National Population and Housing Census 1978 DDI_POL_1978_PHC_v01_M_v7.6_A_IPUMS IPUMS

Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) International

IPUMS April 1, 2025 IPUMS, 50 Willey Hall, 225 - 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55455 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, Development Co-operation Directorate JADE#:60525;MEHLB(2010)12 IPUMS Version 7.6 October 2025 : NEW FEATURES. --NO "new features" listed in Revision History NEW SAMPLES. --Six new census samples for Honduras (2013), Kenya (2019), Malawi (2018), Mongolia (2010, 2020), and Mozambique (2017) were added to the data series. All census samples extend pre-existing series for those countries. --91 quarterly labor force surveys from the Philippines (1997 - 2019) were added to IPUMS. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA. --No "supplemental data" listed in revision history NEW VARIABLES. --New spatially harmonized birthplace and previous-residence variables are available for samples in this data release. More information is available here (https://international.ipums.org/international/geo_mig.shtml). --Users should note that many older migration and birthplace variables are available by different names. Refer to this table for a crosswalk of old and corresponding new migration variables. For birthplace variables refer to this table (https://international.ipums.org/international/resources/misc_docs/migCrosswalk_names.pdf). EDITED SAMPLES. --For the Zambia 2000 sample, an error in the household breaks was corrected, resulting in the creation of 1,988 new households (1% increase) that were previously combined with other households. The person records included in the sample did not change. Due to an inconsistency in the original file, no household-level information other than geographic location is available for these newly identified households, necessitating the addition of "unknown" values for this sample to the following variables: BEDROOMS, ELECTRIC, FLOOR, FUELCOOK, FUELHEAT, OWNERSHIP, PHONE, RADIO, REFRIG, ROOMS, SEWAGE, TRASH, WATSRC, TV, TOILET, GQ, ROOF, WATSUP, BIKE, MOTORCYCLE, KITCHEN, GQTYPE, AUTOS, and WALL. EDITED VARIABLES. --For the 1998 and 2008 Malawi samples, the family interrelationship pointer variables MOMLOC and POPLOC were modified to allow a "Spouse/partner" of the household head to be linked as a parent to an "Other relative", because the enumeration instructions specify that adopted and stepchildren were categorized as "Other relative". These samples are now consistent with the links made in the newly released 2018 Malawi sample, which had the same enumeration instructions for adopted and stepchildren. --In the samples for Côte d'Ivoire 1988 and 1998, Rwanda 1991 and 2002, Togo 1960 and 2010, and South Africa 2001, for the harmonized variable POLYGAM, persons in consensual unions were previously coded as "No, in monogamous union". Because there was no response option in these samples for polygamous consensual unions, it is more appropriate to treat these cases as not-in-universe, so they have been recoded to "NIU (not in universe)". --MARST has been edited for Honduras 1974 to reclassify the source variable responses "married, wife lives separately" and "consensual union, companion lives separately" as separations. The documentation suggests that "separately" actually indicates a relationship separation and not an absent spouse or companion. Other minor edits were implemented for MARST for Mozambique 1997 and 2007. --In the Mozambique 1997 sample, an error was corrected that recoded persons with a relationship of "Unknown" in the source data to "Other relative or non-relative" (6000) in the harmonized variable RELATE. These persons are now coded as "Not Stated/Unknown" (9999). --In the Malawi 1987, 1998, and 2008 samples, for variable WATSUP, a programming error was corrected such that any households who reported having piped water in either the wet or the dry season are classified as having access to piped water. This programming was also applied to the newly released 2018 sample. --The NATIVITY variable has been edited in the Chile 2017 sample to correct a programming error that mistakenly classified as foreign-born about 20 thousand person records that were actually native-born. --The MIGRATE5 variable has been edited in the Chile 2017 sample, given a programming error that classified most migrants as having changed their major geographic unit. The MIGRATE5 variable for the Chile 1982 and 1992 samples has been edited to use spatially harmonized geographic units to calculate migration status. --In the 1989, 1999, and 2009 Kenya samples, households who indicated that their lighting type or fuel was "Solar" were recoded from "No" to "Yes" in ELECTRIC, based on secondary sources documenting the spread of home solar energy systems in Kenya beginning in the mid-1980s. In the 1989 and 1999 Kenya samples, programming was removed that previously recoded households that reported using electricity as their main cooking fuel to "Yes" in the access to electricity variable ELECTRIC, making it more consistent across samples. Other minor edits were implemented for ELECTRIC in Botswana 2011, Ethiopia 1984 and 1994, Mongolia 1989, Mozambique 2007. --Some samples in DISCARE classified responses indicating "some" difficulty into "yes". These cases were revised to consistently include in "yes" only responses indicating "a lot of difficulty" or "cannot do at all". --Some codes were improperly labeled for municipalities in Honduras 1961 and 1974, which affect variables on place of residence, birthplace, and previous residence. National Population and Housing Census 1978 - IPUMS Subset PHC pl1978a (IPUMS Harmonized Subset) POL_1978_PHC_v01_M_v7.6_A_IPUMS Central Statistical Office IPUMS (c) Copyright 1978, Central Statistical Office and Minnesota Population Center Central Statistical Office Population and Housing Census [hh/popcen] IPUMS International DOI:10.18128/D020.V7.6 Version 7.6. The datasets contain selected variables from the original microdata plus harmonized variables from the IPUMS-International database. Demographic Variables -- PERSON Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Work Variables -- PERSON Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Disability Variables -- PERSON Education Variables -- PERSON Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Geography: O-Z Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Group Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Constructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Appliances, Mechanicals, Other Amenities Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Household Economic Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Income Variables -- PERSON Technical Person Variables -- PERSON Geography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Utilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Other Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Geography: O-Z Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Geography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Work Variables -- PERSON Work: Industry Variables -- PERSON Education Variables -- PERSON Demographic Variables -- PERSON Migration: Global Variables -- PERSON Disability Variables -- PERSON Income Variables -- PERSON Work: Occupation Variables -- PERSON Other Person Variables -- PERSON Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSON December 6/7 1978 7-13 December 1978 Poland Voivodeship Persons, households, and dwellings UNITS IDENTIFIED: - Dwellings: yes - Vacant Units: No - Households: yes - Individuals: yes - Group quarters: yes UNIT DESCRIPTIONS: - Dwellings: A dwelling in a housing unit incorporating one or more habitable space, as well as several auxiliary rooms (such as bathrooms, hall, toilets, etc) which has been built or modified to serve habitation-related purposes and constiutes an integral strucutral whole. Every dwelling should possess a separate entrance. - Households: A household is a number of related and nonrelated individuals who have been living or staying togther in one dwelling and support each other financially. - Group quarters: Collective housing units are hostels, dormitories, student's houses, child's houses, teenager support houses, small child care facilities, pensioner houses, facilities for severely and permanently ill individuals, facilities for blind people, care centers for diabled or mentally ill patients, professional car facilities, monasteries, convents, and other collective housing units as such in which the occupants live for a longer time or permanently. All individuals who were registered in a dwelling at the census moment regardsless of if they were inhabiting the dwelling at that moment. Population and Housing Census [hh/popcen] Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: Poland 1978 MICRODATA SOURCE: Central Statistical Office SAMPLE SIZE (person records): 3577272. SAMPLE DESIGN: Systematic; every tenth private household after a random start. Additionally every 10th individual in collective housing in the household. Face-to-face [f2f] A- population and housing. Az- collective housing. B- population sample survey of randomly selected individuals. C- vacants de jure, CENSUS DAY: December 6/7 1978 Self-weighting (expansion factor=10) IPUMS International distributes integrated microdata of individuals and households only by agreement of collaborating national statistical offices and under the strictest of confidence. Before data may be distributed to an individual researcher, an electronic license agreement must be signed and approved. To gain access to the data, a researcher must agree to the following: (1) Implement security measures to prevent unauthorized access to census microdata. Under IPUMS International agreements with collaborating agencies, redistribution of the data to third parties is prohibited. (2) Use the microdata for the exclusive purposes of scholarly research and education. Researchers must explicitly agree to not use microdata acquired for any commercial or income-generating venture. (3) Maintain the confidentiality of persons, households, and other entities. Any attempt to ascertain the identity of persons or households from the microdata is prohibited. Alleging that a person or household has been identified is also prohibited. (4) Report all publications based on these data to IPUMS International, which will in turn pass the information on to the relevant national statistical agencies. Once a project is approved, a password is issued and data may be acquired through the Internet. Penalties for violating the license include: revocation of the license, recall of all microdata acquired, filing of a motion of censure to the appropriate professional organizations, and civil prosecution under the relevant national or international statutes. These safeguards mirror the principles from the Joint ECE/Eurostat Work Session on Statistical Data Confidentiality. Employees of the Minnesota Population Center who work with the census microdata to produce the harmonized database also sign agreements to respect the confidentiality of the data. IPUMS International works with each country's statistical office to minimize the risk of disclosure of respondent information. The details of the confidentiality protections vary across countries, but in all cases, names and detailed geographic information are suppressed and top-codes are imposed on variables such as income that might identify specific persons. In addition, IPUMS International uses a variety of technical procedures to enhance confidentiality protection. These include the following: (1) Swapping an undisclosed fraction of records from one administrative district to another to make positive identification of individuals impossible. (2) Randomizing the placement of households within districts to disguise the order in which individuals were enumerated or the data processed. (3) Aggregating codes of sensitive characteristics (e.g., grouping together very small ethnic categories) (4) Top- and bottom-coding continuous variables to prevent identification of extreme cases. The safety record for public-use census microdata is apparently perfect. In almost four decades of use, there has not been a single verified breach of statistical confidentiality. The measures implemented by the IPUMS International are designed to extend this record. Central Statistical Office Steven Ruggles, Lara Cleveland, Rodrigo Lovaton, Sula Sarkar, Matthew Sobek, Derek Burk, Dan Ehrlich, Quinn Heimann, Jane Lee, and Nate Merrill. Integrated Public Use Microdata Series, International: Version 7.6 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS, 2025. https://doi.org/10.18128/D020.V7.6 Researchers should also acknowledge the statistical agency that originally produced the data: Poland, Central Statistical Office. National Population and Housing Census 1978 The licensing agreement for use of IPUMS International data requires that users supply IPUMS International with the title and full citation for any publications, research reports, or educational materials making use of the data or documentation. Copies of such materials are also gratefully received at ipums@umn.edu. Printed matter should be sent to: IPUMS International Minnesota Population Center University of Minnesota 50 Willey Hall 225 19th Avenue South Minneapolis, MN 55455 An adapted version of the dataset, harmonized for international comparability, is available from IPUMS International (https://international.ipums.org/international/) under the following conditions: IPUMS International distributes integrated microdata of individuals and households only by agreement of collaborating national statistical offices and under the strictest of confidence. Before data may be distributed to an individual researcher, an electronic license agreement must be signed and approved. To gain access to the data, a researcher must agree to the following: (1) Implement security measures to prevent unauthorized access to census microdata. Under IPUMS International agreements with collaborating agencies, redistribution of the data to third parties is prohibited. (2) Use the microdata for the exclusive purposes of scholarly research and education. Researchers must explicitly agree to not use microdata acquired for any commercial or income-generating venture. (3) Maintain the confidentiality of persons, households, and other entities. Any attempt to ascertain the identity of persons or households from the microdata is prohibited. Alleging that a person or household has been identified is also prohibited. (4) Report all publications based on these data to IPUMS International, which will in turn pass the information on to the relevant national statistical agencies. Once a project is approved, a password is issued and data may be acquired through the Internet. Penalties for violating the license include: revocation of the license, recall of all microdata acquired, filing of a motion of censure to the appropriate professional organizations, and civil prosecution under the relevant national or international statutes. These safeguards mirror the principles from the Joint ECE/Eurostat Work Session on Statistical Data Confidentiality. Employees of the Minnesota Population Center who work with the census microdata to produce the harmonized database also sign agreements to respect the confidentiality of the data. The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. User-provided description: DOI:10.18128/D020.V7.6 Extract for pl1978a, 2025 POL1978_PHC-H-H.dat Household records 1,102,951 ascii Minnesota Population Center Version 7.5, IPUMS sample POL1978_PHC-P-H.dat Person records 3577272 ascii Minnesota Population Center Version 7.5, IPUMS sample Record type RECTYPE identifies the type of record for the case: household or person. NOTE: RECTYPE is an alphabetic (character string) variable with a value of 'H' for household records and 'P' for person records. RECTYPE will not appear as a variable in the default rectangular extracts produced by the data extract system. It is only available in hierarchical extracts, to distinguish between the two record types. H Household P Person Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Country COUNTRY gives the country from which the sample was drawn. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). 032 Argentina 051 Armenia 040 Austria 050 Bangladesh 112 Belarus 204 Benin 068 Bolivia 072 Botswana 076 Brazil 854 Burkina Faso 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 124 Canada 152 Chile 156 China 170 Colombia 188 Costa Rica 192 Cuba 208 Denmark 214 Dominican Republic 218 Ecuador 818 Egypt 222 El Salvador 231 Ethiopia 242 Fiji 246 Finland 250 France 276 Germany 288 Ghana 300 Greece 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 332 Haiti 340 Honduras 348 Hungary 352 Iceland 356 India 360 Indonesia 364 Iran 368 Iraq 372 Ireland 376 Israel 380 Italy 384 Côte d'Ivoire 388 Jamaica 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 417 Kyrgyz Republic 418 Laos 426 Lesotho 430 Liberia 454 Malawi 458 Malaysia 466 Mali 480 Mauritius 484 Mexico 496 Mongolia 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 104 Myanmar 524 Nepal 528 Netherlands 558 Nicaragua 566 Nigeria 578 Norway 586 Pakistan 275 Palestine 591 Panama 598 Papua New Guinea 600 Paraguay 604 Peru 608 Philippines 616 Poland 620 Portugal 630 Puerto Rico 642 Romania 643 Russia 646 Rwanda 662 Saint Lucia 686 Senegal 694 Sierra Leone 703 Slovak Republic 705 Slovenia 710 South Africa 728 South Sudan 724 Spain 729 Sudan 740 Suriname 752 Sweden 756 Switzerland 834 Tanzania 764 Thailand 768 Togo 780 Trinidad and Tobago 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 804 Ukraine 826 United Kingdom 840 United States 858 Uruguay 862 Venezuela 704 Vietnam 894 Zambia 716 Zimbabwe Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Year YEAR gives the year in which the census or survey was taken. For samples that span years, the midpoint or first year of the interval is reported. 1703 1703 1729 1729 1787 1787 1801 1801 1819 1819 1845 1845 1848 1848 1850 1850 1851 1851 1852 1852 1860 1860 1861 1861 1865 1865 1868 1868 1870 1870 1871 1871 1875 1875 1880 1880 1881 1881 1885 1885 1890 1890 1891 1891 1900 1900 1901 1901 1910 1910 1911 1911 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1966 1966 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 2019 2019 2020 2020 Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD IPUMS sample identifier SAMPLE identifies the IPUMS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 9-digit code. The code is structured as follows: The first 3 digits are the ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY The next 4 digits are the year of the census/survey The final 2 digits identify the sample within the year. For the last two digits, censuses or large census-like surveys have a value "0" (e.g, 01) in the second-to-last digit, household surveys have a value of "2" (e.g., 21), and employment surveys have a value of "4" (e.g., 41). 032197001 Argentina 1970 032198001 Argentina 1980 032199101 Argentina 1991 032200101 Argentina 2001 032201001 Argentina 2010 051200101 Armenia 2001 051201101 Armenia 2011 040197101 Austria 1971 040198101 Austria 1981 040199101 Austria 1991 040200101 Austria 2001 040201101 Austria 2011 050199101 Bangladesh 1991 050200101 Bangladesh 2001 050201101 Bangladesh 2011 112199901 Belarus 1999 112200901 Belarus 2009 204197901 Benin 1979 204199201 Benin 1992 204200201 Benin 2002 204201301 Benin 2013 068197601 Bolivia 1976 068199201 Bolivia 1992 068200101 Bolivia 2001 068201201 Bolivia 2012 072198101 Botswana 1981 072199101 Botswana 1991 072200101 Botswana 2001 072201101 Botswana 2011 076196001 Brazil 1960 076197001 Brazil 1970 076198001 Brazil 1980 076199101 Brazil 1991 076200001 Brazil 2000 076201001 Brazil 2010 854198501 Burkina Faso 1985 854199601 Burkina Faso 1996 854200601 Burkina Faso 2006 116199801 Cambodia 1998 116200401 Cambodia 2004 116200801 Cambodia 2008 116201301 Cambodia 2013 116201901 Cambodia 2019 120197601 Cameroon 1976 120198701 Cameroon 1987 120200501 Cameroon 2005 124185201 Canada 1852 124187101 Canada 1871 124188101 Canada 1881 124189101 Canada 1891 124190101 Canada 1901 124191101 Canada 1911 124197101 Canada 1971 124198101 Canada 1981 124199101 Canada 1991 124200101 Canada 2001 124201101 Canada 2011 152196001 Chile 1960 152197001 Chile 1970 152198201 Chile 1982 152199201 Chile 1992 152200201 Chile 2002 152201701 Chile 2017 156198201 China 1982 156199001 China 1990 156200001 China 2000 170196401 Colombia 1964 170197301 Colombia 1973 170198501 Colombia 1985 170199301 Colombia 1993 170200501 Colombia 2005 188196301 Costa Rica 1963 188197301 Costa Rica 1973 188198401 Costa Rica 1984 188200001 Costa Rica 2000 188201101 Costa Rica 2011 192200201 Cuba 2002 192201201 Cuba 2012 208178701 Denmark 1787 208180101 Denmark 1801 208184501 Denmark 1845 208188001 Denmark 1880 208188501 Denmark 1885 214196001 Dominican Republic 1960 214197001 Dominican Republic 1970 214198101 Dominican Republic 1981 214200201 Dominican Republic 2002 214201001 Dominican Republic 2010 218196201 Ecuador 1962 218197401 Ecuador 1974 218198201 Ecuador 1982 218199001 Ecuador 1990 218200101 Ecuador 2001 218201001 Ecuador 2010 818184801 Egypt 1848 818186801 Egypt 1868 818198601 Egypt 1986 818199601 Egypt 1996 818200601 Egypt 2006 222199201 El Salvador 1992 222200701 El Salvador 2007 231198401 Ethiopia 1984 231199401 Ethiopia 1994 231200701 Ethiopia 2007 242196601 Fiji 1966 242197601 Fiji 1976 242198601 Fiji 1986 242199601 Fiji 1996 242200701 Fiji 2007 242201401 Fiji 2014 246201001 Finland 2010 250196201 France 1962 250196801 France 1968 250197501 France 1975 250198201 France 1982 250199001 France 1990 250199901 France 1999 250200601 France 2006 250201101 France 2011 276181901 Germany 1819 (Mecklenburg) 276197001 Germany 1970 (West) 276197101 Germany 1971 (East) 276198101 Germany 1981 (East) 276198701 Germany 1987 (West) 288198401 Ghana 1984 288200001 Ghana 2000 288201001 Ghana 2010 300197101 Greece 1971 300198101 Greece 1981 300199101 Greece 1991 300200101 Greece 2001 300201101 Greece 2011 320196401 Guatemala 1964 320197301 Guatemala 1973 320198101 Guatemala 1981 320199401 Guatemala 1994 320200201 Guatemala 2002 324198301 Guinea 1983 324199601 Guinea 1996 324201401 Guinea 2014 332197101 Haiti 1971 332198201 Haiti 1982 332200301 Haiti 2003 340196101 Honduras 1961 340197401 Honduras 1974 340198801 Honduras 1988 340200101 Honduras 2001 340201301 Honduras 2013 348197001 Hungary 1970 348198001 Hungary 1980 348199001 Hungary 1990 348200101 Hungary 2001 348201101 Hungary 2011 352170301 Iceland 1703 352172901 Iceland 1729 352180101 Iceland 1801 352190101 Iceland 1901 352191001 Iceland 1910 356198341 India 1983 356198741 India 1987 356199341 India 1993 356199941 India 1999 356200441 India 2004 356200941 India 2009 360197101 Indonesia 1971 360197601 Indonesia 1976 360198001 Indonesia 1980 360198501 Indonesia 1985 360199001 Indonesia 1990 360199501 Indonesia 1995 360200001 Indonesia 2000 360200501 Indonesia 2005 360201001 Indonesia 2010 364200601 Iran 2006 364201101 Iran 2011 368199701 Iraq 1997 372190101 Ireland 1901 372191101 Ireland 1911 372197101 Ireland 1971 372197901 Ireland 1979 372198101 Ireland 1981 372198601 Ireland 1986 372199101 Ireland 1991 372199601 Ireland 1996 372200201 Ireland 2002 372200601 Ireland 2006 372201101 Ireland 2011 372201601 Ireland 2016 376197201 Israel 1972 376198301 Israel 1983 376199501 Israel 1995 376200801 Israel 2008 380200101 Italy 2001 380201101 Italy 2011 380201121 Italy 2011 Q1 LFS 380201221 Italy 2012 Q1 LFS 380201321 Italy 2013 Q1 LFS 380201421 Italy 2014 Q1 LFS 380201521 Italy 2015 Q1 LFS 380201621 Italy 2016 Q1 LFS 380201721 Italy 2017 Q1 LFS 380201821 Italy 2018 Q1 LFS 380201921 Italy 2019 Q1 LFS 380202021 Italy 2020 Q1 LFS 384198801 Côte d'Ivoire 1988 384199801 Côte d'Ivoire 1998 388198201 Jamaica 1982 388199101 Jamaica 1991 388200101 Jamaica 2001 400200401 Jordan 2004 404196901 Kenya 1969 404197901 Kenya 1979 404198901 Kenya 1989 404199901 Kenya 1999 404200901 Kenya 2009 404201901 Kenya 2019 417199901 Kyrgyz Republic 1999 417200901 Kyrgyz Republic 2009 418199501 Laos 1995 418200501 Laos 2005 418201501 Laos 2015 426199601 Lesotho 1996 426200601 Lesotho 2006 430197401 Liberia 1974 430200801 Liberia 2008 454198701 Malawi 1987 454199801 Malawi 1998 454200801 Malawi 2008 454201801 Malawi 2018 458197001 Malaysia 1970 458198001 Malaysia 1980 458199101 Malaysia 1991 458200001 Malaysia 2000 466198701 Mali 1987 466199801 Mali 1998 466200901 Mali 2009 480199001 Mauritius 1990 480200001 Mauritius 2000 480201101 Mauritius 2011 484196001 Mexico 1960 484197001 Mexico 1970 484199001 Mexico 1990 484199501 Mexico 1995 484200001 Mexico 2000 484200501 Mexico 2005 484201001 Mexico 2010 484201501 Mexico 2015 484202001 Mexico 2020 484200521 Mexico 2005 Q1 LFS 484200522 Mexico 2005 Q2 LFS 484200523 Mexico 2005 Q3 LFS 484200524 Mexico 2005 Q4 LFS 484200621 Mexico 2006 Q1 LFS 484200622 Mexico 2006 Q2 LFS 484200623 Mexico 2006 Q3 LFS 484200624 Mexico 2006 Q4 LFS 484200721 Mexico 2007 Q1 LFS 484200722 Mexico 2007 