DDI_NER_2018_AFB-R7_v01_M Development Economics Data Group 2021-03-31 NADA Version 01 (March 2021) Afrobarometer Survey 2018 Round 7 AFB-R7 2018 NER_2018_AFB-R7_v01_M Ghana Centre for Democratic Development (CDD) Institute for Justice and Reconciliation in South Africa (IJR) Institute for Empirical Research in Political Economy (IREEP) Institute for Development Studies (IDS) Michigan State University (MSU) University of Cape Town (UCT, South Africa) NADA Department for International Development Swedish Internation Development Cooperation Agency United States Agency for International Development World Bank Group For general inquiries For general inquiries For data Other Household Survey [hh/oth] Afrobarometer collects and disseminates information regarding Africans’ views on democracy, governance, economic reform, civil society, and quality of life. Round 1 surveys were conducted between 1999 and 2001. At that time, the project covered seven countries in Southern Africa (Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe), three countries in West Africa (Ghana, Nigeria and Mali) and two in East Africa (Uganda and Tanzania). Round 2 surveys were completed by November 2003 with four new countries added: Kenya, Senegal, Cape Verde and Mozambique. Round 3 surveys were conducted from March 2005 to February 2006 in the same countries, plus Benin and Madagascar. Round 4 surveys were conducted during 2008 and 2009 in 20 countries, reflecting the addition of Burkina Faso and Liberia. The fifth Round of surveys were done between October 2011 and June 2013. In the Round 5 surveys, the project covered an additional 15 countries in different regions of the continent. Among the new R5 countries were Mauritius and Swaziland in Southern Africa; Burundi and Ethiopia in East Africa; Cameroon, Niger, Cote D’Ivoire, Guinea, Sierra Leone and Togo in West Africa. Afrobarometer also worked with the Arab Barometer and implemented R5 surveys in Algeria, Egypt, Morocco Sudan and Tunisia. Additional Round 5.5 surveys were also conducted in Mali and Zimbabwe. In Round 6, surveys were done 36 countries. Two countries that were covered in Round 5, Ethiopia and Egypt, were not included due to operational constraints. In their place, the Network added Gabon and Sao Tome and Principe. The survey covered 34 African countries covered in Round 7 (2016-2018). Here are the list of countries covered in Round 7: Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Version 01: Edited, anonymized dataset for public distribution conflict, security and peace [4.1] domestic political issues [4.2] government, political systems and organisations [4.4] mass political behaviour, attitudes/opinion [4.6] political ideology [4.7] business/industrial management and organisation [2.2] mass media [7.4] social exclusion [12.9] cultural activities and participation [13.2] cultural and national identity [13.3] religion and values [13.5] social behaviour and attitudes [13.6] social change [13.7] social conditions and indicators [13.8] The Afrobarometer is a comparative series of public attitude surveys that assess African citizen's attitudes to democracy and governance, markets, and civil society, among other topics. The surveys have been undertaken at periodic intervals since 1999. The Afrobarometer's coverage has increased over time. Round 1 (1999-2001) initially covered 7 countries and was later extended to 12 countries. Round 2 (2002-2004) surveyed citizens in 16 countries. Round 3 (2005-2006) 18 countries, Round 4 (2008) 20 countries, Round 5 (2011-2013) 34 countries, and Round 6 (2014-2015) 36 countries. The survey covered 34 countries in Round 7 (2016-2018). Niger National coverage The lowest level of geographic aggregation covered by the data is district. Individual The sample universe for Afrobarometer surveys includes all citizens of voting age within the country. In other words, we exclude anyone who is not a citizen and anyone who has not attained this age (usually 18 years) on the day of the survey. Also excluded are areas determined to be either inaccessible or not relevant to the study, such as those experiencing armed conflict or natural disasters, as well as national parks and game reserves. As a matter of practice, we have also excluded people living in institutionalized settings, such as students in dormitories and persons in prisons or nursing homes. Sample survey data [ssd] Each Afrobarometer survey collects data about individual attitudes and behavior, including innovative indicators especially relevant to developing societies. This includes the following topics: • Democracy - Popular understanding of, support for, and satisfaction with democracy, as well as any desire to return to, or experiment with, authoritarian alternatives. • Governance - The demand for, and satisfaction with, effective, accountable and clean government; judgments of overall governance performance and social service delivery. • Livelihoods - How do African families survive? What variety of formal and informal means do they use to gain access to food, shelter, water, health, employment and money? • Macro-economics and markets - Citizen understandings of market principles and market reforms and their assessments of economic conditions and government performance at economic management. • Social capital - Whom do people trust? To what extent do they rely on informal networks and associations? What are their evaluations of the trustworthiness of various institutions? • Conflict and crime - How safe do people feel? What has been their experience with crime and violence? • Participation - The extent to which ordinary people join in development efforts, comply with the laws of the land, vote in elections, contact elected representatives, and engage in protest. The quality of electoral representation. • National identity - How do people see themselves in relation to ethnic and class identities? Does a shared sense of national identity exist? Afrobarometer uses national probability samples designed to meet the following criteria. Samples are designed to generate a sample that is a representative cross-section of all citizens of voting age in a given country. The goal is to give every adult citizen an equal and known chance of being selected for an interview. They achieve this by: • using random selection methods at every stage of sampling; • sampling at all stages with probability proportionate to population size wherever possible to ensure that larger (i.e., more populated) geographic units have a proportionally greater probability of being chosen into the sample. The sampling universe normally includes all citizens age 18 and older. As a standard practice, we exclude people living in institutionalized settings, such as students in dormitories, patients in hospitals, and persons in prisons or nursing homes. Occasionally, we must also exclude people living in areas determined to be inaccessible due to conflict or insecurity. Any such exclusion is noted in the technical information report (TIR) that accompanies each data set. Sample size and design Samples usually include either 1,200 or 2,400 cases. A randomly selected sample of n=1200 cases allows inferences to national adult populations with a margin of sampling error of no more than +/-2.8% with a confidence level of 95 percent. With a sample size of n=2400, the margin of error decreases to +/-2.0% at 95 percent confidence level. The sample design is a clustered, stratified, multi-stage, area probability sample. Specifically, we first stratify the sample according to the main sub-national unit of government (state, province, region, etc.) and by urban or rural location. Area stratification reduces the likelihood that distinctive ethnic or language groups are left out of the sample. Afrobarometer occasionally purposely oversamples certain populations that are politically significant within a country to ensure that the size of the sub-sample is large enough to be analysed. Any oversamples is noted in the TIR. Sample stages Samples are drawn in either four or five stages: Stage 1: In rural areas only, the first stage is to draw secondary sampling units (SSUs). SSUs are not used in urban areas, and in some countries they are not used in rural areas. See the TIR that accompanies each data set for specific details on the sample in any given country. Stage 2: We randomly select primary sampling units (PSU). Stage 3: We then randomly select sampling start points. Stage 4: Interviewers then randomly select households. Stage 5: Within the household, the interviewer randomly selects an individual respondent. Each interviewer alternates in each household between interviewing a man and interviewing a woman to ensure gender balance in the sample. To keep the costs and logistics of fieldwork within manageable limits, eight interviews are clustered within each selected PSU. Face-to-face [f2f] The Round 7 questionnaire has been developed by the Questionnaire Committee after reviewing the findings and feedback obtained in previous Rounds, and securing input on preferred new topics from a host of donors, analysts, and users of the data. As in previous Rounds, about two-thirds of the items from the Round 6 questionnaire remain the same, and about one-third are new items. In identifying new survey topics, the Questionnaire Committee sought to align the instrument with the global development agenda by incorporating topics that speak to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that were adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015. Some of the new survey topics in the R7 questionnaire include: Safety and Security; State capacity; Migration; Closing spaces; Inclusion; Climate change and, the Middle class. The questionnaire consists of three parts: 1. Part 1 captures the steps for selecting households and respondents, and includes the introduction to the respondent and (pp.1-4). This section should be filled in by the Fieldworker. 2. Part 2 covers the core attitudinal and demographic questions that are asked by the Fieldworker and answered by the Respondent (Q1 – Q100). 3. Part 3 includes contextual questions about the setting and atmosphere of the interview, and collects information on the Fieldworker. This section is completed by the Fieldworker (Q101 – Q123). Data weights For some national surveys, data are weighted to correct for over or under-sampling or for household size. "Withinwt" should be turned on for all national -level descriptive statistics in countries that contain this weighting variable. It is included as the last variable in the data set, with details described in the codebook. For merged data sets, "Combinwt" should be turned on for cross-national comparisons of descriptive statistics. Note: this weighting variable standardizes each national sample as if it were equal in size. Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include: - the Identification of the Primary Investigator - the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation) - the survey reference number - the source and date of download Example: Afrobarometer Data, [Country(ies)], [Round(s)], [Year(s)], available at http://www.afrobarometer.org. Public use files, available to all The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. ngr_r7_data.sav Afrobarometer round 7 survey data. 1200 352 Respondent number Respondent number Respondent number Respondent number Respondent number 1200 Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit Urban or Rural Primary Sampling Unit 1200 1 2 1 Urban 2 Rural Province or region Province or region Province or region Province or region Province or region 1200 1100 1107 1100 Agadez 1101 Diffa 1102 Dosso 1103 Maradi 1104 Tahoua 1105 Tillaberi 1106 Zinder 1107 Niamey EA-SVC-A. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-A. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-A. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-A. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-A. Electricity grid in the PSU/EA 1200 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-SVC-B. Piped water system in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-B. Piped water system in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-B. Piped water system in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-B. Piped water system in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-B. Piped water system in the PSU/EA 1200 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-SVC-C. Sewage system in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-C. Sewage system in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-C. Sewage system in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-C. Sewage system in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-C. Sewage system in the PSU/EA 1200 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-SVC-D. Cell phone service in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-D. Cell phone service in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-D. Cell phone service in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-D. Cell phone service in the PSU/EA EA-SVC-D. Cell phone service in the PSU/EA 1200 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-FAC-A. Post office in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-A. Post office in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-A. Post office in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-A. Post office in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-A. Post office in the PSU/EA 1200 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-FAC-B. School in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-B. School in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-B. School in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-B. School in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-B. School in the PSU/EA 1200 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-FAC-C. Police station in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-C. Police station in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-C. Police station in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-C. Police station in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-C. Police station in the PSU/EA 1200 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-FAC-D. Health Clinic in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-D. Health Clinic in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-D. Health Clinic in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-D. Health Clinic in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-D. Health Clinic in the PSU/EA 1200 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-FAC-E. Market stalls in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-E. Market stalls in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-E. Market stalls in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-E. Market stalls in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-E. Market stalls in the PSU/EA 1200 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-FAC-F. Bank in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-F. Bank in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-F. Bank in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-F. Bank in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-F. Bank in the PSU/EA 1200 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-FAC-G. Paid transport in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-G. Paid transport in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-G. Paid transport in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-G. Paid transport in the PSU/EA EA-FAC-G. Paid transport in the PSU/EA 1200 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Can't determine EA-SEC-A. Police in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-A. Police in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-A. Police