRITY IN NIGERIANS MAKING PRICES STABLE PRICE CONTROL PRICE INSTABILITY REDUCE THE FUEL PRICE ROAD SECURITY STABILITY OF PRICES STABILITY OF THE ECONOMY THE FINANCIAL STATUS OF THE COUNTRY THE RULE OF LAW TO HAVE A CAPABLE PRESIDENT WATER WATER TO COMMUNITIES Q55pt3. Most important problems - 3rd response Q55pt3. Most important problems - 3rd response Q55pt3. Most important problems - 3rd response Q55pt3. Most important problems - 3rd response Q55pt3. Most important problems - 3rd response 55. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 3rd response 1600 1 9996 -1 Missing 1 Management of the economy 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 3 Unemployment 4 Poverty/destitution 5 Rates and Taxes 6 Loans / credit 7 Farming/agriculture 8 Food shortage/famine 9 Drought 10 Land 11 Transportation 12 Communications 13 Infrastructure / roads 14 Education 15 Housing 16 Electricity 17 Water supply 18 Orphans/street children/homeless children 19 Services (other) 20 Health 21 AIDS 22 Sickness / Disease 23 Crime and Security 24 Corruption 25 Political violence 26 Political instability / ethnic tensions 27 Discrimination/ inequality 28 Gender issues / women’s rights 29 Democracy/political rights 30 War (international) 31 Civil war 32 Agricultural marketing 9995 Other 9996 No further reply 9998 Refused Q55pt3other. MIP - 3rd response (verbatim other) Q55pt3other. MIP - 3rd response (verbatim other) Q55pt3other. MIP - 3rd response (verbatim other) Q55pt3other. MIP - 3rd response (verbatim other) Q55pt3other. MIP - 3rd response (verbatim other) 55. In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? 3rd response, other 1600 A GOOD GOVERANCE ACCOMMODATION ALL OF THE ABOVE STATED DEVALUATION OF NAIRA DIVISION OF THE COUNTRY FOOD PRICES IS VERY. HIGH FUEL FUEL PRICE FUEL SCARCITY HIGH COST OF FOOD STUFFS HIGH COST OF PURCHASE HIGH IN PRICE HIGH PRICE OF GOODS AND SERVICES MORE SECURITY IN THE COUNTRY NOT OBEYING RULES AND OTHER OVER DEPENDENCE ON THE OIL SECTOR PRICE INSTABILITY PRICES OF THINGS IN THE COUNTRY RISING IN PRICE ROAD SECURITY THE DEPRECIATION OF MONEY VALUE THE POLITICAL LEADERS ARE TO SELFISHNESS TO OPEN THE BORDER YOUTH EMPOWERMENT Q56a. Handling managing the economy Q56a. Handling managing the economy Q56a. Handling managing the economy Q56a. Handling managing the economy Q56a. Handling managing the economy 56a. Now let’s speak about the performance of the present government of this country. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: Managing the economy? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56b. Handling improving living standards of the poor Q56b. Handling improving living standards of the poor Q56b. Handling improving living standards of the poor Q56b. Handling improving living standards of the poor Q56b. Handling improving living standards of the poor 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Improving the living standards of the poor? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56c. Handling creating jobs Q56c. Handling creating jobs Q56c. Handling creating jobs Q56c. Handling creating jobs Q56c. Handling creating jobs 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Creating jobs? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56d. Handling keeping prices stable Q56d. Handling keeping prices stable Q56d. Handling keeping prices stable Q56d. Handling keeping prices stable Q56d. Handling keeping prices stable 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Keeping prices stable? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56e. Handling narrowing income gaps Q56e. Handling narrowing income gaps Q56e. Handling narrowing income gaps Q56e. Handling narrowing income gaps Q56e. Handling narrowing income gaps 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Narrowing gaps between rich and poor? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56f. Handling reducing crime Q56f. Handling reducing crime Q56f. Handling reducing crime Q56f. Handling reducing crime Q56f. Handling reducing crime 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Reducing crime? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56g. Handling improving basic health services Q56g. Handling improving basic health services Q56g. Handling improving basic health services Q56g. Handling improving basic health services Q56g. Handling improving basic health services 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Improving basic health services? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56h. Handling addressing educational needs Q56h. Handling addressing educational needs Q56h. Handling addressing educational needs Q56h. Handling addressing educational needs Q56h. Handling addressing educational needs 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Addressing educational needs? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56i. Handling providing water and sanitation services Q56i. Handling providing water and sanitation services Q56i. Handling providing water and sanitation services Q56i. Handling providing water and sanitation services Q56i. Handling providing water and sanitation services 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Providing water and sanitation services? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56j. Handling ensuring enough to eat Q56j. Handling ensuring enough to eat Q56j. Handling ensuring enough to eat Q56j. Handling ensuring enough to eat Q56j. Handling ensuring enough to eat 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Ensuring everyone has enough to eat? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56k. Handling fighting corruption Q56k. Handling fighting corruption Q56k. Handling fighting corruption Q56k. Handling fighting corruption Q56k. Handling fighting corruption 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Fighting corruption in government? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56l. Handling maintaining roads and bridges Q56l. Handling maintaining roads and bridges Q56l. Handling maintaining roads and bridges Q56l. Handling maintaining roads and bridges Q56l. Handling maintaining roads and bridges 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Maintaining roads and bridges? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56m. Handling providing reliable electric supply Q56m. Handling providing reliable electric supply Q56m. Handling providing reliable electric supply Q56m. Handling providing reliable electric supply Q56m. Handling providing reliable electric supply 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Providing a reliable supply of electricity? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56n. Handling preventing election violence Q56n. Handling preventing election violence Q56n. Handling preventing election violence Q56n. Handling preventing election violence Q56n. Handling preventing election violence 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Preventing political violence during election campaigns? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56o. Handling preventing or resolving violent community conflict Q56o. Handling preventing or resolving violent community conflict Q56o. Handling preventing or resolving violent community conflict Q56o. Handling preventing or resolving violent community conflict Q56o. Handling preventing or resolving violent community conflict 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Preventing or resolving violent conflict between communities? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56p. Handling countering violence from armed extremists Q56p. Handling countering violence from armed extremists Q56p. Handling countering violence from armed extremists Q56p. Handling countering violence from armed extremists Q56p. Handling countering violence from armed extremists 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Countering political violence from armed extremist groups 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56q. Handling promoting equal rights/opportunities for women Q56q. Handling promoting equal rights/opportunities for women Q56q. Handling promoting equal rights/opportunities for women Q56q. Handling promoting equal rights/opportunities for women Q56q. Handling promoting equal rights/opportunities for women 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Promoting opportunities and equality for women? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56r. Handling addressing needs of youth Q56r. Handling addressing needs of youth Q56r. Handling addressing needs of youth Q56r. Handling addressing needs of youth Q56r. Handling addressing needs of youth 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Addressing the needs of youth? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56s. Handling protecting rights, promoting opportunities for disabled Q56s. Handling protecting rights, promoting opportunities for disabled Q56s. Handling protecting rights, promoting opportunities for disabled Q56s. Handling protecting rights, promoting opportunities for disabled Q56s. Handling protecting rights, promoting opportunities for disabled 56. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven’t you heard enough to say: - Protecting rights and promoting opportunities for disabled people? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q57a. Better or worse: access to medical care Q57a. Better or worse: access to medical care Q57a. Better or worse: access to medical care Q57a. Better or worse: access to medical care Q57a. Better or worse: access to medical care 57. Please tell me if the following things are worse or better now than they were a few years ago, or are they about the same? - Your ability to get medical care when you need it. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much Better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q57b. Better or worse: personal safety Q57b. Better or worse: personal safety Q57b. Better or worse: personal safety Q57b. Better or worse: personal safety Q57b. Better or worse: personal safety 57. Please tell me if the following things are worse or better now than they were a few years ago, or are they about the same? - Your personal safety from crime and violence. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much Better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q57c. Better or worse: government effectiveness on education Q57c. Better or worse: government effectiveness on education Q57c. Better or worse: government effectiveness on education Q57c. Better or worse: government effectiveness on education Q57c. Better or worse: government effectiveness on education 57. Please tell me if the following things are worse or better now than they were a few years ago, or are they about the same? - The government’s effectiveness in addressing educational needs. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much Better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q57d. Better or worse: get assistance from police Q57d. Better or worse: get assistance from police Q57d. Better or worse: get assistance from police Q57d. Better or worse: get assistance from police Q57d. Better or worse: get assistance from police 57. Please tell me if the following things are worse or better now than they were a few years ago, or are they about the same? - The ability of ordinary people to get help from the police when they need it. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much Better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q57e. Better or worse: government assists people to resolve problems Q57e. Better or worse: government assists people to resolve problems Q57e. Better or worse: government assists people to resolve problems Q57e. Better or worse: government assists people to resolve problems Q57e. Better or worse: government assists people to resolve problems 57. Please tell me if the following things are worse or better now than they were a few years ago, or are they about the same? - The ability of ordinary people to get assistance from government to resolve problems for themselves or their communities. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much Better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q57f. Better or worse: MPs listen Q57f. Better or worse: MPs listen Q57f. Better or worse: MPs listen Q57f. Better or worse: MPs listen Q57f. Better or worse: MPs listen 57. Please tell me if the following things are worse or better now than they were a few years ago, or are they about the same? - The extent to which members of the National Assembly listen to what ordinary people have to say. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much Better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q57g. Better or worse: equal opportunities and treatment for women Q57g. Better or worse: equal opportunities and treatment for women Q57g. Better or worse: equal opportunities and treatment for women Q57g. Better or worse: equal opportunities and treatment for women Q57g. Better or worse: equal opportunities and treatment for women 57. Please tell me if the following things are worse or better now than they were a few years ago, or are they about the same? - Equal opportunities and treatment for women. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much Better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q58a. Performance: President Q58a. Performance: President Q58a. Performance: President Q58a. Performance: President Q58a. Performance: President 58. Do you approve or disapprove of the way the following people have performed their jobs over the past twelve months, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - President Muhammadu Buhari? 1600 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Approve 4 Strongly Approve 8 Refused 9 Don’t know / haven't heard enough Q58b. Performance: MP/National Assembly rep Q58b. Performance: MP/National Assembly rep Q58b. Performance: MP/National Assembly rep Q58b. Performance: MP/National Assembly rep Q58b. Performance: MP/National Assembly rep 58. Do you approve or disapprove of the way the following people have performed their jobs over the past twelve months, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Your Member of the National Assembly? 1600 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Approve 4 Strongly Approve 8 Refused 9 Don’t know / haven't heard enough Q58c. Performance: local government councillor Q58c. Performance: local government councillor Q58c. Performance: local government councillor Q58c. Performance: local government councillor Q58c. Performance: local government councillor 58. Do you approve or disapprove of the way the following people have performed their jobs over the past twelve months, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Your local government councilor? 1600 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Approve 4 Strongly Approve 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know / haven't heard enough Q58d. Performance: traditional leader Q58d. Performance: traditional leader Q58d. Performance: traditional leader Q58d. Performance: traditional leader Q58d. Performance: traditional leader 58. Do you approve or disapprove of the way the following people have performed their jobs over the past twelve months, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Your traditional leader? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Approve 4 Strongly Approve 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know / haven't heard enough Q58e. Performance: your Mayor Q58e. Performance: your Mayor Q58e. Performance: your Mayor Q58e. Performance: your Mayor Q58e. Performance: your Mayor 58. Do you approve or disapprove of the way the following people have performed their jobs over the past twelve months, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Your Local government Chairperson? 1600 -1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Approve 4 Strongly Approve 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know / haven't heard enough Q58f_NIG. Performance: state governor Q58f_NIG. Performance: state governor Q58f_NIG. Performance: state governor Q58f_NIG. Performance: state governor Q58f_NIG. Performance: state governor 58. Do you approve or disapprove of the way the following people have performed their jobs over the past twelve months, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say: - Your state governor 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Approve 4 Strongly Approve 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know / haven't heard enough Q59a. Who responsible: MPs do jobs Q59a. Who responsible: MPs do jobs Q59a. Who responsible: MPs do jobs Q59a. Who responsible: MPs do jobs Q59a. Who responsible: MPs do jobs 59. Who should be responsible for: - Making sure that, once elected, Members of the National Assembly do their jobs? 1600 9 -1 Missing The President / Executive 1 The Parliament / County Assembly 2 Their Political Party 3 The Voters 4 No One 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q59b. Who responsible: local councillors do jobs Q59b. Who responsible: local councillors do jobs Q59b. Who responsible: local councillors do jobs Q59b. Who responsible: local councillors do jobs Q59b. Who responsible: local councillors do jobs 59. Who should be responsible for: - Making sure that, once elected, local government councilors do their jobs? 1600 9 -1 Missing The President / Executive 1 The Parliament / County Assembly 2 Their Political Party 3 The Voters 4 No One 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q59c. Who responsible: president does job Q59c. Who responsible: president does job Q59c. Who responsible: president does job Q59c. Who responsible: president does job Q59c. Who responsible: president does job 59. Who should be responsible for: - Making sure that, once elected, the president does his job? 1600 9 -1 Missing The President / Executive 1 The Parliament / County Assembly 2 Their Political Party 3 The Voters 4 No One 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q59d_NIG. Who responsible: State Assembly members do job Q59d_NIG. Who responsible: State Assembly members do job Q59d_NIG. Who responsible: State Assembly members do job Q59d_NIG. Who responsible: State Assembly members do job Q59d_NIG. Who responsible: State Assembly members do job 59. Who should be responsible for: - Making sure that once elected, State Assembly members do their job 1600 9 -1 Missing The President / Executive 1 The Parliament / County Assembly 2 Their Political Party 3 The Voters 4 No One 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q59e_NIG. Who responsible: State Governors do job Q59e_NIG. Who responsible: State Governors do job Q59e_NIG. Who responsible: State Governors do job Q59e_NIG. Who responsible: State Governors do job Q59e_NIG. Who responsible: State Governors do job 59. Who should be responsible for: - Making sure that once elected, State Governors do their job 1600 9 -1 Missing The President / Executive 1 The Parliament / County Assembly 2 Their Political Party 3 The Voters 4 No One 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q60a. Feared violence in neighbourhood Q60a. Feared violence in neighbourhood Q60a. Feared violence in neighbourhood Q60a. Feared violence in neighbourhood Q60a. Feared violence in neighbourhood 60. In any society, people will sometimes disagree with one another. These disagreements occasionally escalate into physical violence. Please tell me whether, in the past two years, you have ever personally feared any of the following types of violence? [If yes] Have you actually personally experienced this type of violence in the past two years? - Violence among people in your neighbourhood or village. 1600 9 -1 Missing No, Never 1 Yes, feared but didn't experience 2 Yes, Feared and experienced 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q60b. Feared violence at political event Q60b. Feared violence at political event Q60b. Feared violence at political event Q60b. Feared violence at political event Q60b. Feared violence at political event 60. In any society, people will sometimes disagree with one another. These disagreements occasionally escalate into physical violence. Please tell me whether, in the past two years, you have ever personally feared any of the following types of violence? [If yes] Have you actually personally experienced this type of violence in the past two years? - Violence at a political rally or campaign event. 1600 9 -1 Missing No, Never 1 Yes, feared but didn't experience 2 Yes, Feared and experienced 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q60c. Feared violence during public protest Q60c. Feared violence during public protest Q60c. Feared violence during public protest Q60c. Feared violence during public protest Q60c. Feared violence during public protest 60. In any society, people will sometimes disagree with one another. These disagreements occasionally escalate into physical violence. Please tell me whether, in the past two years, you have ever personally feared any of the following types of violence? [If yes] Have you actually personally experienced this type of violence in the past two years? - Violence occurring during a public protest or march. 1600 9 -1 Missing No, Never 1 Yes, feared but didn't experience 2 Yes, Feared and experienced 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q60d. Feared violence by extremists Q60d. Feared violence by extremists Q60d. Feared violence by extremists Q60d. Feared violence by extremists Q60d. Feared violence by extremists 60. In any society, people will sometimes disagree with one another. These disagreements occasionally escalate into physical violence. Please tell me whether, in the past two years, you have ever personally feared any of the following types of violence? [If yes] Have you actually personally experienced this type of violence in the past two years? - An armed attack by political or religious extremists 1600 9 -1 Missing No, Never 1 Yes, feared but didn't experience 2 Yes, Feared and experienced 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q61a. Armed forces protect from security threats Q61a. Armed forces protect from security threats Q61a. Armed forces protect from security threats Q61a. Armed forces protect from security threats Q61a. Armed forces protect from security threats 61. In your opinion, to what extent do the armed forces of our country: - Keep our country safe from external and internal security threats? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Never 2 Rarely 3 Sometimes 4 Often 5 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q61b. Armed forces get necessary resources Q61b. Armed forces get necessary resources Q61b. Armed forces get necessary resources Q61b. Armed forces get necessary resources Q61b. Armed forces get necessary resources 61. In your opinion, to what extent do the armed forces of our country: - Get the training and equipment needed to be effective? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Never 2 Rarely 3 Sometimes 4 Often 5 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q61c. Armed forces are professional and respectful to citizens Q61c. Armed forces are professional and respectful to citizens Q61c. Armed forces are professional and respectful to citizens Q61c. Armed forces are professional and respectful to citizens Q61c. Armed forces are professional and respectful to citizens 61. In your opinion, to what extent do the armed forces of our country: - Operate in a professional manner and respect the rights of all citizens? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Never 2 Rarely 3 Sometimes 4 Often 5 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q62. Free to move when public security threatened vs impose curfews Q62. Free to move when public security threatened vs impose curfews Q62. Free to move when public security threatened vs impose curfews Q62. Free to move when public security threatened vs impose curfews Q62. Free to move when public security threatened vs impose curfews 62. Let’s talk for a moment about the kind of society you would like to have in this country. Some people say that, in order to enjoy security from violence in our society, we must limit the amount of freedom that citizens are allowed to enjoy. Others say that political liberty is too important to sacrifice and must always be maintained, even if it threatens the security of the country. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Even if faced with threats to public security, people should be free to move about the country at any time of day or night. Statement 2: When faced with threats to public security, the government should be able to impose curfews and set up special roadblocks to prevent people from moving around. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q63. Government should monitor private communication vs right to privacy Q63. Government should monitor private communication vs right to privacy Q63. Government should monitor private communication vs right to privacy Q63. Government should monitor private communication vs right to privacy Q63. Government should monitor private communication vs right to privacy 63. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Government should be able to monitor private communications, for example on mobile phones, to make sure that people are not plotting violence. Statement 2: People should have the right to communicate in private without a government agency reading or listening to what they are saying. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q64 Absolute freedom of religion vs government regulates what is said Q64 Absolute freedom of religion vs government regulates what is said Q64 Absolute freedom of religion vs government regulates what is said Q64 Absolute freedom of religion vs government regulates what is said Q64 Absolute freedom of religion vs government regulates what is said 64. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Freedom of religion and worship are absolute, meaning that government should never limit what is said in a place of worship. Statement 2: Government should have the power to regulate what is said in places of worship, especially if preachers or congregants threaten public security. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q65. Country governed by religious law vs secular law Q65. Country governed by religious law vs secular law Q65. Country governed by religious law vs secular law Q65. Country governed by religious law vs secular law Q65. Country governed by religious law vs secular law 65. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Our country should be governed primarily by religious law. Statement 2: Our country should be governed only by civil law. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q66. Difficulty to move across borders Q66. Difficulty to move across borders Q66. Difficulty to move across borders Q66. Difficulty to move across borders Q66. Difficulty to move across borders 66. In your opinion, how easy or difficult is it for people in West Africa to cross international borders in order to work or trade in other countries, or haven’t you heard enough to say? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very difficult 2 Difficult 3 Easy 4 Very easy 7 Never try 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q67. Lived outside country Q67. Lived outside country Q67. Lived outside country Q67. Lived outside country Q67. Lived outside country 67. During the past three years, have you or anyone in your household gone to live in another country outside Nigeria for more than three months? 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q68a. Considered emigration to other country Q68a. Considered emigration to other country Q68a. Considered emigration to other country Q68a. Considered emigration to other country Q68a. Considered emigration to other country 68a. How much, if at all, have you considered moving to another country to live? Not at all [skip to Q71] 1600 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 A little bit 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q68b. Planned emigration to other country Q68b. Planned emigration to other country Q68b. Planned emigration to other country Q68b. Planned emigration to other country Q68b. Planned emigration to other country If answer to Q68A was “A little bit,” “Somewhat,” “A lot” or “Don’t know”, ask: 68b. How much planning or preparation have you done in order to move to another country to live? 1600 9 -1 Missing You are not currently making any specific plans or preparations 1 You are planning to move in the next year or two but not yet making preparations 2 You are currently making preparations to move, like getting a visa 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q69. Most likely country for emigration Q69. Most likely country for emigration Q69. Most likely country for emigration Q69. Most likely country for emigration Q69. Most likely country for emigration If answer to Q68A was “a little bit”, “somewhat”, “a lot”, or “don’t know” ask: 69. If you were to move to another country, where would you be most likely to go? 1600 1 99 -1 Missing 1 Ghana 2 Another country in West Africa 3 Elsewhere in Africa 4 Europe 5 North America 6 Central/South America 7 Middle East 8 Asia 9 Australia 10 Outside of Africa 97 Not applicable 98 Refused 99 Don't know Q70. Most important reason for emigrating Q70. Most important reason for emigrating Q70. Most important reason for emigrating Q70. Most important reason for emigrating Q70. Most important reason for emigrating If answer to Q68A was “A little bit,”, “Somewhat,” “A lot,” or “Don’t know,” ask: 70. There are several reasons why people leave their home to live in another country for an extended period of time. What about you? What is the most important reason why you would consider moving from Nigeria? 1600 1 9999 -1 Missing 1 Find work 2 Economic hardship 3 Lower taxes at destination 4 Poverty 5 Poor infrastructure/ services 6 Better business prospects 7 Natural Disasters 8 Better democratic environment 9 Political persecution 10 Religious persecution 11 Civil war 12 Crime 13 Better schools 14 Better medical services 15 To pursue an education 16 To accompany family members who are moving for work 17 To join spouse/ family members who have already migrated 18 Travel/tourism/adventure/experience other cultures 9995 Other 9997 Not applicable 9998 Refused 9999 Don’t know Q70other. Most important reason for emigrating (verbatim) Q70other. Most important reason for emigrating (verbatim) Q70other. Most important reason for emigrating (verbatim) Q70other. Most important reason for emigrating (verbatim) Q70other. Most important reason for emigrating (verbatim) If answer to Q68A was “A little bit,”, “Somewhat,” “A lot,” or “Don’t know,” ask: 70. There are several reasons why people leave their home to live in another country for an extended period of time. What about you? What is the most important reason why you would consider moving from Nigeria? Other 1600 BECAUSE OF CORRUPTION IN OUR COUNTRY BETTER EDUCATION CHANGE OF ENVIRONMENT FOR A BETTER LIFE FOR SELF ENJOYMENT PILGRIMAGE RELAX THERE IS PEACE OVER THERE TO ENJOY IN USA TO JOIN ANY FOOTBALL TEAM TO MEET MY SON AND HIS FAMILY TO PLAY BALL Q71. Climate conditions compared to ten years ago Q71. Climate conditions compared to ten years ago Q71. Climate conditions compared to ten years ago Q71. Climate conditions compared to ten years ago Q71. Climate conditions compared to ten years ago 71. In your experience, would you say climate conditions for agricultural production in your area have gotten better, gotten worse, or stayed about the same over the last 10 years or haven’t you heard enough to say? 1600 9 -1 Missing No experience 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 About the same 4 Better 5 Much better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough to say Q72a. Severity of droughts Q72a. Severity of droughts Q72a. Severity of droughts Q72a. Severity of droughts Q72a. Severity of droughts 72. In your experience, over the past 10 years, has there been any change in the severity of the following events in the area where you live? Have they become more severe, less severe, or stayed about the same? - Droughts? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much more severe 2 Somewhat more severe 3 Stayed the same 4 Somewhat less severe 5 Much less severe 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q72b. Severity of flooding Q72b. Severity of flooding Q72b. Severity of flooding Q72b. Severity of flooding Q72b. Severity of flooding 72. In your experience, over the past 10 years, has there been any change in the severity of the following events in the area where you live? Have they become more severe, less severe, or stayed about the same? - Flooding? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much more severe 2 Somewhat more severe 3 Stayed the same 4 Somewhat less severe 5 Much less severe 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q73a. Heard about climate change Q73a. Heard about climate change Q73a. Heard about climate change Q73a. Heard about climate change Q73a. Heard about climate change 73a. Have you heard about climate change or haven’t you had the chance to hear about this yet? No [skip to Q77] 1600 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know/Haven't heard enough Q73b. Climage change: meaning Q73b. Climage change: meaning Q73b. Climage change: meaning Q73b. Climage change: meaning Q73b. Climage change: meaning If “yes” to Q73A: 73b. What does the phrase “climate change” mean to you? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Negative changes in the weather 2 Positive changes in the weather 3 Other changes in weather patterns 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/ Haven’t heard enough Q74. Climate change: main cause Q74. Climate change: main cause Q74. Climate change: main cause Q74. Climate change: main cause Q74. Climate change: main cause If “yes” to Q73A: 74. People have different ideas about what causes climate change. What about you, which of the following do you think is the main cause of climate change, or haven't you heard enough to say? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Human Activity 2 Natural processes 3 Both human activity and natural processes 4 None of these 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know / Haven’t heard enough Q75. Climate change: affecting country Q75. Climate change: affecting country Q75. Climate change: affecting country Q75. Climate change: affecting country Q75. Climate change: affecting country If “yes” to Q73A: 75. Do you think climate change is making life in Nigeria better or worse, or haven’t you heard enough to say? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much better 2 Somewhat better 3 Neither/ no change / about the same 4 Somewhat worse 5 Much worse 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know / Haven’t heard enough to say Q76. Climate change needs to be stopped? By ordinary people? Q76. Climate change needs to be stopped? By ordinary people? Q76. Climate change needs to be stopped? By ordinary people? Q76. Climate change needs to be stopped? By ordinary people? Q76. Climate change needs to be stopped? By ordinary people? If “yes” to Q73A: 76. Do you think that climate change needs to be stopped? [If yes] How much do you think that ordinary Nigerians can do to stop climate change? 1600 9 -1 Missing No, climate change doesn’t need to be stopped 1 Yes, Ordinary Nigerians can do nothing at all 2 Yes, Ordinary Nigerians can do a little bit 3 Yes, Ordinary Nigerians can do a lot 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q77a. Girls and boys have equal chance at education Q77a. Girls and boys have equal chance at education Q77a. Girls and boys have equal chance at education Q77a. Girls and boys have equal chance at education Q77a. Girls and boys have equal chance at education 77. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree or agree, or haven’t you heard enough to say? - In our country today, girls and boys have equal opportunities to get an education. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q77b. Women and men have equal chance to earn income Q77b. Women and men have equal chance to earn income Q77b. Women and men have equal chance to earn income Q77b. Women and men have equal chance to earn income Q77b. Women and men have equal chance to earn income 77. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree or agree, or haven’t you heard enough to say? - In our country today, women and men have equal opportunities to earn an income. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q77c. Women and men have equal chance of paying job Q77c. Women and men have equal chance of paying job Q77c. Women and men have equal chance of paying job Q77c. Women and men have equal chance of paying job Q77c. Women and men have equal chance of paying job 77. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree or agree, or haven’t you heard enough to say? - In our country today, women and men have equal opportunities to get a job that pays a wage or salary. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q77d. Women and men have equal chance to own/inherit land Q77d. Women and men have equal chance to own/inherit land Q77d. Women and men have equal chance to own/inherit land Q77d. Women and men have equal chance to own/inherit land Q77d. Women and men have equal chance to own/inherit land 77. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree or agree, or haven’t you heard enough to say? - In our country today, women and men have equal opportunities to own and inherit land. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q78a. Justified for parents to physically discipline children Q78a. Justified for parents to physically discipline children Q78a. Justified for parents to physically discipline children Q78a. Justified for parents to physically discipline children Q78a. Justified for parents to physically discipline children 78. Please tell me for each of the following actions whether you think it can always be justified, sometimes be justified, or never be justified? - For parents to use physical force to discipline their children? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Never justified 2 Sometimes justified 3 Always justified 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q78b. Justified for men to beat their wives Q78b. Justified for men to beat their wives Q78b. Justified for men to beat their wives Q78b. Justified for men to beat their wives Q78b. Justified for men to beat their wives 78. Please tell me for each of the following actions whether you think it can always be justified, sometimes be justified, or never be justified? - For a man to beat his wife? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Never justified 2 Sometimes justified 3 Always justified 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q79A_NIG. Heard about conflicts between farmers and herdsmen Q79A_NIG. Heard about conflicts between farmers and herdsmen Q79A_NIG. Heard about conflicts between farmers and herdsmen Q79A_NIG. Heard about conflicts between farmers and herdsmen Q79A_NIG. Heard about conflicts between farmers and herdsmen How much, if at all, have you heard about the conflicts between farmers and herdsmen in this country? Nothing at all [Skip to Q80A] 1600 9 -1 Missing Nothing at all 1 A little bit 2 Some 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q79B-NIG. How concerned with conflicts between farmers and herdsmen Q79B-NIG. How concerned with conflicts between farmers and herdsmen Q79B-NIG. How concerned with conflicts between farmers and herdsmen Q79B-NIG. How concerned with conflicts between farmers and herdsmen Q79B-NIG. How concerned with conflicts between farmers and herdsmen interviewer: If answer to Q79A-NIG , 1= a little bit; 2=some or 3= a lot, proceed to ask: How concerned are you about the conflicts between farmers and herdsmen? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very concerned 2 Somewhat concerned 3 Not concerned 4 Not concerned at all 7 Not Applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q79C-NIG Compare conflict between farmers and herdsmen over the past year Q79C-NIG Compare conflict between farmers and herdsmen over the past year Q79C-NIG Compare conflict between farmers and herdsmen over the past year Q79C-NIG Compare conflict between farmers and herdsmen over the past year Q79C-NIG Compare conflict between farmers and herdsmen over the past year In your opinion, would you say the conflict between farmers and herdsmen has increased, decreased or stayed the same over the past year? 1600 9 -1 Missing Increased a lot 1 Increased a little 2 Stayed the same 3 Decreased a little 4 Decreased a lot 7 Not Applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q80A_NIG. Federal govt must address IPOB concerns Q80A_NIG. Federal govt must address IPOB concerns Q80A_NIG. Federal govt must address IPOB concerns Q80A_NIG. Federal govt must address IPOB concerns Q80A_NIG. Federal govt must address IPOB concerns Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with the following statements or you have not heard enough to say? - The Indigenous People of Biafra or IPOB, have genuine concerns that the federal government needs to address 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Agree 2 Agree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Disagree 5 Strongly Disagree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q80B_NIG. IPOB must have right to secede from federation Q80B_NIG. IPOB must have right to secede from federation Q80B_NIG. IPOB must have right to secede from federation Q80B_NIG. IPOB must have right to secede from federation Q80B_NIG. IPOB must have right to secede from federation Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with the following statements or you have not heard enough to say? - The Indigenous People of Biafra or IPOB, should be given the right to secede from the federation? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Agree 2 Agree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Disagree 5 Strongly Disagree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q80C_NIG. Nigeria army operates in a professional manner Q80C_NIG. Nigeria army operates in a professional manner Q80C_NIG. Nigeria army operates in a professional manner Q80C_NIG. Nigeria army operates in a professional manner Q80C_NIG. Nigeria army operates in a professional manner Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with the following statements or you have not heard enough to say? - The Nigeria army operates in a professional manner. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Agree 2 Agree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Disagree 5 Strongly Disagree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q80D_NIG. Nigeria army keeps country safe from militants/insurgents Q80D_NIG. Nigeria army keeps country safe from militants/insurgents Q80D_NIG. Nigeria army keeps country safe from militants/insurgents Q80D_NIG. Nigeria army keeps country safe from militants/insurgents Q80D_NIG. Nigeria army keeps country safe from militants/insurgents Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with the following statements or you have not heard enough to say? - The Nigeria army keeps our country safe from threats of insurgencies and militants. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Agree 2 Agree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Disagree 5 Strongly Disagree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q80E_NIG. Army gets necessary training to defend and protect country Q80E_NIG. Army gets necessary training to defend and protect country Q80E_NIG. Army gets necessary training to defend and protect country Q80E_NIG. Army gets necessary training to defend and protect country Q80E_NIG. Army gets necessary training to defend and protect country Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with the following statements or you have not heard enough to say? - The army gets the training it needs to be able to defend and protect our country. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Agree 2 Agree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Disagree 5 Strongly Disagree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q80F_NIG. Army gets enough funding to defend and protect country Q80F_NIG. Army gets enough funding to defend and protect country Q80F_NIG. Army gets enough funding to defend and protect country Q80F_NIG. Army gets enough funding to defend and protect country Q80F_NIG. Army gets enough funding to defend and protect country Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with the following statements or you have not heard enough to say? - The army gets enough funding to be able to defend and protect our country. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Agree 2 Agree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Disagree 5 Strongly Disagree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q80G_NIG. Navy does a good job of preventing illegal activities Q80G_NIG. Navy does a good job of preventing illegal activities Q80G_NIG. Navy does a good job of preventing illegal activities Q80G_NIG. Navy does a good job of preventing illegal activities Q80G_NIG. Navy does a good job of preventing illegal activities Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with the following statements or you have not heard enough to say? - The navy does a good job of preventing illegal activities such as illegal oil exploration and Pipeline vandalism. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Agree 2 Agree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Disagree 5 Strongly Disagree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q81A_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Traditional leaders Q81A_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Traditional leaders Q81A_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Traditional leaders Q81A_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Traditional leaders Q81A_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Traditional leaders How many of the following people do you think are involved in supporting and assisting the extremist groups that have launched attacks and kidnappings in Nigeria, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say? - Traditional leaders 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q81B_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Local government officials Q81B_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Local government officials Q81B_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Local government officials Q81B_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Local government officials Q81B_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Local government officials How many of the following people do you think are involved in supporting and assisting the extremist groups that have launched attacks and kidnappings in Nigeria, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say? - Local government officials 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q81C_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Senior officials in federal and central government Q81C_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Senior officials in federal and central government Q81C_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Senior officials in federal and central government Q81C_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Senior officials in federal and central government Q81C_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Senior officials in federal and central government How many of the following people do you think are involved in supporting and assisting the extremist groups that have launched attacks and kidnappings in Nigeria, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say? - Senior officials in the federal and central government 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q81D_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Members of the Nigeria military Q81D_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Members of the Nigeria military Q81D_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Members of the Nigeria military Q81D_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Members of the Nigeria military Q81D_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Members of the Nigeria military How many of the following people do you think are involved in supporting and assisting the extremist groups that have launched attacks and kidnappings in Nigeria, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say? - Members of the Nigeria military 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q81E_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Members of the National Assembly Q81E_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Members of the National Assembly Q81E_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Members of the National Assembly Q81E_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Members of the National Assembly Q81E_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Members of the National Assembly How many of the following people do you think are involved in supporting and assisting the extremist groups that have launched attacks and kidnappings in Nigeria, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say? - Members of the National Assembly 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q81F_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Nigerian muslims Q81F_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Nigerian muslims Q81F_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Nigerian muslims Q81F_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Nigerian muslims Q81F_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: Nigerian muslims How many of the following people do you think are involved in supporting and assisting the extremist groups that have launched attacks and kidnappings in Nigeria, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say? - Nigerian muslims 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q81G_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: International extremist groups Q81G_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: International extremist groups Q81G_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: International extremist groups Q81G_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: International extremist groups Q81G_NIG. Supports/Assists extremist groups: International extremist groups How many of the following people do you think are involved in supporting and assisting the extremist groups that have launched attacks and kidnappings in Nigeria, or haven’t you heard enough about them to say? - International extremist groups. 