Q2 LFS 484200723 Mexico 2007 Q3 LFS 484200724 Mexico 2007 Q4 LFS 484200821 Mexico 2008 Q1 LFS 484200822 Mexico 2008 Q2 LFS 484200823 Mexico 2008 Q3 LFS 484200824 Mexico 2008 Q4 LFS 484200921 Mexico 2009 Q1 LFS 484200922 Mexico 2009 Q2 LFS 484200923 Mexico 2009 Q3 LFS 484200924 Mexico 2009 Q4 LFS 484201021 Mexico 2010 Q1 LFS 484201022 Mexico 2010 Q2 LFS 484201023 Mexico 2010 Q3 LFS 484201024 Mexico 2010 Q4 LFS 484201121 Mexico 2011 Q1 LFS 484201122 Mexico 2011 Q2 LFS 484201123 Mexico 2011 Q3 LFS 484201124 Mexico 2011 Q4 LFS 484201221 Mexico 2012 Q1 LFS 484201222 Mexico 2012 Q2 LFS 484201223 Mexico 2012 Q3 LFS 484201224 Mexico 2012 Q4 LFS 484201321 Mexico 2013 Q1 LFS 484201322 Mexico 2013 Q2 LFS 484201323 Mexico 2013 Q3 LFS 484201324 Mexico 2013 Q4 LFS 484201421 Mexico 2014 Q1 LFS 484201422 Mexico 2014 Q2 LFS 484201423 Mexico 2014 Q3 LFS 484201424 Mexico 2014 Q4 LFS 484201521 Mexico 2015 Q1 LFS 484201522 Mexico 2015 Q2 LFS 484201523 Mexico 2015 Q3 LFS 484201524 Mexico 2015 Q4 LFS 484201621 Mexico 2016 Q1 LFS 484201622 Mexico 2016 Q2 LFS 484201623 Mexico 2016 Q3 LFS 484201624 Mexico 2016 Q4 LFS 484201721 Mexico 2017 Q1 LFS 484201722 Mexico 2017 Q2 LFS 484201723 Mexico 2017 Q3 LFS 484201724 Mexico 2017 Q4 LFS 484201821 Mexico 2018 Q1 LFS 484201822 Mexico 2018 Q2 LFS 484201823 Mexico 2018 Q3 LFS 484201824 Mexico 2018 Q4 LFS 484201921 Mexico 2019 Q1 LFS 484201922 Mexico 2019 Q2 LFS 484201923 Mexico 2019 Q3 LFS 484201924 Mexico 2019 Q4 LFS 484202021 Mexico 2020 Q1 LFS 484202023 Mexico 2020 Q3 LFS 496198901 Mongolia 1989 496200001 Mongolia 2000 496201001 Mongolia 2010 496202001 Mongolia 2020 504198201 Morocco 1982 504199401 Morocco 1994 504200401 Morocco 2004 504201401 Morocco 2014 508199701 Mozambique 1997 508200701 Mozambique 2007 508201701 Mozambique 2017 104201401 Myanmar 2014 524200101 Nepal 2001 524201101 Nepal 2011 528196001 Netherlands 1960 528197101 Netherlands 1971 528200101 Netherlands 2001 528201101 Netherlands 2011 558197101 Nicaragua 1971 558199501 Nicaragua 1995 558200501 Nicaragua 2005 566200621 Nigeria 2006 566200721 Nigeria 2007 566200821 Nigeria 2008 566200921 Nigeria 2009 566201021 Nigeria 2010 578180101 Norway 1801 578186501 Norway 1865 578187501 Norway 1875 578190001 Norway 1900 578191001 Norway 1910 586197301 Pakistan 1973 586198101 Pakistan 1981 586199801 Pakistan 1998 275199701 Palestine 1997 275200701 Palestine 2007 275201701 Palestine 2017 591196001 Panama 1960 591197001 Panama 1970 591198001 Panama 1980 591199001 Panama 1990 591200001 Panama 2000 591201001 Panama 2010 598198001 Papua New Guinea 1980 598199001 Papua New Guinea 1990 598200001 Papua New Guinea 2000 600196201 Paraguay 1962 600197201 Paraguay 1972 600198201 Paraguay 1982 600199201 Paraguay 1992 600200201 Paraguay 2002 604199301 Peru 1993 604200701 Peru 2007 604201701 Peru 2017 608199721 Philippines 1997 Q1 LFS 608199722 Philippines 1997 Q2 LFS 608199723 Philippines 1997 Q3 LFS 608199724 Philippines 1997 Q4 LFS 608199821 Philippines 1998 Q1 LFS 608199822 Philippines 1998 Q2 LFS 608199823 Philippines 1998 Q3 LFS 608199824 Philippines 1998 Q4 LFS 608199921 Philippines 1999 Q1 LFS 608199922 Philippines 1999 Q2 LFS 608199923 Philippines 1999 Q3 LFS 608199924 Philippines 1999 Q4 LFS 608200021 Philippines 2000 Q1 LFS 608200022 Philippines 2000 Q2 LFS 608200023 Philippines 2000 Q3 LFS 608200024 Philippines 2000 Q4 LFS 608200121 Philippines 2001 Q1 LFS 608200122 Philippines 2001 Q2 LFS 608200123 Philippines 2001 Q3 LFS 608200124 Philippines 2001 Q4 LFS 608200221 Philippines 2002 Q1 LFS 608200222 Philippines 2002 Q2 LFS 608200223 Philippines 2002 Q3 LFS 608200224 Philippines 2002 Q4 LFS 608200321 Philippines 2003 Q1 LFS 608200322 Philippines 2003 Q2 LFS 608200323 Philippines 2003 Q3 LFS 608200324 Philippines 2003 Q4 LFS 608200421 Philippines 2004 Q1 LFS 608200422 Philippines 2004 Q2 LFS 608200423 Philippines 2004 Q3 LFS 608200424 Philippines 2004 Q4 LFS 608200521 Philippines 2005 Q1 LFS 608200522 Philippines 2005 Q2 LFS 608200523 Philippines 2005 Q3 LFS 608200524 Philippines 2005 Q4 LFS 608200621 Philippines 2006 Q1 LFS 608200622 Philippines 2006 Q2 LFS 608200623 Philippines 2006 Q3 LFS 608200624 Philippines 2006 Q4 LFS 608200721 Philippines 2007 Q1 LFS 608200722 Philippines 2007 Q2 LFS 608200723 Philippines 2007 Q3 LFS 608200724 Philippines 2007 Q4 LFS 608200821 Philippines 2008 Q1 LFS 608200822 Philippines 2008 Q2 LFS 608200823 Philippines 2008 Q3 LFS 608200824 Philippines 2008 Q4 LFS 608200921 Philippines 2009 Q1 LFS 608200922 Philippines 2009 Q2 LFS 608200923 Philippines 2009 Q3 LFS 608200924 Philippines 2009 Q4 LFS 608201021 Philippines 2010 Q1 LFS 608201022 Philippines 2010 Q2 LFS 608201023 Philippines 2010 Q3 LFS 608201024 Philippines 2010 Q4 LFS 608201121 Philippines 2011 Q1 LFS 608201122 Philippines 2011 Q2 LFS 608201123 Philippines 2011 Q3 LFS 608201124 Philippines 2011 Q4 LFS 608201221 Philippines 2012 Q1 LFS 608201222 Philippines 2012 Q2 LFS 608201223 Philippines 2012 Q3 LFS 608201224 Philippines 2012 Q4 LFS 608201321 Philippines 2013 Q1 LFS 608201322 Philippines 2013 Q2 LFS 608201323 Philippines 2013 Q3 LFS 608201324 Philippines 2013 Q4 LFS 608201421 Philippines 2014 Q1 LFS 608201422 Philippines 2014 Q2 LFS 608201423 Philippines 2014 Q3 LFS 608201424 Philippines 2014 Q4 LFS 608201521 Philippines 2015 Q1 LFS 608201522 Philippines 2015 Q2 LFS 608201523 Philippines 2015 Q3 LFS 608201524 Philippines 2015 Q4 LFS 608201621 Philippines 2016 Q1 LFS 608201622 Philippines 2016 Q2 LFS 608201623 Philippines 2016 Q3 LFS 608201624 Philippines 2016 Q4 LFS 608201721 Philippines 2017 Q1 LFS 608201722 Philippines 2017 Q2 LFS 608201723 Philippines 2017 Q3 LFS 608201724 Philippines 2017 Q4 LFS 608201821 Philippines 2018 Q1 LFS 608201822 Philippines 2018 Q2 LFS 608201823 Philippines 2018 Q3 LFS 608201824 Philippines 2018 Q4 LFS 608201921 Philippines 2019 Q1 LFS 608201922 Philippines 2019 Q2 LFS 608201923 Philippines 2019 Q3 LFS 608199001 Philippines 1990 608199501 Philippines 1995 608200001 Philippines 2000 608201001 Philippines 2010 616197801 Poland 1978 616198801 Poland 1988 616200201 Poland 2002 616201101 Poland 2011 620198101 Portugal 1981 620199101 Portugal 1991 620200101 Portugal 2001 620201101 Portugal 2011 630197001 Puerto Rico 1970 630198001 Puerto Rico 1980 630199001 Puerto Rico 1990 630200001 Puerto Rico 2000 630200501 Puerto Rico 2005 630201001 Puerto Rico 2010 630201501 Puerto Rico 2015 630202001 Puerto Rico 2020 642197701 Romania 1977 642199201 Romania 1992 642200201 Romania 2002 642201101 Romania 2011 643200201 Russia 2002 643201001 Russia 2010 646199101 Rwanda 1991 646200201 Rwanda 2002 646201201 Rwanda 2012 662198001 Saint Lucia 1980 662199101 Saint Lucia 1991 686198801 Senegal 1988 686200201 Senegal 2002 686201301 Senegal 2013 694200401 Sierra Leone 2004 694201501 Sierra Leone 2015 703199101 Slovak Republic 1991 703200101 Slovak Republic 2001 703201101 Slovak Republic 2011 705200201 Slovenia 2002 710199601 South Africa 1996 710200101 South Africa 2001 710200701 South Africa 2007 710201101 South Africa 2011 710201601 South Africa 2016 728200801 South Sudan 2008 724198101 Spain 1981 724199101 Spain 1991 724200101 Spain 2001 724201101 Spain 2011 724200521 Spain 2005 Q1 LFS 724200522 Spain 2005 Q2 LFS 724200523 Spain 2005 Q3 LFS 724200524 Spain 2005 Q4 LFS 724200621 Spain 2006 Q1 LFS 724200622 Spain 2006 Q2 LFS 724200623 Spain 2006 Q3 LFS 724200624 Spain 2006 Q4 LFS 724200721 Spain 2007 Q1 LFS 724200722 Spain 2007 Q2 LFS 724200723 Spain 2007 Q3 LFS 724200724 Spain 2007 Q4 LFS 724200821 Spain 2008 Q1 LFS 724200822 Spain 2008 Q2 LFS 724200823 Spain 2008 Q3 LFS 724200824 Spain 2008 Q4 LFS 724200921 Spain 2009 Q1 LFS 724200922 Spain 2009 Q2 LFS 724200923 Spain 2009 Q3 LFS 724200924 Spain 2009 Q4 LFS 724201021 Spain 2010 Q1 LFS 724201022 Spain 2010 Q2 LFS 724201023 Spain 2010 Q3 LFS 724201024 Spain 2010 Q4 LFS 724201121 Spain 2011 Q1 LFS 724201122 Spain 2011 Q2 LFS 724201123 Spain 2011 Q3 LFS 724201124 Spain 2011 Q4 LFS 724201221 Spain 2012 Q1 LFS 724201222 Spain 2012 Q2 LFS 724201223 Spain 2012 Q3 LFS 724201224 Spain 2012 Q4 LFS 724201321 Spain 2013 Q1 LFS 724201322 Spain 2013 Q2 LFS 724201323 Spain 2013 Q3 LFS 724201324 Spain 2013 Q4 LFS 724201421 Spain 2014 Q1 LFS 724201422 Spain 2014 Q2 LFS 724201423 Spain 2014 Q3 LFS 724201424 Spain 2014 Q4 LFS 724201521 Spain 2015 Q1 LFS 724201522 Spain 2015 Q2 LFS 724201523 Spain 2015 Q3 LFS 724201524 Spain 2015 Q4 LFS 724201621 Spain 2016 Q1 LFS 724201622 Spain 2016 Q2 LFS 724201623 Spain 2016 Q3 LFS 724201624 Spain 2016 Q4 LFS 724201721 Spain 2017 Q1 LFS 724201722 Spain 2017 Q2 LFS 724201723 Spain 2017 Q3 LFS 724201724 Spain 2017 Q4 LFS 724201821 Spain 2018 Q1 LFS 724201822 Spain 2018 Q2 LFS 724201823 Spain 2018 Q3 LFS 724201824 Spain 2018 Q4 LFS 724201921 Spain 2019 Q1 LFS 724201922 Spain 2019 Q2 LFS 724201923 Spain 2019 Q3 LFS 724201924 Spain 2019 Q4 LFS 724202021 Spain 2020 Q1 LFS 724202022 Spain 2020 Q2 LFS 724202023 Spain 2020 Q3 LFS 724202024 Spain 2020 Q4 LFS 729200801 Sudan 2008 740200401 Suriname 2004 740201201 Suriname 2012 752188001 Sweden 1880 752189001 Sweden 1890 752190001 Sweden 1900 752191001 Sweden 1910 756197001 Switzerland 1970 756198001 Switzerland 1980 756199001 Switzerland 1990 756200001 Switzerland 2000 756201101 Switzerland 2011 834198801 Tanzania 1988 834200201 Tanzania 2002 834201201 Tanzania 2012 764197001 Thailand 1970 764198001 Thailand 1980 764199001 Thailand 1990 764200001 Thailand 2000 768196001 Togo 1960 768197001 Togo 1970 768201001 Togo 2010 780197001 Trinidad and Tobago 1970 780198001 Trinidad and Tobago 1980 780199001 Trinidad and Tobago 1990 780200001 Trinidad and Tobago 2000 780201101 Trinidad and Tobago 2011 792198501 Turkey 1985 792199001 Turkey 1990 792200001 Turkey 2000 800199101 Uganda 1991 800200201 Uganda 2002 800201401 Uganda 2014 804200101 Ukraine 2001 826185101 United Kingdom 1851 (England and Wales) 826185102 United Kingdom 1851 (Scotland) 826185103 United Kingdom 1851 (2% sample) 826186101 United Kingdom 1861 (England and Wales) 826186102 United Kingdom 1861 (Scotland) 826187101 United Kingdom 1871 (Scotland) 826188101 United Kingdom 1881 (England and Wales) 826188102 United Kingdom 1881 (Scotland) 826189101 United Kingdom 1891 (England and Wales) 826189102 United Kingdom 1891 (Scotland) 826190101 United Kingdom 1901 (England and Wales) 826190102 United Kingdom 1901 (Scotland) 826191101 United Kingdom 1911 (England and Wales) 826196101 United Kingdom 1961 826197101 United Kingdom 1971 826199101 United Kingdom 1991 826200101 United Kingdom 2001 840185001 United States 1850 (100%) 840185002 United States 1850 (1%) 840186001 United States 1860 (1%) 840187001 United States 1870 (1%) 840188001 United States 1880 (100%) 840188002 United States 1880 (10%) 840190001 United States 1900 (5%) 840191001 United States 1910 (1%) 840196001 United States 1960 840197001 United States 1970 840198001 United States 1980 840199001 United States 1990 840200001 United States 2000 840200501 United States 2005 840201001 United States 2010 840201501 United States 2015 840202001 United States 2020 858196301 Uruguay 1963 858196302 Uruguay 1963 (full count) 858197501 Uruguay 1975 858197502 Uruguay 1975 (full count) 858198501 Uruguay 1985 858198502 Uruguay 1985 (full count) 858199601 Uruguay 1996 858199602 Uruguay 1996 (full count) 858200621 Uruguay 2006 858201101 Uruguay 2011 858201102 Uruguay 2011 (full count) 862197101 Venezuela 1971 862198101 Venezuela 1981 862199001 Venezuela 1990 862200101 Venezuela 2001 704198901 Vietnam 1989 704199901 Vietnam 1999 704200901 Vietnam 2009 704201901 Vietnam 2019 894199001 Zambia 1990 894200001 Zambia 2000 894201001 Zambia 2010 716201201 Zimbabwe 2012 Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Household serial number SERIAL is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. All person records are assigned the same serial number as the household record that they follow. (Person records also have their own unique identifiers -- see PERNUM.) The combination of SAMPLE and SERIAL provides a unique identifier for every household in the IPUMS-International database; SAMPLE, SERIAL and PERNUM uniquely identify every person in the database. SERIAL can be used to identify dwellings in some samples. In these samples, the first 7 digits of SERIAL provide the dwelling number common to all households that were sampled from the same structure. The last three digits give the sequence of the household within the dwelling. The following is a list of samples in which dwellings can be inferred: Chile 1970, 1992, 2002Colombia 1993, 2005Costa Rica 1984, 2000Cuba 2002Dominican Republic 1981, 2002, 2010Ecuador 1990, 2001Germany 1971Hungary 1980, 1990, 2001Jamaica 1982, 1991, 2001Malaysia 1970, 1991, 2000Mexico 1995, 1990, 2000, 2005Nigeria 2006Panama 2000Peru 1993, 2007Portugal 1981, 1991, 2001Spain 1991Uruguay 2011Venezuela 1990, 2001Vietnam 1989In all other samples, the last 3 digits are always zeroes. SERIAL was constructed for IPUMS-International, and has no relation to the serial number in the original datasets. The U.S. 1900 sample and 1880 10% sample have multi-household dwellings that can be identified using the last 3 digits of SERIAL. SERIAL is a 10-digit numeric variable. The last 3 digits of SERIAL indicate household number within dwelling for selected samples noted in the variable description. In all other samples, the last 3 digits are always zeroes. Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Number of person records in the household PERSONS indicates how many person records are included in the household (i.e., the number of person records associated with the household record in the sample). These person records will all have the same serial number (SERIAL) as the household record. The information contained in the household record will normally apply to all of these persons. PERSONS is a 4-digit numeric variable. Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Household weight HHWT indicates the number of households in the population represented by the household in the sample. For the samples that are truly weighted (see the comparability discussion), HHWT must be used to yield accurate household-level statistics. NOTE: HHWT has 2 implied decimal places. That is, the last two digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. HHWT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description. Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Subsample number SUBSAMP allocates each case to one of 100 subsample replicates, randomly numbered from 0 to 99. Each subsample is nationally representative and preserves any stratification of the sample from which it is drawn. Users who need a representative subset of a sample can use SUBSAMP to select their cases. For example, to randomly extract 10% of the cases from a sample, select any 10 of the 100 subsamples. 00 1st 1% subsample 01 2nd 1% subsample 02 3rd 1% subsample 03 4th 1% subsample 04 5th 1% subsample 05 6th 1% subsample 06 7th 1% subsample 07 8th 1% subsample 08 9th 1% subsample 09 10th 1% subsample 10 11th 1% subsample 11 12th 1% subsample 12 13th 1% subsample 13 14th 1% subsample 14 15th 1% subsample 15 16th 1% subsample 16 17th 1% subsample 17 18th 1% subsample 18 19th 1% subsample 19 20th 1% subsample 20 21st 1% subsample 21 22nd 1% subsample 22 23rd 1% subsample 23 24th 1% subsample 24 25th 1% subsample 25 26th 1% subsample 26 27th 1% subsample 27 28th 1% subsample 28 29th 1% subsample 29 30th 1% subsample 30 31st 1% subsample 31 32nd 1% subsample 32 33rd 1% subsample 33 34th 1% subsample 34 35th 1% subsample 35 36th 1% subsample 36 37th 1% subsample 37 38th 1% subsample 38 39th 1% subsample 39 40th 1% subsample 40 41st 1% subsample 41 42nd 1% subsample 42 43rd 1% subsample 43 44th 1% subsample 44 45th 1% subsample 45 46th 1% subsample 46 47th 1% subsample 47 48th 1% subsample 48 49th 1% subsample 49 50th 1% subsample 50 51st 1% subsample 51 52nd 1% subsample 52 53rd 1% subsample 53 54th 1% subsample 54 55th 1% subsample 55 56th 1% subsample 56 57th 1% subsample 57 58th 1% subsample 58 59th 1% subsample 59 60th 1% subsample 60 61st 1% subsample 61 62nd 1% subsample 62 63rd 1% subsample 63 64th 1% subsample 64 65th 1% subsample 65 66th 1% subsample 66 67th 1% subsample 67 68th 1% subsample 68 69th 1% subsample 69 70th 1% subsample 70 71st 1% subsample 71 72nd 1% subsample 72 73rd 1% subsample 73 74th 1% subsample 74 75th 1% subsample 75 76th 1% subsample 76 77th 1% subsample 77 78th 1% subsample 78 79th 1% subsample 79 80th 1% subsample 80 81st 1% subsample 81 82nd 1% subsample 82 83rd 1% subsample 83 84th 1% subsample 84 85th 1% subsample 85 86th 1% subsample 86 87th 1% subsample 87 88th 1% subsample 88 89th 1% subsample 89 90th 1% subsample 90 91st 1% subsample 91 92nd 1% subsample 92 93rd 1% subsample 93 94th 1% subsample 94 95th 1% subsample 95 96th 1% subsample 96 97th 1% subsample 97 98th 1% subsample 98 99th 1% subsample 99 100th 1% subsample Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Strata identifier This variable is the strata identifier for the sample. The STRATA variable provides information about the sample design that can be used to improve estimation. STRATA is a 12-digit numeric variable. Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Group quarters (collective dwelling) status GQ identifies households as vacant dwellings, group quarters, or private households. Group quarters -- collective dwellings -- are generally institutions and other group living arrangements such as rooming houses and boarding schools. Institutions often retain persons under formal supervision or custody, such as correctional institutions, military barracks, asylums, or nursing homes. Educational and religious group dwellings (e.g., boarding schools, convents, monasteries, etc.) are also included in the institutional classification. Group quarter designations are often useful for understanding the universe of households that answered questions about household characteristics. Censuses will often exclude group quarters from such questions. 00 Vacant 10 Households 20 Group quarters (collective), n.s. 21 Institutions 22 Other group quarters 29 1-person unit created by splitting large household 99 Unknown/group quarters not identified Group Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Urban-rural status URBAN indicates whether the household was located in a place designated as urban or as rural. 1 Rural 2 Urban 9 Unknown Geography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Continent and region of country REGIONW identifies the continent and region of each country. 11 Eastern Africa 12 Middle Africa 13 Northern Africa 14 Southern Africa 15 Western Africa 21 Caribbean 22 Central America 23 North America 24 South America 31 Central Asia 32 Eastern Asia 33 Southern Asia 34 South-Eastern Asia 35 Western Asia 41 Eastern Europe 42 Northern Europe 43 Southern Europe 44 Western Europe 51 Australia and New Zealand 52 Melanesia 53 Micronesia 54 Polynesia Geography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Poland, Voivodship 1978 - 1988 [Level 1; consistent boundaries, GIS] GEO1ALT_PL identifies the household's voivodship within Poland in 1978 and 1988. Voivodships are the first level administrative units of the country. GEO1ALT_PL is spatially harmonized to account for political boundary changes across census years. Some detail is lost in harmonization; see the comparability discussion. A GIS map (in shapefile format), corresponding to GEO1ALT_PL can be downloaded from the GIS Boundary files page in the IPUMS International web site. The full set of geography variables for Poland can be found in the IPUMS International Geography variables list. For cross-national geographic analysis on the first and second major administrative level of any country refer to GEOLEV1, and GEOLEV2. More information on IPUMS-International geography can be found here. 616001 Warszawskie 616003 Bialskopodlaskie 616005 Białostockie 616007 Bielskie 616009 Bydgoskie 616011 Chełmskie 616013 Ciechanowskie 616015 Częstochowskie 616017 Elbląskie 616019 Gdańskie 616021 Gorzowskie 616023 Jeleniogórskie 616025 Kaliskie 616027 Katowickie 616029 Kieleckie 616031 Konińskie 616033 Koszalińskie 616035 Krakowskie 616037 Krośnieńskie 616039 Legnickie 616041 Leszczyńskie 616043 Lubelskie 616045 Łomżyńskie 616047 Łódzkie 616049 Nowosądeckie 616051 Olsztyńskie 616053 Opolskie 616055 Ostrołęckie 616057 Pilskie 616059 Piotrkowskie 616061 Płockie 616063 Poznańskie 616065 Przemyskie 616067 Radomskie 616069 Rzeszowskie 616071 Siedleckie 616073 Sieradzkie 616075 Skierniewickie 616077 Słupskie 616079 Suwalskie 616081 Szczecińskie 616083 Tarnobrzeskie 616085 Tarnowskie 616087 Toruńskie 616089 Wałbrzyskie 616091 Włocławskie 616093 Wrocławskie 616095 Zamojskie 616097 Zielonogórskie Geography: O-Z Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Poland, Voivodship 1978 [Level 1, GIS] GEO1_PL1978 identifies the household's voivodship within Poland in 1978. Voivodships are the first level administrative units of the country. A GIS map (in shapefile format), corresponding to GEO1_PL1978 can be downloaded from the GIS Boundary files page in the IPUMS International web site. The full set of geography variables for Poland can be found in the IPUMS International Geography variables list. For cross-national geographic analysis on the first and second major administrative level of any country refer to GEOLEV1, and GEOLEV2. More information on IPUMS-International geography can be found here. 001 Warszawskie 003 Bialskopodlaskie 005 Białostockie 007 Bielskie 009 Bydgoskie 011 Chełmskie 013 Ciechanowskie 015 Częstochowskie 017 Elbląskie 019 Gdańskie 021 Gorzowskie 023 Jeleniogórskie 025 Kaliskie 027 Katowickie 029 Kieleckie 031 Konińskie 033 Koszalińskie 035 Krakowskie 037 Krośnieńskie 039 Legnickie 041 Leszczyńskie 043 Lubelskie 045 Łomżyńskie 047 Łódzkie 049 Nowosądeckie 051 Olsztyńskie 053 Opolskie 055 Ostrołęckie 057 Pilskie 059 Piotrkowskie 061 Płockie 063 Poznańskie 065 Przemyskie 067 Radomskie 069 Rzeszowskie 071 Siedleckie 073 Sieradzkie 075 Skierniewickie 077 Słupskie 079 Suwalskie 081 Szczecińskie 083 Tarnobrzeskie 085 Tarnowskie 087 Toruńskie 089 Wałbrzyskie 091 Włocławskie 093 Wrocławskie 095 Zamojskie 097 Zielonogórskie Geography: O-Z Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Ownership of dwelling [general version] OWNERSHIP indicates whether a member of the household owned the housing unit. Households that acquired their unit with a mortgage or other lending arrangement were understood to "own" their unit even if they had not yet completed repayment. For those that did not own their housing unit, several options were possible: renting (from various types of owners), subletting, usufruct, and de facto occupation. 0 NIU (not in universe) 1 Owned 2 Not owned 9 Unknown Household Economic Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Ownership of dwelling [detailed version] OWNERSHIP indicates whether a member of the household owned the housing unit. Households that acquired their unit with a mortgage or other lending arrangement were understood to "own" their unit even if they had not yet completed repayment. For those that did not own their housing unit, several options were possible: renting (from various types of owners), subletting, usufruct, and de facto occupation. 000 NIU (not in universe) 100 Owned 110 Owned, already paid 120 Owned, still paying 130 Owned, constructed 140 Owned, inherited 190 Owned, other 191 Owned, house 192 Owned, condominium 193 Apartment proprietor 194 Shared ownership 200 Not owned 210 Renting, not specified 211 Renting, government 212 Renting, local authority 213 Renting, parastatal 214 Renting, private 215 Renting, private company 216 Renting, individual 217 Renting, collective 218 Renting, joint state and individual 219 Renting, public subsidized 220 Renting, private subsidized 221 Renting, co-tenant 222 Renting, relative of tenant 223 Renting, cooperative 224 Renting, with a job or business 225 Renting, loan-backed habitation 226 Renting, mixed contract 227 Furnished dwelling 228 Sharecropping 230 Subletting 231 Rent to own 239 Renting, other 240 Occupied de facto/squatting 250 Free/usufruct (no cash rent) 251 Free, provided by employer 252 Free, without work or services 253 Free, provided by family or friend 254 Free, private 255 Free, public 256 Free, condemned 257 Free, other 260 Endowment, Waqf (Egypt historical) 290 Not owned, other 999 Unknown Household Economic Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Water supply WATSUP describes the physical means by which the housing unit receives its water. The primary distinction is whether or not the household had piped (running) water. 00 NIU (not in universe) 10 Yes, piped water 11 Piped inside dwelling 12 Piped, exclusively to this household 13 Piped, shared with other households 14 Piped outside the dwelling 15 Piped outside dwelling, in building 16 Piped within the building or plot of land 17 Piped outside the building or lot 18 Have access to public piped water 20 No piped water 99 Unknown Utilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Hot water heater HOTWATER indicates whether the housing unit had a water heater. 