in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-A. Police in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-A. Police in the PSU/EA 1200 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Don't know EA-SEC-B. Soldiers/army in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-B. Soldiers/army in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-B. Soldiers/army in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-B. Soldiers/army in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-B. Soldiers/army in the PSU/EA 1200 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Don't know EA-SEC-C. Roadblocks by police/army in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-C. Roadblocks by police/army in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-C. Roadblocks by police/army in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-C. Roadblocks by police/army in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-C. Roadblocks by police/army in the PSU/EA 1200 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Don't know EA-SEC-D. Customs checkpoints in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-D. Customs checkpoints in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-D. Customs checkpoints in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-D. Customs checkpoints in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-D. Customs checkpoints in the PSU/EA 1200 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Don't know EA-SEC-E. Roadblocks by private security/local community in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-E. Roadblocks by private security/local community in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-E. Roadblocks by private security/local community in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-E. Roadblocks by private security/local community in the PSU/EA EA-SEC-E. Roadblocks by private security/local community in the PSU/EA 1200 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 9 Don't know EA-ROAD-A. Road surface at start point EA-ROAD-A. Road surface at start point EA-ROAD-A. Road surface at start point EA-ROAD-A. Road surface at start point EA-ROAD-A. Road surface at start point 1200 1 5 -1 Missing 1 Earth 2 Gravel 3 Stone 4 Muram 5 Paved/ Tarred 6 Concrete EA-ROAD-B. Road surface last 5 km EA-ROAD-B. Road surface last 5 km EA-ROAD-B. Road surface last 5 km EA-ROAD-B. Road surface last 5 km EA-ROAD-B. Road surface last 5 km 1200 1 5 -1 Missing 1 Earth 2 Gravel 3 Stone 4 Muram 5 Paved/ Tarred 6 Concrete EA-ROAD-C. Road condition last 5 km EA-ROAD-C. Road condition last 5 km EA-ROAD-C. Road condition last 5 km EA-ROAD-C. Road condition last 5 km EA-ROAD-C. Road condition last 5 km 1200 1 6 -1 Missing 1 Impassable 2 Very poor 3 Poor 4 Fair 5 Good 6 Very good Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 1200 1 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 1200 1 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 1200 2 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 1200 2 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 1200 2 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 1200 2 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 1200 9997 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 1200 9997 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful This interview, gender This interview, gender This interview, gender This interview, gender This interview, gender 1200 1 2 -1 Missing 1 Male 2 Female Number of adults in household Number of adults in household Number of adults in household Number of adults in household Number of adults in household 1200 1 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 15 17 18 19 20 Number of calls Number of calls Number of calls Number of calls Number of calls 1200 1 2 1 2 Date of interview Date of interview Date of interview Date of interview Date of interview 1200 2018-04-13 2018-04-14 2018-04-15 2018-04-16 2018-04-17 2018-04-18 2018-04-19 2018-04-20 2018-04-21 2018-04-22 2018-04-23 2018-04-24 2018-04-25 2018-04-26 2018-04-27 2018-04-28 2018-04-29 2018-04-30 1200 Q1. Age Q1. Age Q1. Age Q1. Age Q1. Age 1200 18 999 -1 Missing 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 70 71 72 73 75 77 78 79 80 82 83 85 86 89 998 Refused 999 Don't know Q2a. Respondent's mother tongue Q2a. Respondent's mother tongue Q2a. Respondent's mother tongue Q2a. Respondent's mother tongue Q2a. Respondent's mother tongue 1200 1100 9995 -1 Missing 1100 Haoussa 1101 Zarma/Songhay 1102 Fulfulde 1103 Tamasheq 1104 Kanouri 1105 Goumantchéma 1106 Arabe 1107 Toubou 9995 Other 9998 Refuse to Answer 9999 Don't Know Q2aother. Respondent's mother tongue (verbatim) Q2aother. Respondent's mother tongue (verbatim) Q2aother. Respondent's mother tongue (verbatim) Q2aother. Respondent's mother tongue (verbatim) Q2aother. Respondent's mother tongue (verbatim) 1200 BERIBERI DENDI KOURTE MANGA PORTIGUAIS Q2b. Language spoken in home Q2b. Language spoken in home Q2b. Language spoken in home Q2b. Language spoken in home Q2b. Language spoken in home 1200 1100 9995 -1 Missing 1100 Haoussa 1101 Zarma/Songhay 1102 Fulfulde 1103 Tamasheq 1104 Kanouri 1105 Goumantchéma 1106 Arabe 1107 Toubou 9995 Other 9998 Refuse to Answer 9999 Don't Know Q2bother. Language spoken in home (verbatim) Q2bother. Language spoken in home (verbatim) Q2bother. Language spoken in home (verbatim) Q2bother. Language spoken in home (verbatim) Q2bother. Language spoken in home (verbatim) 1200 DENDI FRANCAIS MANGA Q3. Overall direction of the country Q3. Overall direction of the country Q3. Overall direction of the country Q3. Overall direction of the country Q3. Overall direction of the country 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Going in the wrong direction 2 Going in the right direction 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q4a. Country’s present economic condition Q4a. Country’s present economic condition Q4a. Country’s present economic condition Q4a. Country’s present economic condition Q4a. Country’s present economic condition 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Bad 2 Fairly Bad 3 Neither good nor bad 4 Fairly Good 5 Very good 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q4b. Your present living conditions Q4b. Your present living conditions Q4b. Your present living conditions Q4b. Your present living conditions Q4b. Your present living conditions 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Bad 2 Fairly Bad 3 Neither good nor bad 4 Fairly Good 5 Very good 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q5. Your living conditions vs. others Q5. Your living conditions vs. others Q5. Your living conditions vs. others Q5. Your living conditions vs. others Q5. Your living conditions vs. others 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q6. Country’s economic condition compared to 12 months ago Q6. Country’s economic condition compared to 12 months ago Q6. Country’s economic condition compared to 12 months ago Q6. Country’s economic condition compared to 12 months ago Q6. Country’s economic condition compared to 12 months ago 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q7. Country’s economic condition in 12 months’ time Q7. Country’s economic condition in 12 months’ time Q7. Country’s economic condition in 12 months’ time Q7. Country’s economic condition in 12 months’ time Q7. Country’s economic condition in 12 months’ time 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q8a. How often gone without food Q8a. How often gone without food Q8a. How often gone without food Q8a. How often gone without food Q8a. How often gone without food 1200 4 -1 Missing Never 1 Just once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 4 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q8b. How often gone without water Q8b. How often gone without water Q8b. How often gone without water Q8b. How often gone without water Q8b. How often gone without water 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Just once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 4 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q8c. How often gone without medical care Q8c. How often gone without medical care Q8c. How often gone without medical care Q8c. How often gone without medical care Q8c. How often gone without medical care 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Just once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 4 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q8d. How often gone without cooking fuel Q8d. How often gone without cooking fuel Q8d. How often gone without cooking fuel Q8d. How often gone without cooking fuel Q8d. How often gone without cooking fuel 1200 4 -1 Missing Never 1 Just once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 4 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q8e. How often gone without cash income Q8e. How often gone without cash income Q8e. How often gone without cash income Q8e. How often gone without cash income Q8e. How often gone without cash income 1200 4 -1 Missing Never 1 Just once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 4 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q8f. Frequency going without basic necessities Q8f. Frequency going without basic necessities Q8f. Frequency going without basic necessities Q8f. Frequency going without basic necessities Q8f. Frequency going without basic necessities 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 About once every two or three months 2 About once a month 3 Two or three times a month 4 About once a week 5 Several times a week 6 Every day 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q9. How dependent on receiving remittances Q9. How dependent on receiving remittances Q9. How dependent on receiving remittances Q9. How dependent on receiving remittances Q9. How dependent on receiving remittances 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all / Does not receive remittances 1 A little bit 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q10a. How often felt unsafe walking in neighbourhood Q10a. How often felt unsafe walking in neighbourhood Q10a. How often felt unsafe walking in neighbourhood Q10a. How often felt unsafe walking in neighbourhood Q10a. How often felt unsafe walking in neighbourhood 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Just once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 4 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q10b. How often feared crime in home Q10b. How often feared crime in home Q10b. How often feared crime in home Q10b. How often feared crime in home Q10b. How often feared crime in home 1200 4 -1 Missing Never 1 Just once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 4 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q11a. Had something stolen from house Q11a. Had something stolen from house Q11a. Had something stolen from house Q11a. Had something stolen from house Q11a. Had something stolen from house 1200 3 -1 Missing No 1 Yes, once 2 Yes, twice 3 Yes, three or more times 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q11b. Have been physically attacked Q11b. Have been physically attacked Q11b. Have been physically attacked Q11b. Have been physically attacked Q11b. Have been physically attacked 1200 8 -1 Missing No 1 Yes, once 2 Yes, twice 3 Yes, three or more times 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q12a. Radio news Q12a. Radio news Q12a. Radio news Q12a. Radio news Q12a. Radio news 1200 4 -1 Missing Never 1 Less than once a month 2 A few times a month 3 A few times a week 4 Every day 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q12b. Television news Q12b. Television news Q12b. Television news Q12b. Television news Q12b. Television news 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Less than once a month 2 A few times a month 3 A few times a week 4 Every day 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q12c. Newspaper news Q12c. Newspaper news Q12c. Newspaper news Q12c. Newspaper news Q12c. Newspaper news 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Less than once a month 2 A few times a month 3 A few times a week 4 Every day 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q12d. Internet news Q12d. Internet news Q12d. Internet news Q12d. Internet news Q12d. Internet news 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Less than once a month 2 A few times a month 3 A few times a week 4 Every day 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q12e. Social media news Q12e. Social media news Q12e. Social media news Q12e. Social media news Q12e. Social media news 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Less than once a month 2 A few times a month 3 A few times a week 4 Every day 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q13. Discuss politics Q13. Discuss politics Q13. Discuss politics Q13. Discuss politics Q13. Discuss politics 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Occasionally 2 Frequently 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q14. Freedom to say what you think Q14. Freedom to say what you think Q14. Freedom to say what you think Q14. Freedom to say what you think Q14. Freedom to say what you think 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Not at all free 2 Not very free 3 Somewhat free 4 Completely free 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q15. Government bans organizations vs. join any Q15. Government bans organizations vs. join any Q15. Government bans organizations vs. join any Q15. Government bans organizations vs. join any Q15. Government bans organizations vs. join any 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q16. Men only as leaders vs. women leaders Q16. Men only as leaders vs. women leaders Q16. Men only as leaders vs. women leaders Q16. Men only as leaders vs. women leaders Q16. Men only as leaders vs. women leaders 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q17. Newspapers free to publish vs. government control Q17. Newspapers free to publish vs. government control Q17. Newspapers free to publish vs. government control Q17. Newspapers free to publish vs. government control Q17. Newspapers free to publish vs. government control 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q18a. Access to information: school budget Q18a. Access to information: school budget Q18a. Access to information: school budget Q18a. Access to information: school budget Q18a. Access to information: school budget 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q18b. Access to information: land ownership Q18b. Access to information: land ownership Q18b. Access to information: land ownership Q18b. Access to information: land ownership Q18b. Access to information: land ownership 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q18c. Access to information: local government development plan and budget Q18c. Access to information: local government development plan and budget Q18c. Access to information: local government development plan and budget Q18c. Access to information: local government development plan and budget Q18c. Access to information: local government development plan and budget 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q18d. Access to information: business registration Q18d. Access to information: business registration Q18d. Access to information: business registration Q18d. Access to information: business registration Q18d. Access to information: business registration 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q19a. Better or worse: freedom to say what you think Q19a. Better or worse: freedom to say what you think Q19a. Better or worse: freedom to say what you think Q19a. Better or worse: freedom to say what you think Q19a. Better or worse: freedom to say what you think 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much less freedom 2 Somewhat less freedom 3 Same 4 Somewhat more