1600 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q81H_NIG. Performance Nigerian armed forces handling insurgency in North Eastern compared to 12 months ago Q81H_NIG. Performance Nigerian armed forces handling insurgency in North Eastern compared to 12 months ago Q81H_NIG. Performance Nigerian armed forces handling insurgency in North Eastern compared to 12 months ago Q81H_NIG. Performance Nigerian armed forces handling insurgency in North Eastern compared to 12 months ago Q81H_NIG. Performance Nigerian armed forces handling insurgency in North Eastern compared to 12 months ago How would you rate the performance of the Nigerian armed forces in handling the insurgency in the North Eastern part of the country compared to 12 months ago? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q82A_NIG. Involve Nigerian troops in peacekeeping missions in Africa Q82A_NIG. Involve Nigerian troops in peacekeeping missions in Africa Q82A_NIG. Involve Nigerian troops in peacekeeping missions in Africa Q82A_NIG. Involve Nigerian troops in peacekeeping missions in Africa Q82A_NIG. Involve Nigerian troops in peacekeeping missions in Africa I am again going to read you a series of statements about the role of Nigerian military personnel in peace keeping and humanitarian efforts. For each statement, I would like you to tell me whether you agree or disagree. A. Nigerian troops should be involved in peacekeeping missions on the African continent. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Agree 2 Agree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Disagree 5 Strongly Disagree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q82B_NIG. Involve Nigerian troops in offering support during humanitarian crises in Africa Q82B_NIG. Involve Nigerian troops in offering support during humanitarian crises in Africa Q82B_NIG. Involve Nigerian troops in offering support during humanitarian crises in Africa Q82B_NIG. Involve Nigerian troops in offering support during humanitarian crises in Africa Q82B_NIG. Involve Nigerian troops in offering support during humanitarian crises in Africa I am again going to read you a series of statements about the role of Nigerian military personnel in peace keeping and humanitarian efforts. For each statement, I would like you to tell me whether you agree or disagree. B. Nigerian troops should be involved in offering support during humanitarian crises such as flooding, earthquakes on the African continent. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Agree 2 Agree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Disagree 5 Strongly Disagree 8 Refused 9 Don’t Know Q82C_NIG. Main reason Nigerians join extremist groups Q82C_NIG. Main reason Nigerians join extremist groups Q82C_NIG. Main reason Nigerians join extremist groups Q82C_NIG. Main reason Nigerians join extremist groups Q82C_NIG. Main reason Nigerians join extremist groups In your opinion, what is the main reason why some Nigerians join extremist groups? 1600 1 99 -1 Missing 1 Unemployment or lack of opportunities 2 Their religious beliefs 3 Poverty 4 A sense of injustice or mistreatment of their community by government 5 Lack of education 6 The ineffectiveness of the government 7 Coercion / they are forced to join 95 Other 98 Refused 99 Don’t know Q82C_NIGOther. Main reason Nigerians join extremist groups [verbatim] Q82C_NIGOther. Main reason Nigerians join extremist groups [verbatim] Q82C_NIGOther. Main reason Nigerians join extremist groups [verbatim] Q82C_NIGOther. Main reason Nigerians join extremist groups [verbatim] Q82C_NIGOther. Main reason Nigerians join extremist groups [verbatim] In your opinion, what is the main reason why some Nigerians join extremist groups? Other 1600 BECAUSE THEY WANT TO FIGHT FOR THEIR RIGHT CORRUPTION IGNORANCE ILLITERACY JUST WICKEDNESS MONEY MONEY, POWER QUEST FOR MONEY RA AYINSU NE KAWAI RASHIN IMANI SELFISH INTEREST STUPIDITY AND WICKEDNESS. STUPIDTY AND SENSELESS THE JOIN BECAUSE OF THEIR LACK OF RESPECT FOR HUMANITY THEIR LOVE FOR MONEY THEY ARE JUST BEEN WICKED THEY DONT VALUE HUMAN LIFE THEY JOINED BECAUSE OF MONEY THEY WANT CORRUPTION THEY WANT TO RETALIATE OF THEIR LOVE ONE DEATH TO PROTECT THE COUNTRY WE DON'T KNOW WHAT THEY ARE FIGHTING FOR WEEKENESS WICKEDNESS WICKEDNESS OF THE HIGHEST ORDER Q82D_NIG. Efficacy of Nigerian government addressing armed extremists Q82D_NIG. Efficacy of Nigerian government addressing armed extremists Q82D_NIG. Efficacy of Nigerian government addressing armed extremists Q82D_NIG. Efficacy of Nigerian government addressing armed extremists Q82D_NIG. Efficacy of Nigerian government addressing armed extremists How effective do you think the Nigerian government has been in its efforts to address the problem of armed extremists in this country? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very effective 2 Somewhat effective 3 Not very effective 4 Not at all effective 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q82EPT1_NIG. Best way for government to address armed extremists.1st response Q82EPT1_NIG. Best way for government to address armed extremists.1st response Q82EPT1_NIG. Best way for government to address armed extremists.1st response Q82EPT1_NIG. Best way for government to address armed extremists.1st response Q82EPT1_NIG. Best way for government to address armed extremists.1st response In your opinion, what do you think would be the best way for the government to be more effective in addressing the problem of armed extremists in our country? And what would be the second most important reason? - 1st response 1600 99 -1 Missing Nothing 1 The government is already effective in combatting them 2 Strengthen the military response or military capabilities 3 Working together with traditional leaders to address the issue 4 Working together with religious leaders to address the issue 5 Improve the economy and create more jobs 6 Improve education standards 7 Govern more effectively / provide better government services 8 Treat the communities the extremists come from more fairly 9 Give more power to local governments to make their own decisions 10 Cooperate more with other countries in our region to address the issue 11 Cooperate more with the international community to address the issue 12 Increase resources distributed to states and local communities, especially those from oil resource area 13 Split the country 95 Some other answer 98 Refused to answer 99 Don’t know Q82EPT1_NIGOther. Best way for government to address armed extremists.1st response [verbatim] Q82EPT1_NIGOther. Best way for government to address armed extremists.1st response [verbatim] Q82EPT1_NIGOther. Best way for government to address armed extremists.1st response [verbatim] Q82EPT1_NIGOther. Best way for government to address armed extremists.1st response [verbatim] Q82EPT1_NIGOther. Best way for government to address armed extremists.1st response [verbatim] In your opinion, what do you think would be the best way for the government to be more effective in addressing the problem of armed extremists in our country? And what would be the second most important reason? - 1st response, other 1600 ARREST THEM AND KILL THEM CALL THEM TOGETHER TO MAKE PEACE WITH THEM EDUCATE AND CHANGE THE MINDSET OF NORTHERNERS GOD SHOULD INTERVENE GOVERNMENT SHOULD HAVE A DIALOGUE WITH THEM KILL ALL OF THE EXTREMIST GROUP KILL ALL OFTHEM KILL ANY ONEBODY CAUGHT NEGOTIATE WITH THEM NIGERIANS SHOULD BE VERY PRAYERFUL PROVIDE SUFFICIENT FOOD FOR THE POOR SCREEN OUR NIGERIA LEADERS SECURITY SEEK THE FACE GOD THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD HAVE THEM JUST THE WAY THEY ARE KILLING PEOPLE THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD KILL THEM ALL THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD SACK THOSE LEADERS SUPPORTING THEM THEY SHOULD BOMB THEIR VILLAGE TO ASHES THEY SHOULD HAVE THE TECHNOLOGY THAT WILL TRACE THEM IN THEIR CAMP THEY SHOULD OUT THOSE PEOPLE FUNDING AND SUPPORTING THEM THEY SHOULD PAY EVERY NIGERIAN CITIZEN A MINIMUM WAGE AS LONG AS YOU ARE ALL EIGHTEEN YEARS OLD. USING ARMED FORCES ON THE EXTREMISTS Q82EPT2_NIG. Best way for government to address armed extremists.2nd response Q82EPT2_NIG. Best way for government to address armed extremists.2nd response Q82EPT2_NIG. Best way for government to address armed extremists.2nd response Q82EPT2_NIG. Best way for government to address armed extremists.2nd response Q82EPT2_NIG. Best way for government to address armed extremists.2nd response In your opinion, what do you think would be the best way for the government to be more effective in addressing the problem of armed extremists in our country? And what would be the second most important reason? - 2nd response 1600 1 96 -1 Missing 1 The government is already effective in combatting them 2 Strengthen the military response or military capabilities 3 Working together with traditional leaders to address the issue 4 Working together with religious leaders to address the issue 5 Improve the economy and create more jobs 6 Improve education standards 7 Govern more effectively / provide better government services 8 Treat the communities the extremists come from more fairly 9 Give more power to local governments to make their own decisions 10 Cooperate more with other countries in our region to address the issue 11 Cooperate more with the international community to address the issue 12 Increase resources distributed to states and local communities, especially those from oil resource area 13 Split the country 95 Some other answer 96 No further Answer Q82EPT2_NIGOther. Best way for government to address armed extremists.2nd response [verbatim] Q82EPT2_NIGOther. Best way for government to address armed extremists.2nd response [verbatim] Q82EPT2_NIGOther. Best way for government to address armed extremists.2nd response [verbatim] Q82EPT2_NIGOther. Best way for government to address armed extremists.2nd response [verbatim] Q82EPT2_NIGOther. Best way for government to address armed extremists.2nd response [verbatim] In your opinion, what do you think would be the best way for the government to be more effective in addressing the problem of armed extremists in our country? And what would be the second most important reason? - 2nd response, other 1600 ARREST THEM ASK FOR ASSISTANCE FROM THE FOREIGN COUNTRIES BY GETTING RID OF POVERTY CALL THEM FOR DIALOGUE CALL THEM TO HEAR FROM THEM CREATE EMPLOYMENTS OPPORTUNITIES. EMPOWER THE. YOUTHS GET PEOPLE EMPOWERED KILL MEMBERS WHO HAVE BEEN CAUGHT LAWS SHOU BE MADE ORIENTATION PAY THE ARMY WELL PROVIDE FOOD AND OTHER BASIC NECESSITIES TO THE POOR PEOPLE THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD HAVE A TALK WITH THE ARMED EXTREMIST THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD HAVE SOME GOOD DISCUSSION WITH THE ARMED EXTREMIST GROUP IN OUR COUNTRY THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD USE FORCE ON THEM. E G. KILL THEM THEY SHOULD HAVE A VIGILANTE GROUP TO WORK WITH STATE, LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TO ACHIEVE THEIR AIM. THEY SHOULD INCREASE THE ARMY FUND TO SET UP A COMMITTEE MEMBERS TO ADDRESS THE ISSUE OF OUR. COUNTRY. Q83A_NIG. Creation of more states will improve the development vs no positive impact Q83A_NIG. Creation of more states will improve the development vs no positive impact Q83A_NIG. Creation of more states will improve the development vs no positive impact Q83A_NIG. Creation of more states will improve the development vs no positive impact Q83A_NIG. Creation of more states will improve the development vs no positive impact Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Creation of more states will improve the development of Nigeria. Statement 2: Creation of more States will have no positive impact in the development of Nigeria 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree Very Strongly With Statement 1 2 Agree With Statement 1 3 Agree With Statement 2 4 Agree Very Strongly With Statement 2 5 Agree With Neither 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q83B_NIG. Nigeria should remain united to deal with terrorism vs separate into two countries Q83B_NIG. Nigeria should remain united to deal with terrorism vs separate into two countries Q83B_NIG. Nigeria should remain united to deal with terrorism vs separate into two countries Q83B_NIG. Nigeria should remain united to deal with terrorism vs separate into two countries Q83B_NIG. Nigeria should remain united to deal with terrorism vs separate into two countries Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Nigeria should remain united as one country even if the extremist groups continue to cause problems. Statement 2: If the problems caused by the extremist groups cannot be resolved, Nigeria should be split into two countries 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree Very Strongly With Statement 1 2 Agree With Statement 1 3 Agree With Statement 2 4 Agree Very Strongly With Statement 2 5 Agree With Neither 8 Refused to answer 9 Don’t know Q84. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe Q84. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe Q84. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe Q84. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe Q84. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe 84. Let us get back to talking about you. What is your ethnic community, cultural group or tribe? If respondent does not identify any group on this question – that is, IF they REFUSE to answer (9998), DON’T KNOW (9999) or mention “Nigerian only (9990)”– then circle 7 = Not Applicable for Q85A and Q85B and continue to question Q86. 1600 620 9995 -1 Missing 620 Hausa 621 Igbo 622 Yoruba 623 Efik 624 Ebira 625 Fulani 626 Isoko 627 Ibibio 628 Kanuri 629 Tiv 630 Nupe 631 Ijaw 632 Edo 633 Igala 634 Urhobo 635 Idoma 636 Itsekiri 637 Ikwere 638 Awori 639 Tapa 640 Kalabari 641 Birom 642 Shuwa-Arab 643 Jukun 644 Gwari 645 Aten 646 Higgi 647 Kurama 648 Ogoni 649 Waja 9990 Nigerian only, or “doesn’t think of self in those terms” 9995 Other 9998 Refused to answer 9999 Don’t know Q84other. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe (verbatim) Q84other. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe (verbatim) Q84other. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe (verbatim) Q84other. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe (verbatim) Q84other. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe (verbatim) 84. Let us get back to talking about you. What is your ethnic community, cultural group or tribe? Other If respondent does not identify any group on this question – that is, IF they REFUSE to answer (9998), DON’T KNOW (9999) or mention “Nigerian only (9990)”– then circle 7 = Not Applicable for Q85A and Q85B and continue to question Q86. 1600 Q85a. Ethnic group treated unfairly Q85a. Ethnic group treated unfairly Q85a. Ethnic group treated unfairly Q85a. Ethnic group treated unfairly Q85a. Ethnic group treated unfairly 85a. How often, if ever, are ___________s [R’s Ethnic Group] treated unfairly by the government? If respondent did not identify any group on Q84– that is, IF they REFUSED to answer (9998), DIDN’T KNOW (9999), or said “Nigerian only” (9990) – then circle 7 = Not Applicable for questions Q85A and Q85B and continue to question Q86. 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Sometimes 2 Often 3 Always 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q85b. Ethnic or national identity Q85b. Ethnic or national identity Q85b. Ethnic or national identity Q85b. Ethnic or national identity Q85b. Ethnic or national identity 85b. Let us suppose that you had to choose between being a Nigerian and being a ________[R’s ETHNIC GROUP]. Which of the following statements best expresses your feelings? If respondent did not identify any group on Q84 – that is, IF they REFUSED to answer (9998), DIDN’T KNOW (9999), or said “Nigerian only” (9990) – then circle 7 = Not Applicable for questions 85A and 85B and continue to question 87. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 I feel only (ethnic group) 2 I feel more (ethnic group) than (national identity) 3 I feel equally (national identity) and (ethnic group) 4 I feel more (national identity) than (ethnic group) 5 I feel only (national identity) 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q86a. Experienced discrimination based on gender Q86a. Experienced discrimination based on gender Q86a. Experienced discrimination based on gender Q86a. Experienced discrimination based on gender Q86a. Experienced discrimination based on gender 86. In the past year, how often, if at all, have you personally been discriminated against based on any of the following: - Your gender? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q86b. Experienced discrimination based on religion Q86b. Experienced discrimination based on religion Q86b. Experienced discrimination based on religion Q86b. Experienced discrimination based on religion Q86b. Experienced discrimination based on religion 86. In the past year, how often, if at all, have you personally been discriminated against based on any of the following: - Your religion? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q86c. Experienced discrimination based on ethnicity Q86c. Experienced discrimination based on ethnicity Q86c. Experienced discrimination based on ethnicity Q86c. Experienced discrimination based on ethnicity Q86c. Experienced discrimination based on ethnicity 86. In the past year, how often, if at all, have you personally been discriminated against based on any of the following: - Your ethnicity? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q86d. Experienced discrimination based on disability Q86d. Experienced discrimination based on disability Q86d. Experienced discrimination based on disability Q86d. Experienced discrimination based on disability Q86d. Experienced discrimination based on disability 86. In the past year, how often, if at all, have you personally been discriminated against based on any of the following: - Any disability you might have? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 7 Not applicable (no disability) 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q87a. Neighbours: people of different religion Q87a. Neighbours: people of different religion Q87a. Neighbours: people of different religion Q87a. Neighbours: people of different religion Q87a. Neighbours: people of different religion 87. For each of the following types of people, please tell me whether you would like having people from this group as neighbours, dislike it, or not care: - People of a different religion. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly dislike 2 Somewhat dislike 3 Would not care 4 Somewhat like 5 Strongly like 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q87b. Neighbours: people of different ethnicity Q87b. Neighbours: people of different ethnicity Q87b. Neighbours: people of different ethnicity Q87b. Neighbours: people of different ethnicity Q87b. Neighbours: people of different ethnicity 87. For each of the following types of people, please tell me whether you would like having people from this group as neighbours, dislike it, or not care: - People from other ethnic groups. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly dislike 2 Somewhat dislike 3 Would not care 4 Somewhat like 5 Strongly like 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q87c. Neighbours: homosexuals Q87c. Neighbours: homosexuals Q87c. Neighbours: homosexuals Q87c. Neighbours: homosexuals Q87c. Neighbours: homosexuals 87. For each of the following types of people, please tell me whether you would like having people from this group as neighbours, dislike it, or not care: - Homosexuals. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly dislike 2 Somewhat dislike 3 Would not care 4 Somewhat like 5 Strongly like 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q87d. Neighbours: immigrants and foreign workers Q87d. Neighbours: immigrants and foreign workers Q87d. Neighbours: immigrants and foreign workers Q87d. Neighbours: immigrants and foreign workers Q87d. Neighbours: immigrants and foreign workers 87. For each of the following types of people, please tell me whether you would like having people from this group as neighbours, dislike it, or not care: - Immigrants or foreign workers. 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly dislike 2 Somewhat dislike 3 Would not care 4 Somewhat like 5 Strongly like 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q88a. Close to political party Q88a. Close to political party Q88a. Close to political party Q88a. Close to political party Q88a. Close to political party 88a. Do you feel close to any particular political party? 1600 9 -1 Missing No, not close to any party 1 Yes, feels close to a party 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q88b. Which party Q88b. Which party Q88b. Which party Q88b. Which party Q88b. Which party Interviewer: if “Yes” to Q88A. 88b. Which party is that? 1600 620 9999 -1 Missing 620 Advanced Congress of Democrats (ACD) 621 All Progressive Congres (APC) 622 Alliance for Democracy (AD) 623 African Democratic Congress (ADC) 624 All Nigeria People’s Party (ANPP) 625 All Progressives Grand Alliance (APGA) 626 All People’s Party (APP) 627 African Renaissance Party (ARP) 628 Conscience People’s Congress (CPC) 629 Community Party of Nigeria (CPN) 630 Democratic Alternative (DA) 631 Democratic People’s Party (DPP) 632 Democratic Socialist Movement (DSM) 633 Fresh Democratic Party (FDP) 634 Labour Party (LP) 635 Masses Movement of Nigeria (MMN) 636 National Conscience Party (NCP) 637 New Democrats (ND) 638 People’s Democratic Party (PDP) 639 Progressive People’s Alliance (PPA) 640 Peoples Progressive Party (PPP) 641 People’s Redemption Party (PRP) 642 People’s Salvation Party (PSP) 643 Social Democratic Mega Party 644 United Nigeria People’s Party 9995 Other 9997 Not Applicable 9998 Refused 9999 Don't know Q88bother. Which party (verbatim) Q88bother. Which party (verbatim) Q88bother. Which party (verbatim) Q88bother. Which party (verbatim) Q88bother. Which party (verbatim) Interviewer: if “Yes” to Q88A. 88b. Which party is that? Other 1600 ACCORD UPP Q89a. Own radio Q89a. Own radio Q89a. Own radio Q89a. Own radio Q89a. Own radio 89. Which of these things do you personally own? [If no, ask:] Does anyone else in your household own one: - Radio? 1600 9 -1 Missing No, don’t own 1 Yes, someone else owns 2 Yes, do own 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q89b. Own television Q89b. Own television Q89b. Own television Q89b. Own television Q89b. Own television Si "Oui" à Q89A 89. Which of these things do you personally own? [If no, ask:] Does anyone else in your household own one: - Television? 1600 9 -1 Missing No, don’t own 1 Yes, someone else owns 2 Yes, do own 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q89c. Own motor vehicle, car or motorcycle Q89c. Own motor vehicle, car or motorcycle Q89c. Own motor vehicle, car or motorcycle Q89c. Own motor vehicle, car or motorcycle Q89c. Own motor vehicle, car or motorcycle 89. Which of these things do you personally own? [If no, ask:] Does anyone else in your household own one: - Motor vehicle or motorcycle? 