0 NIU (not in universe) 1 No 2 Yes 9 Unknown/missing Appliances, Mechanicals, Other Amenities Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Number of rooms ROOMS indicates the number of rooms occupied by the housing unit. 00 Part of a room; no rooms 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30+ 98 Unknown 99 NIU (not in universe) Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Kitchen or cooking facilities KITCHEN indicates whether the household had a kitchen, cooking facilities, or room dedicated to food preparation. 00 NIU (not in universe) 10 No kitchen 11 Food is prepared in a non-kitchen room 13 Does not prepare food in the dwelling 20 Yes, have a kitchen 21 Kitchen located inside the dwelling 22 Indoor kitchen, exclusive use 23 Indoor kitchen, shared use 24 Exclusive use of kitchen (indoor/outdoor status not specified) 25 Shared use of kitchen with another household (indoor/outdoor status not specified) 26 Kitchen located outside the dwelling 27 Outdoor kitchen, exclusive use 28 Outdoor kitchen, shared use 99 Unknown/missing Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Toilet TOILET indicates whether the household had access to a toilet and, in most cases, whether it was a flush toilet or other type of installation. 00 NIU (not in universe) 10 No toilet 11 No flush toilet 20 Have toilet, type not specified 21 Flush toilet 22 Non-flush, latrine 23 Non-flush, other and unspecified 99 Unknown Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Year structure was built BUILTYR indicates the year in which construction was completed on the building in which the household resides. 0000 NIU (not in universe) 1870 1870 or earlier 1871 1871 1872 1872 1873 1873 1874 1874 1875 1875 1876 1876 1877 1877 1878 1878 1879 1879 1880 1880 1881 1881 1882 1882 1883 1883 1884 1884 1885 1885 1886 1886 1887 1887 1888 1888 1889 1889 1890 1890 1891 1891 1892 1892 1893 1893 1894 1894 1895 1895 1896 1896 1897 1897 1898 1898 1899 1899 1900 1900 1901 1901 1902 1902 1903 1903 1904 1904 1905 1905 1906 1906 1907 1907 1908 1908 1909 1909 1910 1910 1911 1911 1912 1912 1913 1913 1914 1914 1915 1915 1916 1916 1917 1917 1918 1918 1919 1919 1920 1920 1921 1921 1922 1922 1923 1923 1924 1924 1925 1925 1926 1926 1927 1927 1928 1928 1929 1929 1930 1930 1931 1931 1932 1932 1933 1933 1934 1934 1935 1935 1936 1936 1937 1937 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structure. 000 Less than 1 year old 001 1 year 002 2 years 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200+ 997 Under construction 998 Unknown 999 NIU (not in universe) Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Stories in structure STORIES indicates the number of floors or levels in the building containing the responding housing unit. 00 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 story 02 2 stories 03 3 stories 04 4 stories 05 5 stories 06 6 stories 07 7 stories 08 8 stories 09 9 stories 10 10 stories 11 11 stories 12 12 stories 13 13 stories 14 14 stories 15 15 stories 16 16 stories 17 17 stories 18 18 stories 19 19 stories 20 20 stories 21 21 stories 22 22 stories 23 23 stories 24 24 stories 25 25+ stories 99 Unknown Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Living area in square meters LIVEAREA describes the total living area in the dwelling inhabited by the household. LIVEAREA is a 3-digit numeric variable. Codes000 = NIU (not in universe) 999 = Unknown Top codes:Unless otherwise specified: 998+ Austria 1991-2001: 150+ Belarus 1999: 201+ Belarus 2009: 250+ Germany 1987: 361+ Hungary 2001: 260+ Hungary 2011: 301+ Iran 2006: 501+ Italy 2001: 150+ Italy 2011: 145+ Laos 2005: 200+ Philippines 1990-2010: 200+ Poland 2002: 200+ Romania 2002: 221+ Romania 2011: 500+ Slovenia 2002: 101+ Spain 1991: 181+ Spain 2001-2011: 900+ Switzerland 1980-1990: 400+ Switzerland 2000: 500+ Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Household classification HHTYPE is a constructed variable that describes the composition of households. HHTYPE is constructed from information in RELATE (relationship to head), from the constructed pointer variables SPLOC, MOMLOC, and POPLOC (location of spouse, mother, and father), and from information on group quarters status, GQ. 00 Vacant household 01 One-person household 02 Married/cohab couple, no children 03 Married/cohab couple with children 04 Single-parent family 05 Polygamous family 06 Extended family, relatives only 07 Composite household, family and non-relatives 08 Non-family household 09 Unclassified subfamily 10 Other relative or non-relative household 11 Group quarters 99 Unclassifiable Constructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Number of families in household NFAMS is a constructed variable that indicates the number of families within each household. Family membership is defined by FAMUNIT. A "family" is any group of persons related by blood, adoption, or marriage. An unrelated individual within the household is considered a separate family. Thus, a household consisting of a widow and a domestic employee contains two families; a household consisting of a large, multi-generation extended family with no persons unrelated to the head counts as a single family. NFAMS is constructed from information in RELATE (relationship to head) and from the constructed pointer variables SPLOC, MOMLOC, and POPLOC (location of spouse, mother, and father). See those variable descriptions for more detail. 0 Vacant household 1 1 family 2 2 families 3 3 families 4 4 families 5 5 families 6 6 families 7 7 families 8 8 families 9 9 or more families Constructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Number of married couples in household NCOUPLES is a constructed variable indicating the number of married/in-union couples within a household. NCOUPLES is constructed using the IPUMS-International pointer variable SPLOC (spouse's location in the household). 0 No married couples in household 1 1 couple 2 2 couples 3 3 couples 4 4 couples 5 5 couples 6 6 couples 7 7 couples 8 8 couples 9 9 or more couples Constructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Number of mothers in household NMOTHERS is a constructed variable indicating the number of mothers -- of persons of any age -- within a household. NMOTHERS is constructed using the IPUMS-International pointer variable MOMLOC (mother's location in the household). 0 No mothers in household 1 1 mother 2 2 mothers 3 3 mothers 4 4 mothers 5 5 mothers 6 6 mothers 7 7 mothers 8 8 mothers 9 9 or more mothers in household Constructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Number of fathers in household NFATHERS is a constructed variable indicating the number of fathers -- of persons of any age -- within a household. NFATHERS is constructed using the IPUMS-International pointer variable POPLOC (father's location in the household). 0 No fathers in household 1 1 father 2 2 fathers 3 3 fathers 4 4 fathers 5 5 fathers 6 6 fathers 7 7 fathers 8 8 fathers 9 9 or more fathers in household Constructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Head's location in household HEADLOC gives the person number (PERNUM) of the head of household in samples in which persons are organized into households. HEADLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable. Constructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Dwelling number For each occupied dwelling, mobile unit or provisional premises a separate form A should be completed.</p> <p>____ <span class="lang">Voidvoship </span> <br />____ Town <br />____ Community <br />____ Locality</p> <div class="i1">____ Name<br />____ Type</div><p>____ Street (square, circus, etc.) <br />____ No. of real estate <br />____ No. of dwelling</p> <p>____ Number of attached additional forms A <br />____ No. of census district <br />____ Successive no. of building in census district Poland 1978: All records The variable indicates the dwelling number. This is a 7-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Household number (within dwelling) For each occupied dwelling, mobile unit or provisional premises a separate form A should be completed.</p> <p>____ <span class="lang">Voidvoship </span> <br />____ Town <br />____ Community <br />____ Locality</p> <div class="i1">____ Name<br />____ Type</div><p>____ Street (square, circus, etc.) <br />____ No. of real estate <br />____ No. of dwelling</p> <p>____ Number of attached additional forms A <br />____ No. of census district <br />____ Successive no. of building in census district Poland 1978: All records The variable indicates the household number within the dwelling. 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Number of households in dwelling Poland 1978: All records This variable indicates the number of households that are in the dwelling. 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Number of persons in dwelling Poland 1978: All records This variable indicates the number of persons in the dwelling. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Number of persons in household Poland 1978: All records This variable indicates the number of persons in the household. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 35 35 37 37 Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Kind of locality Poland 1978: All households This variable indicates the type of locality, urban or rural, which the person enumerated lives. 1 Town (urban area) 2 Country (rural area) Geography: O-Z Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Kind of locality in 1978 Poland 1978: All households This variable indicates the kind of locality, defined in 1978 terms, which the person enumerated lives. The types of urban localities in 1978 were differentiated by the number of inhabitants. 0 With 100 thousand inhabitants or more 1 50 to 99.9 thousand inhabitants 2 20 to 49.9 thousand 3 10 to 19.9 thousand 4 5 to 9.9 thousand 5 2 to 4.9 thousand 6 Less than 2 thousand inhabitants 9 Rural area Geography: O-Z Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Type of building 1. Type of building</p> <div class="i1">[] 1 Residential<br />[] 2 Mixed type: for residential and economic purposes<br />[] 3 Collective housing unit, i.e. at least a half of it is occupied by boarding school, hotel, hospital, etc.<br />[] 4 Non-residential</div> 63 <span class="em">Type of building (Question I) [p. 88]</span> <br />1. There are 4 main types of buildings in which the enumerated dwellings may be located: residential, mixed type, collective housing units, and non-residential ones. <br />2. A residential building shall be understood as:</p> <div class="i1">- Each building located on a rural or urban area, which is in its entirety used for occupational purposes,<br />- Each building located on a rural or urban area, which is at least in half used for occupational purposes, and the rest is used for offices, shops, workshops, schools, dormitory, hostel, etc. This rule does not apply to the buildings located on rural areas, in the case of which dwellings are used for both economic and residential purposes (see: point 3 below),</div><p>If it is difficult to specify how much of the building is used for residential purposes, but it is certain that it is at least a half of it, then such a building shall be considered a residential one. For such buildings, the 1 symbol shall be encircled. <br />3. A mixed type building shall be considered as the one located on a rural or urban area, in the case of which a part of it is utilized for residential purposes (there are separate dwellings there), as well as there are economic facilities (barn, shed, etc.) or agricultural ones bused for managing farm. In such a case it does not matter what part is taken by what type of facilities. <br />Before encircling the answer, the census enumerator shall check if the registered building is factually a single entity with two connected parts or two separate buildings. In the latter case, it shall be considered that the dwelling is located in a residential building, not a mixed type one. <br />It shall be assumed that the dwelling is located in a mixed type dwelling if both parts of the object are made of the same material and there is no significant difference between their age or height. In the said event, the 2 answer shall be encircled. <br />In other cases, so if the walls are built form various materials or there is a significant difference between the age and height of the consecutive parts of the building, then it shall be assumed that the registered dwelling is located in a residential building and encircle answer 1. <br />4. A collective housing unit shall be understood as a building, in which at least few rooms or dwellings are occupied by the personnel and at least half of the building is used as a collective housing units, so as a hostel, hotel, sanatorium, hospital, or holiday resort. Only in the case, if the collective housing facilities take exactly the half of the building, the dwelling registered in such a building shall be considered as located in a residential building, not in a collective housing unit. <br />For collective housing units the 3 answer shall be indicated. <br />5. A non-residential building shall be understood as a building in which one or few dwellings are located but it is in more than half used as a non-residential facility, so as a factory, workshop, school, office, shop. For such buildings the 4 answer shall be specified.</p> <p>71 <span class="em">"Collective housing unit" term [p. 100]</span> <br />1. A collective housing unit shall be understood as the place of collective occupation (inhabitation) in which a number of individuals live permanently or temporarily. <br />Collective housing units are:</p> <div class="i1">a) Hostels, dormitories, student's houses, child's houses, teenager support houses, small child care facilities, pensioner houses, facilities for severely and permanently ill individuals, facilities for blind people, care centers for disabled or mentally ill patients, professional car facilities, monasteries, convents, and other collective housing units as such in which the occupants live (from few months to few years) for a longer time or permanently<br />b) Hotels, holiday resorts tourist shelters, temporary caretaking facilities, hospitals, and sanatoriums, in the case of which the stay is typically temporal in character.</div><p>2. Collective housing units shall be registered by using the Az form for this purpose. Only in the case if a standard hostel is registered (see question 17 on page 7), then the A form shall be utilized for registration. <br />The principles provided below concern the registration of collective housing units only. Poland 1978: Private dwellings excluding provisional or mobile housing [discrepancies: type I 0.2%; type II trace] This variable indicates the type of building. 1 Residential 2 Mixed type, for residential and economic purposes 3 Collective housing 4 Non-residential 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Group Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Period (year) of construction of building 2. Period (year) of construction</p> <div class="i1">[] X before 1918<br />[] 9 1918 - 1944<br />[] 0 1945 - 1970<br />[] For buildings constructed after 1970 two last digits of construction year should be written in _ _</div> 64 <span class="em">Period (year) of construction (Question II) [p. 89]</span> <br />1. For the buildings constructed up to 1970, the period of construction is only required and shall be specified as follows:</p> <div class="i1">- For the buildings constructed before 1918 that is before the end of the First World War, the x symbol shall be encircled,<br />- The 9 symbol shall be encircled for all the buildings constructed during the interwar period, that is 1918-1944,<br />- The 0 symbol shall be encircled for buildings constructed between 1945-1970 that is after the Second World War and up to the last census.</div><p>2. For the buildings constructed after 1970, the exact year of construction shall be provided. <br />3. If the building was constructed in parts, then the date of construction of the last part of the building shall be specified. <br />4. If during the census the building is not yet completed but some parts of it are occupied (one part of the building is used and the others are constructed), then the symbol of the current year (78) shall be provided. <br />If the construction has been canceled and only a part of the building is completed, then the year of construction of the said part shall be indicated. <br />5. If the building has been reconstructed after the war-related damages (with the utilization of the original walls), then the year of its construction rather than that of the said renovation shall be specified in the form. <br />6. If the building has been reconstructed in its entirety, then the year of such a reconstruction shall be specified (the case may concern whole cities as well). Poland 1978: Private dwellings excluding provisional or mobile housing [discrepancies: type I 0.2%; type II trace] This variable indicates the year that the building was constructed in. 00 Before 1918 01 1918 to 1944 02 1945 to 1970 03 1971 04 1972 05 1973 06 1974 07 1975 08 1976 09 1977 10 1978 98 Unknown 99 NIU (not in universe) Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Form of ownership of the building 3. Form of ownership</p> <div class="i1">[] Owned by institution</div><div class="i2">Write in full name of institution being owner ____</div><div class="i1">[] Owned by individual person</div><div class="i2">Write in name and first name of owner ____</div><div class="i1">Is the building at the disposal of local state administration body?</div><div class="i2">Please encircle the relevant.<br /><br />[] Yes<br />[] No</div> 65 <span class="em">Form of ownership (Question III) [p. 90]</span> <br />1. The owner of the building is the person or organization having the right of ownership to it, regardless of the fact if the building is used for personal purposes or leased to other entities or organizations. <br />2. There are certain buildings, both collective and communal ones, that are not managed by a single owner but by a specialized unit (housing administrative). In such a case, the rightful owner rather than the manager shall be specified while answering question 3. <br />3. Question 3 has two tables, but only one of them shall be filled in while filling in the given form:</p> <div class="i1">- Left table shall be filled in for buildings owned by organizations,<br />- Right table shall be filled in for buildings owned by individual persons (single ones and collectives),</div><p>If a part of the building is owned by an institution and the remaining part by an individual person, then the owner is the entity managing the majority of the building. <br />4. If the building is owned by a multi-plant company but only a given branch of the company manages it, then the name of the branch shall not be provided alone, but also preceded by the name of the company in question. The case concerns especially agricultural firms. The names "Agricultural workshop", "Ranch", "Gardening workshop", or "Production workshop" are not sufficient. The gardening workshop may be owned by the Local Gardening Company, and in such a case, in question number 3, the, for example "Provincial Beekeeping and Horticulture Company in S?upsk Sierpowo Orchard" or "Industrial and Agricultural Complex in Cz?uchowo Wyczechy Agricultural Workshop" shall be provided. <br />5. In the case of buildings owned by the Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Internal Affairs, and Ministry of Material Management, then it shall be considered to be a "governmental building". <br />6. If the building is owned by an individual person, then, aside from his or her name and first name, it shall be also specified if the building is at the disposal of local state administration body. Such information shall be provided only for regions, where local state administration bodies grant permits to occupy a given building or dwelling. <br />During the professional training, the census enumerators will be informed in what areas the said permits are granted by the aforementioned bodies. <br />In the case of the regions, to which the rule does not apply, the "NO" answer shall be provided to that question. <br />7. There may be some difficulties in specifying the personal data of the entity managing the building. The situation especially concerns buildings which have been sold without issuing a notarial act in any form. If there is a justified assumption that a given person is the owner of the building, than his or her personal data shall be provided ,with an additional annotation that the answer shall not be lawfully binding. <br />8. If a farmer given away the agricultural facilities in return for an allowance, but basing on the free lodging act he occupies the part with habitable spaces, the institution having he right of ownership shall be considered the owner of the building rather than the farmer himself. <br />9. In the case of buildings managed by churches and religious organizations the left part concerning ownership by companies shall be filled in. Poland 1978: Private dwellings excluding provisional or mobile housing [discrepancies: type I 0.2%; type II trace] This variable indicates who has ownership of the building. 1 Local state administration body 2 State-owned collective farm 3 Housing cooperative 4 Other socialized institution 5 Owned by individual person 6 Owned by individual person but at the disposal of local site administration body 7 Religious institution 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Household Economic Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Number of floors in building 4. Height of building (number of floors)</p> <div class="i1">[] 0 Ground-floor building<br />[] 1 One-floor building<br />[] 2 Two-floor building<br />[] 3 Three-floor building<br />[] 4 Four-floor building<br />[] 5 Five to nine-floor building<br />[] 6 Ten-floor building<br />[] 7 Eleven-floor building<br />[] 8 Twelve and over-floor building</div> 66 <span class="em">Height of building (number of floors) (Question IV) [p. 92]</span> <br />1. The height of the building is specified by its number of floors. If various parts of the building have various heights, then the higher one shall be taken into account (if the front part has 3 floors and the back only 2, then the 3 number shall be provided). In the case of buildings located on the hill, the height shall be calculated from the slope side. <br />2. In buildings without basements, the floors are considered to be all the sets of spaces from the very bottom and in the case of buildings in basements from the first but one from the bottom. <br />3. Attics and ground floors are not considered factual floors. <br />Attic is frequently the part of the building directly covered with the roof. In the case of mountain houses, when there are two or more spaces covered by the roof, it may be difficult to state which of them are in fact floors. It shall be assumed that it at least half of all the floor is surrounded by walls from all four sides, then the set of rooms shall be considered a floor. Otherwise, it shall be considered an attic. Poland 1978: Private dwellings excluding provisional or mobile housing [discrepancies: type I 0.2%; type II trace] This variable indicates the height, represented in number of floors, that the building is. 00 Ground floor building 01 1 floor 02 2 floors 03 3 04 4 05 5 to 9 06 10 07 11 08 12 or more 98 Unknown 99 NIU (not in universe) Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Material of outer walls of the building 5. Outer wall's material</p> <div class="i1">[] 1 Not combustible (e.g. bricks, concrete, etc.)<br />[] 2 Combustible (wood, etc.)</div> 67 <span class="em">Outer walls' material (Question V) [p. 92]</span> <br />1. It shall be specified if the outer walls are made out of combustible or non-combustible material. <br />2. Non-combustible materials are:</p> <div class="i1">- All types of bricks,<br />- Concrete,<br />- All types of stones (granite, sandstone, etc.),<br />- Blocks, hollow bricks, concrete blocks, foam blocks, mixed plates,<br />- Clay, Heraclitus, marl, supreme, sinter, grid, etc.</div><p>Buildings based on steel or concrete framework shall be also considered to have non-combustible walls. <br />3. Combustible materials are:</p> <div class="i1">- Wooden sticks, logs, and blocks,<br />- Wooden walls with bricks and stone inside,<br />- Reed, straw, etc.</div><p>If the building has been made out of wooden logs, boards, or similar material and then covered with pontiff or plaster it shall still be considered to have combustible walls. <br />4. If the walls of the building are made out of various combustible and non-combustible materials, then the prevailing one shall be chosen. If the distribution between all the utilized materials is equal, then the building shall be considered to have combustible walls. <br />5. While answering the question, only the material of walls shall be considered, without additional constructional elements attached to the building. Poland 1978: Private dwellings excluding provisional or mobile housing [discrepancies: type I 0.2%; type II trace] This variable indicates whether the outer walls of the building are made up of non- combustible or combustible materials. 