freedom 5 Much more freedom 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q19b. Better or worse: freedom to join political organizations Q19b. Better or worse: freedom to join political organizations Q19b. Better or worse: freedom to join political organizations Q19b. Better or worse: freedom to join political organizations Q19b. Better or worse: freedom to join political organizations 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much less freedom 2 Somewhat less freedom 3 Same 4 Somewhat more freedom 5 Much more freedom 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q19c. Better or worse: media freedom to investigate, report Q19c. Better or worse: media freedom to investigate, report Q19c. Better or worse: media freedom to investigate, report Q19c. Better or worse: media freedom to investigate, report Q19c. Better or worse: media freedom to investigate, report 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much less freedom 2 Somewhat less freedom 3 Same 4 Somewhat more freedom 5 Much more freedom 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q19d. Better or worse: freedom of NGOs/groups to speak, act Q19d. Better or worse: freedom of NGOs/groups to speak, act Q19d. Better or worse: freedom of NGOs/groups to speak, act Q19d. Better or worse: freedom of NGOs/groups to speak, act Q19d. Better or worse: freedom of NGOs/groups to speak, act 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much less freedom 2 Somewhat less freedom 3 Same 4 Somewhat more freedom 5 Much more freedom 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q19e. Better or worse: freedom of opposition to function Q19e. Better or worse: freedom of opposition to function Q19e. Better or worse: freedom of opposition to function Q19e. Better or worse: freedom of opposition to function Q19e. Better or worse: freedom of opposition to function 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much less freedom 2 Somewhat less freedom 3 Same 4 Somewhat more freedom 5 Much more freedom 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q20a. Member of religious group Q20a. Member of religious group Q20a. Member of religious group Q20a. Member of religious group Q20a. Member of religious group 1200 9 -1 Missing Not a Member 1 Inactive Member 2 Active Member 3 Official Leader 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q20b. Member of voluntary association or community group Q20b. Member of voluntary association or community group Q20b. Member of voluntary association or community group Q20b. Member of voluntary association or community group Q20b. Member of voluntary association or community group 1200 9 -1 Missing Not a Member 1 Inactive Member 2 Active Member 3 Official Leader 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q21a. Attend a community meeting Q21a. Attend a community meeting Q21a. Attend a community meeting Q21a. Attend a community meeting Q21a. Attend a community meeting 1200 9 -1 Missing No, would never do this 1 No, but would do if had the chance 2 Yes, once or twice 3 Yes, several times 4 Yes, often 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q21b. Join others to raise an issue Q21b. Join others to raise an issue Q21b. Join others to raise an issue Q21b. Join others to raise an issue Q21b. Join others to raise an issue 1200 9 -1 Missing No, would never do this 1 No, but would do if had the chance 2 Yes, once or twice 3 Yes, several times 4 Yes, often 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q22. Voting in the most recent national election Q22. Voting in the most recent national election Q22. Voting in the most recent national election Q22. Voting in the most recent national election Q22. Voting in the most recent national election 1200 9 -1 Missing You were not registered to vote 1 You voted in the elections 2 You decided not to vote 3 You could not find the polling station 4 You were prevented from voting 5 You did not have time to vote 6 You did not vote because your name not in the register 7 Did not vote for some other reason 8 You were too young to vote 9 Don’t know / Can’t remember 98 Refused Q23. Freeness and fairness of the last national election Q23. Freeness and fairness of the last national election Q23. Freeness and fairness of the last national election Q23. Freeness and fairness of the last national election Q23. Freeness and fairness of the last national election 1200 1 98 -1 Missing 1 Not free and fair 2 Free and fair, with major problems 3 Free and fair, but with minor problems 4 Completely free and fair 8 Do not understand question 9 Don’t know 98 Refused Q24a. Last national election: attend a campaign rally Q24a. Last national election: attend a campaign rally Q24a. Last national election: attend a campaign rally Q24a. Last national election: attend a campaign rally Q24a. Last national election: attend a campaign rally 1200 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q24b. Last national election: work for a candidate or party Q24b. Last national election: work for a candidate or party Q24b. Last national election: work for a candidate or party Q24b. Last national election: work for a candidate or party Q24b. Last national election: work for a candidate or party 1200 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q25a. Contact local government councillor Q25a. Contact local government councillor Q25a. Contact local government councillor Q25a. Contact local government councillor Q25a. Contact local government councillor 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Only once 2 A few times 3 Often 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q25b. Contact MP Q25b. Contact MP Q25b. Contact MP Q25b. Contact MP Q25b. Contact MP 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Only once 2 A few times 3 Often 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q25c. Contact official of a government agency Q25c. Contact official of a government agency Q25c. Contact official of a government agency Q25c. Contact official of a government agency Q25c. Contact official of a government agency 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Only once 2 A few times 3 Often 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q25d. Contact political party official Q25d. Contact political party official Q25d. Contact political party official Q25d. Contact political party official Q25d. Contact political party official 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Only once 2 A few times 3 Often 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q25e. Contact traditional leader Q25e. Contact traditional leader Q25e. Contact traditional leader Q25e. Contact traditional leader Q25e. Contact traditional leader 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Only once 2 A few times 3 Often 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q25f. Contact religious leader Q25f. Contact religious leader Q25f. Contact religious leader Q25f. Contact religious leader Q25f. Contact religious leader 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Only once 2 A few times 3 Often 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q26a. Join others to request government action Q26a. Join others to request government action Q26a. Join others to request government action Q26a. Join others to request government action Q26a. Join others to request government action 1200 9 -1 Missing No, would never do this 1 No, but would do if had the chance 2 Yes, once or twice 3 Yes, several times 4 Yes, often 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q26b. Contact media Q26b. Contact media Q26b. Contact media Q26b. Contact media Q26b. Contact media 1200 9 -1 Missing No, would never do this 1 No, but would do if had the chance 2 Yes, once or twice 3 Yes, several times 4 Yes, often 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q26c. Contact official for help Q26c. Contact official for help Q26c. Contact official for help Q26c. Contact official for help Q26c. Contact official for help 1200 9 -1 Missing No, would never do this 1 No, but would do if had the chance 2 Yes, once or twice 3 Yes, several times 4 Yes, often 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q26d. Refuse to pay tax or fee to government Q26d. Refuse to pay tax or fee to government Q26d. Refuse to pay tax or fee to government Q26d. Refuse to pay tax or fee to government Q26d. Refuse to pay tax or fee to government 1200 9 -1 Missing No, would never do this 1 No, but would do if had the chance 2 Yes, once or twice 3 Yes, several times 4 Yes, often 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q26e. Attend a demonstration or protest march Q26e. Attend a demonstration or protest march Q26e. Attend a demonstration or protest march Q26e. Attend a demonstration or protest march Q26e. Attend a demonstration or protest march 1200 9 -1 Missing No, would never do this 1 No, but would do if had the chance 2 Yes, once or twice 3 Yes, several times 4 Yes, often 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q27a. Reject one-party rule Q27a. Reject one-party rule Q27a. Reject one-party rule Q27a. Reject one-party rule Q27a. Reject one-party rule 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 4 Approve 5 Strongly Approve 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q27b. Reject military rule Q27b. Reject military rule Q27b. Reject military rule Q27b. Reject military rule Q27b. Reject military rule 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 4 Approve 5 Strongly Approve 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q27c. Reject one-man rule Q27c. Reject one-man rule Q27c. Reject one-man rule Q27c. Reject one-man rule Q27c. Reject one-man rule 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 4 Approve 5 Strongly Approve 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q28. Support for democracy Q28. Support for democracy Q28. Support for democracy Q28. Support for democracy Q28. Support for democracy 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 STATEMENT 3: Doesn't matter 2 STATEMENT 2: Sometimes non-democratic preferable 3 STATEMENT 1: Democracy preferable 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q29. Govt gets things done vs. Govt accountable to citizens Q29. Govt gets things done vs. Govt accountable to citizens Q29. Govt gets things done vs. Govt accountable to citizens Q29. Govt gets things done vs. Govt accountable to citizens Q29. Govt gets things done vs. Govt accountable to citizens 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q30. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods Q30. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods Q30. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods Q30. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods Q30. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q31. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed Q31. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed Q31. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed Q31. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed Q31. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q32. President monitored by parliament vs. free to act on own Q32. President monitored by parliament vs. free to act on own Q32. President monitored by parliament vs. free to act on own Q32. President monitored by parliament vs. free to act on own Q32. President monitored by parliament vs. free to act on own 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q33. President free to act vs. obey the laws and courts Q33. President free to act vs. obey the laws and courts Q33. President free to act vs. obey the laws and courts Q33. President free to act vs. obey the laws and courts Q33. President free to act vs. obey the laws and courts 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q34. Presidential two term limit vs. no term limits Q34. Presidential two term limit vs. no term limits Q34. Presidential two term limit vs. no term limits Q34. Presidential two term limit vs. no term limits Q34. Presidential two term limit vs. no term limits 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q35. Extent of democracy Q35. Extent of democracy Q35. Extent of democracy Q35. Extent of democracy Q35. Extent of democracy 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Not a democracy 2 A democracy, with major problems 3 A democracy, but with minor problems 4 A full democracy 8 Do not understand question / democracy 9 Don't know 98 Refused Q36. Satisfaction with democracy Q36. Satisfaction with democracy Q36. Satisfaction with democracy Q36. Satisfaction with democracy Q36. Satisfaction with democracy 1200 9 -1 Missing The country is not a democracy 1 Not at all satisfied 2 Not very satisfied 3 Fairly satisfied 4 Very satisfied 8 Refused 9 Do not know Q37. Obey government always vs. only if vote for it Q37. Obey government always vs. only if vote for it Q37. Obey government always vs. only if vote for it Q37. Obey government always vs. only if vote for it Q37. Obey government always vs. only if vote for it 1200 1 5 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q38a. Courts make binding decisions Q38a. Courts make binding decisions Q38a. Courts make binding decisions Q38a. Courts make binding decisions Q38a. Courts make binding decisions 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q38b. People must obey the law Q38b. People must obey the law Q38b. People must obey the law Q38b. People must obey the law Q38b. People must obey the law 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q38c. People must pay taxes Q38c. People must pay taxes Q38c. People must pay taxes Q38c. People must pay taxes Q38c. People must pay taxes 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q38d. Men have more right to job Q38d. Men have more right to job Q38d. Men have more right to job Q38d. Men have more right to job Q38d. Men have more right to job 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q38e. Women have equal right to land Q38e. Women have equal right to land Q38e. Women have equal right to land Q38e. Women have equal right to land Q38e. Women have equal right to land 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q38f. Better if woman takes care of household Q38f. Better if woman takes care of household Q38f. Better if woman takes care of household Q38f. Better if woman takes care of household Q38f. Better if woman takes care of household 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q38g. Government information for official use only Q38g. Government information for official use only Q38g. Government information for official use only Q38g. Government information for official use only Q38g. Government information for official use only 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q39a. How often party competition leads to conflict Q39a. How often party competition leads to conflict Q39a. How often party competition leads to conflict Q39a. How often party competition leads to conflict Q39a. How often party competition leads to conflict 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q39b. How often president ignores laws Q39b. How often president ignores laws Q39b. How often president ignores laws Q39b. How often president ignores laws Q39b. How often president ignores laws 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q39c. How often president ignores parliament Q39c. How often president ignores parliament Q39c. How often president ignores parliament Q39c. How often president ignores parliament Q39c. How often president ignores parliament 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q40. How much fear political intimidation or violence Q40. How much fear political intimidation or violence Q40. How much fear political intimidation or violence Q40. How much fear political intimidation or violence Q40. How much fear political intimidation or violence 1200 9 -1 Missing A lot 1 Somewhat 2 A little bit 3 Not at all 