1600 9 -1 Missing No, don’t own 1 Yes, someone else owns 2 Yes, do own 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q89d. Own computer Q89d. Own computer Q89d. Own computer Q89d. Own computer Q89d. Own computer 89. Which of these things do you personally own? [If no, ask:] Does anyone else in your household own one: - A computer? 1600 9 -1 Missing No, don’t own 1 Yes, someone else owns 2 Yes, do own 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q89e. Own bank account Q89e. Own bank account Q89e. Own bank account Q89e. Own bank account Q89e. Own bank account 89. Which of these things do you personally own? [If no, ask:] Does anyone else in your household own one: - Bank account? 1600 9 -1 Missing No, don’t own 1 Yes, someone else owns 2 Yes, do own 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q89f. Own mobile phone Q89f. Own mobile phone Q89f. Own mobile phone Q89f. Own mobile phone Q89f. Own mobile phone 89. Which of these things do you personally own? [If no, ask:] Does anyone else in your household own one: - Mobile phone? 1600 9 -1 Missing No, don’t own 1 Yes, someone else owns 2 Yes, do own 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q90. Mobile phone access to internet Q90. Mobile phone access to internet Q90. Mobile phone access to internet Q90. Mobile phone access to internet Q90. Mobile phone access to internet If yes to personally owning a mobile phone. 90. Does your phone have access to the internet? 1600 9 -1 Missing No, does not have internet access 1 Yes, has internet 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q91a. How often use a mobile phone Q91a. How often use a mobile phone Q91a. How often use a mobile phone Q91a. How often use a mobile phone Q91a. How often use a mobile phone 91. How often do you use: - A mobile phone? 1600 4 -1 Missing Never 1 Less than once a month 2 A few times a month 3 A few times a week 4 Everyday 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q91b. How often use the internet Q91b. How often use the internet Q91b. How often use the internet Q91b. How often use the internet Q91b. How often use the internet 91. How often do you use: - The Internet? 1600 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Less than once a month 2 A few times a month 3 A few times a week 4 Everyday 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q92a. Source of water for household use Q92a. Source of water for household use Q92a. Source of water for household use Q92a. Source of water for household use Q92a. Source of water for household use 92. Please tell me whether each of the following are available inside your house, inside your compound, or outside your compound: - Your main source of water for household use? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Inside the house 2 Inside the compound 3 Outside the compound 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q92b. Location of toilet or latrine Q92b. Location of toilet or latrine Q92b. Location of toilet or latrine Q92b. Location of toilet or latrine Q92b. Location of toilet or latrine 92. Please tell me whether each of the following are available inside your house, inside your compound, or outside your compound: - A toilet or latrine? 1600 3 -1 Missing No latrine 1 Inside the house 2 Inside the compound 3 Outside the compound 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q93. Electric connection from mains Q93. Electric connection from mains Q93. Electric connection from mains Q93. Electric connection from mains Q93. Electric connection from mains 93. Do you have an electric connection to your home from the mains? [If yes] How often is the electricity actually available from this connection? 1600 9 -1 Missing No mains electric supply or connection to the home 1 Never 2 Occasionally 3 About half of the time 4 Most of the time 5 All of the time 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q94. Employment status Q94. Employment status Q94. Employment status Q94. Employment status Q94. Employment status 94. Do you have a job that pays a cash income? [If yes, ask] Is it full-time or part-time? [If no, ask:] Are you presently looking for a job? 1600 3 -1 Missing No, not looking 1 No, looking 2 Yes, part time 3 Yes, full time 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q95a. Occupation of respondent Q95a. Occupation of respondent Q95a. Occupation of respondent Q95a. Occupation of respondent Q95a. Occupation of respondent 95a. What is your main occupation? [If unemployed, retired, or disabled, ask:] What was your last main occupation? 1600 99 -1 Missing Never had a job 1 Student 2 Housewife / homemaker 3 Agriculture / farming / fishing / forestry 4 Trader / hawker / vendor 5 Retail / Shop 6 Unskilled manual worker 7 Artisan or skilled manual worker 8 Clerical or secretarial 9 Supervisor / Foreman / Senior Manager 10 Security services 11 Mid-level professional 12 Upper-level professional 95 Other 98 Refused 99 Don’t know Q95b. Employer of respondent Q95b. Employer of respondent Q95b. Employer of respondent Q95b. Employer of respondent Q95b. Employer of respondent If respondent has an occupation, i.e., responses on Q95A other than 0=never had a job, 1=student, 2= housewife/homemaker, ask: 95b. Do you work for yourself, for someone else in the private sector or the non-governmental sector, or for government? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Works for self 2 Private sector 3 Non Governmental Organizations / Civil society sector 4 Government 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q95c. Who decides how money is used Q95c. Who decides how money is used Q95c. Who decides how money is used Q95c. Who decides how money is used Q95c. Who decides how money is used 95c. What is the main way that decisions are made about how to use any money that you have or earn, for example from a job, a business, selling things or other activities? 1600 1 9 -1 Missing 1 You make the decisions yourself 2 Your spouse makes the decisions 3 You make the decisions jointly with your spouse 4 You make the decisions jointly with other family members 5 Other family members make the decisions without you 6 None of the above / Some other response 7 Not applicable, no earnings 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q96a. Head of household Q96a. Head of household Q96a. Head of household Q96a. Head of household Q96a. Head of household 96a. Who is the head of this household, that is, the person who has primary responsibility for making decisions on behalf of the household? 1600 1 98 -1 Missing 1 You (respondent) 2 Respondent's spouse 3 Respondent's father 4 Respondent's mother 5 Respondent's son 6 Respondent's daughter 7 Respondent's grandfather 8 Respondent's grandmother 9 Another male relative 10 Another female relative 11 Someone else 12 More than one person 98 Refused 99 Don’t know Q96b. Occupation of head of household Q96b. Occupation of head of household Q96b. Occupation of head of household Q96b. Occupation of head of household Q96b. Occupation of head of household If respondent is not the head of household, i.e. if the response to 96A was NOT 1=You [respondent] or 99=Don’t know, ask: 96b. What is the main occupation of the head of the household? [If unemployed, retired or disabled, ask:] What was his/her last main occupation? 1600 99 -1 Missing Never had a job 1 Student 2 Housewife / homemaker 3 Agriculture / farming / fishing / forestry 4 Trader / hawker / vendor 5 Retail / Shop 6 Unskilled manual worker 7 Artisan or skilled manual worker 8 Clerical or secretarial 9 Supervisor / Foreman / Senior Manager 10 Security services 11 Mid-level professional 12 Upper-level professional 95 Other 97 Not applicable (respondent is head of household) 98 Refused 99 Don’t know Q97. Education of respondent Q97. Education of respondent Q97. Education of respondent Q97. Education of respondent Q97. Education of respondent 97. What is your highest level of education? 1600 99 -1 Missing No formal schooling 1 Informal schooling only 2 Some primary schooling 3 Primary school completed 4 Some secondary school / high school 5 Secondary school / high school completed 6 Post-secondary qualifications, other than university 7 Some university 8 University completed 9 Post-graduate 98 Refused 99 Don’t know Q98. Religion of respondent Q98. Religion of respondent Q98. Religion of respondent Q98. Religion of respondent Q98. Religion of respondent 98. What is your religion, if any? 1600 9995 -1 Missing None 1 Christian only 2 Roman Catholic 3 Orthodox 4 Coptic 5 Anglican 6 Lutheran 7 Methodist 8 Presbyterian 9 Baptist 10 Quaker / Friends 11 Mennonite 12 Evangelical 13 Pentecostal 14 Independent 15 Jehovah’s Witness 16 Seventh Day Adventist 17 Mormon 18 Muslim only 19 Sunni only 20 Ismaeli 21 Mouridiya Brotherhood 22 Tijaniya Brotherhood 23 Qadiriya Brotherhood 24 Shia 25 Traditional / ethnic religion 26 Hindu 27 Bahai 28 Agnostic 29 Atheist 30 Dutch Reformed 31 Calvinist 32 Church of Christ 33 Zionist Christian Church 34 Jewish 620 Izala 9995 Other 9998 Refused 9999 Don't know Q98other. Religion of respondent (verbatim) Q98other. Religion of respondent (verbatim) Q98other. Religion of respondent (verbatim) Q98other. Religion of respondent (verbatim) Q98other. Religion of respondent (verbatim) 98. What is your religion, if any? Other 1600 AHLISSUNNAH CHRIST APOSTOLIC CHURCH CHRISTIANITY GOD OF LIFE ISLAM MUSLIM REDEEM CHRISTIAN CHURCH OF GOD Q99. Vote for which party Q99. Vote for which party Q99. Vote for which party Q99. Vote for which party Q99. Vote for which party 99. If presidential elections were held tomorrow, which party’s candidate would you vote for? 1600 620 9999 -1 Missing 620 Advanced Congress of Democrats (ACD) 620 621 All Progressive Congres (APC) 621 622 Alliance for Democracy (AD) 623 African Democratic Congress (ADC) 624 All Nigeria People’s Party (ANPP) 625 All Progressives Grand Alliance (APGA) 626 All People’s Party (APP) 627 African Renaissance Party (ARP) 628 Conscience People’s Congress (CPC) 629 Community Party of Nigeria (CPN) 630 Democratic Alternative (DA) 631 Democratic People’s Party (DPP) 632 Democratic Socialist Movement (DSM) 633 Fresh Democratic Party (FDP) 634 Labour Party (LP) 635 Masses Movement of Nigeria (MMN) 636 National Conscience Party (NCP) 637 New Democrats (ND) 638 People’s Democratic Party (PDP) 639 Progressive People’s Alliance (PPA) 640 Peoples Progressive Party (PPP) 641 People’s Redemption Party (PRP) 642 People’s Salvation Party (PSP) 643 Social Democratic Mega Party 644 United Nigeria People’s Party 9995 Other 9997 Would not vote 9998 Refused to answer 9999 Don't know Q99other. Vote for which party (verbatim) Q99other. Vote for which party (verbatim) Q99other. Vote for which party (verbatim) Q99other. Vote for which party (verbatim) Q99other. Vote for which party (verbatim) 99. If presidential elections were held tomorrow, which party’s candidate would you vote for? Other 1600 Q100. Perceived survey sponsor Q100. Perceived survey sponsor Q100. Perceived survey sponsor Q100. Perceived survey sponsor Q100. Perceived survey sponsor 100. Just one more question: Who do you think sent us to do this interview? 1600 99 -1 Missing No one 1 Afrobarometer 2 Research Company 3 Non-government or religious organization 4 University / School / College 5 Private company 6 Media 7 Political party or politician 8 Government 9 International organization or another country 10 God 95 Other 98 Refused 99 Don’t know Time interview ended 1600 Length of interview Length of interview Length of interview Length of interview Length of interview Length of interview 1600 -1 424.605333333333 -1 Missing Q101. Gender of respondent Q101. Gender of respondent Q101. Gender of respondent Q101. Gender of respondent Q101. Gender of respondent 101. Respondent’s gender 1600 1 2 1 Male 2 Female Q102. Race of respondent Q102. Race of respondent Q102. Race of respondent Q102. Race of respondent Q102. Race of respondent 102. Respondent’s race 1600 1 9999 1 Black / African 2 White / European 3 Coloured / Mixed race 4 Arab / Lebanese / North African 5 South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, etc.) 6 East Asian (Chinese, Korean, Indonesian, etc.) 9995 Other 9999 Don't know Q103. Language of interview Q103. Language of interview Q103. Language of interview Q103. Language of interview Q103. Language of interview 103. What was the primary language used in the interview? 