1 Not combustible (not flammable) 2 Combustible (flammable) 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Type of occupied housing unit <span class="h1">Type of occupied housing unit:</span><div class="i1">Please encircle symbol number of the relevant type of housing unit. In the case of symbols 2 or 3 the type of occupied unit should be more precisely specified (e.g. barge, trailer, barn, etc.)<br /><br />[] 1 Dwelling<br />[] 2 Mobile unit</div><div class="i2">Specify ________</div><div class="i1">[] 3 Provisional premises</div><div class="i2">Specify ________</div> <span class="em">Mobile unit</span> <br />9. Mobile units are units occupied by certain groups of people, especially due to the nature of their work or the followed lifestyle. Those are frequently barges, trailers, ships, or railway carriages). <br />10. If a given mobile unit is occupied by workers in connection with the nature of their work, for example by construction workers, they shall be considered to be the representatives of a collective household and registered in the Az form (utilized for registering collective households). <br />11. It should be taken into account, that mobile units are rarely indicated in N-obw forms. If, during the pre-census round or during the census proper, the census enumerator encounters such an object, it should be indicated in the A (Az) form, as well as included in the N-obw form.</p> <p><span class="em">Provisional premises</span> <br />12. Provisional premises are the objects which are not suitable to serve as habitable spaces, but still serve as shelters for people, especially after certain unforeseeable events, such as natural disasters. Those are, among others: all types of utility rooms, provisional shacks, barns, trailers, and attics, as well as shops, storage areas, garages, etc. <br />13. Basements and attics serving as provisional premises shall not be confused with standard dwellings located in basements and attics. It should be remembered that typically basement are storage-oriented areas without windows and rather not properly decorated, without proper floors or roughcasts. Attics are frequently the rooms that are directly covered with the roof of the building. <br />In the case of some modern buildings, in the designing stage there are certain spaces designed to serve as basements, drying rooms, washing rooms, etc. They may be even adjusted to occupational standards (direct lighting, proper roughcast on the walls, flooring, and sanitary devices installed). The only difference in their case is the height, as they tend to be a bit shorter, approximately 2.2 m. Such rooms shall not be considered provisional premises but rather a part of the dwelling or a dwelling proper (depending on whether or not there are other rooms in the building). 14. It should be remembered that a given provisional premises may not have been indicated in the N-obw form. If, during the pre-census round or during the census proper, the census enumerator encounters such an object, it should be indicated in the A (Az) form, as well as included in the N-obw form. Poland 1978: All households This variable indicates the type of occupied housing unit. 0 Collective housing 1 Dwelling 2 Mobile unit 3 Provisional premises Group Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Usable floor space (in square meters) 1. Useful floor space (total)</p> <div class="i1">Write in number of square meters (integer, without fraction) ____<br /><br />Useful dwelling space equals the sum of spaces within dwelling, i.e. spaces of rooms, kitchen with window or without it, rooms not occupied or seasonally used, antechamber, bathroom, toilet, pantry chamber, glazed veranda, etc.</div> 19. <span class="em">Useful floor space (total) (Question I) [p.33]</span> <br />1. Useful total floor space of a given dwelling is the sum of all the floor spaces of the rooms being part of the said object that is spaces of rooms, kitchen with window or without it, rooms not occupied or seasonally used, antechambers, bathrooms, toilets, pantry chambers, glazed verandas, as well as other rooms having different or similar names. <br />Floor space of porches and verandas shall be added to the useful floor space only if they have the form of enclosed spaces that is covered with walls from all sides (the walls may be partially glazed). <br />2. While specifying total floor space of the houses located in rural areas, there may be some difficulties with including the porch in the calculation process. In such a case, the following principles shall be taken into account: <br />a) Porch is not considered to be a useful part of the dwelling and is not added while calculating useful total floor space if:</p> <div class="i1">- Porch is used to connect habitable spaces with agricultural buildings and facilities,<br />- There is a main hall in the dwelling despite the said porch,<br />- There are more dwellings in the house and the porch is utilized as hall by the inhabitants</div><p>b) If none of the following applies, the porch is considered to be a useful part of the dwelling and is added while calculating useful total floor space. <br />3. Useful total floor space of the dwelling incorporates also the areas that are covered by in-built chimneys, wardrobes, as well as all the niches and nooks in the dwelling. <br />4. While specifying the total floor space of the dwelling, the following should not be taken into account:</p> <div class="i1">- Rooms utilized for professional purposes only, if such spaces have separate entrances from the hall or yard.<br />- Rooms that are too devastated to inhabit.</div><p>5.<span class="em"> Useful total floor space of rooms built by modifying the initial structure of the roof </span>shall be calculated as follows:</p> <div class="i1">- Floor space of the rooms the ceilings of which is located on the height of 2 m and more shall be calculated in its entirety,<br />- Floor space of the rooms the ceilings of which is located on the height of 1.10 1.99 m shall be divided by half,<br />- Floor space of the rooms the ceilings of which is located on the height of 1 m and less shall not be calculated at all.</div><p>6. Data concerning useful total floor space of the dwelling may be taken from the auxiliary form filled in by the lodger (user of dwelling). During the census session, the census enumerator leaves such forms in all the visited dwellings for the inhabitants to provide the census office with additional pieces of information, among others, with the calculations concerning floor space. The said form incorporates tips and hints on how to calculate the value in question. The responsibility of the census enumerator is to familiarize himself or herself with those pieces of information. <br />Before transferring the said data from the auxiliary form to the main one, the census enumerator shall at first visit all the habitable spaces in the dwelling and check whether or not the measurements specified in the former are acceptable and plausible. If there are certain doubts about the validity of calculations or the lodger has not filled in the auxiliary form, the census enumerator shall ask for a document containing the said information to be presented to him or her. If such documentation is available, then the enumerator shall transfer data provided therein to the main form. If there is no accessible notification justifying the provided useful floor space, the enumerator shall ask the lodger to measure the space in all the rooms. If possible, the former shall help and support the user of dwelling in the performance of the said task. Data concerning total floor space shall be provided in full square meters after proper rounding off. Decimals from 1 to 4 shall be neglected and 5 to 9 considered to be full meters. For example, for values from 45.1 m2 to 45.4 m2, the 45 m2 value shall be provided and for 45.5 m2 to 45.9 m2 46 m2. Poland 1978: Private dwellings excluding provisional or mobile housing [discrepancies: type I 0.1%, type II none] This variable indicates the amount of useable floor space, in meters squared, that the dwelling has. PL1978A0031 is a 3-digit numeric variable. Codes999 = NIU. Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Number of rooms that are kitchens 2. Number of rooms</p> <div class="i1">(a) Living rooms ____<br />(b) Kitchens with window, with floor space of 4 square meters or more ____<br />(c) Other rooms (e.g. not occupied rooms, seasonally used rooms, rooms for storing household facilities, etc.) Do not include pantry chambers of rural type and dilapidated rooms. ____</div><div class="i1">Total number of rooms (a + b + c) ____</div> 20 <span class="em">Number of rooms (Question II) [p. 35]</span> <br />1. <span class="em">A room shall be understood as:</span>a part of the dwelling which is additionally separated from other rooms with walls, having direct lighting, and characterized by the useful floor space no smaller than 4 meters squared. <br />Direct lighting shall be understood as a window or glazed doors located on the outer side of the building and therefore granting the view of the yard, street, garden, porch, etc. <br />If there is no direct lighting in the habitable space then, even if it has an internal window (skylight) connected with other rooms or the hall, such a space shall not be considered a room. <br />2. <span class="em">All the rooms in the dwelling must be registered, </span>so both those occupied, partially used, and unoccupied ones. What is more, rooms used only for vocation-related purposes (consulting rooms, shoemaker's workshops, tailoring rooms) must be included in this category as well, if only they are located within the dwelling. However, if a given room, which is used strictly for the vocation-related purposes has a separate entrance from the hall, yard, or other freely accessible part of the room, then it shall not be considered a separate room, even it is a part of the dwelling. Such a space shall also not be included while calculating total floor space of the dwelling (see 19, point 4). <br />3. Habitable spaces shall be divided in the following manner:</p> <div class="i1">a) Rooms,<br />b) Kitchens,<br />c) Other rooms.</div><p>Such spaces as multifunctional rooms (serving education, relaxation, food consumption, and rest-related purposes), bedrooms, dining rooms, kitchens, kids' rooms, as well as all the rooms used for vocational purposes (offices, workshops) and those utilized as accommodation for visitors and patients shall be indicated in point a. <br />In point b, kitchens with windows of the overall floor space of 4 m2 or more shall be indicated that is kitchens that may be qualified as typical rooms. <br /><span class="em">Kitchens without windows </span>shall not fall into this category, even if their total floor space exceed 4 m2 , as well as kitchens with windows, the floor space of which is lower than 4 m2. The said spaces shall be indicated in point c. <br />One-room dwellings which also serve the role of kitchens should be classified in accordance with the opinion of the lodger. If the latter has some difficulties with classifying such a room, then it should be assumed that a habitable space equipped with a coal or gas-powered furnace (connected to the bottle or the network) shall be considered a kitchen and a space in which a small electric oven or moveable cooker is stored shall be classified as a room. <br />Point c other rooms has been implemented with other (furnished) habitable spaces that are not currently used for occupational purposes in mind. Such a specification concerns especially:</p> <div class="i1">- rooms utilized to store various kitchen utensils, clothing, furniture, food products, etc.<br />- rooms that are used seasonally only, for example during summer,<br />- empty rooms that may be but are not taken advantage of,<br />- partially devastated and not renovated rooms which can be easily restored to their initial condition (for example: replacement of windows or installation of doors is required),<br />- rooms not equipped with a furnace and therefore not utilized during winter.</div><p>The latter are characteristic for rural areas but such cases may be encountered in towns and cities as well. If the lodgers not consider them to be proper rooms, then they should not be indicated while filling in the main form. <br />Rooms that are so devastated that they cannot be used anymore shall not be indicated (as well as their floor space shall not be calculated see: question 19, point 4). <br />Rooms that are taken advantage of to store food products shall not be mistaken with typical pantries which are built with storage of large quantities of food in mind and are larger, as well as have bigger windows. Typical pantries are not rooms and shall not be indicated in the form. Nevertheless, they shall be included while calculating the total useful floor space. <br />4. Such spaces as halls, bathrooms, toilets, verandas, porches, typical pantries, sheds and chambers <span class="em">are not rooms </span>regardless of their floor space and type of lighting. Poland 1978: Private dwellings excluding provisional or mobile housing [discrepancies: type I 0.1%, type II none] This variable indicates the number of rooms in the dwelling that are kitchens. For this variable, a kitchen is defined as a room with a window that has an overall floor space of 4 square meters or more. 0 No kitchen 1 1 kitchen 2 2 kitchens 3 3 4 4 5 5 or more 9 NIU (not in universe) Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Number of rooms in the dwelling 2. Number of rooms</p> <div class="i1">(a) Living rooms ____<br />(b) Kitchens with window, with floor space of 4 square meters or more ____<br />(c) Other rooms (e.g. not occupied rooms, seasonally used rooms, rooms for storing household facilities, etc.) Do not include pantry chambers of rural type and dilapidated rooms. ____</div><div class="i1">Total number of rooms (a + b + c) ____</div> 20 <span class="em">Number of rooms (Question II) [p. 35]</span> <br />1. <span class="em">A room shall be understood as:</span>a part of the dwelling which is additionally separated from other rooms with walls, having direct lighting, and characterized by the useful floor space no smaller than 4 meters squared. <br />Direct lighting shall be understood as a window or glazed doors located on the outer side of the building and therefore granting the view of the yard, street, garden, porch, etc. <br />If there is no direct lighting in the habitable space then, even if it has an internal window (skylight) connected with other rooms or the hall, such a space shall not be considered a room. <br />2. <span class="em">All the rooms in the dwelling must be registered, </span>so both those occupied, partially used, and unoccupied ones. What is more, rooms used only for vocation-related purposes (consulting rooms, shoemaker's workshops, tailoring rooms) must be included in this category as well, if only they are located within the dwelling. However, if a given room, which is used strictly for the vocation-related purposes has a separate entrance from the hall, yard, or other freely accessible part of the room, then it shall not be considered a separate room, even it is a part of the dwelling. Such a space shall also not be included while calculating total floor space of the dwelling (see 19, point 4). <br />3. Habitable spaces shall be divided in the following manner:</p> <div class="i1">a) Rooms,<br />b) Kitchens,<br />c) Other rooms.</div><p>Such spaces as multifunctional rooms (serving education, relaxation, food consumption, and rest-related purposes), bedrooms, dining rooms, kitchens, kids' rooms, as well as all the rooms used for vocational purposes (offices, workshops) and those utilized as accommodation for visitors and patients shall be indicated in point a. <br />In point b, kitchens with windows of the overall floor space of 4 m2 or more shall be indicated that is kitchens that may be qualified as typical rooms. <br /><span class="em">Kitchens without windows </span>shall not fall into this category, even if their total floor space exceed 4 m2 , as well as kitchens with windows, the floor space of which is lower than 4 m2. The said spaces shall be indicated in point c. <br />One-room dwellings which also serve the role of kitchens should be classified in accordance with the opinion of the lodger. If the latter has some difficulties with classifying such a room, then it should be assumed that a habitable space equipped with a coal or gas-powered furnace (connected to the bottle or the network) shall be considered a kitchen and a space in which a small electric oven or moveable cooker is stored shall be classified as a room. <br />Point c other rooms has been implemented with other (furnished) habitable spaces that are not currently used for occupational purposes in mind. Such a specification concerns especially:</p> <div class="i1">- rooms utilized to store various kitchen utensils, clothing, furniture, food products, etc.<br />- rooms that are used seasonally only, for example during summer,<br />- empty rooms that may be but are not taken advantage of,<br />- partially devastated and not renovated rooms which can be easily restored to their initial condition (for example: replacement of windows or installation of doors is required),<br />- rooms not equipped with a furnace and therefore not utilized during winter.</div><p>The latter are characteristic for rural areas but such cases may be encountered in towns and cities as well. If the lodgers not consider them to be proper rooms, then they should not be indicated while filling in the main form. <br />Rooms that are so devastated that they cannot be used anymore shall not be indicated (as well as their floor space shall not be calculated see: question 19, point 4). <br />Rooms that are taken advantage of to store food products shall not be mistaken with typical pantries which are built with storage of large quantities of food in mind and are larger, as well as have bigger windows. Typical pantries are not rooms and shall not be indicated in the form. Nevertheless, they shall be included while calculating the total useful floor space. <br />4. Such spaces as halls, bathrooms, toilets, verandas, porches, typical pantries, sheds and chambers <span class="em">are not rooms </span>regardless of their floor space and type of lighting. Poland 1978: Private dwellings excluding provisional or mobile housing [discrepancies: type I 0.1%, type II none] This variable indicates the number of rooms in the dwelling. 00 No rooms 01 1 room 02 2 rooms 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 99 NIU (not in universe) Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Space for kitchen, not in a room 3. Space for kitchen not being room</p> <div class="i1">Space without window or of space below 4 square meters.<br /><br />[] 1 There is such a place<br />[] 0 No such space</div> 21. <span class="em">Space for kitchen not being room (Question III) [p.37]</span><div class="i1">1. <span class="em">Spaces for kitchen </span>serve the same role as typical kitchens being rooms (preparation and consumption of meals), but due to lack of proper lighting or the overall floor space below 4 m2 are not considered rooms and cannot be indicated in question II in point b. Question number III was incorporated into the form in order to indicate the presence of such spaces in the dwelling.<br />2. Provision of answer to question number III is based on encircling the 1 symbol if there is such a space in the dwelling or, encircling the 0 if there is no such space present.<br />3. It may happen, especially in the case of dwellings occupied by two or more households, that there is another space not being a room despite the kitchen. Such a state of affairs shall be indicated by indicating the kitchen in question II, position b, as well as space for kitchen not being room in question III.</div> Poland 1978: Private dwellings excluding provisional or mobile housing [discrepancies: type I 0.1%, type II none] This variable indicates whether there is space for kitchen (that is not in a room) in the dwelling. A kitchen is defined as a room with a window that has an overall floor space of 4 square meters or more. Due to lack of lighting or the overall floor space being below 4 meters squares, there may not be a room for a kitchen; but there could be space in the dwelling that serves the same role as the typical kitchen. 0 No such space 1 There is such a place 9 NIU (not in universe) Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Piped water supply 4. Piped water</p> <div class="i1">[] Inhabitants use piped water facilities</div><div class="i2">Within dwelling</div><div class="i3">Facilities linked:<br />[] 1 To the public water supply system<br />[] 2 To local system</div><div class="i2">Outside dwelling, but within the building</div><div class="i3">[] 3 As above in point 1<br />[] 4 As above in point 2</div><div class="i1">[] 0 There are not available such facilities in dwelling nor in building</div> 23. <span class="em">Piped water (Question IV) [p.38]</span> <br />1. <span class="em">If, within the dwelling</span>, there is a tap with running water installed then, basing on the hints and tips in points 3 and 4, the census enumerator shall specify whether such a facility is connected to the public water supply system or to the local system, and in accordance with the specified answer encircle symbol 1 or 2. <br />2. <span class="em">If there is no tap with running water inside the dwelling, </span>but such a device is located inside the building (for example, in the hall) and is used as such by the <span class="em">inhabitants of the building</span>, it must be also specified whether the device is connected to the public water supply system or to the local system, and in accordance with the specified answer encircle symbol 3 or 4. <br />3<span class="em">. Public water supply system </span>shall be understood as a set of pipes transferring water from the source to the separate buildings and the overall length of such pipe-based connections is equal to or longer than 250 m. <br />Not only municipal water supply systems shall be taken into account but also those provincial and house estate ones, as they may be exploited, for example, in the area of a housing estate. What is more, the census enumerator shall also check for workplace water supply systems which may be used, for example, by mines, railway associations, agricultural farms, water associations, military units, etc. Length is the only decisive feature here. <br />4. <span class="em">Local water supply </span>system shall be understood as a system supplying water to one or more buildings located in a close vicinity where the length of pipes does not exceed 250 m. Local systems are sometimes called individual systems or, in rural areas agricultural ones. <br />Local systems may be owned by one or more lodgers, as well as may be managed by organized agricultural units, production associations, factories, etc. <br />5. In some <span class="em">mountain areas, there are gravitational water supply systems. </span>If such a system is taken advantage of in order to provide running water to at least 5 buildings and the overall length of the installation exceeds 250 m, such a system may be considered a proper water supply one. In all other cases, it shall be classified as a local system. <br />6. <span class="em">If there is no water supply system within the dwelling and the inhabitants do not use the system installed inside the house, then the 0 symbol shall be encircled.</span> <br />In some cases, the inhabitants of a given building may have access to running water, but in order to do so, it is necessary to leave the building. In such an instance, the 0 shall be encircled as well. Poland 1978: Private dwellings excluding provisional or mobile housing [discrepancies: type I 0.1%, type II none] This variable indicates the type of piped water system, and whether the system is within the dwelling. 