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q41. Elections: opposition prevented from running Q41. Elections: opposition prevented from running Q41. Elections: opposition prevented from running Q41. Elections: opposition prevented from running Q41. Elections: opposition prevented from running 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Sometimes 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q42a. How often careful what you say Q42a. How often careful what you say Q42a. How often careful what you say Q42a. How often careful what you say Q42a. How often careful what you say 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q42b. How often careful which organisations joined Q42b. How often careful which organisations joined Q42b. How often careful which organisations joined Q42b. How often careful which organisations joined Q42b. How often careful which organisations joined 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q42c. How often careful how vote Q42c. How often careful how vote Q42c. How often careful how vote Q42c. How often careful how vote Q42c. How often careful how vote 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q42d. How often people treated unequally Q42d. How often people treated unequally Q42d. How often people treated unequally Q42d. How often people treated unequally Q42d. How often people treated unequally 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q42e. How often officials unpunished Q42e. How often officials unpunished Q42e. How often officials unpunished Q42e. How often officials unpunished Q42e. How often officials unpunished 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q42f. How often ordinary people unpunished Q42f. How often ordinary people unpunished Q42f. How often ordinary people unpunished Q42f. How often ordinary people unpunished Q42f. How often ordinary people unpunished 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Rarely 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q43a. Trust president Q43a. Trust president Q43a. Trust president Q43a. Trust president Q43a. Trust president 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43b. Trust parliament/national assembly Q43b. Trust parliament/national assembly Q43b. Trust parliament/national assembly Q43b. Trust parliament/national assembly Q43b. Trust parliament/national assembly 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43c. Trust national electoral commission Q43c. Trust national electoral commission Q43c. Trust national electoral commission Q43c. Trust national electoral commission Q43c. Trust national electoral commission 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43d. Trust your elected local government council Q43d. Trust your elected local government council Q43d. Trust your elected local government council Q43d. Trust your elected local government council Q43d. Trust your elected local government council 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43e. Trust the ruling party Q43e. Trust the ruling party Q43e. Trust the ruling party Q43e. Trust the ruling party Q43e. Trust the ruling party 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43f. Trust opposition political parties Q43f. Trust opposition political parties Q43f. Trust opposition political parties Q43f. Trust opposition political parties Q43f. Trust opposition political parties 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43g. Trust police Q43g. Trust police Q43g. Trust police Q43g. Trust police Q43g. Trust police 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43h. Trust army Q43h. Trust army Q43h. Trust army Q43h. Trust army Q43h. Trust army 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43i. Trust courts of law Q43i. Trust courts of law Q43i. Trust courts of law Q43i. Trust courts of law Q43i. Trust courts of law 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43j. Trust traditional leaders Q43j. Trust traditional leaders Q43j. Trust traditional leaders Q43j. Trust traditional leaders Q43j. Trust traditional leaders 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q43k. Trust religious leaders Q43k. Trust religious leaders Q43k. Trust religious leaders Q43k. Trust religious leaders Q43k. Trust religious leaders 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 Just a little 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough Q44a. Corruption: office of the Presidency Q44a. Corruption: office of the Presidency Q44a. Corruption: office of the Presidency Q44a. Corruption: office of the Presidency Q44a. Corruption: office of the Presidency 1200 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44b. Corruption: Members of Parliament Q44b. Corruption: Members of Parliament Q44b. Corruption: Members of Parliament Q44b. Corruption: Members of Parliament Q44b. Corruption: Members of Parliament 1200 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44c. Corruption: government officials Q44c. Corruption: government officials Q44c. Corruption: government officials Q44c. Corruption: government officials Q44c. Corruption: government officials 1200 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44d. Corruption: local government councillors Q44d. Corruption: local government councillors Q44d. Corruption: local government councillors Q44d. Corruption: local government councillors Q44d. Corruption: local government councillors 1200 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44e. Corruption: police Q44e. Corruption: police Q44e. Corruption: police Q44e. Corruption: police Q44e. Corruption: police 1200 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44f. Corruption: judges and magistrates Q44f. Corruption: judges and magistrates Q44f. Corruption: judges and magistrates Q44f. Corruption: judges and magistrates Q44f. Corruption: judges and magistrates 1200 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44g. Corruption: traditional leaders Q44g. Corruption: traditional leaders Q44g. Corruption: traditional leaders Q44g. Corruption: traditional leaders Q44g. Corruption: traditional leaders 1200 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44h. Corruption: religious leaders Q44h. Corruption: religious leaders Q44h. Corruption: religious leaders Q44h. Corruption: religious leaders Q44h. Corruption: religious leaders 1200 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44i. Corruption: business executives Q44i. Corruption: business executives Q44i. Corruption: business executives Q44i. Corruption: business executives Q44i. Corruption: business executives 1200 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q44j. Corruption: non-governmental organisations Q44j. Corruption: non-governmental organisations Q44j. Corruption: non-governmental organisations Q44j. Corruption: non-governmental organisations Q44j. Corruption: non-governmental organisations 1200 9 -1 Missing None 1 Some of them 2 Most of them 3 All of them 8 Refused 9 Don't know/ Haven’t heard Q45. Level of corruption Q45. Level of corruption Q45. Level of corruption Q45. Level of corruption Q45. Level of corruption 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Increased a lot 2 Increased somewhat 3 Stayed the same 4 Decreased somewhat 5 Decreased a lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q46. Ordinary people can fight corruption Q46. Ordinary people can fight corruption Q46. Ordinary people can fight corruption Q46. Ordinary people can fight corruption Q46. Ordinary people can fight corruption 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q47. Ordinary people can report corruption without fear Q47. Ordinary people can report corruption without fear Q47. Ordinary people can report corruption without fear Q47. Ordinary people can report corruption without fear Q47. Ordinary people can report corruption without fear 1200 9 -1 Missing Can report without fear 1 Risk retaliation 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q48a. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid taxes Q48a. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid taxes Q48a. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid taxes Q48a. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid taxes Q48a. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid taxes 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q48b. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid going to court Q48b. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid going to court Q48b. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid going to court Q48b. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid going to court Q48b. Ordinary person: pay bribe to avoid going to court 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q48c. Ordinary person: pay bribe to register land not theirs Q48c. Ordinary person: pay bribe to register land not theirs Q48c. Ordinary person: pay bribe to register land not theirs Q48c. Ordinary person: pay bribe to register land not theirs Q48c. Ordinary person: pay bribe to register land not theirs 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q48d. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid taxes Q48d. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid taxes Q48d. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid taxes Q48d. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid taxes Q48d. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid taxes 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q48e. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid going to court Q48e. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid going to court Q48e. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid going to court Q48e. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid going to court Q48e. Rich person: pay bribe to avoid going to court 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q48f. Rich person: pay bribe to register land not theirs Q48f. Rich person: pay bribe to register land not theirs Q48f. Rich person: pay bribe to register land not theirs Q48f. Rich person: pay bribe to register land not theirs Q48f. Rich person: pay bribe to register land not theirs 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q49a. Contact with public school Q49a. Contact with public school Q49a. Contact with public school Q49a. Contact with public school Q49a. Contact with public school 1200 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49b. Difficulty to obtain public school services Q49b. Difficulty to obtain public school services Q49b. Difficulty to obtain public school services Q49b. Difficulty to obtain public school services Q49b. Difficulty to obtain public school services 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very easy 2 Easy 3 Difficult 4 Very Difficult 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49c. Pay bribe for public school services Q49c. Pay bribe for public school services Q49c. Pay bribe for public school services Q49c. Pay bribe for public school services Q49c. Pay bribe for public school services 1200 7 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 A few times 3 Often 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49d. Contact with public clinic or hospital Q49d. Contact with public clinic or hospital Q49d. Contact with public clinic or hospital Q49d. Contact with public clinic or hospital Q49d. Contact with public clinic or hospital 1200 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49e. Difficulty to obtain medical care Q49e. Difficulty to obtain medical care Q49e. Difficulty to obtain medical care Q49e. Difficulty to obtain medical care Q49e. Difficulty to obtain medical care 1200 1 7 -1 Missing 1 Very easy 2 Easy 3 Difficult 4 Very Difficult 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49f. Time taken to receive medical care Q49f. Time taken to receive medical care Q49f. Time taken to receive medical care Q49f. Time taken to receive medical care Q49f. Time taken to receive medical care 1200 7 -1 Missing Never 1 After a long time 2 After a short time 3 Right away 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49g. Pay bribe for medical care Q49g. Pay bribe for medical care Q49g. Pay bribe for medical care Q49g. Pay bribe for medical care Q49g. Pay bribe for medical care 1200 8 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 A few times 3 Often 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49h. Tried to obtain identity document Q49h. Tried to obtain identity document Q49h. Tried to obtain identity document Q49h. Tried to obtain identity document Q49h. Tried to obtain identity document 1200 1 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49i. Difficulty to obtain identity document Q49i. Difficulty to obtain identity document Q49i. Difficulty to obtain identity document Q49i. Difficulty to obtain identity document Q49i. Difficulty to obtain identity document 1200 1 7 -1 Missing 1 Very easy 2 Easy 3 Difficult 4 Very Difficult 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49j. Time taken to obtain identity document Q49j. Time taken to obtain identity document Q49j. Time taken to obtain identity document Q49j. Time taken to obtain identity document Q49j. Time taken to obtain identity document 1200 7 -1 Missing Never 1 After a long time 2 After a short time 3 Right away 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49k. Pay bribe for identity document Q49k. Pay bribe for identity document Q49k. Pay bribe for identity document Q49k. Pay bribe for identity document Q49k. Pay bribe for identity document 1200 7 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 A few times 3 Often 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49l. Tried to obtain household services Q49l. Tried to obtain household services Q49l. Tried to obtain household services Q49l. Tried to obtain household services Q49l. Tried to obtain household services 1200 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49m. Difficulty to obtain household services Q49m. Difficulty to obtain household services Q49m. Difficulty to obtain household services Q49m. Difficulty to obtain household services Q49m. Difficulty to obtain household services 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very easy 2 Easy 3 Difficult 4 Very Difficult 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49n. Pay bribe for household services Q49n. Pay bribe for household services Q49n. Pay bribe for household services Q49n. Pay bribe for household services Q49n. Pay bribe for household services 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 A few times 3 Often 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49o. Requested police assistance Q49o. Requested police assistance Q49o. Requested police assistance Q49o. Requested police assistance Q49o. Requested police assistance 1200 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49p. Difficulty to obtain police assistance Q49p. Difficulty to obtain police assistance Q49p. Difficulty to obtain police assistance Q49p. Difficulty to obtain police assistance Q49p. Difficulty to obtain police assistance 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very easy 2 Easy 3 Difficult 4 Very Difficult 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49q. Time taken to receive police assistance Q49q. Time taken to receive police assistance Q49q. Time taken to receive police assistance Q49q. Time taken to receive police assistance Q49q. Time taken to receive police assistance 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 After a long time 2 After a short time 3 Right away 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49r. Pay bribe to receive police assistance Q49r. Pay bribe to receive police assistance Q49r. Pay bribe to receive police assistance Q49r. Pay bribe to receive police assistance Q49r. Pay bribe to receive police assistance 1200 7 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 A few times 3 Often 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49s. Contact