1600 1 9995 1 English 620 Hausa 621 Igbo 622 Yoruba 623 Pidgin English 9995 Other Q103other. Language of interview (verbatim) Q103other. Language of interview (verbatim) Q103other. Language of interview (verbatim) Q103other. Language of interview (verbatim) Q103other. Language of interview (verbatim) 103. What was the primary language used in the interview? Other 1600 ATEN CHAM ENGLISH AND PIGNI ENGLISH FULANI NUPE WAJA Q104. Type of shelter of respondent Q104. Type of shelter of respondent Q104. Type of shelter of respondent Q104. Type of shelter of respondent Q104. Type of shelter of respondent 104. In what type of shelter does the respondent live? 1600 1 8 1 Non-traditional / formal house 2 Traditional house / hut 3 Temporary structure / shack 4 Flat in a block of flats 5 Single room in a larger dwelling structure or backyard 7 Hostel in an industrial compound or farming compound 8 Other Q105. Roof of respondent’s home Q105. Roof of respondent’s home Q105. Roof of respondent’s home Q105. Roof of respondent’s home Q105. Roof of respondent’s home 105. What was the roof of the respondent’s home or shelter made of? 1600 1 10 1 Metal, aluminum, tin or zinc 2 Tiles 3 Shingles 4 Thatch or grass 5 Plastic sheets 6 Asbestos 7 Multiple materials 8 Concrete 9 Some other material 10 Could not tell / could not see Q106. Others present Q106. Others present Q106. Others present Q106. Others present Q106. Others present 106. Were there any other people immediately present who might be listening during the interview? 1600 1 5 1 No one 2 Spouse only 3 Children only 4 A few others 5 Small crowd Q107a. Check with others Q107a. Check with others Q107a. Check with others Q107a. Check with others Q107a. Check with others 107a. Did the respondent check with others for information to answer any question? 1600 1 No 1 Yes Q107b. Influence by others Q107b. Influence by others Q107b. Influence by others Q107b. Influence by others Q107b. Influence by others 107b. Do you think anyone influenced the respondent’s answers during the interview? 1600 1 No 1 Yes Q107c. Approached by community/party representatives Q107c. Approached by community/party representatives Q107c. Approached by community/party representatives Q107c. Approached by community/party representatives Q107c. Approached by community/party representatives 107c. Were you approached by community and/or political party representatives? 1600 1 No 1 Yes Q107d. Feel threatened Q107d. Feel threatened Q107d. Feel threatened Q107d. Feel threatened Q107d. Feel threatened 107d. Did you feel threatened during the interview? 1600 1 No 1 Yes Q107e. Physically threatened Q107e. Physically threatened Q107e. Physically threatened Q107e. Physically threatened Q107e. Physically threatened 107e. Were you physically threatened during the interview? 1600 1 No 1 Yes Q108. Proportion difficulty answering Q108. Proportion difficulty answering Q108. Proportion difficulty answering Q108. Proportion difficulty answering Q108. Proportion difficulty answering 108. What proportion of the questions do you feel the respondent had difficulty answering? 1600 4 None 1 Few 2 Some 3 Most 4 All Q110a. Respondent friendly Q110a. Respondent friendly Q110a. Respondent friendly Q110a. Respondent friendly Q110a. Respondent friendly 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: friendly, in between, or hostile? 1600 1 3 1 Friendly 2 In between 3 Hostile Q110b. Respondent interested Q110b. Respondent interested Q110b. Respondent interested Q110b. Respondent interested Q110b. Respondent interested 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: interested, in between, or bored? 1600 1 3 1 Interested 2 In between 3 Bored Q110c. Respondent cooperative Q110c. Respondent cooperative Q110c. Respondent cooperative Q110c. Respondent cooperative Q110c. Respondent cooperative 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: cooperative, in between, or uncooperative? 1600 1 2 1 Cooperative 2 In between 3 Uncooperative Q110d. Respondent patient Q110d. Respondent patient Q110d. Respondent patient Q110d. Respondent patient Q110d. Respondent patient 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: patient, in between, or impatient? 1600 1 3 1 Patient 2 In between 3 Impatient Q110e. Respondent at ease Q110e. Respondent at ease Q110e. Respondent at ease Q110e. Respondent at ease Q110e. Respondent at ease 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: at ease, in between, or suspicious? 1600 1 3 1 At ease 2 In between 3 Suspicious Q110f. Respondent honest Q110f. Respondent honest Q110f. Respondent honest Q110f. Respondent honest Q110f. Respondent honest 110. What was the respondent’s attitude toward you during the interview? Was he or she: honest, in between, or misleading? 1600 1 3 1 Honest 2 In between 3 Misleading Q112. Interviewer Number Q112. Interviewer Number Q112. Interviewer Number Q112. Interviewer Number Q112. Interviewer Number 112. Interviewer’s number 1600 Q113. Interviewer’s age Q113. Interviewer’s age Q113. Interviewer’s age Q113. Interviewer’s age Q113. Interviewer’s age 113. Interviewer’s age 1600 21 45 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 35 37 38 40 42 45 Q114. Interviewer’s gender Q114. Interviewer’s gender Q114. Interviewer’s gender Q114. Interviewer’s gender Q114. Interviewer’s gender 114. Interviewer’s gender 1600 1 2 1 Male 2 Female Q115. Interviewer rural or urban Q115. Interviewer rural or urban Q115. Interviewer rural or urban Q115. Interviewer rural or urban Q115. Interviewer rural or urban 115. Do you come from a rural or urban area? 1600 1 2 1 Rural 2 Urban Q116. Interviewer's home language Q116. Interviewer's home language Q116. Interviewer's home language Q116. Interviewer's home language Q116. Interviewer's home language 116. Interviewer’s home language 1600 1 9995 -1 Missing 1 English 620 Hausa 621 Igbo 622 Yoruba 623 Pidgin English 624 Efik 625 Ebira 626 Fulani 627 Isoko 628 Ibibio 629 Kanuri 630 Tiv 631 Nupe 632 Ijaw 633 Edo 634 Igala 635 Urhobo 636 Ogoni 637 Anang 638 Ikwere 639 Idoma 640 Esan 641 Nembe 9995 Other 9998 Refused to Answer 9999 Don't Know Q116other. Interviewer's home language (verbatim) Q116other. Interviewer's home language (verbatim) Q116other. Interviewer's home language (verbatim) Q116other. Interviewer's home language (verbatim) Q116other. Interviewer's home language (verbatim) 116. Interviewer’s home language, other 1600 BEROM BINI CALA EKPEYE GBAGYI GOEMAI JABA KARAI KARAI LANGTANG NGAS NGIZI NGIZIM NYANDANG TANGALE WAJA Q117. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe Q117. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe Q117. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe Q117. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe Q117. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe 117. Interviewer’s ethnic group/tribe: 1600 620 9995 -1 Missing 620 Hausa 621 Igbo 622 Yoruba 623 Efik 624 Ebira 625 Fulani 626 Isoko 627 Ibibio 628 Kanuri 629 Tiv 630 Nupe 631 Ijaw 632 Edo 633 Igala 634 Urhobo 635 Idoma 636 Itsekiri 637 Ikwere 638 Awori 639 Tapa 640 Kalabari 641 Birom 642 Shuwa-Arab 643 Jukun 644 Gwari 9990 Nigerian only, or “doesn’t think of self in those terms” 9995 Other 9998 Refused to answer 9999 Don’t know Q117other. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe (verbatim) Q117other. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe (verbatim) Q117other. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe (verbatim) Q117other. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe (verbatim) Q117other. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe (verbatim) 117. Interviewer’s ethnic group/tribe, other 1600 BEROM DAKKARCI (ZURU) EKPEYE GOEMAI JABA KARAI KARAI MADA NGAS NGIZIM RON WAJA Q118. Interviewer's education Q118. Interviewer's education Q118. Interviewer's education Q118. Interviewer's education Q118. Interviewer's education 118. Interviewer’s highest level of education 1600 6 9 3 Primary school completed 4 Some secondary school / high school 5 Secondary school / high school completed 6 Post-secondary qualifications, other than university 7 Some university 8 University completed 9 Post graduate Q119. Other spoken languages_first Q119. Other spoken languages_first Q119. Other spoken languages_first Q119. Other spoken languages_first Q119. Other spoken languages_first 119. Which Nigerian languages do you speak? 1600 1 622 -1 Missing 1 English 620 Hausa 621 Igbo 622 Yoruba 623 Pidgin English 624 Efik 625 Ebira 626 Fulani 627 Isoko 628 Ibibio 629 Kanuri 630 Tiv 631 Nupe 632 Ijaw 633 Edo 634 Igala 635 Urhobo 636 Ogoni 637 Anang 638 Ikwere 639 Idoma 640 Esan 641 Nembe 9995 Other 9996 No Further Response 9998 Refused to Answer 9999 Don't Know Q119. Other spoken languages_second Q119. Other spoken languages_second Q119. Other spoken languages_second Q119. Other spoken languages_second Q119. Other spoken languages_second 119. Which Nigerian languages do you speak? 1600 620 9996 -1 Missing 1 English 620 Hausa 621 Igbo 622 Yoruba 623 Pidgin English 624 Efik 625 Ebira 626 Fulani 627 Isoko 628 Ibibio 629 Kanuri 630 Tiv 631 Nupe 632 Ijaw 633 Edo 634 Igala 635 Urhobo 636 Ogoni 637 Anang 638 Ikwere 639 Idoma 640 Esan 641 Nembe 9995 Other 9996 No Further Response 9998 Refused to Answer 9999 Don't Know Q119. Other spoken languages_third Q119. Other spoken languages_third Q119. Other spoken languages_third Q119. Other spoken languages_third Q119. Other spoken languages_third 119. Which Nigerian languages do you speak? 1600 621 9996 -1 Missing 1 English 620 Hausa 621 Igbo 622 Yoruba 623 Pidgin English 624 Efik 625 Ebira 626 Fulani 627 Isoko 628 Ibibio 629 Kanuri 630 Tiv 631 Nupe 632 Ijaw 633 Edo 634 Igala 635 Urhobo 636 Ogoni 637 Anang 638 Ikwere 639 Idoma 640 Esan 641 Nembe 9995 Other 9996 No Further Response 9998 Refused to Answer 9999 Don't Know Q119. Other spoken languages_fourth Q119. Other spoken languages_fourth Q119. Other spoken languages_fourth Q119. Other spoken languages_fourth Q119. Other spoken languages_fourth 119. Which Nigerian languages do you speak? 1600 623 9996 -1 Missing 1 English 620 Hausa 621 Igbo 622 Yoruba 623 Pidgin English 624 Efik 625 Ebira 626 Fulani 627 Isoko 628 Ibibio 629 Kanuri 630 Tiv 631 Nupe 632 Ijaw 633 Edo 634 Igala 635 Urhobo 636 Ogoni 637 Anang 638 Ikwere 639 Idoma 640 Esan 641 Nembe 9995 Other 9996 No Further Response 9998 Refused to Answer 9999 Don't Know Q119. Other spoken languages_fifth Q119. Other spoken languages_fifth Q119. Other spoken languages_fifth Q119. Other spoken languages_fifth Q119. Other spoken languages_fifth 119. Which Nigerian languages do you speak? 1600 624 9996 -1 Missing 1 English 620 Hausa 621 Igbo 622 Yoruba 623 Pidgin English 624 Efik 625 Ebira 626 Fulani 627 Isoko 628 Ibibio 629 Kanuri 630 Tiv 631 Nupe 632 Ijaw 633 Edo 634 Igala 635 Urhobo 636 Ogoni 637 Anang 638 Ikwere 639 Idoma 640 Esan 641 Nembe 9995 Other 9996 No Further Response 9998 Refused to Answer 9999 Don't Know Q119. Other spoken languages_sixth Q119. Other spoken languages_sixth Q119. Other spoken languages_sixth Q119. Other spoken languages_sixth Q119. Other spoken languages_sixth 119. Which Nigerian languages do you speak? 1600 628 9996 -1 Missing 1 English 620 Hausa 621 Igbo 622 Yoruba 623 Pidgin English 624 Efik 625 Ebira 626 Fulani 627 Isoko 628 Ibibio 629 Kanuri 630 Tiv 631 Nupe 632 Ijaw 633 Edo 634 Igala 635 Urhobo 636 Ogoni 637 Anang 638 Ikwere 639 Idoma 640 Esan 641 Nembe 9995 Other 9996 No Further Response 9998 Refused to Answer 9999 Don't Know Q119other. Other spoken languages (verbatim) Q119other. Other spoken languages (verbatim) Q119other. Other spoken languages (verbatim) Q119other. Other spoken languages (verbatim) Q119other. Other spoken languages (verbatim) 119. Which Nigerian languages do you speak? Other 1600 BINI ETUNO GOEMAI GWARI IKWERRE JABA KALABIRI KARAI KARAI KARAI KARAI AND NGIZ NGIZIM NGIZIM, AND KARAI K NYANDANG TANGALE WAJA within country weighting factor within country weighting factor within country weighting factor within country weighting factor within country weighting factor Respondent number 1600 0.375876235770479 1.73750710044961