0 There are not available such facilities in dwelling nor in building 1 Public water system, within dwelling 2 Local system, within dwelling 3 Public water system, within the building 4 Local system, within the building 9 NIU (not in universe) Utilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Flush toilet in the dwelling 5. Flush toilet</p> <div class="i1">[] Inhabitants use piped water facilities for flush toilet</div><div class="i2">Within dwelling</div><div class="i3">Facilities connected:<br />[] 1 To the public water supply system<br />[] 2 To local system</div><div class="i2">Outside dwelling, but within the building</div><div class="i3">[] 3 As above in point 1<br />[] 4 As above in point 2</div><div class="i1">[] 0 There is no access to flush toilet in dwelling nor in building</div> 24. <span class="em">Flush toilet (Question V) [p.39]</span> <br />1. <span class="em">Only toilets flushed with running water that is </span> connected to the water supply system shall be indicated. <br />2. <span class="em">If, within the dwelling, there is a flush toilet installed </span> then, basing on the hints and tips in points 4 and 5, the census enumerator shall specify whether wastewater is removed my means of public or local water treatment system, and in accordance with the specified answer encircle symbol 1 or 2. <br />3. If there is no flush toilet inside the dwelling, but such a device is located <span class="em">inside the building </span>(for example, in the hall or basement) and is used as such by <span class="em">the inhabitants of the building,</span> it must be also specified whether the device is connected to the public water treatment system or to the <span class="em">local system</span>, and in accordance with the specified answer encircle symbol 3 or 4. <br />In some cases, the inhabitants of the building (all or some of them) have private flush toilet which are not located within the dwelling but in the same time inside the house. Even if such a system is utilized by the representatives of a single household only, it should be considered to be located within the building rather than within the dwelling. <br />4<span class="em">. Water treatment system </span>shall be understood as an underground sewerage system utilized to transfer wastewater from the dwellings to a given destination, such as river, channel, lake, sea, upper layer of the ground), if only the overall length of the installation is equal to or exceeds 250 m. It may be a general water treatment system, as well as economic or natural waste treatment one. The latter as the name suggests is utilized to remove the surplus of natural wastewater but in some cases, dwellings or whole houses can be connected to it. <br />Water treatment system, such as water supply one, may be municipal, provincial or workplace-managed. <br />5. <span class="em">Local water treatment system </span>shall be understood as a network connecting few neighboring buildings and transferring wastewater to a cesspit or to river, channel, lake, sea, upper layer of the ground, etc. The distance between the destination and the buildings does not exceed 250 m. <br />Local water treatment system, similarly to a local water supply one, may be owned by one or more lodgers, as well as may be managed by organized agricultural units. <br />6. If there is no water treatment system within the dwelling and the inhabitants do not use the system installed inside the house, then the 0 symbol shall be encircled. <br />In some cases, the inhabitants of a given building may have access to a flush toilet, but in order to do so, it is necessary to leave the building. In such an instance, the 0 shall be encircled as well. Poland 1978: Private dwellings excluding provisional or mobile housing [discrepancies: type I 0.1%, type II none] This variable indicates whether there is a flush toilet in the dwelling, and the facilities that the flush toilet is connected to. 0 There is no access to flush toilet in dwelling nor in building 1 Connected to public system, within dwelling 2 Connected to the local system, within dwelling 3 Connected to public system, within the building 4 Connected to the local system, within the building 9 NIU (not in universe) Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Sink or washbasin 6. Sink or washbasin</p> <div class="i1">[] Inhabitants use piped water facilities for sink or basin</div><div class="i2">Within dwelling</div><div class="i3">Facilities connected:<br />[] 1 To the public water supply system<br />[] 2 To local system</div><div class="i2">Outside dwelling, but within the building</div><div class="i3">[] 3 As above in point 1<br />[] 4 As above in point 2</div><div class="i1">[] 0 There is no access to sink or washbasin in dwelling nor in building</div> 25. <span class="em">Sink or washbasin (Question VI) [p.40]</span> <br />1. While specifying the answer to this question, the census enumerator shall take advantage of the hints and tips provided in points 4 and 5 of question 24. <br />2. If, <span class="em">within the dwelling</span>, there is <span class="em">a sink or washbasin installed as well as both the </span>devices, making it possible to remove the surplus of wastewater, the census enumerator shall specify whether wastewater is removed my means of public or local water treatment system , and in accordance with the specified answer encircle symbol 1 or 2. <br />3. If there is no sink or washbasin inside the dwelling, but such devices are located <span class="em">inside the building </span>(for example, in the hall) and is used as such by the inhabitants of the building, it must be also specified whether the device is connected to the public water treatment system or to the local system, and in accordance with the specified answer encircle symbol 3 or 4. <br />4. In some specific cases, the inhabitants use the sink, from which wastewater is transferred to a gutter (open sewer). Such cases shall be classified as using local system and depending on localization of the system inside or outside the house, symbol 2 or 4 shall be encircled. <br />5. If there is <span class="em">no water treatment system </span>within the dwelling and the inhabitants do not use the system installed inside the house, then the 0 symbol shall be encircled. Poland 1978: Private dwellings excluding provisional or mobile housing [discrepancies: type I 0.1%, type II trace] The variable indicates whether there is a sink or washbasin within the dwelling, and what type of facilities the sink or washbasin is connected to. 0 There is no access to sink or washbasin in dwelling nor in building 1 Connected to public system, within dwelling 2 Connected to the local system, within dwelling 3 Connected to public system, within the building 4 Connected to the local system, within the building 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Appliances, Mechanicals, Other Amenities Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Bathroom in the dwelling 7. Bathroom in dwelling</p> <div class="i1">[] 1 With tub or shower<br />[] 2 Without tub or shower<br />[] 0 There is no bathroom</div> 26 <span class="em">Bathroom in dwelling (Question VII)</span> <br />1<span class="em">. Bathroom </span>is a special room in which bath or shower is installed, as well as the system of <span class="em">removing wastewater from the dwelling</span>. According to the said definition, a room shall be also called bathroom if not all the required devices have been installed (there is no tub or shower present) or the said facilities have not been connected to the network, but there is an identifiable system of removing wastewater. <br />2. If there is a bathroom <span class="em">equipped with a tub or a shower </span>in the dwelling and the said device is connected to the wastewater disposal network, then the 1 answer shall be indicated. <br />3. If there is a bathroom in the dwelling, but no tub or shower has been installed, then the 2 symbol shall be chosen. <br />4. If there is <span class="em">no bathroom in the dwelling</span>, the 0 answer shall be indicated. Poland 1978: Private dwellings excluding provisional or mobile housing [discrepancies: type I 0.1%, type II none] This variable indicates whether there is a bathroom in the dwelling, and if that bathroom has a tub or shower. 0 There is no bathroom 1 There is a bathroom with a tub or shower in the dwelling 2 There is a bathroom without a tub or shower in the dwelling 9 NIU (not in universe) Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Hot running water in dwelling 8. Hot water supplies</p> <div class="i1">[] 1 Water heated outside dwelling in power stations or in boilers for flat blocks, etc.<br />[] 2 Water heated in dwelling (electric or gas stove), or in central heating boiler for one-family house<br />[] 0 There are not hot water supplies</div> 27. <span class="em">Hot water supplies (Question VIII) [p.41]</span> <br />1. If there is <span class="em">a tap with hot running water </span>in the dwelling and the water is <span class="em">heated outside the dwelling,</span> so in the heat and power station or local heat station, then the 1 symbol shall be chosen. <br />2. If there is <span class="em">an electric stove, gas stove, or central heating boiler </span>connected to the network in the dwelling, then the 2 symbol shall be chosen. <br />Heating water in the dwelling by means of a central heating stove (regardless of its placement) shall be considered as heating water within the dwelling and therefore the 2 symbol shall be indicated. <br />3. If there are <span class="em">no water supplies in the dwelling</span>, as well as there are no professional devices installed aiming at heating the said liquid within the dwelling, then the 3 symbol shall be encircled. Poland 1978: Private dwellings excluding provisional or mobile housing [discrepancies: type I 0.1%; type II trace] This variable indicates whether there is hot water in the dwelling, and the method for heating the water. 0 There is no piped hot water in a dwelling 1 There is a hot piped water heated outside the dwelling (in power stations or boilers) 2 There is a hot piped water heated inside the dwelling (on electric or gas stove, or in a boiler) 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Utilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Gas in the dwelling 9. Gas in dwelling</p> <div class="i1">[] Gas</div><div class="i2">[] 1 Supplied from public network<br />[] 2 From bottles</div><div class="i1">[] 0 There is not gas in dwelling</div> 28 <span class="em">Gas in dwelling (Question IX) [p.42]</span> <br />1. If gas is supplied to the dwelling from a <span class="em">public network, </span>then the 1 symbol shall be encircled. <br />2. If there is a device for heating or boiling water installed in the dwelling and the said facility is supplied with gas from bottles (of capacity of 11 kg or more), the 2 symbol shall be chosen. <br />The said answer shall not be chosen for dwellings which are supplied with gas from tourist bottles. <br />3. If there is <span class="em">no gas in dwelling</span>, supplied neither from a public network nor from bottles, as well as there are no devices used for heating or boiling water, then the 0 symbol shall be encircled. Poland 1978: Private dwellings excluding provisional or mobile housing [discrepancies: type I 0.1%; type II trace] This variable indicates whether there is gas in the dwelling, and how the gas is supplied. 0 There is no gas in the dwelling 1 There is gas supplied from the public network 2 There is a gas from bottles 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Appliances, Mechanicals, Other Amenities Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Method of heating the dwelling 10. Heating</p> <div class="i1">[] Central heating</div><div class="i2">[] 1 Collective, i.e. thermal energy is supplied from power stations, or from boiler for flat block<br />[] 2 Individual, i.e. thermal energy is supplied from boiler in on-family house, or boiler for storey</div><div class="i1">[] 3 Heating by electric accumulators<br />[] 4 Other types of heating (coal, or gas stoves, etc.)</div> 29 <span class="em">Heating (Question X) [p.42]</span> <br />1. In the case of this question, as opposed to the ones above, there is no negative answer (no 0 symbol to be chosen), as every single dwelling requires heating in the winter season, especially due to severe weather conditions. Heating method must be specified for every single dwelling separately. <br />2. If the inhabitants use few methods of heating, then <span class="em">the dominant one</span> shall be chosen that is the one covering the most of the dwelling with its effect or utilized for the majority of time. Auxiliary (supplementary) method of heating and the one not used frequently shall not be taken into account. <br />3. If thermal energy <span class="em">is supplied from power stations,</span> heat and power stations, or from boiler for flat block in the case of a block of flat or other multifamily building, then the 1 symbol shall be chosen by the census enumerator. <br />4. If the dwelling is equipped with an <span class="em">individual central heating system </span> radiators are the main sources of heat distribution and thermal energy is supplied from boiler in one-family house or boiler in storey houses, then the 2 symbol shall be chosen by the census enumerator. <br />5. If in the dwelling heat is distributed by means <span class="em">of heating by electric accumulators or tiled </span>stoves equipped with electric heaters, as well as the lodger has concluded an agreement with a power supply plant for distribution of power to the dwelling or installed his or her own power consumption meters, then the 3 symbol shall be encircled. <br />Sporadic increasing temperature in the dwelling by means of electric heaters shall not be considered as distribution of heat by means of electric accumulators. <br />6. If other types of heating are utilized in the dwelling, then the 4 symbol shall be encircled by the census enumerator. The said answer mainly concerns the utilization of fixed stoves using such solid fuels as coal, coke, briquette, wood, sawdust, etc. The utilization of gas stoves shall also be considered in this case. Poland 1978: Private dwellings excluding provisional or mobile housing [discrepancies: type I 0.1%, type II trace] This variable indicates the method of heating the dwelling. All private dwellings must have some type of heating. 1 Collective central heating 2 Individual central heating 3 Heating by electric accumulators 4 Other types of heating (coal, gas stoves) 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Appliances, Mechanicals, Other Amenities Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Type of household Poland 1978: All households This variable indicates the type of household. For this variable, a special household is a one-person-household, situated usually by typical households. 1 Separate household 2 Collective household 3 Special household (one- person household, situated usually by typical households) Constructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Number of persons in the household (excluding the permanently absent) Poland 1978: Separate households [discrepancies: type I trace, type II none] This variable indicates the number of persons in the household. Those that are permanently absent were not included. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15+ 99 NIU (not in universe) Constructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Number of economically active persons in the household Poland 1978: Separate households [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates the number of economically active persons in the household. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9+ 98 Household without economically active persons but at least one person has a non-earned source of maintenance 99 NIU (not in universe) Household Economic Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Number of families in the household Poland 1978: Separate households [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates the number of families in the household. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4+ 9 NIU (not in universe) Other Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Legal basis for occupancy of the dwelling 1. Right of household to occupying dwelling (or part of dwelling)</p> <p>Successive number of person being head of household ____</p> <p>Household occupies dwelling by the right of:</p> <div class="i1">(Encircle the relevant symbol number)<br /><br />[] 1 Single or shared ownership<br />[] Membership in housing cooperative</div><div class="i2">[] 2 Owner's right<br />[] 3 Tenant's right</div><div class="i1">[] 4 Allocation of dwelling (administrative allocation, or tenure contract with socialized economy unit)<br />[] 5 Tenure contract (with individual owner, or with member of housing cooperative)<br />[] 6 Sub-tenure of part or whole of allocated dwelling<br />[] Relationship with dwelling owner or main tenant</div><div class="i2">[] 7 Parents or children<br />[] 8 Other related person</div><div class="i1">[] Other right (specify) ________</div> 69 <span class="em">Right of household to occupy the dwelling (or part of dwelling) [p. 94]</span> <br />1. In the first line of the table the individuals, who, basing on the answer in question 7 have been specified to be "heads of households". <br />2. Answer to the question is provided by encircling the proper answer visible in the table of the A form. <br />3. Symbol 1 shall be indicated for all the individuals who have the right of ownership to the dwelling, that is:</p> <div class="i1">- They are owner or co-owners of the whole building, in which the dwellings are registered, even if they are the representatives of the housing administrative,<br />- They are the owners of a floor (segment) of the building which is in its entirety owned by a productive collective or other entity.</div><p>Dwellings owned by the individuals in the buildings which are managed by collectives are the result of allowing the citizens to purchase dwellings from the state. <br />4. Symbol 2 shall be indicated for the individuals occupying the dwelling while being members of housing cooperative and have the owner's right to it as it has been acquired by purchasing the said dwelling, inheriting it, or acquired in any other case in the same becoming the owner's dwelling. <br />5. Symbol 3 shall be indicated for the members of housing cooperatives to which the inhabitants have the tenant's right as the dwelling had been granted to the head of household by the cooperative. <br />6. Symbol 4 shall be indicated for all the individuals, for whom the dwelling has been allocated by a local authority or administrative body. The allocation might have took place on the basis of:</p> <div class="i1">- Administrative allocation, regardless if the dwelling is located in the building owned by a private entity or by the state and if it has additional allocation rights ascribed to it,<br />- Tenure agreement concluded with a socialized economy unit which owns the building or the dwelling. Such agreements are concluded in the habitable units where no administrative decisions concerning allocation and occupation apply.<br />- Allocation by the company employing the individual, if the allocation took place before 1st VIII 1974.</div><p>7. Symbol 5 shall be indicated for all the individuals who have concluded a tenure contract with:</p> <div class="i1">- Individual owner of the building or the dwelling,<br />- Housing cooperative managing the dwelling.</div><p>Tenure agreement shall not only be understood as a document made in a written but also concluded in an oral form in the case of which the payment method for the dwelling has been agreed upon. Those may include typical payments, as well as other, non-material help or services provided by the individual occupying the dwelling. <br />8. Symbol 6 shall be indicated for sub-tenure of part or whole of allocated dwelling, meaning that the household tenured a part or entirety of the dwelling from the main lodger who is the dwelling leaser himself. Such a case will be rather observable in the dwellings, for which the 4 symbol has been indicated, so in those allocated by administrative decision or socialized economy unit. The following does not concern tenured dwellings. Nevertheless, it may happen that a household leases a part of the dwelling from the owner of the said dwelling (so such a household is a leaser and shall have the 5 symbol encircled), but the said household additionally sub-tenured a part of the dwelling in question. In the said event 5 symbol may be encircled together with 6. However, in the majority of situations, 4 and 6 symbol combinations are more frequent. <br />Tenure agreement shall not only be understood as a document made in a written but also concluded in an oral form in the case of which the payment method for the dwelling has been agreed upon. <br />9. Symbol 7 or 8 shall be indicated for all the individuals being related with dwelling owner or main tenant or if any other type of kinship or close connection between the individuals in question arises, as it must be indicated during the census as well. <br />The household living with its family may fully or partially pay the rent for the occupied dwelling or part of the dwelling, as well as all the other costs connected with the maintenance of the habitable space in question. <br />Answer 7 or 8 shall be encircled after the specification of the type of relation between the individuals being the representatives of the household and the dwelling owner or main tenant. <br />10. Symbol 9 shall be indicated if the household occupies the dwelling for a reason that has not been specified above. The said symbol shall be, for example used, in the following cases:</p> <div class="i1">- For household occupying a dwelling for life,<br />- For former agricultural holding owners, who exchanged their farm for the rent granted to them by the state,<br />- For priests and other clergymen occupying vicarage or other building run by the church.</div><p>All the cases of indicating the 9 symbol shall be additionally justified by providing a proper explanation, for example "living for life", "holding exchanged for dwelling" or "occupying vicarage". Poland 1978: Separate households [discrepancies: type I 0.1%; type II none] This variable indicates the legal basis that the household has in order to occupy the dwelling (or part of the dwelling). 01 Single or shared ownership 02 Membership in housing cooperative, owner's right 03 Membership in housing cooperative, tenant's right 04 Allocation of dwelling 05 Tenure contract (with individual owner or with member of housing cooperative) 06 Sub- tenure of part or whole of allocated dwelling 07 Relationship with dwelling owner or main tenant- parents or children 08 Relationship with dwelling owner or main tenant- other related person 09 Other right (specify) 98 Unknown 99 NIU (not in universe) Household Economic Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Stata Poland 1978: All households This variable is the strata identifier for the sample. Strata is a constructed variable that captures implicit geographic stratification resulting from the sample design. It is created by assigning a unique identifier to groups of between 10 and 19 adjacent households. Additional documentation is available on the Variance Estimation page. This is a 6-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places Geography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Person number PERNUM numbers all persons within each household consecutively (starting with "1" for the first person record of each household). When combined with SAMPLE and SERIAL, PERNUM uniquely identifies each person in the IPUMS-International database. PERNUM is a 4-digit numeric variable. Technical Person Variables -- PERSON Person weight PERWT indicates the number of persons in the actual population represented by the person in the sample. For the samples that are truly weighted (see the comparability discussion), PERWT must be used to yield accurate statistics for the population. NOTE: PERWT has 2 implied decimal places. That is, the last two digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. PERWT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description. Technical Person Variables -- PERSON Mother's location in household MOMLOC is a constructed variable that indicates whether or not the person's mother lived in the same household and, if so, gives the person number of the mother (see PERNUM). MOMLOC makes it easy for researchers to link the characteristics of children and their (probable) mothers. The method by which probable child-mother links are identified is described in PARRULE. The general design of MOMLOC and other constructed variables follows the methods developed for IPUMS-USA "Family Interrelationships," but the details vary significantly. For more details on the construction of MOMLOC, see the Comparability section of PARRULE and this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology. Note: MOMLOC identifies social relationships (such as stepmother and adopted mother) as well as biological relationships. The variable STEPMOM is designed to identify some of these social relationships. To restrict MOMLOC to biological mothers, such as for own children fertility estimation, MOMLOC should be reset to zero when STEPMOM is greater than zero. MOMLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable. Codes0 = No mother of this person present in the household. 