with police in other situations Q49s. Contact with police in other situations Q49s. Contact with police in other situations Q49s. Contact with police in other situations Q49s. Contact with police in other situations 1200 3 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 A few times 3 Often 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q49t. Pay bribe to avoid problem with police Q49t. Pay bribe to avoid problem with police Q49t. Pay bribe to avoid problem with police Q49t. Pay bribe to avoid problem with police Q49t. Pay bribe to avoid problem with police 1200 7 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 A few times 3 Often 7 No contact 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q50. Respected by public officials Q50. Respected by public officials Q50. Respected by public officials Q50. Respected by public officials Q50. Respected by public officials 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all 1 A little bit 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q51. Treatment by public officials compared to others Q51. Treatment by public officials compared to others Q51. Treatment by public officials compared to others Q51. Treatment by public officials compared to others Q51. Treatment by public officials compared to others 1200 9 -1 Missing Much Worse 1 Worse 2 Same 3 Better 4 Much Better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q52. Get correct amount when buying grain Q52. Get correct amount when buying grain Q52. Get correct amount when buying grain Q52. Get correct amount when buying grain Q52. Get correct amount when buying grain 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Sometimes 2 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q53a. Likelihood of response: reporting teacher misconduct Q53a. Likelihood of response: reporting teacher misconduct Q53a. Likelihood of response: reporting teacher misconduct Q53a. Likelihood of response: reporting teacher misconduct Q53a. Likelihood of response: reporting teacher misconduct 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q53b. Likelihood of response: reporting corruption Q53b. Likelihood of response: reporting corruption Q53b. Likelihood of response: reporting corruption Q53b. Likelihood of response: reporting corruption Q53b. Likelihood of response: reporting corruption 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q53c. Likelihood of response: reporting crime Q53c. Likelihood of response: reporting crime Q53c. Likelihood of response: reporting crime Q53c. Likelihood of response: reporting crime Q53c. Likelihood of response: reporting crime 1200 9 -1 Missing Not at all likely 1 Not very likely 2 Somewhat likely 3 Very likely 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard Q54a. MPs listen Q54a. MPs listen Q54a. MPs listen Q54a. MPs listen Q54a. MPs listen 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Only Sometimes 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q54b. Local government councillors listen Q54b. Local government councillors listen Q54b. Local government councillors listen Q54b. Local government councillors listen Q54b. Local government councillors listen 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Only Sometimes 2 Often 3 Always 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q55pt1. Most important problems - 1st response Q55pt1. Most important problems - 1st response Q55pt1. Most important problems - 1st response Q55pt1. Most important problems - 1st response Q55pt1. Most important problems - 1st response 1200 9999 -1 Missing Nothing/ no problems 1 Management of the economy 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 3 Unemployment 4 Poverty/destitution 5 Rates and Taxes 6 Loans / credit 7 Farming/agriculture 8 Food shortage/famine 9 Drought 10 Land 11 Transportation 12 Communications 13 Infrastructure / roads 14 Education 15 Housing 16 Electricity 17 Water supply 18 Orphans/street children/homeless children 19 Services (other) 20 Health 21 AIDS 22 Sickness / Disease 23 Crime and Security 24 Corruption 25 Political violence 26 Political instability / ethnic tensions 27 Discrimination/ inequality 28 Gender issues / women’s rights 29 Democracy/political rights 30 War (international) 31 Civil war 32 Agricultural marketing 9995 Other 9998 Refused 9999 Don’t know Q55pt1other. MIP - 1st response (verbatim other) Q55pt1other. MIP - 1st response (verbatim other) Q55pt1other. MIP - 1st response (verbatim other) Q55pt1other. MIP - 1st response (verbatim other) Q55pt1other. MIP - 1st response (verbatim other) 1200 FACILITE L'ACCES DES CARRIERES D'OR AUX COMMUNAUTES LES AGENTS DE SANTÉ SONT JUSQU'À LÀ EN PAYE IL YA 8 MOIS MOTOPOMPE MOULIN PRESENCE DES KORIS DANS LE VILLAGE RECONSTRUCTION D UNE NOUVELLE MOSQUEE SI POSSIBLE SÉCHERESSE VIE CHERE Q55pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response Q55pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response Q55pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response Q55pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response Q55pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response 1200 1 9996 -1 Missing 1 Management of the economy 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 3 Unemployment 4 Poverty/destitution 5 Rates and Taxes 6 Loans / credit 7 Farming/agriculture 8 Food shortage/famine 9 Drought 10 Land 11 Transportation 12 Communications 13 Infrastructure / roads 14 Education 15 Housing 16 Electricity 17 Water supply 18 Orphans/street children/homeless children 19 Services (other) 20 Health 21 AIDS 22 Sickness / Disease 23 Crime and Security 24 Corruption 25 Political violence 26 Political instability / ethnic tensions 27 Discrimination/ inequality 28 Gender issues / women’s rights 29 Democracy/political rights 30 War (international) 31 Civil war 32 Agricultural marketing 9995 Other 9996 No further reply 9998 Refused Q55pt2other. MIP - 2nd response (verbatim other) Q55pt2other. MIP - 2nd response (verbatim other) Q55pt2other. MIP - 2nd response (verbatim other) Q55pt2other. MIP - 2nd response (verbatim other) Q55pt2other. MIP - 2nd response (verbatim other) 1200 BANQUE ALIMENTS BÉTAILS BANQUES ALIMENTS BETAILS BESOIN DES ANIMAUX ÉLEVAGE GENRE POUR LA CULTURE DE CONTRE SAISON(PIMENT VERT, AUBERGINE, CAROTTES, ETC ) GRAIN POUR LA SEMENCE IMPUNITE INEGALITE ENTRE LES PAUVRE ET LES RICHES LA MÉVENTE LE JARDIN DES FEMMES A BESOIN D'UN POINT D'EAU LES HABITS LES POLICIERS ET GENDARMES PRENNENT DE L ARGENT MEME SI SE POUR ALLER AU CHAMPS MANQUE BÉTAIL POUR L'ELEVAGE MANQUE DE GRANDE MOSQUEE MANQUE DE MOULIN MANQUE DEGRANDE MOSQUEÉ DANS LE VILLAGE MATERIELS POUR AGRICOLES MOSQUÉE MOULIN MOULIN A GRAIN MOULINS PÂTURAGE PRISE EN CHARGE DE VIEILLARDS PROBLÈME D INTÈGRATION PROSTITUTION TRANSITE DOUNIERE A REVOIR VENTE A PRIX MODERE Q55pt3. Most important problems - 3rd response Q55pt3. Most important problems - 3rd response Q55pt3. Most important problems - 3rd response Q55pt3. Most important problems - 3rd response Q55pt3. Most important problems - 3rd response 1200 1 9996 -1 Missing 1 Management of the economy 2 Wages, incomes and salaries 3 Unemployment 4 Poverty/destitution 5 Rates and Taxes 6 Loans / credit 7 Farming/agriculture 8 Food shortage/famine 9 Drought 10 Land 11 Transportation 12 Communications 13 Infrastructure / roads 14 Education 15 Housing 16 Electricity 17 Water supply 18 Orphans/street children/homeless children 19 Services (other) 20 Health 21 AIDS 22 Sickness / Disease 23 Crime and Security 24 Corruption 25 Political violence 26 Political instability / ethnic tensions 27 Discrimination/ inequality 28 Gender issues / women’s rights 29 Democracy/political rights 30 War (international) 31 Civil war 32 Agricultural marketing 9995 Other 9996 No further reply 9998 Refused Q55pt3other. MIP - 3rd response (verbatim other) Q55pt3other. MIP - 3rd response (verbatim other) Q55pt3other. MIP - 3rd response (verbatim other) Q55pt3other. MIP - 3rd response (verbatim other) Q55pt3other. MIP - 3rd response (verbatim other) 1200 Q56a. Handling managing the economy Q56a. Handling managing the economy Q56a. Handling managing the economy Q56a. Handling managing the economy Q56a. Handling managing the economy 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56b. Handling improving living standards of the poor Q56b. Handling improving living standards of the poor Q56b. Handling improving living standards of the poor Q56b. Handling improving living standards of the poor Q56b. Handling improving living standards of the poor 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56c. Handling creating jobs Q56c. Handling creating jobs Q56c. Handling creating jobs Q56c. Handling creating jobs Q56c. Handling creating jobs 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56d. Handling keeping prices stable Q56d. Handling keeping prices stable Q56d. Handling keeping prices stable Q56d. Handling keeping prices stable Q56d. Handling keeping prices stable 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56e. Handling narrowing income gaps Q56e. Handling narrowing income gaps Q56e. Handling narrowing income gaps Q56e. Handling narrowing income gaps Q56e. Handling narrowing income gaps 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56f. Handling reducing crime Q56f. Handling reducing crime Q56f. Handling reducing crime Q56f. Handling reducing crime Q56f. Handling reducing crime 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56g. Handling improving basic health services Q56g. Handling improving basic health services Q56g. Handling improving basic health services Q56g. Handling improving basic health services Q56g. Handling improving basic health services 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56h. Handling addressing educational needs Q56h. Handling addressing educational needs Q56h. Handling addressing educational needs Q56h. Handling addressing educational needs Q56h. Handling addressing educational needs 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56i. Handling providing water and sanitation services Q56i. Handling providing water and sanitation services Q56i. Handling providing water and sanitation services Q56i. Handling providing water and sanitation services Q56i. Handling providing water and sanitation services 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56j. Handling ensuring enough to eat Q56j. Handling ensuring enough to eat Q56j. Handling ensuring enough to eat Q56j. Handling ensuring enough to eat Q56j. Handling ensuring enough to eat 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56k. Handling fighting corruption Q56k. Handling fighting corruption Q56k. Handling fighting corruption Q56k. Handling fighting corruption Q56k. Handling fighting corruption 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56l. Handling maintaining roads and bridges Q56l. Handling maintaining roads and bridges Q56l. Handling maintaining roads and bridges Q56l. Handling maintaining roads and bridges Q56l. Handling maintaining roads and bridges 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56m. Handling providing reliable electric supply Q56m. Handling providing reliable electric supply Q56m. Handling providing reliable electric supply Q56m. Handling providing reliable electric supply Q56m. Handling providing reliable electric supply 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56n. Handling preventing election violence Q56n. Handling preventing election violence Q56n. Handling preventing election violence Q56n. Handling preventing election violence Q56n. Handling preventing election violence 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56o. Handling preventing or resolving violent community conflict Q56o. Handling preventing or resolving violent community conflict Q56o. Handling preventing or resolving violent community conflict Q56o. Handling preventing or resolving violent community conflict Q56o. Handling preventing or resolving violent community conflict 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56p. Handling countering violence from armed extremists Q56p. Handling countering violence from armed extremists Q56p. Handling countering violence from armed extremists Q56p. Handling countering violence from armed extremists Q56p. Handling countering violence from armed extremists 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56q. Handling promoting equal rights/opportunities for women Q56q. Handling promoting equal rights/opportunities for women Q56q. Handling promoting equal rights/opportunities for women Q56q. Handling promoting equal rights/opportunities for women Q56q. Handling promoting equal rights/opportunities for women 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56r. Handling addressing needs of youth Q56r. Handling addressing needs of youth Q56r. Handling addressing needs of youth Q56r. Handling addressing needs of youth Q56r. Handling addressing needs of youth 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q56s. Handling protecting rights, promoting opportunities for disabled Q56s. Handling protecting rights, promoting opportunities for disabled Q56s. Handling protecting rights, promoting opportunities for disabled Q56s. Handling protecting rights, promoting opportunities for disabled Q56s. Handling protecting rights, promoting opportunities for disabled 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very Badly 2 Fairly Badly 3 Fairly Well 4 Very Well 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q57a. Better or worse: access to medical care Q57a. Better or worse: access to medical care Q57a. Better or worse: access to medical care Q57a. Better or worse: access to medical care Q57a. Better or worse: access to medical care 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q57b. Better or worse: personal safety Q57b. Better or worse: personal safety Q57b. Better or worse: personal safety Q57b. Better or worse: personal safety Q57b. Better or worse: personal safety 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q57c. Better or worse: government effectiveness on education Q57c. Better or worse: government effectiveness on education Q57c. Better or worse: government effectiveness on education Q57c. Better or worse: government effectiveness on education Q57c. Better or worse: government effectiveness on education 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q57d. Better or worse: get assistance from police Q57d. Better or worse: get assistance from police Q57d. Better or worse: get assistance from police Q57d. Better or worse: get assistance from police Q57d. Better or worse: get assistance from police 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q57e. Better or worse: government assists people to resolve problems Q57e. Better or worse: government assists people to resolve problems Q57e. Better or worse: government assists people to resolve problems Q57e. Better or worse: government assists people to resolve problems Q57e. Better or worse: government assists people to resolve problems 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q57f. Better or worse: MPs listen Q57f. Better or worse: MPs listen Q57f. Better or worse: MPs listen Q57f. Better or worse: MPs listen Q57f. Better or worse: MPs listen 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q57g. Better or worse: equal opportunities and treatment for women Q57g. Better or worse: equal opportunities and treatment for women Q57g. Better or worse: equal opportunities and treatment for women Q57g. Better or worse: equal opportunities and treatment for women Q57g. Better or worse: equal opportunities and treatment for women 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 Same 4 Better 5 Much better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q58a. Performance: President Q58a. Performance: President Q58a. Performance: President Q58a. Performance: President Q58a. Performance: President 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Approve 