1 or higher = The person number of this person's mother Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Father's location in household POPLOC is a constructed variable that indicates whether or not the person's father lived in the same household and, if so, gives the person number of the father (see PERNUM). POPLOC makes it easy for researchers to link the characteristics of children and their (probable) fathers. The method by which probable child-father links are identified is described in PARRULE. The general design of POPLOC and other constructed variables follows the methods developed for IPUMS-USA "Family Interrelationships," but the details vary significantly. For more details on the construction of POPLOC, see the Comparability section of PARRULE and this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology. Note: POPLOC identifies social relationships (such as stepfather and adopted father) as well as biological relationships. The variable STEPPOP is designed to identify some of these social relationships. To restrict POPLOC to biological mothers, such as for own children fertility estimation, POPLOC should be reset to zero when STEPPOP is greater than zero. POPLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable. Codes0 = No father of this person present in the household. 1 or higher = The person number of this person's father Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Spouse's location in household SPLOC is a constructed variable that indicates whether or not the person's spouse lived in the same household and, if so, gives the person number (PERNUM) of the spouse. SPLOC makes it easy for researchers to link the characteristics of (probable) spouses. The method by which probable spouse-spouse links are identified is described in SPRULE. The general design of SPLOC and other constructed variables is modeled on the methods developed for IPUMS-USA "Family Interrelationships", but the details vary significantly. For more details on the construction of SPLOC, see the Comparability section of SPRULE and this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology. SPLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable. Codes0 = No spouse of this person present in the household. 1 or higher = The person number of this person's spouse Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Rule for linking parent PARRULE describes the criteria by which the IPUMS International variables MOMLOC and POPLOC linked the person to a probable mother and/or father. IPUMS International establishes child-parent links according to five basic rules, and PARRULE gives the number of the rule that applied to the link in question. A link to any parent automatically generates a second link to that parent's spouse or partner, so only one rule is needed to describe both MOMLOC and POPLOC. The design of the interrelationship variables is described in this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology. 00 No parent of person in household 11 Link to head or spouse, unambiguous 12 Link to head or spouse, ambiguous 21 Child-Grandchild, within empirical child cap 22 Child-Grandchild, within constructed child cap 23 Child-Grandchild, exceeds child cap 31 Specified Other Relatives, within empirical child cap 32 Specified Other Relatives, within constructed child cap 33 Specified Other Relatives, exceeds child cap 41 Other Relatives, within empirical child cap 42 Other Relatives, within constructed child cap 51 Non-Relatives, within empirical child cap 52 Non-Relatives, within constructed child cap Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Rule for linking spouse SPRULE explains the criteria by which the IPUMS-International variable SPLOC linked the person to his/her probable spouse. IPUMS International establishes spouse-spouse links according to five basic rules, and SPRULE gives the number of the rule that applied to the link in question. A sixth rule identifies sample-specific linking procedures only imposed in selected instances. The design of the interrelationship variables is described in this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology. 00 No spouse present 01 Rule 1: strong relationship pairing, couple adjacent 02 Rule 2: strong relationship pairing, couple not adjacent 03 Rule 3: weak relationship pairing, couple adjacent 04 Rule 4: weak relationship pairing, couple not adjacent 05 Rule 5: weak consensual union pairings 06 Rule 6: sample-specific rules (usually child-to-child) Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Probable stepmother STEPMOM indicates whether a person's mother, as identified by MOMLOC, was most probably not the person's biological mother. Non-zero values of STEPMOM explain why it is probable that the person's mother was a step- or adopted mother. A value of 0 indicates no likely stepmother because (1) the mother identified in MOMLOC was probably the biological mother or (2) there is no mother of this person present in the household. The codes for STEPMOM are as follows: 0 = Biological mother or no mother of this person present in household. 1 = Mother has no children born or surviving. 2 = Child reports mother is deceased. 3 = Explicitly identified relationship (stepchild, adopted child, child of unmarried partner, stepchild/child-in-law). 4 = Mother reports no children in the home. 5 = Age difference between mother and child was less than 12 or greater than 54 years. 6 = Child exceeds known fertility of mother. In cases where more than one criterion for a likely stepmother is met, STEPMOM will take the value of the criterion with the lowest code. See PARRULE for a description of the linking process. In cases where a mother is linked to more children than she reports in CHBORN or CHSURV, the determination of which children to flag as probable stepchildren is based first on the strength of the child-mother pairing (see PARRULE), and then on the order of children in the household roster. Since most links to a given mother will be made at the same strength level, order will often be the decisive factor in flagging probable stepmother relationships. Users should note that there are many stepmothers and adopted mothers in the population that cannot be identified with information available in the censuses. Therefore, STEPMOM will always under-represent their actual number in the population. 0 Biological mother or no mother present 1 Mother has no children born or surviving 2 Child reports mother is deceased 3 Explicitly identified step relationship 4 Mother reports no children in the home 5 Age difference implausible 6 Child exceeds known fertility of mother Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Probable stepfather STEPPOP indicates whether a person's father, as identified by POPLOC, was most probably not the person's biological father. Non-zero values of STEPPOP explain why it is probable that the person's father was a step- or adopted father. A value of 0 indicates no likely stepfather because (1) the father identified in POPLOC was probably the biological father or (2) there is no father of this person present in the household. The codes for STEPPOP are as follows: 0 = Biological father or no father of this person present in household. 1 = Child reports father is deceased. 2 = Explicitly identified relationship (stepchild, adopted child, child of unmarried partner; stepchild/child-in-law). 3 = Age difference between father and child was less than 12 or greater than 54 years. In cases where more than one criterion for a likely stepfather is met, STEPPOP will take the value of the criterion with the lowest code. See PARRULE for a description of the linking process. Users should note that there are many stepfathers and adopted fathers in the population that cannot be identified with information available in the censuses. Therefore, STEPPOP will always under-represent their actual number in the population. 0 Biological father or no father present 1 Child reports father is deceased 2 Explicitly identified step relationship 3 Age difference implausible 4 Spouse of mother 5 Identified as adopted 6 Surname difference -- male child or never-married female Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Man with more than one wife linked POLYMAL indicates if a man had more than one wife linked to him in the constructed IPUMS variable SPLOC -- Spouse's Location in Household. The point of POLYMAL is to facilitate using SPLOC in samples that identify polygamy. Some statistical matching procedures expect to find only one matching record for each subject record. 0 No more than one wife linked via SPLOC 1 More than one wife linked via SPLOC Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Woman is second or higher order wife POLY2ND indicates if a woman was the second or higher order wife linked to a husband in the constructed IPUMS variable SPLOC -- Spouse's Location in Household. The variable does not suggest the actual marital order of wives, only their relative positions in the person order of the household as it was enumerated. The point of POLY2ND is to facilitate using SPLOC in samples that identify polygamy. Some statistical matching procedures expect to find only one matching record for each subject record. 0 Person is not the 2nd or higher order wife linked via SPLOC 1 Person is the 2nd or higher order wife linked via SPLOC Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Family unit membership FAMUNIT is a constructed variable indicating to which family within the household a person belongs. All persons related to the household head receive a 1 (see RELATE). Each secondary family or secondary individual receives a higher code. For purposes of FAMUNIT, secondary families are individuals or groups of persons linked together by the IPUMS constructed pointer variables SPLOC, MOMLOC, and POPLOC (location of spouse, mother, and father). FAMUNIT is a 4-digit numeric variable. CodesIf there is only one group of related individuals within the household, all of them will be coded "1;" if there is a second, separate such group listed on the form, all of them will be coded "2," and so on. Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Number of own family members in household FAMSIZE counts the number of the person's own family members living in the household with her/him, including the person her/himself. These include all persons related to the person by blood, adoption, or marriage as indicated by the census forms or inferred from them. FAMSIZE is calculated from the units identified in the IPUMS constructed variable FAMUNIT (family unit membership). The primary family is defined as all persons related to the head in the RELATE variable. Secondary families are individuals or groups of persons linked together by the IPUMS constructed pointer variables SPLOC, MOMLOC, and POPLOC (location of spouse, mother, and father). 0001 1 family member present 0002 2 family members present 0003 3 family members present 0004 4 0005 5 0006 6 0007 7 0008 8 0009 9 0010 10 0011 11 0012 12 0013 13 0014 14 0015 15 0016 16 0017 17 0018 18 0019 19 0020 20 0021 21 0022 22 0023 23 0024 24 0025 25 0026 26 0027 27 0028 28 0029 29 0030 30 0031 31 0032 32 0033 33 0034 34 0035 35 0036 36 0037 37 0038 38 0039 39 0040 40 0041 41 0042 42 0043 43 0044 44 0045 45 0046 46 0047 47 0048 48 0049 49 0050 50 0051 51 0052 52 0053 53 0054 54 0055 55 0056 56 0057 57 0058 58 0059 59 0060 60 0061 61 0062 62 0063 63 0064 64 0065 65 0066 66 0067 67 0068 68 0069 69 0070 70 0071 71 0072 72 0073 73 0074 74 0075 75 0076 76 0077 77 0078 78 0079 79 0080 80 0081 81 0082 82 0083 83 0084 84 0085 85 0086 86 0087 87 0088 88 0089 89 0090 90 0091 91 0092 92 0093 93 0094 94 0095 95 0096 96 0097 97 0098 98 0099 99 or more persons Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Number of own children in household NCHILD provides a count of the person's own children living in the household with her or him. These include all children linked to the person via the constructed IPUMS pointer variables MOMLOC or POPLOC -- mother's and father's location in the household. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 or more children in household Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Number of own children under age 5 in household NCHLT5 provides a count of the person's own children under age five living in the household with her or him. These include all children linked to the person via the constructed IPUMS pointer variables MOMLOC or POPLOC -- mother's and father's location in the household. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 or more own children under age 5 in household 98 One or more children have unknown age Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Age of eldest own child in household ELDCH gives the age of the person's oldest own child living in the household with her or him. These include all children linked to the person via the constructed IPUMS pointer variables MOMLOC or POPLOC -- mother's and father's location in the household. ELDCH is top-coded at age 50 or older. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 or older 98 One or more children have unknown age 99 No own child in household Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Age of youngest own child in household YNGCH gives the age of the person's youngest own child living in the household with her or him. These include all children linked to the person via the constructed IPUMS pointer variables MOMLOC or POPLOC -- mother's and father's location in the household. YNGCH is top-coded at age 50 or older. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 or older 98 One or more children have unknown age 99 No own child in household Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Relationship to household head [general version] RELATE describes the relationship of the individual to the head of household (sometimes called the householder or reference person). 1 Head 2 Spouse/partner 3 Child 4 Other relative 5 Non-relative 6 Other relative or non-relative 9 Unknown Demographic Variables -- PERSON Relationship to household head [detailed version] RELATE describes the relationship of the individual to the head of household (sometimes called the householder or reference person). 1000 Head 2000 Spouse/partner 2100 Spouse 2200 Unmarried partner 2210 Civil union 2300 Same-sex spouse/partner 3000 Child 3100 Biological child 3200 Adopted child 3300 Stepchild 3400 Child/child-in-law 3500 Child/child-in-law/grandchild 3600 Child of unmarried partner 4000 Other relative 4100 Grandchild 4110 Grandchild or great grandchild 4120 Great grandchild 4130 Great-great grandchild 4200 Parent/parent-in-law 4210 Parent 4211 Stepparent 4220 Parent-in-law 4300 Child-in-law 4301 Daughter-in-law 4302 Spouse/partner of child 4310 Unmarried partner of child 4400 Sibling/sibling-in-law 4410 Sibling 4420 Stepsibling 4430 Sibling-in-law 4431 Sibling of spouse/partner 4432 Spouse/partner of sibling 4500 Grandparent 4510 Great grandparent 4600 Parent/grandparent/ascendant 4700 Aunt/uncle 4800 Other specified relative 4810 Nephew/niece 4820 Cousin 4830 Sibling's sibling-in-law 4900 Other relative, not elsewhere classified 4910 Other relative with same family name 4920 Other relative with different family name 4930 Other relative, not specified (secondary family) 5000 Non-relative 5100 Friend/guest/visitor/partner 5110 Partner/friend 5111 Friend 5112 Partner/roommate 5113 Housemate/roommate 5120 Visitor 5130 Ex-spouse 5140 Godparent 5150 Godchild 5200 Employee 5210 Domestic employee 5220 Relative of employee, n.s. 5221 Spouse of servant 5222 Child of servant 5223 Other relative of servant 5300 Roomer/boarder/lodger/foster child 5310 Boarder 5311 Boarder or guest 5320 Lodger 5330 Foster child 5340 Tutored/foster child 5350 Tutored child 5400 Employee, boarder, or guest 5500 Other specified non-relative 5510 Agregado 5520 Temporary resident, guest 5600 Group quarters 5610 Group quarters, non-inmates 5620 Institutional inmates 5900 Non-relative, n.e.c. 6000 Other relative or non-relative 9999 Unknown Demographic Variables -- PERSON Relationship to head, Europe ERELATE describes for the European samples the relationship of the individual to the head of household -- sometimes called the householder or reference person. ERELATE has been classified according to the recommendations of the Conference of European Statisticians for the 2010 Population and Housing Censuses. 10 Reference person / Head 20 Spouse or partner 21 Husband or wife 22 Partner in consensual union 30 Child/child-in-law of head or of spouse/partner 31 Spouse or partner of child of head 40 Parent of head, of spouse, or of partner 50 Other relative of head, spouse, or partner 60 Non-relative of head 61 Foster child 62 Boarder 63 Domestic servant 64 Other 99 Not stated / unknown Demographic Variables -- PERSON Age AGE gives age in years as of the person's last birthday prior to or on the day of enumeration. 000 Less than 1 year 001 1 year 002 2 years 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100+ 999 Not reported/missing Demographic Variables -- PERSON Age, grouped into intervals AGE2 gives computed years of age grouped into intervals. 01 0 to 4 02 5 to 9 03 10 to 14 04 15 to 19 05 0 to 5 06 6 to 10 07 10 to 15 08 11 to 14 09 15 to 17 10 16 to 19 11 18 to 24 12 20 to 24 13 25 to 29 14 30 to 34 15 35 to 39 16 40 to 44 17 45 to 49 18 50 to 54 19 55 to 59 20 60 to 64 21 65 to 69 22 70 to 74 23 75 to 79 24 80 to 84 25 85+ 98 Unknown Demographic Variables -- PERSON Sex SEX reports the sex (gender) of the respondent. 1 Male 2 Female 9 Unknown Demographic Variables -- PERSON Marital status [general version] MARST describes the person's current marital status according to law or custom. Individuals who remarried should report the status relevant to their most recent marriage. Census instructions rarely explicitly limit marital status to strictly legal unions. Note regarding universe: The lowest age at which a person can be anything but "never married" varies among samples. 0 NIU (not in universe) 1 Single/never married 2 Married/in union 3 Separated/divorced/spouse absent 4 Widowed 9 Unknown/missing Demographic Variables -- PERSON Marital status [detailed version] MARST describes the person's current marital status according to law or custom. Individuals who remarried should report the status relevant to their most recent marriage. Census instructions rarely explicitly limit marital status to strictly legal unions. Note regarding universe: The lowest age at which a person can be anything but "never married" varies among samples. 000 NIU (not in universe) 100 Single/never married 110 Engaged 111 Never married and never cohabited 200 Married or consensual union 210 Married, formally 211 Married, civil 212 Married, religious 213 Married, civil and religious 214 Married, civil or religious 215 Married, traditional/customary 216 Married, monogamous 217 Married, polygamous 219 Married, spouse absent (historical samples) 220 Consensual union 300 Separated/divorced/spouse absent 310 Separated or divorced 320 Separated or annulled 330 Separated 331 Separated legally 332 Separated de facto 333 Separated from marriage 334 Separated from consensual union 335 Separated from consensual union or marriage 340 Annulled 350 Divorced 400 Widowed 410 Widowed or divorced 411 Widowed from consensual union or marriage 412 Widowed from marriage 413 Widowed from consensual union 420 Widowed, divorced, or separated 999 Unknown/missing Demographic Variables -- PERSON Marital status, Europe EMARST describes for the European samples the person's current marital status according to law or custom. Individuals who remarried should report the status relevant to their most recent marriage. European census instructions generally limit marital status to legal unions, but there are exceptions. EMARST has been classified according to the recommendations given by the Conference of European Statisticians for the 2010 Population and Housing Censuses. 0 NIU (not in universe) 1 Never married 2 Married 3 Widowed and not remarried 4 Divorced/separated and not remarried 5 Widowed or divorced 9 Unknown / missing Demographic Variables -- PERSON Relationship to head of subfamily SUBFREL describes the relationship of the individual to the head of the subfamily (in most cases, conjugal unit). It is distinct from RELATE, which identifies a person's relationship to the head of the household. There can be multiple subfamilies within households. The particular subfamily to which a person belongs is recorded in SUBFNUM. Persons living alone without other family are identified as "heads" of family. 1000 Head 2000 Spouse/partner 2100 Spouse 2200 Unmarried partner 3000 Child 3100 Biological child 3200 Adopted or step child 4000 Other relative 4100 Grandchild 4200 Parent/parent-in-law 4210 Parent 4220 Parent-in-law 4300 Child-in-law 4400 Sibling/sibling-in-law 4410 Sibling 4430 Sibling-in-law 4500 Grandparent 4600 Parent/grandparent 4810 Nephew/niece 4900 Other relative, n.e.c. 5000 Non-relative 5120 Visitor 5210 Domestic employee 5220 Relative of employee, n.s. 5300 Roomer/boarder/lodger/foster child 5310 Boarder 5311 Boarder or guest 5400 Employee, boarder or guest 5510 Agregado 5600 Group quarters 6000 Other relative or non-relative 9998 Unknown 9999 NIU (not in universe) Demographic Variables -- PERSON Subfamily membership number SUBFNUM gives the number of the subfamily to which the person belongs within the household (1 = first subfamily, 2 = second subfamily, etc.). SUBFNUM records the identification of subfamilies in the original dataset, which generally correspond to conjugal units and their offspring. 0000 Non-family or sub-family not identified 0001 1st subfamily 0002 2nd subfamily 0003 3rd subfamily 0004 4th subfamily 0005 5th subfamily 0006 6th subfamily 0007 7th subfamily 0008 8th subfamily 0009 9th subfamily 0010 10th subfamily 0011 11th subfamily 0012 12th subfamily 0013 13th subfamily 0099 Unknown Demographic Variables -- PERSON Year of birth BIRTHYR gives the person's year of birth. 0000 NIU (not in universe) 1628 1628 1629 1629 1630 1630 1631 1631 1634 1634 1635 1635 1636 1636 1637 1637 1638 1638 1639 1639 1640 1640 1641 1641 1642 1642 1643 1643 1644 1644 1645 1645 1646 1646 1647 1647 1648 1648 1649 1649 1650 1650 1651 1651 1652 1652 1653 1653 1654 1654 1655 1655 1656 1656 1657 1657 1658 1658 1659 1659 1660 1660 1661 1661 1662 1662 1663 1663 1664 1664 1665 1665 1666 1666 1667 1667 1668 1668 1669 1669 1670 1670 1671 1671 1672 1672 1673 1673 1674 1674 1675 1675 1676 1676 1677 1677 1678 1678 1679 1679 1680 1680 1681 1681 1682 1682 1683 1683 1684 1684 1685 1685 1686 1686 1687 1687 1688 1688 1689 1689 1690 1690 1691 1691 1692 1692 1693 1693 1694 1694 1695 1695 1696 1696 1697 1697 1698 1698 1699 1699 1700 1700 1701 1701 1702 1702 1703 1703 1704 1704 1705 1705 1706 1706 1707 1707 1708 1708 1709 1709 1710 1710 1711 1711 1712 1712 1713 1713 1714 1714 1715 1715 1716 1716 1717 1717 1718 1718 1719 1719 1720 1720 1721 1721 1722 1722 1723 1723 1724 1724 1725 1725 1726 1726 1727 1727 1728 1728 1729 1729 1730 1730 1731 1731 1732 1732 1733 1733 1734 1734 1735 1735 1736 1736 1737 1737 1738 1738 1739 1739 1740 1740 1741 1741 1742 1742 1743 1743 1744 1744 1745 1745 1746 1746 1747 1747 1748 1748 1749 1749 1750 1750 1751 1751 1752 1752 1753 1753 1754 1754 1755 1755 1756 1756 1757 1757 1758 1758 1759 1759 1760 1760 1761 1761 1762 1762 1763 1763 1764 1764 1765 1765 1766 1766 1767 1767 1768 1768 1769 1769 1770 1770 1771 1771 1772 1772 1773 1773 1774 1774 1775 1775 1776 1776 1777 1777 1778 1778 1779 1779 1780 1780 1781 1781 1782 1782 1783 1783 1784 1784 1785 1785 1786 1786 1787 1787 1788 1788 1789 1789 1790 1790 1791 1791 1792 1792 1793 1793 1794 1794 1795 1795 1796 1796 1797 1797 1798 1798 1799 1799 1800 1800 1801 1801 1802 1802 1803 1803 1804 1804 1805 1805 1806 1806 1807 1807 1808 1808 1809 1809 1810 1810 1811 1811 1812 1812 1813 1813 1814 1814 1815 1815 1816 1816 1817 1817 1818 1818 1819 1819 1820 1820 1821 1821 1822 1822 1823 1823 1824 1824 1825 1825 1826 1826 1827 1827 1828 1828 1829 1829 1830 1830 1831 1831 1832 1832 1833 1833 1834 1834 1835 1835 1836 1836 1837 1837 1838 1838 1839 1839 1840 1840 1841 1841 1842 1842 1843 1843 1844 1844 1845 1845 1846 1846 1847 1847 1848 1848 1849 1849 1850 1850 1851 1851 1852 1852 1853 1853 1854 1854 1855 1855 1856 1856 1857 1857 1858 1858 1859 1859 1860 1860 1861 1861 1862 1862 1863 1863 1864 1864 1865 1865 1866 1866 1867 1867 1868 1868 1869 1869 1870 1870 1871 1871 1872 1872 1873 1873 1874 1874 1875 1875 1876 1876 1877 1877 1878 1878 1879 1879 1880 1880 1881 1881 1882 1882 1883 1883 1884 1884 1885 1885 1886 1886 1887 1887 1888 1888 1889 1889 1890 1890 1891 1891 1892 1892 1893 1893 1894 1894 1895 1895 1896 1896 1897 1897 1898 1898 1899 1899 1900 1900 1901 1901 1902 1902 1903 1903 1904 1904 1905 1905 1906 1906 1907 1907 1908 1908 1909 1909 1910 1910 1911 1911 1912 1912 1913 1913 1914 1914 1915 1915 1916 1916 1917 1917 1918 1918 1919 1919 1920 1920 1921 1921 1922 1922 1923 1923 1924 1924 1925 1925 1926 1926 1927 1927 1928 1928 1929 1929 1930 1930 1931 1931 1932 1932 1933 1933 1934 1934 1935 1935 1936 1936 1937 1937 1938 1938 1939 1939 1940 1940 1941 1941 1942 1942 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945 1946 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 2019 2019 2020 2020 9999 Unknown Demographic Variables -- PERSON Educational attainment, international recode [general version] EDATTAIN records the person's educational attainment in terms of the level of schooling completed (degree or other milestone). The emphasis on level completed is critical: a person attending the final year of secondary education receives the code for having completed lower secondary only -- and in some samples only primary. EDATTAIN does not necessarily reflect any particular country's definition of the various levels of schooling in terms of terminology or the number of years of schooling. EDATTAIN is an attempt to merge -- into a single, roughly comparable variable -- samples that provide degrees, ones that provide actual years of schooling, and those that have some of both. In addition to EDATTAIN, a country-specific education classification is provided which loses no information and reflects the particular educational system of that country (for example EDUCBR for Brazil, EDUCCL for Chile, and EDUCUS for the United States). As always, users can refer to the original education source variables for each sample, if they wish. Many samples also give single years of schooling completed, recorded in YRSCHOOL. Some samples provide educational information in a form that could not be incorporated into EDATTAIN. 0 NIU (not in universe) 1 Less than primary completed 2 Primary completed 3 Secondary completed 4 University completed 9 Unknown Education Variables -- PERSON Educational attainment, international recode [detailed version] EDATTAIN records the person's educational attainment in terms of the level of schooling completed (degree or other milestone). The emphasis on level completed is critical: a person attending the final year of secondary education receives the code for having completed lower secondary only -- and in some samples only primary. EDATTAIN does not necessarily reflect any particular country's definition of the various levels of schooling in terms of terminology or the number of years of schooling. EDATTAIN is an attempt to merge -- into a single, roughly comparable variable -- samples that provide degrees, ones that provide actual years of schooling, and those that have some of both. In addition to EDATTAIN, a country-specific education classification is provided which loses no information and reflects the particular educational system of that country (for example EDUCBR for Brazil, EDUCCL for Chile, and EDUCUS for the United States). As always, users can refer to the original education source variables for each sample, if they wish. Many samples also give single years of schooling completed, recorded in YRSCHOOL. Some samples provide educational information in a form that could not be incorporated into EDATTAIN. 000 NIU (not in universe) 100 Less than primary completed (n.s.) 110 No schooling 120 Some primary completed 130 Primary (4 yrs) completed 211 Primary (5 yrs) completed 212 Primary (6 yrs) completed 221 Lower secondary general completed 222 Lower secondary technical completed 311 Secondary, general track completed 312 Some college completed 320 Secondary or post-secondary technical completed 321 Secondary, technical track completed 322 Post-secondary technical education 400 University completed 999 Unknown/missing Education Variables -- PERSON Educational attainment, Poland EDUCPL indicates the person's educational attainment in Poland in terms of the level of schooling completed. 00 NIU (not in universe) 10 None or incomplete primary 11 No education 12 Primary incomplete 20 Primary 30 Basic vocational 40 Secondary incomplete 41 Lower secondary 42 Vocational secondary, no certificate 43 General secondary, no certificate 50 Secondary completed 51 Vocational secondary completed 52 General secondary completed 60 Post-secondary 61 Post-secondary incomplete 62 Post-secondary completed 63 Training college 70 University 71 University, bachelor's 72 University, master's 73 University, doctorate 99 Unknown Education Variables -- PERSON Educational attainment, Europe EEDATTAIN records the person's educational attainment in terms of the level of schooling completed (degree or other milestone) for the European samples. The emphasis on level completed is critical: a person attending the final year of secondary education receives the code for having completed lower secondary only -- and in some samples only primary. All education that was relevant to the completion of a level should be taken into account even if it was provided outside of schools and universities. EEDATTAIN does not necessarily reflect any particular country's definition of the various levels of schooling in terms of terminology or the number of years of schooling. EEDATTAIN is an attempt to merge -- into a single, roughly comparable variable -- samples that provide degrees, ones that provide actual years of schooling, and those that have some of both. In addition to EEDATTAIN, a country-specific education classification is provided which loses no information and reflects the particular educational system of that country. Hungary 1980 and 1990 also give single years of schooling completed, recorded in YRSCHOOL. EEDATTAIN has been classified according to the recommendations of the Conference of European Statisticians for the 2010 Population and Housing Censuses. EEDATTAIN presents a less detailed version of EDATTAIN for the European Samples. 00 NIU (not in universe) 10 Less than primary 20 Primary (first stage of basic education) 30 Lower secondary (second stage of basic education) 40 Upper secondary 50 Post-secondary non-tertiary education 60 University completed 99 Unknown/missing Education Variables -- PERSON Occupation, unrecoded OCC records the person's primary occupation, classified according to the system used by the respective national census office at the time. For someone with more than one job, the primary occupation is usually the one in which the person spent the most time or earned the most money, although this may not have been explicit in the instructions for a specific census. To ensure confidentiality, very small occupations are recoded to a residual category indicating the persons had an occupation, but the job title is not identified. The number of cases recoded should be too small to affect analyses. OCC is a 4-digit numeric variable. Some samples use fewer than 4 digits. In those cases, the data are right-justified, and the extra leading digits are padded with zeroes. Argentina 1970 - see Variable: AR1970A_OCC3 - Occupation [3 digit] Argentina 1980 - see Variable: AR1980A_OCC - Occupation Argentina 1991 - see Variable: AR1991A_OCC - Occupation Argentina 2001 - see Variable: AR2001A_OCC4 - Occupation (4-digits) Armenia 2011 - see Variable: AM2011A_OCC - Occupation Austria 1971 - see Variable: AT1971A_OCCSM - Occupation of supporter: sub-major groups Austria 1981 - see Variable: AT1981A_OCCSM - Occupation of supporter: sub-major groups Austria 1991 - see Variable: AT1991A_OCCSM - Occupation of supporter: sub-major groups Austria 2001 - see Variable: AT2001A_OCCSM - Occupation of supporter: sub-major groups Belarus 1999 - see Variable: BY1999A_OCC2 - Occupation, 2 digits Belarus 2009 - see Variable: BY2009A_OCC - Occupation Benin 1979 - see Variable: BJ1979A_OCC - Occupation (2-digits) Benin 1992 - see Variable: BJ1992A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digits) Benin 2002 - see Variable: BJ2002A_OCC - Occupation (3-digits) Benin 2013 - see Variable: BJ2013A_OCC - Occupation (3-digit) Bolivia 1976 - see Variable: BO1976A_OCC2 - Occupation, 2 digits Bolivia 1992 - see Variable: BO1992A_OCC - Occupation Bolivia 2001 - see Variable: BO2001A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digits Bolivia 2012 - see Variable: BO2012A_OCC2 - Occupation (3 digit) Botswana 1981 - see Variable: BW1981A_OCC - Occupation Botswana 1991 - see Variable: BW1991A_OCC - Occupation (last 30 days) Botswana 2001 - see Variable: BW2001A_OCC - Occupation in the past 7 days, 3 digit Botswana 2011 - see Variable: BW2011A_OCC - Occupation, 3-digits Brazil 1960 - see Variable: BR1960A_USUALOCC - Usual occupation Brazil 1970 - see Variable: BR1970A_MAINOCC - Principal occupation Brazil 1980 - see Variable: BR1980A_OCC - Occupation Brazil 1991 - see Variable: BR1991A_OCC - Occupation Brazil 2000 - see Variable: BR2000A_OCC - Occupation, 4 digits Brazil 2010 - see Variable: BR2010A_OCC - Occupation held from July 25 to July 31, 2010 Burkina Faso 1985 - see Variable: BF1985A_OCC - Principal occupation Burkina Faso 1996 - see Variable: BF1996A_OCC - Principal occupation Cambodia 1998 - see Variable: KH1998A_OCC - Occupation Cambodia 2004 - see Variable: KH2004A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digits) Cambodia 2008 - see Variable: KH2008A_OCC - Occupation Cambodia 2013 - see Variable: KH2013A_OCC - Occupation (3-digits) Cambodia 2019 - see Variable: KH2019A_OCC1 - Occupation, 1-digit Cameroon 1976 - see Variable: CM1976A_OCC2 - Occupation (2 digits) Cameroon 2005 - see Variable: CM2005A_OCC - Occupation Canada 1971 - see Variable: CA1971A_OCC - Occupation Canada 1981 - see Variable: CA1981A_OCC - Occupation (1981 classification basis) Canada 1991 - see Variable: CA1991A_OCC80 - Occupation (1980 classification basis) Canada 2001 - see Variable: CA2001A_NOCS01P - Occupation (2001 national occupational classification for statistics) Canada 2011 - see Variable: CA2011A_OCC - Occupation Chile 1960 - see Variable: CL1960A_OCC - Occupation Chile 1970 - see Variable: CL1970A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit) Chile 1982 - see Variable: CL1982A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit) Chile 1992 - see Variable: CL1992A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit) Chile 2002 - see Variable: CL2002A_OCC - Occupation China 1982 - see Variable: CN1982A_OCC - Occupation China 1990 - see Variable: CN1990A_OCC - Occupation China 2000 - see Variable: CN2000A_OCC - Occupation (2-digit) Colombia 1964 - see Variable: CO1964A_OCC2 - Occupation (COTA, 4 digits) Colombia 1973 - see Variable: CO1973A_OCC - Occupation last week Costa Rica 1973 - see Variable: CR1973A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits Costa Rica 1984 - see Variable: CR1984A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digits Costa Rica 2000 - see Variable: CR2000A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits Costa Rica 2011 - see Variable: CR2011A_OCC - Occupation, 2-digit Cuba 2002 - see Variable: CU2002A_OCC - Occupation Cuba 2012 - see Variable: CU2012A_OCC3 - Main occupation (3-digit) Côte d'Ivoire 1998 - see Variable: CI1998A_OCC2 - Current occupation (2-digit) Dominican Republic 1960 - see Variable: DO1960A_OCC - Occupation Dominican Republic 1970 - see Variable: DO1970A_OCC1 - Current occupation, 3 digits Dominican Republic 1981 - see Variable: DO1981A_OCC - Occupation Dominican Republic 2002 - see Variable: DO2002A_OCC - Occupation Dominican Republic 2010 - see Variable: DO2010A_OCC - Occupation Ecuador 1962 - see Variable: EC1962A_OCC - Occupation Ecuador 1974 - see Variable: EC1974A_OCC3 - Occupation, three digits Ecuador 1982 - see Variable: EC1982A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits Ecuador 1990 - see Variable: EC1990A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits Ecuador 2001 - see Variable: EC2001A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digits Ecuador 2010 - see Variable: EC2010A_OCC3 - Occupation (3 digits, ISCO 08) Egypt 1986 - see Variable: EG1986A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit) Egypt 2006 - see Variable: EG2006A_OCC - Primary occupation, 3-digit El Salvador 1992 - see Variable: SV1992A_OCC - Occupation (3-digit) El Salvador 2007 - see Variable: SV2007A_OCC3DIG - Occupation (3-digit) Ethiopia 1984 - see Variable: ET1984A_OCC2 - Occupation (2-digit) Ethiopia 1994 - see Variable: ET1994A_OCC - Occupation Fiji 1976 - see Variable: FJ1976A_OCC - Occupation Fiji 1986 - see Variable: FJ1986A_OCC - Occupation Fiji 1996 - see Variable: FJ1996A_OCC3 - Occupation (3 digits) Fiji 2007 - see Variable: FJ2007A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits Fiji 2014 - see Variable: FJ2014A_OCC3 - Occupation (3 digits) Finland 2010 - see Variable: FI2010A_OCC - Occupation France 1962 - see Variable: FR1962A_SOCCUP - SAPHIR occupation France 1968 - see Variable: FR1968A_SOCC - SAPHIR occupation France 1975 - see Variable: FR1975A_SOCC - SAPHIR occupation France 1982 - see Variable: FR1982A_SOCC - SAPHIR occupation France 1990 - see Variable: FR1990A_SOCC - Saphir occupation France 1999 - see Variable: FR1999A_OCC - Occupation, ISCO France 2006 - see Variable: FR2006A_PROF486 - Detailed profession (4-digit) France 2011 - see Variable: FR2011A_PROF - Profession, 486 categories Germany 1970 - see Variable: DE1970A_OCC - Occupation Germany 1981 - see Variable: DE1981A_OCC - Occupation Germany 1987 - see Variable: DE1987A_OCC - Occupation Ghana 1984 - see Variable: GH1984A_OCC2 - Occupation, 2 digits Ghana 2000 - see Variable: GH2000A_OCC - Occupation Ghana 2010 - see Variable: GH2010A_OCC - Occupation (major groups) Greece 1971 - see Variable: GR1971A_OCC - Occupation Greece 1981 - see Variable: GR1981A_OCC - Occupation Greece 1991 - see Variable: GR1991A_OCC - Occupation Greece 2001 - see Variable: GR2001A_OCC - Occupation Greece 2011 - see Variable: GR2011A_OCC - Occupation Guatemala 1964 - see Variable: GT1964A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digits) Guatemala 1973 - see Variable: GT1973A_OCC3 - Principal occupation (3-digits) Guatemala 1981 - see Variable: GT1981A_OCC3 - Principal occupation (3-digits) Guatemala 1994 - see Variable: GT1994A_OCC - Principal occupation (1-digit) Guatemala 2002 - see Variable: GT2002A_OCC3 - Principal occupation (3-digits) Guinea 1983 - see Variable: GN1983A_OCC2 - Occupation, 2 digits Guinea 1996 - see Variable: GN1996A_OCC - Occupation Guinea 2014 - see Variable: GN2014A_OCC - Occupation (3-digit) Haiti 1982 - see Variable: HT1982A_OCC - Main occupation or profession Haiti 2003 - see Variable: HT2003A_OCC2 - Occupation, 3 digits Honduras 1961 - see Variable: HN1961A_OCC - Occupation (2-digits) Honduras 1974 - see Variable: HN1974A_OCC2 - Occupation (3-digits) Honduras 1988 - see Variable: HN1988A_OCC4 - Occupation (4-digits) Honduras 2001 - see Variable: HN2001A_OCC - Occupation (4-digit) Honduras 2013 - see Variable: HN2013A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit) Hungary 1970 - see Variable: HU1970A_OCC - Occupation Hungary 1980 - see Variable: HU1980A_OCC - Occupation, scope of activity Hungary 1990 - see Variable: HU1990A_OCC - Occupation Hungary 2001 - see Variable: HU2001A_OCC - Occupation Hungary 2011 - see Variable: HU2011A_OCC - Occupation Indonesia 1971 - see Variable: ID1971A_OCC - Occupation Indonesia 1976 - see Variable: ID1976A_OCC - Primary occupation during past week Indonesia 1980 - see Variable: ID1980A_OCC - Primary occupation during the previous week (3 digit version) Indonesia 1985 - see Variable: ID1985A_OCC - Primary occupation Indonesia 1990 - see Variable: ID1990A_OCC - Main occupation last week Indonesia 1995 - see Variable: ID1995A_OCC - Occupation Indonesia 2005 - see Variable: ID2005A_OCC - Occupation Iran 2006 - see Variable: IR2006A_OCC4 - Occupation Iran 2011 - see Variable: IR2011A_OCC - Occupation (3-digit) Iraq 1997 - see Variable: IQ1997A_OCC - Occupation Ireland 1971 - see Variable: IE1971A_OCC - Occupation Ireland 1981 - see Variable: IE1981A_OCC - Occupation Ireland 1986 - see Variable: IE1986A_OCC - Occupation group Ireland 1991 - see Variable: IE1991A_OCC - Occupation group Ireland 1996 - see Variable: IE1996A_OCC - Occupation Ireland 2002 - see Variable: IE2002A_OCC - Occupation Ireland 2006 - see Variable: IE2006A_OCC - Occupation group Ireland 2011 - see Variable: IE2011A_OCC - Occupation (shuffled) Ireland 2016 - see Variable: IE2016A_OCC - Occupation (groups) Israel 1972 - see Variable: IL1972A_OCC - Occupation Israel 1983 - see Variable: IL1983A_OCC - Occupation Israel 1995 - see Variable: IL1995A_OCC - Occupation Israel 2008 - see Variable: IL2008A_OCC - Occupation Italy 2001 - see Variable: IT2001A_OCC - Occupation Italy 2011 - see Variable: IT2011A_WKTYPE - Type of work Jamaica 1982 - see Variable: JM1982A_OCC - Occupation during past week / in last job Jamaica 1991 - see Variable: JM1991A_OCC - Occupation during past week/in last job Jamaica 2001 - see Variable: JM2001A_OCC3 - Occupation 3-digit Jordan 2004 - see Variable: JO2004A_OCC3 - Major current occupation (3-digit) Kenya 1989 - see Variable: KE1989A_OCC4 - Occupation, 4 digits Kenya 2019 - see Variable: KE2019A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit) Kyrgyzstan 1999 - see Variable: KG1999A_OCC - Main activity Laos 1995 - see Variable: LA1995A_OCC1 - Main occupation in the last 12 months (1-digit) Lesotho 1996 - see Variable: LS1996A_OCC - Occupation (2-digits) Lesotho 2006 - see Variable: LS2006A_OCC - Occupation (2-digits) Liberia 1974 - see Variable: LR1974A_OCC2 - Occupation (2-digit) Liberia 2008 - see Variable: LR2008A_OCC - Occupation Malawi 1987 - see Variable: MW1987A_OCC2 - Occupation, 2 digit Malawi 1998 - see Variable: MW1998A_OCC2 - Occupation, 2-digit Malawi 2008 - see Variable: MW2008A_OCC2 - Occupation (2 digits) Malawi 2018 - see Variable: MW2018A_OCC1 - Main occupation (1-digit) Malaysia 1970 - see Variable: MY1970A_OCC - Occupation last week Malaysia 1980 - see Variable: MY1980A_OCC3 - Principal occupation last week (3 digits) Malaysia 1991 - see Variable: MY1991A_OCC3 - Principal occupation (3 digits) Malaysia 2000 - see Variable: MY2000A_OCC3 - Occupation -- 3 digits Mali 1987 - see Variable: ML1987A_OCC - Occupation last month Mali 1998 - see Variable: ML1998A_OCC - Main occupation Mali 2009 - see Variable: ML2009A_OCC - Principal occupation Mauritius 1990 - see Variable: MU1990A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit) Mauritius 2000 - see Variable: MU2000A_OCC4 - Occupation (4 digit) Mauritius 2011 - see Variable: MU2011A_OCC4 - Occupation (4-digit) Mexico 1960 - see Variable: MX1960A_OCC2 - Principal occupation, 2 digits Mexico 1970 - see Variable: MX1970A_OCC3 - Occupation 3 digit Mexico 1990 - see Variable: MX1990A_OCC - Occupation, 4 digits Mexico 1995 - see Variable: MX1995A_OCC - Occupation Mexico 2000 - see Variable: MX2000A_OCC4 - Occupation, 4 digits Mexico 2010 - see Variable: MX2010A_OCC - Occupation or trade Mexico 2015 - see Variable: MX2015A_OCC - Occupation Mexico 2020 - see Variable: MX2020A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digits) Mongolia 2000 - see Variable: MN2000A_OCC - Occupation Mongolia 2010 - see Variable: MN2010A_OCC3 - Occupation 3 digits (ISCO-2008) Mongolia 2020 - see Variable: MN2020A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit) Morocco 1982 - see Variable: MA1982A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit) Morocco 1994 - see Variable: MA1994A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3-digit Morocco 2004 - see Variable: MA2004A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digit) Morocco 2014 - see Variable: MA2014A_OCC2 - Occupation (2-digit) Mozambique 1997 - see Variable: MZ1997A_OCC2 - Occupation 3-digit Mozambique 2007 - see Variable: MZ2007A_OCC - Occupation Mozambique 2017 - see Variable: MZ2017A_OCC3 - Main occupation (3-digits ISCO 2008) Myanmar 2014 - see Variable: MM2014A_OCC - Occupation Nepal 2001 - see Variable: NP2001A_OCC - Usual occupation Nepal 2011 - see Variable: NP2011A_OCC1 - Occupation (1-digit) Netherlands 1960 - see Variable: NL1960A_OCC - Occupation Netherlands 1971 - see Variable: NL1971A_OCC - Occupation Netherlands 2001 - see Variable: NL2001A_OCC - Occupation Netherlands 2011 - see Variable: NL2011A_OCC - Occupation (1-digit) Nicaragua 1971 - see Variable: NI1971A_OCC - Occupation Nicaragua 1995 - see Variable: NI1995A_OCC - Occupation (ISCO 88, 3 digits) Nicaragua 2005 - see Variable: NI2005A_OCC3 - Occupation (ISCO 88, 3 digits) Pakistan 1973 - see Variable: PK1973A_OCC3 - Occupation Palestine 1997 - see Variable: PS1997A_OCC - Main occupation Palestine 2007 - see Variable: PS2007A_OCC - Main occupation Palestine 2017 - see Variable: PS2017A_OCC - Occupation Panama 1960 - see Variable: PA1960A_OCC4 - Occupation (4-digit) Panama 1970 - see Variable: PA1970A_OCC2 - Occupation, 2-digit Panama 1980 - see Variable: PA1980A_OCC2 - Occupation (3-digit) Panama 1990 - see Variable: PA1990A_OCC - Occupation Panama 2000 - see Variable: PA2000A_OCC - Occupation Panama 2010 - see Variable: PA2010A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digits Papua New Guinea 1980 - see Variable: PG1980A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digits Papua New Guinea 1990 - see Variable: PG1990A_OCC - Occupation Papua New Guinea 2000 - see Variable: PG2000A_OCC - Occupation (4-digit) Paraguay 1962 - see Variable: PY1962A_OCC1 - Occupation (1-digit) Paraguay 1972 - see Variable: PY1972A_OCC3 - Occupation (3 digits) Paraguay 1982 - see Variable: PY1982A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3-digits Paraguay 1992 - see Variable: PY1992A_OCC2 - Main occupation, 3 digits Paraguay 2002 - see Variable: PY2002A_OCC - Occupation (4 digits) Peru 1993 - see Variable: PE1993A_OCC - Occupation (3 digits) Peru 2007 - see Variable: PE2007A_OCC - Main occupation last week (3 digits) Peru 2017 - see Variable: PE2017A_OCC1 - Occupation (1-digit, in primary job last week) Philippines 1990 - see Variable: PH1990A_OCC - Occupation Philippines 2000 - see Variable: PH2000A_OCC - Occupation Philippines 2010 - see Variable: PH2010A_OCC3 - Usual occupation (3-digit) Poland 1978 - see Variable: PL1978A_OCC - Occupation Poland 1988 - see Variable: PL1988A_OCC - Main occupation Poland 2002 - see Variable: PL2002A_OCC - Occupation Portugal 1981 - see Variable: PT1981A_OCC - Main occupation Portugal 1991 - see Variable: PT1991A_OCC - Main occupation Portugal 2001 - see Variable: PT2001A_OCC - Main occupation Portugal 2011 - see Variable: PT2011A_OCC - Main occupation Puerto Rico 1970 - see Variable: PR1970A_OCC - Occupation Puerto Rico 1980 - see Variable: PR1980A_OCC - Occupation Puerto Rico 1990 - see Variable: PR1990A_OCC - Occupation Puerto Rico 2000 - see Variable: PR2000A_OCC - Occupation Puerto Rico 2005 - see Variable: PR2005A_OCC - Occupation Puerto Rico 2010 - see Variable: PR2010A_OCC - Occupation Puerto Rico 2015 - see Variable: PR2015A_OCC - Occupation last week Puerto Rico 2020 - see Variable: PR2020A_OCC2010 - Occupation last week, 2010 basis Romania 1992 - see Variable: RO1992A_OCC - Occupation Romania 2002 - see Variable: RO2002A_OCC4 - Occupation, 4 digits Romania 2011 - see Variable: RO2011A_OCC - Occupation (unrecoded) Rwanda 2002 - see Variable: RW2002A_OCC - Occupation Rwanda 2012 - see Variable: RW2012A_OCC2 - Occupation (3-digit) Saint Lucia 1991 - see Variable: LC1991A_OCC - Occupation Senegal 1988 - see Variable: SN1988A_OCC - Occupation Senegal 2002 - see Variable: SN2002A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits Senegal 2013 - see Variable: SN2013A_OCC3 - Profession or occupation (3-digit) Sierra Leone 2004 - see Variable: SL2004A_OCC - Occupation Sierra Leone 2015 - see Variable: SL2015A_OCC - Main occupation in the past 12 months Slovakia 1991 - see Variable: SK1991A_OCC - Occupation (2-digit) Slovakia 2001 - see Variable: SK2001A_OCC2 - Occupation (2-digit) Slovakia 2011 - see Variable: SK2011A_OCC2 - Occupation (2-digit) Slovenia 2002 - see Variable: SI2002A_OCC - Occupation South Africa 1996 - see Variable: ZA1996A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits South Africa 2001 - see Variable: ZA2001A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digit South Africa 2007 - see Variable: ZA2007A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits South Sudan 2008 - see Variable: SS2008A_OCC - Occupation Spain 1981 - see Variable: ES1981A_OCC - Occupation Spain 1991 - see Variable: ES1991A_OCC - Occupation Spain 2001 - see Variable: ES2001A_OCC - Occupation Spain 2011 - see Variable: ES2011A_OCC - Occupation, 2-digits Sudan 2008 - see Variable: SD2008A_OCC - Occupation Suriname 2004 - see Variable: SR2004A_OCC - Occupation Suriname 2012 - see Variable: SR2012A_OCC - Occupation (groups) Switzerland 1970 - see Variable: CH1970A_ISCO - Present occupation (ISCO) Switzerland 1980 - see Variable: CH1980A_ISCO - Present occupation (ISCO-COM) Switzerland 1990 - see Variable: CH1990A_ISCO4 - Present occupation (ISCO-COM) Switzerland 2000 - see Variable: CH2000A_ISCO4 - Present occupation (ISCO-COM) Switzerland 2011 - see Variable: CH2011A_OCC - Current occupation (1-digit, ISCO-08) Tanzania 1988 - see Variable: TZ1988A_OCC - Occupation Tanzania 2002 - see Variable: TZ2002A_OCC - Occupation last week Tanzania 2012 - see Variable: TZ2012A_OCC - Occupation Thailand 1970 - see Variable: TH1970A_OCC - Principal occupation last year Thailand 1980 - see Variable: TH1980A_OCC - Occupation last year Thailand 1990 - see Variable: TH1990A_OCC3 - Occupation last year Thailand 2000 - see Variable: TH2000A_OCC3 - Occupation last year, 3 digits Togo 1960 - see Variable: TG1960A_OCC - Occupation (3-digits) Togo 1970 - see Variable: TG1970A_OCC3 - Occupation (3-digits) Togo 2010 - see Variable: TG2010A_OCC2 - Occupation (3-digits) Trinidad and Tobago 1980 - see Variable: TT1980A_OCC - Main occupation (2-digit) Trinidad and Tobago 1990 - see Variable: TT1990A_OCC - Main occupation during previous week (three digits) Trinidad and Tobago 2000 - see Variable: TT2000A_OCC - Main occupation (3 digits) Turkey 1985 - see Variable: TR1985A_OCC2 - Occupation (2-digit) Turkey 1990 - see Variable: TR1990A_OCC2 - Current occupation (2 digits) Turkey 2000 - see Variable: TR2000A_OCC2 - Current occupation, 2 digit Uganda 1991 - see Variable: UG1991A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digits Uganda 2002 - see Variable: UG2002A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digits Uganda 2014 - see Variable: UG2014A_OCC - Occupation (2-digits) United Kingdom 1961 - see Variable: UK1961A_OCC - Occupation United Kingdom 1971 - see Variable: UK1971A_OCC - Occupation United Kingdom 1991 - see Variable: UK1991A_OCC - Occupational classification United Kingdom 2001 - see Variable: UK2001A_OCC3 - Standard occupational classification 2000-minor United States 1960 - see Variable: US1960A_OCC - Occupation United States 1970 - see Variable: US1970A_OCC - Occupation United States 1980 - see Variable: US1980A_OCC - Occupation United States 1990 - see Variable: US1990A_OCC - Occupation United States 2000 - see Variable: US2000A_OCC - Occupation United States 2005 - see Variable: US2005A_OCC2000M - Occupation, 2000 basis, modal category assignment United States 2010 - see Variable: US2010A_OCC - Occupation United States 2015 - see Variable: US2015A_OCC - Occupation last week United States 2020 - see Variable: US2020A_OCC - Occupation last week Uruguay 1963 - see Variable: UY1963A_OCC2 - Primary occupation [2-digit] Uruguay 1975 - see Variable: UY1975A_OCC - Occupation (COTA, 3 digits) Uruguay 1985 - see Variable: UY1985A_OCC - Occupation during the past week Uruguay 1996 - see Variable: UY1996A_OCC - Occupation (ISCO 88, 3 digits) Uruguay 2006 - see Variable: UY2006A_OCC3 - Occupation (ISCO-88, 3 digits) Venezuela 1981 - see Variable: VE1981A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digits Venezuela 1990 - see Variable: VE1990A_OCC - Occupation, 3 digits Venezuela 2001 - see Variable: VE2001A_OCC - Occupation Vietnam 1989 - see Variable: VN1989A_OCC2 - Occupation, 2 digits Vietnam 1999 - see Variable: VN1999A_OCC3 - Occupation, 3 digit Vietnam 2009 - see Variable: VN2009A_OCC - Occupation Vietnam 2019 - see Variable: VN2019A_OCC1 - Occupation, 1 digit Zambia 1990 - see Variable: ZM1990A_OCC - Occupation Zambia 2000 - see Variable: ZM2000A_OCC - Main occupation last 12 months, 3 digits Zambia 2010 - see Variable: ZM2010A_OCC2 - Main occupation last 12 months, 3 digits Zimbabwe 2012 - see Variable: ZW2012A_OCC - Occupation (3-digits) Work Variables -- PERSON Industry, general recode INDGEN recodes the industrial classifications of the various samples into twelve groups that can be fairly consistently identified across all available samples. The groupings roughly conform to the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). The third digit of INDGEN retains important detail among the service industries that could not be consistently distinguished in all samples. "Industry" refers to the activity or product of the establishment or sector in which a person worked. 