4 Strongly Approve 8 Refused 9 Don’t know / haven't heard enough Q58b. Performance: MP/National Assembly rep Q58b. Performance: MP/National Assembly rep Q58b. Performance: MP/National Assembly rep Q58b. Performance: MP/National Assembly rep Q58b. Performance: MP/National Assembly rep 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Approve 4 Strongly Approve 8 Refused 9 Don’t know / haven't heard enough Q58c. Performance: local government councillor Q58c. Performance: local government councillor Q58c. Performance: local government councillor Q58c. Performance: local government councillor Q58c. Performance: local government councillor 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Approve 4 Strongly Approve 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know / haven't heard enough Q58d. Performance: traditional leader Q58d. Performance: traditional leader Q58d. Performance: traditional leader Q58d. Performance: traditional leader Q58d. Performance: traditional leader 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Approve 4 Strongly Approve 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know / haven't heard enough Q58e. Performance: your Mayor Q58e. Performance: your Mayor Q58e. Performance: your Mayor Q58e. Performance: your Mayor Q58e. Performance: your Mayor 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Approve 4 Strongly Approve 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know / haven't heard enough Q59a. Who responsible: MPs do jobs Q59a. Who responsible: MPs do jobs Q59a. Who responsible: MPs do jobs Q59a. Who responsible: MPs do jobs Q59a. Who responsible: MPs do jobs 1200 9 -1 Missing The President / Executive 1 The Parliament / County Assembly 2 Their Political Party 3 The Voters 4 No One 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q59b. Who responsible: local councillors do jobs Q59b. Who responsible: local councillors do jobs Q59b. Who responsible: local councillors do jobs Q59b. Who responsible: local councillors do jobs Q59b. Who responsible: local councillors do jobs 1200 9 -1 Missing The President / Executive 1 The Parliament / County Assembly 2 Their Political Party 3 The Voters 4 No One 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q59c. Who responsible: president does job Q59c. Who responsible: president does job Q59c. Who responsible: president does job Q59c. Who responsible: president does job Q59c. Who responsible: president does job 1200 9 -1 Missing The President / Executive 1 The Parliament / County Assembly 2 Their Political Party 3 The Voters 4 No One 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q60a. Feared violence in neighbourhood Q60a. Feared violence in neighbourhood Q60a. Feared violence in neighbourhood Q60a. Feared violence in neighbourhood Q60a. Feared violence in neighbourhood 1200 9 -1 Missing No, Never 1 Yes, feared but didn't experience 2 Yes, Feared and experienced 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q60b. Feared violence at political event Q60b. Feared violence at political event Q60b. Feared violence at political event Q60b. Feared violence at political event Q60b. Feared violence at political event 1200 9 -1 Missing No, Never 1 Yes, feared but didn't experience 2 Yes, Feared and experienced 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q60c. Feared violence during public protest Q60c. Feared violence during public protest Q60c. Feared violence during public protest Q60c. Feared violence during public protest Q60c. Feared violence during public protest 1200 9 -1 Missing No, Never 1 Yes, feared but didn't experience 2 Yes, Feared and experienced 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q60d. Feared violence by extremists Q60d. Feared violence by extremists Q60d. Feared violence by extremists Q60d. Feared violence by extremists Q60d. Feared violence by extremists 1200 9 -1 Missing No, Never 1 Yes, feared but didn't experience 2 Yes, Feared and experienced 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q61a. Armed forces protect from security threats Q61a. Armed forces protect from security threats Q61a. Armed forces protect from security threats Q61a. Armed forces protect from security threats Q61a. Armed forces protect from security threats 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Never 2 Rarely 3 Sometimes 4 Often 5 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q61b. Armed forces get necessary resources Q61b. Armed forces get necessary resources Q61b. Armed forces get necessary resources Q61b. Armed forces get necessary resources Q61b. Armed forces get necessary resources 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Never 2 Rarely 3 Sometimes 4 Often 5 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q61c. Armed forces are professional and respectful to citizens Q61c. Armed forces are professional and respectful to citizens Q61c. Armed forces are professional and respectful to citizens Q61c. Armed forces are professional and respectful to citizens Q61c. Armed forces are professional and respectful to citizens 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Never 2 Rarely 3 Sometimes 4 Often 5 Always 8 Refused 9 Don't know / Haven’t heard enough Q62. Free to move when public security threatened vs impose curfews Q62. Free to move when public security threatened vs impose curfews Q62. Free to move when public security threatened vs impose curfews Q62. Free to move when public security threatened vs impose curfews Q62. Free to move when public security threatened vs impose curfews 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q63. Government should monitor private communication vs right to privacy Q63. Government should monitor private communication vs right to privacy Q63. Government should monitor private communication vs right to privacy Q63. Government should monitor private communication vs right to privacy Q63. Government should monitor private communication vs right to privacy 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q64 Absolute freedom of religion vs government regulates what is said Q64 Absolute freedom of religion vs government regulates what is said Q64 Absolute freedom of religion vs government regulates what is said Q64 Absolute freedom of religion vs government regulates what is said Q64 Absolute freedom of religion vs government regulates what is said 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q65. Country governed by religious law vs secular law Q65. Country governed by religious law vs secular law Q65. Country governed by religious law vs secular law Q65. Country governed by religious law vs secular law Q65. Country governed by religious law vs secular law 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Agree very strongly with 1 2 Agree with 1 3 Agree with 2 4 Agree very strongly with 2 5 Agree with neither 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q66. Difficulty to move across borders Q66. Difficulty to move across borders Q66. Difficulty to move across borders Q66. Difficulty to move across borders Q66. Difficulty to move across borders 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Very difficult 2 Difficult 3 Easy 4 Very easy 7 Never try 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q67. Lived outside country Q67. Lived outside country Q67. Lived outside country Q67. Lived outside country Q67. Lived outside country 1200 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q68a. Considered emigration to other country Q68a. Considered emigration to other country Q68a. Considered emigration to other country Q68a. Considered emigration to other country Q68a. Considered emigration to other country 1200 3 -1 Missing Not at all 1 A little bit 2 Somewhat 3 A lot 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q68b. Planned emigration to other country Q68b. Planned emigration to other country Q68b. Planned emigration to other country Q68b. Planned emigration to other country Q68b. Planned emigration to other country 1200 9 -1 Missing You are not currently making any specific plans or preparations 1 You are planning to move in the next year or two but not yet making preparations 2 You are currently making preparations to move, like getting a visa 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q69. Most likely country for emigration Q69. Most likely country for emigration Q69. Most likely country for emigration Q69. Most likely country for emigration Q69. Most likely country for emigration 1200 1 99 -1 Missing 1 Ivory Coast 2 Another country in West Africa 3 Elsewhere in Africa 4 Europe 5 North America 6 Central/South America 7 Middle East 8 Asia 9 Australia 10 Outside of Africa 97 Not applicable 98 Refused 99 Don't know Q70. Most important reason for emigrating Q70. Most important reason for emigrating Q70. Most important reason for emigrating Q70. Most important reason for emigrating Q70. Most important reason for emigrating 1200 1 9997 -1 Missing 1 Find work 2 Economic hardship 3 Lower taxes at destination 4 Poverty 5 Poor infrastructure/ services 6 Better business prospects 7 Natural Disasters 8 Better democratic environment 9 Political persecution 10 Religious persecution 11 Civil war 12 Crime 13 Better schools 14 Better medical services 15 To pursue an education 16 To accompany family members who are moving for work 17 To join spouse/ family members who have already migrated 18 Travel/tourism/adventure/experience other cultures 9995 Other 9997 Not applicable 9998 Refused 9999 Don’t know Q70other. Most important reason for emigrating (verbatim) Q70other. Most important reason for emigrating (verbatim) Q70other. Most important reason for emigrating (verbatim) Q70other. Most important reason for emigrating (verbatim) Q70other. Most important reason for emigrating (verbatim) 1200 RELIGION Q71. Climate conditions compared to ten years ago Q71. Climate conditions compared to ten years ago Q71. Climate conditions compared to ten years ago Q71. Climate conditions compared to ten years ago Q71. Climate conditions compared to ten years ago 1200 9 -1 Missing No experience 1 Much worse 2 Worse 3 About the same 4 Better 5 Much better 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven’t heard enough to say Q72a. Severity of droughts Q72a. Severity of droughts Q72a. Severity of droughts Q72a. Severity of droughts Q72a. Severity of droughts 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much more severe 2 Somewhat more severe 3 Stayed the same 4 Somewhat less severe 5 Much less severe 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q72b. Severity of flooding Q72b. Severity of flooding Q72b. Severity of flooding Q72b. Severity of flooding Q72b. Severity of flooding 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much more severe 2 Somewhat more severe 3 Stayed the same 4 Somewhat less severe 5 Much less severe 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q73a. Heard about climate change Q73a. Heard about climate change Q73a. Heard about climate change Q73a. Heard about climate change Q73a. Heard about climate change 1200 9 -1 Missing No 1 Yes 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/Haven't heard enough Q73b. Climage change: meaning Q73b. Climage change: meaning Q73b. Climage change: meaning Q73b. Climage change: meaning Q73b. Climage change: meaning 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Negative changes in the weather 2 Positive changes in the weather 3 Other changes in weather patterns 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know/ Haven’t heard enough Q74. Climate change: main cause Q74. Climate change: main cause Q74. Climate change: main cause Q74. Climate change: main cause Q74. Climate change: main cause 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Human Activity 2 Natural processes 3 Both human activity and natural processes 4 None of these 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know / Haven’t heard enough Q75. Climate change: affecting country Q75. Climate change: affecting country Q75. Climate change: affecting country Q75. Climate change: affecting country Q75. Climate change: affecting country 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Much better 2 Somewhat better 3 Neither/ no change / about the same 4 Somewhat worse 5 Much worse 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know / Haven’t heard enough to say Q76. Climate change needs to be stopped? By ordinary people? Q76. Climate change needs to be stopped? By ordinary people? Q76. Climate change needs to be stopped? By ordinary people? Q76. Climate change needs to be stopped? By ordinary people? Q76. Climate change needs to be stopped? By ordinary people? 1200 9 -1 Missing No, climate change doesn’t need to be stopped 1 Yes, Ordinary Nigeriens can do nothing at all 2 Yes, Ordinary Nigeriens can do a little bit 3 Yes, Ordinary Nigeriens can do a lot 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q77a. Girls and boys have equal chance at education Q77a. Girls and boys have equal chance at education Q77a. Girls and boys have equal chance at education Q77a. Girls and boys have equal chance at education Q77a. Girls and boys have equal chance at education 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q77b. Women and men have equal chance to earn income Q77b. Women and men have equal chance to earn income Q77b. Women and men have equal chance to earn income Q77b. Women and men have equal chance to earn income Q77b. Women and men have equal chance to earn income 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q77c. Women and men have equal chance of paying job Q77c. Women and men have equal chance of paying job Q77c. Women and men have equal chance of paying job Q77c. Women and men have equal chance of paying job Q77c. Women and men have equal chance of paying job 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q77d. Women and men have equal chance to own/inherit land Q77d. Women and men have equal chance to own/inherit land Q77d. Women and men have equal chance to own/inherit land Q77d. Women and men have equal chance to own/inherit land Q77d. Women and men have equal chance to own/inherit land 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly Disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly Agree 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q78a. Justified for parents to physically discipline children Q78a. Justified for parents to physically discipline children Q78a. Justified for parents to physically discipline children Q78a. Justified for parents to physically discipline children Q78a. Justified for parents to physically discipline children 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Never justified 2 Sometimes justified 3 Always justified 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q78b. Justified for men to beat their wives Q78b. Justified for men to beat their wives Q78b. Justified for men to beat their wives Q78b. Justified for men to beat their wives Q78b. Justified for men to beat their wives 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Never justified 2 Sometimes justified 3 Always justified 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q79_NGR. Recommended measures to fight jihadist propaganda Q79_NGR. Recommended measures to fight jihadist propaganda Q79_NGR. Recommended measures to fight jihadist propaganda Q79_NGR. Recommended measures to fight jihadist propaganda Q79_NGR. Recommended measures to fight jihadist propaganda 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Ban street mosques 2 Foreign preachers must be reported to the administrative and customary authority 3 Monitor teachings at Koranic schools 4 Provide reintegration centers for victims of jihadism 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q80a_NGR. Country’s poverty levels compared to 10 years ago Q80a_NGR. Country’s poverty levels compared to 10 years ago Q80a_NGR. Country’s poverty levels compared to 10 years ago Q80a_NGR. Country’s poverty levels compared to 10 years ago Q80a_NGR. Country’s poverty levels compared to 10 years ago 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Increased a lot 2 Increased a little 3 Stayed the same 4 Decreased a little 5 Decreased a lot 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q80b_NGR. Best explanation for poverty in country Q80b_NGR. Best explanation for poverty in country Q80b_NGR. Best explanation for poverty in country Q80b_NGR. Best explanation for poverty in country Q80b_NGR. Best explanation for poverty in country 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 The poor are unlucky 2 The poor are lazy 3 The poor lack work opportunities 4 Poverty results from social injustice 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q81_NGR. Difficult for poor to find work Q81_NGR. Difficult for poor to find work Q81_NGR. Difficult for poor to find work Q81_NGR. Difficult for poor to find work Q81_NGR. Difficult for poor to find work 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 It is difficult for the poor to find work 2 Work is available for anyone who wants it 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q82a_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: Create employment Q82a_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: Create employment Q82a_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: Create employment Q82a_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: Create employment Q82a_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: Create employment 1200 1 5 -1 Missing 1 No help at all 2 No help 3 No effect 4 Helps a little 5 Helps a lot 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q82b_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: raise minimum wage Q82b_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: raise minimum wage Q82b_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: raise minimum wage Q82b_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: raise minimum wage Q82b_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: raise minimum wage 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 No help at all 2 No help 3 No effect 4 Helps a little 5 Helps a lot 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q82c_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: provide financial allowances Q82c_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: provide financial allowances Q82c_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: provide financial allowances Q82c_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: provide financial allowances Q82c_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: provide financial allowances 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 No help at all 2 No help 3 No effect 4 Helps a little 5 Helps a lot 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q82d_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: better quality education Q82d_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: better quality education Q82d_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: better quality education Q82d_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: better quality education Q82d_NGR. Solution to reduce poverty: better quality education 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 No help at all 2 No help 3 No effect 4 Helps a little 5 Helps a lot 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q83a_NGR. Ban migration of women/children to maghreb countries Q83a_NGR. Ban migration of women/children to maghreb countries Q83a_NGR. Ban migration of women/children to maghreb countries Q83a_NGR. Ban migration of women/children to maghreb countries Q83a_NGR. Ban migration of women/children to maghreb countries 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither agree nor disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly agree 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q83b_NGR. Female civil servants can be deployed anywhere regardless of marital status Q83b_NGR. Female civil servants can be deployed anywhere regardless of marital status Q83b_NGR. Female civil servants can be deployed anywhere regardless of marital status Q83b_NGR. Female civil servants can be deployed anywhere regardless of marital status Q83b_NGR. Female civil servants can be deployed anywhere regardless of marital status 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly disagree 2 Disagree 3 Neither agree nor disagree 4 Agree 5 Strongly agree 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q84. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe Q84. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe Q84. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe Q84. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe Q84. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe 1200 1100 9999 -1 Missing 1100 Haoussa 1101 Zarma/Songhay 1102 Fulfuldé 1103 Tamasheq 1104 Kanouri 1105 Gormantchéma 1106 Arabe 1107 Toubou 9990 Nigérian only, or “doesn’t think of self in those terms” 9995 Other 9998 Refused to Answer 9999 Don't Know Q84other. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe (verbatim) Q84other. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe (verbatim) Q84other. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe (verbatim) Q84other. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe (verbatim) Q84other. Ethnic community, cultural group or tribe (verbatim) 1200 BERIBERI DENDI KOURTE MANGA PORTIGUAIS Q85a. Ethnic group treated unfairly Q85a. Ethnic group treated unfairly Q85a. Ethnic group treated unfairly Q85a. Ethnic group treated unfairly Q85a. Ethnic group treated unfairly 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Sometimes 2 Often 3 Always 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q85b. Ethnic or national identity Q85b. Ethnic or national identity Q85b. Ethnic or national identity Q85b. Ethnic or national identity Q85b. Ethnic or national identity 1200 1 8 -1 Missing 1 I feel only (ethnic group) 2 I feel more (ethnic group) than (national identity) 3 I feel equally (national identity) and (ethnic group) 4 I feel more (national identity) than (ethnic group) 5 I feel only (national identity) 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q86a. Experienced discrimination based on gender Q86a. Experienced discrimination based on gender Q86a. Experienced discrimination based on gender Q86a. Experienced discrimination based on gender Q86a. Experienced discrimination based on gender 1200 3 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q86b. Experienced discrimination based on religion Q86b. Experienced discrimination based on religion Q86b. Experienced discrimination based on religion Q86b. Experienced discrimination based on religion Q86b. Experienced discrimination based on religion 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q86c. Experienced discrimination based on ethnicity Q86c. Experienced discrimination based on ethnicity Q86c. Experienced discrimination based on ethnicity Q86c. Experienced discrimination based on ethnicity Q86c. Experienced discrimination based on ethnicity 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q86d. Experienced discrimination based on disability Q86d. Experienced discrimination based on disability Q86d. Experienced discrimination based on disability Q86d. Experienced discrimination based on disability Q86d. Experienced discrimination based on disability 1200 7 -1 Missing Never 1 Once or twice 2 Several times 3 Many times 7 Not applicable (no disability) 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q87a. Neighbours: people of different religion Q87a. Neighbours: people of different religion Q87a. Neighbours: people of different religion Q87a. Neighbours: people of different religion Q87a. Neighbours: people of different religion 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly dislike 2 Somewhat dislike 3 Would not care 4 Somewhat like 5 Strongly like 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q87b. Neighbours: people of different ethnicity Q87b. Neighbours: people of different ethnicity Q87b. Neighbours: people of different ethnicity Q87b. Neighbours: people of different ethnicity Q87b. Neighbours: people of different ethnicity 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly dislike 2 Somewhat dislike 3 Would not care 4 Somewhat like 5 Strongly like 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q87c. Neighbours: homosexuals Q87c. Neighbours: homosexuals Q87c. Neighbours: homosexuals Q87c. Neighbours: homosexuals Q87c. Neighbours: homosexuals 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly dislike 2 Somewhat dislike 3 Would not care 4 Somewhat like 5 Strongly like 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q87d. Neighbours: immigrants and foreign workers Q87d. Neighbours: immigrants and foreign workers Q87d. Neighbours: immigrants and foreign workers Q87d. Neighbours: immigrants and foreign workers Q87d. Neighbours: immigrants and foreign workers 1200 1 9 -1 Missing 1 Strongly dislike 2 Somewhat dislike 3 Would not care 4 Somewhat like 5 Strongly like 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q88a. Close to political party Q88a. Close to political party Q88a. Close to political party Q88a. Close to political party Q88a. Close to political party 1200 9 -1 Missing No, not close to any party 1 Yes, feels close to a party 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q88b. Which party Q88b. Which party Q88b. Which party Q88b. Which party Q88b. Which party 1200 1100 9999 -1 Missing 1100 Alliance Nigérienne pour la Démocratie et le Progrès (ANDP Zaman Lahiya) 1101 Convention Démocratique et Sociale (CDS Rahama) 1102 Mouvement National pour la Société de Développement (MNSD Nassara) 1103 Mouvement Démocratique Nigérien pour une Fédération Africaine (MODEN FA Lumana) 1104 Parti Nigérien pour la Démocratie et le Socialisme (PNDS Tarayya) 1105 Parti Nigérien pour l’Auto gestion (PNA Al’Oumat 1106 Rassemblement pour la Démocratie et le Progrès (RDP Jama’a) 1107 Rassemeblement Social Démocrate (RSD Gaskia) 1108 Union pour la Démocratie et le Progrès Social (UDPS Amana) 1109 Mouvement Patriotique Nigérien (MPN-Kishin Kassa) 1110 MPR Jamhouriya 1111 Ingantchi 9995 Other 9997 Not Applicable 9998 Refused 9999 Don't Know Q88bother. Which party (verbatim) Q88bother. Which party (verbatim) Q88bother. Which party (verbatim) Q88bother. Which party (verbatim) Q88bother. Which party (verbatim) 1200 ADN FOUSSA'A AMIN AMIN BALAYE INGANTCHI KASSOUM MOCTAR MDR TARNA MOUVEMENT PATRIOTIQUE NIGERIEN (MPN-KISHIN KASSA) MPR JAMHOURIYA OBLIGATION DE RESERVE PCR PMT ALBARKA PSD BASSIRA PSD BASSIRA PUND SALAMA YACOUBIA MPL YACOUBIYA Q89a. Own radio Q89a. Own radio Q89a. Own radio Q89a. Own radio Q89a. Own radio 1200 9 -1 Missing No, don’t own 1 Yes, someone else owns 2 Yes, do own 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q89b. Own television Q89b. Own television Q89b. Own television Q89b. Own television Q89b. Own television 1200 9 -1 Missing No, don’t own 1 Yes, someone else owns 2 Yes, do own 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q89c. Own motor vehicle, car or motorcycle Q89c. Own motor vehicle, car or motorcycle Q89c. Own motor vehicle, car or motorcycle Q89c. Own motor vehicle, car or motorcycle Q89c. Own motor vehicle, car or motorcycle 1200 9 -1 Missing No, don’t own 1 Yes, someone else owns 2 Yes, do own 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q89d. Own computer Q89d. Own computer Q89d. Own computer Q89d. Own computer Q89d. Own computer 1200 9 -1 Missing No, don’t own 1 Yes, someone else owns 2 Yes, do own 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q89e. Own bank account Q89e. Own bank account Q89e. Own bank account Q89e. Own bank account Q89e. Own bank account 1200 9 -1 Missing No, don’t own 1 Yes, someone else owns 2 Yes, do own 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q89f. Own mobile phone Q89f. Own mobile phone Q89f. Own mobile phone Q89f. Own mobile phone Q89f. Own mobile phone 1200 9 -1 Missing No, don’t own 1 Yes, someone else owns 2 Yes, do own 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q90. Mobile phone access to internet Q90. Mobile phone access to internet Q90. Mobile phone access to internet Q90. Mobile phone access to internet Q90. Mobile phone access to internet 1200 7 -1 Missing No, does not have internet access 1 Yes, has internet 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q91a. How often use a mobile phone Q91a. How often use a mobile phone Q91a. How often use a mobile phone Q91a. How often use a mobile phone Q91a. How often use a mobile phone 1200 4 -1 Missing Never 1 Less than once a month 2 A few times a month 3 A few times a week 4 Everyday 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q91b. How often use the internet Q91b. How often use the internet Q91b. How often use the internet Q91b. How often use the internet Q91b. How often use the internet 1200 9 -1 Missing Never 1 Less than once a month 2 A few times a month 3 A few times a week 4 Everyday 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q92a. Source of water for household use Q92a. Source of water for household use Q92a. Source of water for household use Q92a. Source of water for household use Q92a. Source of water for household use 1200 1 3 -1 Missing 1 Inside the house 2 Inside the compound 3 Outside the compound 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q92b. Location of toilet or latrine Q92b. Location of toilet or latrine Q92b. Location of toilet or latrine Q92b. Location of toilet or latrine Q92b. Location of toilet or latrine 1200 3 -1 Missing No latrine 1 Inside the house 2 Inside the compound 3 Outside the compound 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q93. Electric connection from mains Q93. Electric connection from mains Q93. Electric connection from mains Q93. Electric connection from mains Q93. Electric connection from mains 1200 5 -1 Missing No mains electric supply or connection to the home 1 Never 2 Occasionally 3 About half of the time 4 Most of the time 5 All of the time 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q94. Employment status Q94. Employment status Q94. Employment status Q94. Employment status Q94. Employment status 1200 3 -1 Missing No, not looking 1 No, looking 2 Yes, part time 3 Yes, full time 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q95a. Occupation of respondent Q95a. Occupation of respondent Q95a. Occupation of respondent Q95a. Occupation of respondent Q95a. Occupation of respondent 1200 95 -1 Missing Never had a job 1 Student 2 Housewife / homemaker 3 Agriculture / farming / fishing / forestry 4 Trader / hawker / vendor 5 Retail / Shop 6 Unskilled manual worker 7 Artisan or skilled manual worker 8 Clerical or secretarial 9 Supervisor / Foreman / Senior Manager 10 Security services 11 Mid-level professional 12 Upper-level professional 95 Other 98 Refused 99 Don’t know Q95b. Employer of respondent Q95b. Employer of respondent Q95b. Employer of respondent Q95b. Employer of respondent Q95b. Employer of respondent 1200 1 7 -1 Missing 1 Works for self 2 Private sector 3 Non Governmental Organizations / Civil society sector 4 Government 7 Not applicable 8 Refused 9 Don't know Q95c. Who decides how money is used Q95c. Who decides how money is used Q95c. Who decides how money is used Q95c. Who decides how money is used Q95c. Who decides how money is used 1200 1 7 -1 Missing 1 You make the decisions yourself 2 Your spouse makes the decisions 3 You make the decisions jointly with your spouse 4 You make the decisions jointly with other family members 5 Other family members make the decisions without you 6 None of the above / Some other response 7 Not applicable, no earnings 8 Refused 9 Don’t know Q96a. Head of household Q96a. Head of household Q96a. Head of household Q96a. Head of household Q96a. Head of household 1200 1 98 -1 Missing 1 You (respondent) 2 Respondent's spouse 3 Respondent's father 4 Respondent's mother 5 Respondent's son 6 Respondent's daughter 7 Respondent's grandfather 8 Respondent's grandmother 9 Another male relative 10 Another female relative 11 Someone else 12 More than one person 98 Refused 99 Don’t know Q96b. Occupation of head of household Q96b. Occupation of head of household Q96b. Occupation of head of household Q96b. Occupation of head of household Q96b. Occupation of head of household 1200 97 -1 Missing Never had a job 1 Student 2 Housewife / homemaker 3 Agriculture / farming / fishing / forestry 4 Trader / hawker / vendor 5 Retail / Shop 6 Unskilled manual worker 7 Artisan or skilled manual worker 8 Clerical or secretarial 9 Supervisor / Foreman / Senior Manager 10 Security services 11 Mid-level professional 12 Upper-level professional 95 Other 97 Not applicable (respondent is head of household) 98 Refused 99 Don’t know Q97. Education of respondent Q97. Education of respondent Q97. Education of respondent Q97. Education of respondent Q97. Education of respondent 1200 99 -1 Missing No formal schooling 1 Informal schooling only 2 Some primary schooling 3 Primary school completed 4 Some secondary school / high school 5 Secondary school / high school completed 6 Post-secondary qualifications, other than university 7 Some university 8 University completed 9 Post-graduate 98 Refused 99 Don’t know Q98. Religion of respondent Q98. Religion of respondent Q98. Religion of respondent Q98. Religion of respondent Q98. Religion of respondent 1200 9995 -1 Missing None 1 Christian only 2 Roman Catholic 3 Orthodox 4 Coptic 5 Anglican 6 Lutheran 7 Methodist 8 Presbyterian 9 Baptist 10 Quaker / Friends 11 Mennonite 12 Evangelical 13 Pentecostal 14 Independent 15 Jehovah’s Witness 16 Seventh Day Adventist 17 Mormon 18 Muslim only 19 Sunni only 20 Ismaeli 21 Mouridiya Brotherhood 22 Tijaniya Brotherhood 23 Qadiriya Brotherhood 24 Shia 25 Traditional / ethnic religion 26 Hindu 27 Bahai 28 Agnostic 29 Atheist 30 Dutch Reformed 31 Calvinist 32 Church of Christ 33 Zionist Christian Church 34 Jewish 1100 Izala 1101 Qualakatou 9995 Other 9998 Refused 9999 Don't know Q98other. Religion of respondent (verbatim) Q98other. Religion of respondent (verbatim) Q98other. Religion of respondent (verbatim) Q98other. Religion of respondent (verbatim) Q98other. Religion of respondent (verbatim) 1200 CHARLATAN IZALA Q99. Vote for which party Q99. Vote for which party Q99. Vote for which party Q99. Vote for which party Q99. Vote for which party 1200 1100 9999 -1 Missing 1100 Alliance Nigérienne pour la Démocratie et le Progrès (ANDP Zaman Lahiya) 1101 Convention Démocratique et Sociale (CDS Rahama) 1102 Mouvement National pour la Société de Développement (MNSD Nassara) 1103 Mouvement Démocratique Nigérien pour une Fédération Africaine (MODEN FA Lumana) 1104 Parti Nigérien pour la Démocratie et le Socialisme (PNDS Tarayya) 1105 Parti Nigérien pour l’Auto gestion (PNA Al’Oumat 1106 Rassemblement pour la Démocratie et le Progrès (RDP Jama’a) 1107 Union pour la Démocratie et le Progrès Social (UDPS Amana 1109 Mouvement Patriotique Nigérien (MPN-Kishin Kassa) 1110 MPR Jamhouriya 1111 Ingantchi 9995 Other 9997 Would not vote 9998 Refused to Answer 9999 Don't Know Q99other. Vote for which party (verbatim) Q99other. Vote for which party (verbatim) Q99other. Vote for which party (verbatim) Q99other. Vote for which party (verbatim) Q99other. Vote for which party (verbatim) 1200 ADN FOUSSA'A ALBARKA AMIN AMIN CA DEPEND ÇA DEPEND DE CE QUE LE CHEF DU VILLAGE NOUS DIRA DE VOTER ÇA DEPEND DE QUI ON NOUS DIRA DE VOTER ÇÀ DEPEND DE QUI ON NOUS DIRA VOTER CELUI QUE LA COMMUNAUTÉ VA DÉCIDER CHOISI PAR LA POPULATION CHOIX DU MARI DESIGNE PAR LA POPULATION DESIGNE PAR LES HOMMES INGANTCHI JE CHOISIRAI LE PARTI DE NOTRE CHEF DE VILLAGE JE VOTERAI POUR CELUI QUON MA DIT KASSOUM MOCTAR LA PERSSONE DESIGNE PAR LES VILAGEOIS LE CHOIX DU CHEF DU VILLAGE LE CHOIX DU DÉLÉGUÉ LE CHOIX DU MALAM AISSANE DOUNNA LE CHOIX DU MARI LE CHOIX DU VILLAGE ENTIER LE PARTI DE MON FILS LE PARTI DU PLUS GRAND NOMBRE LE PARTI QUE LES GENS SUUVENT LE PARTI QUI SE PRESENTE A NOUS MDR TARNA MNRD HANKOURI MPR JAMHOURIYA OBLIGATION DE RESERVE ON NE SAIT PAS ENCORE QUEL PARTI VOTER PARTI DE KASSOUM MOCTAR PSD BASSIRA QUELQU'UN QUI N'EST PAS MAHAMADOU ISSOUFOU QUELQU'UN QUI VA AIDER LE PEUPLE RD TCHETON KASA RSD GASKIA RSD GASKIYA TARNA TCHINJI TCHISSAN KASSA TOUT DEPEND DU CANDIDAT YACOUBIYA Q100. Perceived survey sponsor Q100. Perceived survey sponsor Q100. Perceived survey sponsor Q100. Perceived survey sponsor Q100. Perceived survey sponsor 1200 99 -1 Missing No one 1 Afrobarometer 2 Research Company 3 Non-government or religious organization 4 University / School / College 5 Private company 6 Media 7 Political party or politician 8 Government 9 International organization or another country 10 God 95 Other 98 Refused 99 Don’t know 1200 Length of interview Length of interview Length of interview Length of interview Length of interview 1200 22.0508666666667 177.749883333333 -1 Missing Q101. Gender of respondent Q101. Gender of respondent Q101. Gender of respondent Q101. Gender of respondent Q101. Gender of respondent 1200 1 2 -1 Missing 1 Male 2 Female Q102. Race of respondent Q102. Race of respondent Q102. Race of respondent Q102. Race of respondent Q102. Race of respondent 1200 1 9995 1 Black / African 2 White / European 3 Coloured / Mixed race 4 Arab / Lebanese / North African 5 South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, etc.) 6 East Asian (Chinese, Korean, Indonesian, etc.) 9995 Other 9999 Don't know Q102other. Race of respondent (verbatim) Q102other. Race of respondent (verbatim) Q102other. Race of respondent (verbatim) Q102other. Race of respondent (verbatim) Q102other. Race of respondent (verbatim) 1200 TAMASHEK TAMASHEQ TOUAREG TOUAREG PEAU ROUGE TOUAREG ROUGE Q103. Language of interview Q103. Language of interview Q103. Language of interview Q103. Language of interview Q103. Language of interview 1200 2 9995 2 French 1100 Haoussa 1101 Zarma/Songhay 1102 Fulfudé 1103 Tamasheq 9995 Other Q103other. Language of interview (verbatim) Q103other. Language of interview (verbatim) Q103other. Language of interview (verbatim) Q103other. Language of interview (verbatim) Q103other. Language of interview (verbatim) 1200 KOURTE Q104. Type of shelter of respondent Q104. Type of shelter of respondent Q104. Type of shelter of respondent Q104. Type of shelter of respondent Q104. Type of shelter of respondent 1200 1 8 1 Non-traditional / formal house 2 Traditional house / hut 3 Temporary structure / shack 4 Flat in a block of flats 5 Single room in a larger dwelling structure or backyard 7 Hostel in an industrial compound or farming compound 8 Other Q105. Roof of respondent’s home Q105. Roof of respondent’s home Q105. Roof of respondent’s home Q105. Roof of respondent’s home Q105. Roof of respondent’s home 1200 1 10 1 Metal, aluminum, tin or zinc 2 Tiles 3 Shingles 4 Thatch or grass 5 Plastic sheets 6 Asbestos 7 Multiple materials 8 Concrete 9 Some other material 10 Could not tell / could not see Q106. Others present Q106. Others present Q106. Others present Q106. Others present Q106. Others present 1200 1 4 1 No one 2 Spouse only 3 Children only 4 A few others 5 Small crowd Q107a. Check with others Q107a. Check with others Q107a. Check with others Q107a. Check with others Q107a. Check with others 1200 1 No 1 Yes Q107b. Influence by others Q107b. Influence by others Q107b. Influence by others Q107b. Influence by others Q107b. Influence by others 1200 1 No 1 Yes Q107c. Approached by community/party representatives Q107c. Approached by community/party representatives Q107c. Approached by community/party representatives Q107c. Approached by community/party representatives Q107c. Approached by community/party representatives 1200 1 No 1 Yes Q107d. Feel threatened Q107d. Feel threatened Q107d. Feel threatened Q107d. Feel threatened Q107d. Feel threatened 1200 No 1 Yes Q107e. Physically threatened Q107e. Physically threatened Q107e. Physically threatened Q107e. Physically threatened Q107e. Physically threatened 1200 No 1 Yes Q108. Proportion difficulty answering Q108. Proportion difficulty answering Q108. Proportion difficulty answering Q108. Proportion difficulty answering Q108. Proportion difficulty answering 1200 2 4 None 1 Few 2 Some 3 Most 4 All Q110a. Respondent friendly Q110a. Respondent friendly Q110a. Respondent friendly Q110a. Respondent friendly Q110a. Respondent friendly 1200 1 3 1 Friendly 2 In between 3 Hostile Q110b. Respondent interested Q110b. Respondent interested Q110b. Respondent interested Q110b. Respondent interested Q110b. Respondent interested 1200 1 3 1 Interested 2 In between 3 Bored Q110c. Respondent cooperative Q110c. Respondent cooperative Q110c. Respondent cooperative Q110c. Respondent cooperative Q110c. Respondent cooperative 1200 1 3 1 Cooperative 2 In between 3 Uncooperative Q110d. Respondent patient Q110d. Respondent patient Q110d. Respondent patient Q110d. Respondent patient Q110d. Respondent patient 1200 1 3 1 Patient 2 In between 3 Impatient Q110e. Respondent at ease Q110e. Respondent at ease Q110e. Respondent at ease Q110e. Respondent at ease Q110e. Respondent at ease 1200 1 3 1 At ease 2 In between 3 Suspicious Q110f. Respondent honest Q110f. Respondent honest Q110f. Respondent honest Q110f. Respondent honest Q110f. Respondent honest 1200 1 2 1 Honest 2 In between 3 Misleading Q110g1. Had any unsuccessful calls Q110g1. Had any unsuccessful calls Q110g1. Had any unsuccessful calls Q110g1. Had any unsuccessful calls Q110g1. Had any unsuccessful calls 1200 1 2 1 No 2 Yes Q110g2. Number of unsuccessful calls Q110g2. Number of unsuccessful calls Q110g2. Number of unsuccessful calls Q110g2. Number of unsuccessful calls Q110g2. Number of unsuccessful calls 1200 1 9997 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 1200 1 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 (verbatim) Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 (verbatim) Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 (verbatim) Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 (verbatim) Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 1 (verbatim) 1200 AUCUN AGENT DE L'EQUIPE NE PARLE FULFULDE AUCUN AGENT NE PARLE LE FULFULDE DANS L'EQUIPE AUCUN ELEMENT NE PARLE LE FULFULDE DANS L'EQUIPE LA PERSONNE CHOISI EST ABSENTE LES MEMBRES DU MENAGE DORMENT PERSONNE DANS L'EQUIPE NE PARLE LE FULFULDE PERSONNE DANS L'EQUIPE NE PARLE FULFULDE PERSONNE DANS L'EQUIPE NE PARLE LE FULFULDE PERSONNE DANS L'EQUIPE NE PARLE LE TAMAGEQ PERSONNE DANS L'ÉQUIPE NE PARLLE COTTECTEMENT LA LANGUE D PERSONNE DANS L'ÉQUIPE NE PARLLE CORRECTEMENT LA LANGUE DE PERSONNE DANS L'ÉQUIPE NE PARLLE CORRECTEMENT LA LANGUE DU PERSONNE NE PARLE LE FULFULDE PERSONNE NE PARLE LE FULFULDE DANS L'EQUIPE PERSONNE NE PARLLE CORRECTEMENT LA LANGUE DU RÉPONDANT DAN PROBLEME DE LANGUE PROBLÈME LIÉ A LA LANGUE Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 1200 1 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 (verbatim) Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 (verbatim) Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 (verbatim) Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 (verbatim) Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 2 (verbatim) 1200 PERSONNE DANS L'EQUIPE NE PARLE FULFLDE PROBLÈME DE LANGUE PROBLEME LIÉ A LA LANGUE Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 3 1200 1 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 4 1200 2 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 1200 1 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 (verbatim) Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 (verbatim) Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 (verbatim) Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 (verbatim) Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 5 (verbatim) 1200 INTRODUCTION DANS UN AUTRE COMPARTIMENT DU VILLAGE POUR CHO Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 6 1200 2 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 7 1200 9997 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 Reason for Unsuccessful Call Household 8 1200 9997 9997 1 Refused to be interviewed 2 Person selected was never at home 3 Household/Premises empty for the survey period 4 Not a citizen/Spoke only a foreign language 5 Deaf/Did not speak a survey language 6 Did not fit gender quota 7 No adults in household 8 Other 9997 Interview was successful Q112. Interviewer Number Q112. Interviewer Number Q112. Interviewer Number Q112. Interviewer Number Q112. Interviewer Number 1200 NGR01 NGR02 NGR04 NGR05 NGR06 NGR07 NGR08 NGR09 NGR10 NGR11 NGR12 NGR13 NGR14 NGR15 NGR16 NGR17 NGR18 NGR19 NGR20 NGR21 NGR22 NGR23 NGR24 NGR25 Q113. Interviewer’s age Q113. Interviewer’s age Q113. Interviewer’s age Q113. Interviewer’s age Q113. Interviewer’s age 1200 26 54 26 27 28 29 30 32 33 34 37 38 39 40 43 46 48 53 54 Q114. Interviewer’s gender Q114. Interviewer’s gender Q114. Interviewer’s gender Q114. Interviewer’s gender Q114. Interviewer’s gender 1200 1 2 1 Male 2 Female Q115. Interviewer rural or urban Q115. Interviewer rural or urban Q115. Interviewer rural or urban Q115. Interviewer rural or urban Q115. Interviewer rural or urban 1200 1 2 1 Rural 2 Urban Q116. Interviewer's home language Q116. Interviewer's home language Q116. Interviewer's home language Q116. Interviewer's home language Q116. Interviewer's home language 1200 1100 1103 1100 Haoussa 1101 Zarma/Songhay 1102 FUlfuldé 1103 Tamasheq 1104 Kanouri 1105 Gourmantchéma 1106 Arabe 1107 Toubou 9995 Other Q117. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe Q117. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe Q117. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe Q117. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe Q117. Interviewer's ethnic group or tribe 1200 1100 1103 1100 Haoussa 1101 Zrama/Songhay 1102 Fulfuldé 1103 Tamasheq 1104 Kanouri 1105 Gourmantchéma 1106 Arabe 1107 Toubou 9995 Other Q118. Interviewer's education Q118. Interviewer's education Q118. Interviewer's education Q118. Interviewer's education Q118. Interviewer's education 1200 5 8 3 Primary school completed 4 Some secondary school / high school 5 Secondary school / high school completed 6 Post-secondary qualifications, other than university 7 Some university 8 University completed 9 Post graduate Q119. Other spoken languages_first Q119. Other spoken languages_first Q119. Other spoken languages_first Q119. Other spoken languages_first Q119. Other spoken languages_first 1200 1100 1101 1100 Haoussa 1101 Zrama/Songhay 1102 Fulfuldé 1103 Tamasheq 1104 Kanouri 1105 Goumantchéma 1106 Arabe 1107 Toubou 9995 Other Q119. Other spoken languages_second Q119. Other spoken languages_second Q119. Other spoken languages_second Q119. Other spoken languages_second Q119. Other spoken languages_second 1200 1101 9996 1100 Haoussa 1101 Zrama/Songhay 1102 Fulfuldé 1103 Tamasheq 1104 Kanouri 1105 Goumantchéma 1106 Arabe 1107 Toubou 9995 Other 9996 No further reply Q119. Other spoken languages_third Q119. Other spoken languages_third Q119. Other spoken languages_third Q119. Other spoken languages_third Q119. Other spoken languages_third 1200 1102 9996 1100 Haoussa 1101 Zrama/Songhay 1102 Fulfuldé 1103 Tamasheq 1104 Kanouri 1105 Goumantchéma 1106 Arabe 1107 Toubou 9995 Other 9996 No further reply Q119. Other spoken languages_fourth Q119. Other spoken languages_fourth Q119. Other spoken languages_fourth Q119. Other spoken languages_fourth Q119. Other spoken languages_fourth 1200 1103 9996 1100 Haoussa 1101 Zrama/Songhay 1102 Fulfuldé 1103 Tamasheq 1104 Kanouri 1105 Goumantchéma 1106 Arabe 1107 Toubou 9995 Other 9996 No further reply within country weighting factor within country weighting factor within country weighting factor within country weighting factor within country weighting factor 1200 0.0287518254937119 2.91314067728026