000 NIU (not in universe) 010 Agriculture, fishing, and forestry 020 Mining and extraction 030 Manufacturing 040 Electricity, gas, water and waste management 050 Construction 060 Wholesale and retail trade 070 Hotels and restaurants 080 Transportation, storage, and communications 090 Financial services and insurance 100 Public administration and defense 110 Services, not specified 111 Business services and real estate 112 Education 113 Health and social work 114 Other services 120 Private household services 130 Other industry, n.e.c. 998 Response suppressed 999 Unknown Work Variables -- PERSON Industry, unrecoded "Industry" refers to the activity or product of the establishment or sector in which the person worked. IND is classified according to the system used by the respective national census office at the time, and is not recoded by IPUMS-International. IND is a 5-digit numeric variable. Some samples use fewer than 5 digits. In those cases, the data are right-justified, and the extra leading digits are padded with zeroes. Argentina 1970 - see Variable: AR1970A_IND4 - Industry [4 digit] Argentina 1980 - see Variable: AR1980A_IND - Industry Argentina 1991 - see Variable: AR1991A_IND - Industry Argentina 2001 - see Variable: AR2001A_IND - Industry Armenia 2001 - see Variable: AM2001A_IND - Principal activity at place of work Armenia 2011 - see Variable: AM2011A_IND - Industry Austria 1971 - see Variable: AT1971A_INDBR - Economic activity of supporter: branch Austria 1981 - see Variable: AT1981A_INDBR - Economic activity of supporter: branch Austria 1991 - see Variable: AT1991A_INDBR - Economic activity of supporter: branch Austria 2001 - see Variable: AT2001A_INDBR - Economic activity of supporter: branch Austria 2011 - see Variable: AT2011A_IND - Industry Bangladesh 1991 - see Variable: BD1991A_IND - Industry Bangladesh 2001 - see Variable: BD2001A_IND - Main work field Bangladesh 2011 - see Variable: BD2011A_IND - Industry Belarus 2009 - see Variable: BY2009A_ECONACT - Industry Benin 1979 - see Variable: BJ1979A_IND - Industry (1-digit) Benin 1992 - see Variable: BJ1992A_IND3 - Industry (2-digits) Benin 2002 - see Variable: BJ2002A_IND2 - Industry (2-digits) Benin 2013 - see Variable: BJ2013A_IND3 - Industry (3-digit) Bolivia 1976 - see Variable: BO1976A_IND - Industry Bolivia 1992 - see Variable: BO1992A_IND3 - Activity, 3 digits Bolivia 2001 - see Variable: BO2001A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digits Bolivia 2012 - see Variable: BO2012A_IND2 - Industry (2 digit) Botswana 1981 - see Variable: BW1981A_IND - Industry Botswana 1991 - see Variable: BW1991A_IND - Industry Botswana 2001 - see Variable: BW2001A_IND - Industry Botswana 2011 - see Variable: BW2011A_IND - Industry, 3-digits Brazil 1960 - see Variable: BR1960A_INDUSTRY - Industry Brazil 1970 - see Variable: BR1970A_INDUSTRY - Industry Brazil 1980 - see Variable: BR1980A_INDUSTRY - Industry Brazil 1991 - see Variable: BR1991A_IND - Industry Brazil 2000 - see Variable: BR2000A_IND - Industry, 5 digits Brazil 2010 - see Variable: BR2010A_IND - Industry of work from July 25 to July 31, 2010 Burkina Faso 1996 - see Variable: BF1996A_IND - Branch of activity Cambodia 1998 - see Variable: KH1998A_IND - Industry Cambodia 2004 - see Variable: KH2004A_IND3 - Industry (3-digits) Cambodia 2008 - see Variable: KH2008A_IND - Industry Cambodia 2013 - see Variable: KH2013A_IND - Industry (3-digits) Cambodia 2019 - see Variable: KH2019A_IND3 - Industy (ISIC rev 4, 3-digit) Cameroon 2005 - see Variable: CM2005A_IND - Industry Canada 1971 - see Variable: CA1971A_IND - Industry Canada 1981 - see Variable: CA1981A_IND - Industry (1981 standard industrial classification) Canada 1991 - see Variable: CA1991A_IND80 - Industry (1980 standard industrial classification) Canada 2001 - see Variable: CA2001A_IND80P - Industry (1980 Standard Industrial Classification) Canada 2011 - see Variable: CA2011A_IND - Industry Chile 1960 - see Variable: CL1960A_IND - Industry Chile 1970 - see Variable: CL1970A_IND4 - Industry (4-digit) Chile 1982 - see Variable: CL1982A_IND4 - Industry (4-digit) Chile 1992 - see Variable: CL1992A_IND - Industry Chile 2002 - see Variable: CL2002A_IND - Industry Chile 2017 - see Variable: CL2017A_IND - Industry (1-digit) China 1982 - see Variable: CN1982A_INDUSTRY - Industry China 1990 - see Variable: CN1990A_IND - Industry China 2000 - see Variable: CN2000A_IND - Industry (2-digit) Colombia 1964 - see Variable: CO1964A_IND4 - Industry, 4 digits Colombia 1973 - see Variable: CO1973A_IND - Industry Colombia 1993 - see Variable: CO1993A_IND - Industry Colombia 2005 - see Variable: CO2005A_IND - Industry (2-digit) Costa Rica 1963 - see Variable: CR1963A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digits Costa Rica 1973 - see Variable: CR1973A_IND4 - Industry, 4 digits Costa Rica 1984 - see Variable: CR1984A_IND4 - Industry, 4 digits Costa Rica 2000 - see Variable: CR2000A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digits Costa Rica 2011 - see Variable: CR2011A_IND - Industry 2-digit Cuba 2002 - see Variable: CU2002A_IND - Industry Cuba 2012 - see Variable: CU2012A_IND - Industry Côte d'Ivoire 1988 - see Variable: CI1988A_IND - Industry (1-digit) Côte d'Ivoire 1998 - see Variable: CI1998A_IND2 - Industry sector (detailed) Dominican Republic 1960 - see Variable: DO1960A_IND - Industry Dominican Republic 1970 - see Variable: DO1970A_IND1 - Industry, 3 digits Dominican Republic 1981 - see Variable: DO1981A_IND - Industry (3-digit) Dominican Republic 2002 - see Variable: DO2002A_IND - Industry Dominican Republic 2010 - see Variable: DO2010A_IND - Main activity of business Ecuador 1962 - see Variable: EC1962A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digits Ecuador 1982 - see Variable: EC1982A_IND3 - Industry Ecuador 1990 - see Variable: EC1990A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digits Ecuador 2001 - see Variable: EC2001A_IND - Industry, 3 digits Ecuador 2010 - see Variable: EC2010A_IND3 - Industry (3 digits, ISIC rev 4) Egypt 1986 - see Variable: EG1986A_IND3 - Industry (3-digit) Egypt 1996 - see Variable: EG1996A_IND3 - Industry (ISIC) Egypt 2006 - see Variable: EG2006A_IND - Industry, 3-digit El Salvador 1992 - see Variable: SV1992A_IND - Industry (3-digit) El Salvador 2007 - see Variable: SV2007A_IND3DIG - Industry (3-digit) Ethiopia 1984 - see Variable: ET1984A_IND2 - Industry Ethiopia 1994 - see Variable: ET1994A_IND - Industry Fiji 1966 - see Variable: FJ1966A_IND - Industry Fiji 1976 - see Variable: FJ1976A_IND - Industry Fiji 1986 - see Variable: FJ1986A_IND - Industry 3 digits Fiji 1996 - see Variable: FJ1996A_IND2DIG - Industry (2 digits) Fiji 2007 - see Variable: FJ2007A_IND2 - Industry, 2 digits Fiji 2014 - see Variable: FJ2014A_IND - Industry Finland 2010 - see Variable: FI2010A_IND - Industry France 1962 - see Variable: FR1962A_IND - Industry France 1968 - see Variable: FR1968A_IND41 - Industry, 41 categories France 1975 - see Variable: FR1975A_INDUN - Industry, UNO France 1982 - see Variable: FR1982A_INDUN - Industry, United Nations nomenclature France 1990 - see Variable: FR1990A_IND15 - Industry, 15 categories France 1999 - see Variable: FR1999A_INDCITI - Industry, ISIC France 2006 - see Variable: FR2006A_IND700N - Economic activity in 700 categories (2003 classification) numeric recode France 2011 - see Variable: FR2011A_IND - Industry, 732 categories Germany 1970 - see Variable: DE1970A_IND - Industry Germany 1971 - see Variable: DE1971A_IND - Industry Germany 1981 - see Variable: DE1981A_IND - Industry Germany 1987 - see Variable: DE1987A_IND - Industry Ghana 2000 - see Variable: GH2000A_IND - Industry Ghana 2010 - see Variable: GH2010A_IND - Industry (major groups) Greece 1971 - see Variable: GR1971A_IND - Industry Greece 1981 - see Variable: GR1981A_IND - Industry Greece 1991 - see Variable: GR1991A_IND - Industry Greece 2001 - see Variable: GR2001A_IND - Industry Greece 2011 - see Variable: GR2011A_IND - Industry Guatemala 1964 - see Variable: GT1964A_IND3 - Field of economic activity (3-digits) Guatemala 1973 - see Variable: GT1973A_IND3 - Industry (3-digits) Guatemala 1981 - see Variable: GT1981A_IND3 - Industry (3-digits) Guatemala 1994 - see Variable: GT1994A_IND2 - Field of economic activity (2-digits) Guatemala 2002 - see Variable: GT2002A_IND1 - Field of economic activity (1-digit) Guinea 1983 - see Variable: GN1983A_IND2 - Branch of economic activity, 2 digits Guinea 2014 - see Variable: GN2014A_IND - Industry (3-digit) Haiti 1982 - see Variable: HT1982A_IND - Branch of work Haiti 2003 - see Variable: HT2003A_IND2 - Industry, 3 digits Honduras 1961 - see Variable: HN1961A_IND - Industry (2-digits) Honduras 1974 - see Variable: HN1974A_IND - Industry (3-digits) Honduras 2001 - see Variable: HN2001A_IND - Industry (4-digit) Honduras 2013 - see Variable: HN2013A_IND3 - Economic activity (3-digit) Hungary 2001 - see Variable: HU2001A_IND - Industry, branch of economy Hungary 2011 - see Variable: HU2011A_IND - Industry Indonesia 1971 - see Variable: ID1971A_IND - Industry Indonesia 1976 - see Variable: ID1976A_IND - Industry Indonesia 1980 - see Variable: ID1980A_IND - Industry Indonesia 1985 - see Variable: ID1985A_IND - Industry of primary occupation Indonesia 1990 - see Variable: ID1990A_IND - Industry of main occupation last week Indonesia 1995 - see Variable: ID1995A_IND - Industry Indonesia 2000 - see Variable: ID2000A_IND - Industry of primary occupation Indonesia 2005 - see Variable: ID2005A_IND - Industry Indonesia 2010 - see Variable: ID2010A_IND - Industry Iran 2006 - see Variable: IR2006A_IND4 - Industry Iran 2011 - see Variable: IR2011A_IND - Industry (3-digit) Iraq 1997 - see Variable: IQ1997A_IND - Industry Ireland 1971 - see Variable: IE1971A_IND - Industry Ireland 1981 - see Variable: IE1981A_IND - Industry class Ireland 1986 - see Variable: IE1986A_IND - Industry class Ireland 1991 - see Variable: IE1991A_IND - Industry class Ireland 1996 - see Variable: IE1996A_IND - Industry class Ireland 2002 - see Variable: IE2002A_IND - Industry class Ireland 2006 - see Variable: IE2006A_IND - Industry class Ireland 2011 - see Variable: IE2011A_IND - Industry Ireland 2016 - see Variable: IE2016A_IND - Industry Israel 1972 - see Variable: IL1972A_IND - Industry Israel 1983 - see Variable: IL1983A_IND - Industry Israel 1995 - see Variable: IL1995A_IND - Industry Israel 2008 - see Variable: IL2008A_IND - Branch of economy Italy 2001 - see Variable: IT2001A_IND - Industry Italy 2011 - see Variable: IT2011A_IND - Sector of economic activity Jamaica 1982 - see Variable: JM1982A_IND - Industry or type of business during past week / in last job Jamaica 1991 - see Variable: JM1991A_IND3 - Industry during past week or in last job, 3 digits Jamaica 2001 - see Variable: JM2001A_IND3 - Industry 3-digit Jordan 2004 - see Variable: JO2004A_IND - Major current economic activity of the establishment Kenya 2019 - see Variable: KE2019A_IND1 - Industry, ISIC section Kyrgyzstan 1999 - see Variable: KG1999A_IND - Activity type of an enterprise you are working in Kyrgyzstan 2009 - see Variable: KG2009A_IND - Type of industry, enterprise or organization Laos 1995 - see Variable: LA1995A_IND2 - Main industry in the last 12 months (2-digit) Laos 2005 - see Variable: LA2005A_IND3 - Industry (ISIC 3-digit) Laos 2015 - see Variable: LA2015A_IND2 - Industry (2-digit ISIC Rev. 4) Lesotho 2006 - see Variable: LS2006A_IND - Industry (2-digits) Liberia 1974 - see Variable: LR1974A_IND - Industry (3-digit) Liberia 2008 - see Variable: LR2008A_IND - Industry Malawi 1987 - see Variable: MW1987A_IND2 - Industry, 2 digit Malawi 1998 - see Variable: MW1998A_IND4 - Industry, 4-digit Malawi 2008 - see Variable: MW2008A_IND2 - Main industry Malawi 2018 - see Variable: MW2018A_IND3 - Main industry (ISIC 2008 3-digit) Malaysia 1970 - see Variable: MY1970A_IND3 - Industry last week Malaysia 1980 - see Variable: MY1980A_IND3 - Industry last week (3 digits) Malaysia 1991 - see Variable: MY1991A_IND3 - Main industry (3 digits) Malaysia 2000 - see Variable: MY2000A_IND3 - Main industry - 3 digits Mali 1987 - see Variable: ML1987A_IND - Principal branch of employment last month Mali 1998 - see Variable: ML1998A_IND - Branch of economic activity Mali 2009 - see Variable: ML2009A_IND - Industry Mauritius 1990 - see Variable: MU1990A_IND - Industry (1-digit) Mauritius 2000 - see Variable: MU2000A_IND1 - Industry (1 digit) Mauritius 2011 - see Variable: MU2011A_IND2 - Industry (2-digit) Mexico 1960 - see Variable: MX1960A_IND - Industry Mexico 1970 - see Variable: MX1970A_IND - Industry Mexico 1990 - see Variable: MX1990A_IND5 - Industry, 5 digits Mexico 1995 - see Variable: MX1995A_IND - Industry Mexico 2000 - see Variable: MX2000A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digits Mexico 2010 - see Variable: MX2010A_IND - Industry Mexico 2015 - see Variable: MX2015A_IND - Industry Mexico 2020 - see Variable: MX2020A_IND - Industry (4-digits) Mongolia 2000 - see Variable: MN2000A_IND - Industry Mongolia 2010 - see Variable: MN2010A_IND2 - Industry, division (ISIC Revision 4) Mongolia 2020 - see Variable: MN2020A_IND3 - Main industry (3-digit) Morocco 1982 - see Variable: MA1982A_IND3 - Industry (3-digit) Morocco 1994 - see Variable: MA1994A_IND2 - Industry (2 digits) Morocco 2004 - see Variable: MA2004A_IND2 - Sector of economic activity (2-digit) Morocco 2014 - see Variable: MA2014A_IND2 - Industry (2-digit) Mozambique 1997 - see Variable: MZ1997A_IND1 - Industry Mozambique 2007 - see Variable: MZ2007A_IND - Industry Mozambique 2017 - see Variable: MZ2017A_IND2 - Main economic activity (2-digits CAE Rev.2) Myanmar 2014 - see Variable: MM2014A_IND - Industry Nepal 2001 - see Variable: NP2001A_IND - Usual industry Nepal 2011 - see Variable: NP2011A_IND - Industry (2-digit) Netherlands 1960 - see Variable: NL1960A_IND - Industry Netherlands 1971 - see Variable: NL1971A_IND - Industry Netherlands 2001 - see Variable: NL2001A_IND - Industry Netherlands 2011 - see Variable: NL2011A_IND - Industry (1-digit) Nicaragua 1971 - see Variable: NI1971A_IND3 - Industry (ISIC2), 3 digits Nicaragua 1995 - see Variable: NI1995A_IND - Industry (ISIC 3.1, 3 digits) Nicaragua 2005 - see Variable: NI2005A_IND3 - Industry (ISIC 3.1, 3 digits)) Pakistan 1973 - see Variable: PK1973A_IND2 - Industry, 2 digit Palestine 1997 - see Variable: PS1997A_IND - Industry Palestine 2007 - see Variable: PS2007A_IND - Industry Palestine 2017 - see Variable: PS2017A_IND - Industry Panama 1960 - see Variable: PA1960A_IND3 - Industry (3 digit) Panama 1970 - see Variable: PA1970A_IND3 - Industry [3 digit] Panama 1980 - see Variable: PA1980A_IND - Industry, 3-digit Panama 1990 - see Variable: PA1990A_IND3 - Industry - 3 Digits Panama 2000 - see Variable: PA2000A_IND - Economic activity, 3 digits Panama 2010 - see Variable: PA2010A_IND - Economic activity, 4 digits Papua New Guinea 1980 - see Variable: PG1980A_IND - Industry, 3 digits Papua New Guinea 2000 - see Variable: PG2000A_IND3 - Industry (3-digit) Paraguay 1962 - see Variable: PY1962A_IND3 - Industry (3 digits) Paraguay 1972 - see Variable: PY1972A_IND3 - Industry (3 digits) Paraguay 1982 - see Variable: PY1982A_IND3 - Industry, 3-digits Paraguay 1992 - see Variable: PY1992A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digits Paraguay 2002 - see Variable: PY2002A_IND - Industry (4 digits) Peru 1993 - see Variable: PE1993A_IND - Economic activity (4 digits) Peru 2007 - see Variable: PE2007A_IND - Economic activity (4-digits) Peru 2017 - see Variable: PE2017A_IND4 - Economic activity (4-digits, in primary job last week) Philippines 1990 - see Variable: PH1990A_IND - Industry Philippines 1995 - see Variable: PH1995A_IND - Industry Philippines 2000 - see Variable: PH2000A_IND - Industry Philippines 2010 - see Variable: PH2010A_IND3 - Kind of business or industry (3-digit) Poland 1978 - see Variable: PL1978A_IND - Industry (of person providing support) Poland 2002 - see Variable: PL2002A_IND - Industry (main employer) Portugal 1981 - see Variable: PT1981A_IND - Industry Portugal 1991 - see Variable: PT1991A_IND - Industry Portugal 2001 - see Variable: PT2001A_IND - Industry Portugal 2011 - see Variable: PT2011A_IND - Industry Puerto Rico 1970 - see Variable: PR1970A_IND1990 - Industry, 1990 basis Puerto Rico 1980 - see Variable: PR1980A_IND1990 - Industry, 1990 basis Puerto Rico 1990 - see Variable: PR1990A_IND - Industry Puerto Rico 2000 - see Variable: PR2000A_IND1990 - Industry, 1990 basis Puerto Rico 2005 - see Variable: PR2005A_IND1990 - Industry, 1990 basis Puerto Rico 2010 - see Variable: PR2010A_IND - Industry Puerto Rico 2015 - see Variable: PR2015A_IND - Industry Puerto Rico 2020 - see Variable: PR2020A_IND - Industry Romania 1977 - see Variable: RO1977A_IND - Industry of supporter Romania 1977 - see Variable: RO1977A_WKACT - Activity category Romania 1992 - see Variable: RO1992A_IND - Industry Romania 2002 - see Variable: RO2002A_IND - Industry Romania 2011 - see Variable: RO2011A_INDGEN - Industry (general categories) Rwanda 2002 - see Variable: RW2002A_IND - Industry Rwanda 2012 - see Variable: RW2012A_IND2 - Industry (3-digit) Saint Lucia 1991 - see Variable: LC1991A_IND3 - Industry, 2 digit Senegal 1988 - see Variable: SN1988A_IND - Industry Senegal 2013 - see Variable: SN2013A_IND3 - Industry (3-digit) Sierra Leone 2004 - see Variable: SL2004A_IND - Industry Slovenia 2002 - see Variable: SI2002A_IND - Industry South Africa 1996 - see Variable: ZA1996A_IND2 - Industry, 2 digits South Africa 2001 - see Variable: ZA2001A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digit South Africa 2007 - see Variable: ZA2007A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digit South Sudan 2008 - see Variable: SS2008A_IND - Industry Spain 1981 - see Variable: ES1981A_IND - Industry Spain 1991 - see Variable: ES1991A_IND - Activity of the establishment Spain 2001 - see Variable: ES2001A_IND - Industry Spain 2011 - see Variable: ES2011A_IND - Industry, 2-digits Sudan 2008 - see Variable: SD2008A_IND - Industry Suriname 2004 - see Variable: SR2004A_IND - Industry Suriname 2012 - see Variable: SR2012A_IND - Industry (groups) Switzerland 1970 - see Variable: CH1970A_IND - Branch of economic activity (industry) Switzerland 1980 - see Variable: CH1980A_IND - Branch of economic activity (industry) Switzerland 1990 - see Variable: CH1990A_IND - Branch of economic activity (industry) Switzerland 2000 - see Variable: CH2000A_IND - Branch of economic activity (industry) Switzerland 2011 - see Variable: CH2011A_IND2 - Industry of local unit, workplace (NOGA 2-digit) Tanzania 2002 - see Variable: TZ2002A_IND - Industry last week Tanzania 2012 - see Variable: TZ2012A_IND - Industry Thailand 1970 - see Variable: TH1970A_IND - Principal industry last year Thailand 1980 - see Variable: TH1980A_IND - Principal industry last year Thailand 1990 - see Variable: TH1990A_IND3 - Principal industry last year, 3 digits Thailand 2000 - see Variable: TH2000A_IND3 - Industry last year, 3 digits Togo 1970 - see Variable: TG1970A_IND - Industry (1-digit) Togo 2010 - see Variable: TG2010A_IND3 - Industry (3-digits) Trinidad and Tobago 1980 - see Variable: TT1980A_IND - Industry (2-digit) Trinidad and Tobago 1990 - see Variable: TT1990A_IND - Industry Trinidad and Tobago 2000 - see Variable: TT2000A_IND - Industry (2 digits) Turkey 1985 - see Variable: TR1985A_INDALT - Industry (2-digit) Turkey 1990 - see Variable: TR1990A_IND2 - Industry (2 digits) Turkey 2000 - see Variable: TR2000A_IND2 - Industry, 2 digit Uganda 2002 - see Variable: UG2002A_IND - Industry United Kingdom 1961 - see Variable: UK1961A_IND - Industry United Kingdom 1971 - see Variable: UK1971A_IND - Industry United Kingdom 1991 - see Variable: UK1991A_IND - Industrial classification United Kingdom 2001 - see Variable: UK2001A_IND - Industry classification United States 1960 - see Variable: US1960A_IND - Industry United States 1970 - see Variable: US1970A_IND - Industry United States 1980 - see Variable: US1980A_IND - Industry United States 1990 - see Variable: US1990A_IND - Industry United States 2000 - see Variable: US2000A_IND - Industry United States 2005 - see Variable: US2005A_IND - Industry United States 2010 - see Variable: US2010A_IND - Industry United States 2015 - see Variable: US2015A_IND - Industry United States 2020 - see Variable: US2020A_IND - Industry Uruguay 1963 - see Variable: UY1963A_IND2 - Primary industry [2-digit] Uruguay 1985 - see Variable: UY1985A_IND - Industry during the past week Uruguay 1996 - see Variable: UY1996A_IND2 - Industry (ISIC 3, 2 digits) Uruguay 2006 - see Variable: UY2006A_IND3 - Industry (ISIC rev 3, 3 digits) Venezuela 1981 - see Variable: VE1981A_IND - Industry Venezuela 1990 - see Variable: VE1990A_IND - Industry Venezuela 2001 - see Variable: VE2001A_IND - Industry Vietnam 1989 - see Variable: VN1989A_IND2 - Industry, 2 digits Vietnam 1999 - see Variable: VN1999A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digit Vietnam 2009 - see Variable: VN2009A_IND - Industry Vietnam 2019 - see Variable: VN2019A_IND3 - Industry, 3 digit Zambia 1990 - see Variable: ZM1990A_IND - Industry Zambia 2000 - see Variable: ZM2000A_IND - Type of industry, 3 digits Zambia 2010 - see Variable: ZM2010A_IND2 - Industry, 3 digits Work Variables -- PERSON Status in employment (class of worker) [general version] CLASSWK refers to the status of an economically active person with respect to his or her employment -- that is, the type of explicit or implicit contract of employment with other persons or organizations that the person has in his/her job. In general, the variable indicates whether a person was self-employed, or worked for someone else, either for pay or as an unpaid family worker. CLASSWK is related to EMPSTAT, which is used to define the universe in many samples. Class of worker is often referred to as "status in employment" in other sources. 0 NIU (not in universe) 1 Self-employed 2 Wage/salary worker 3 Unpaid worker 4 Other 9 Unknown/missing Work Variables -- PERSON Status in employment (class of worker) [detailed version] CLASSWK refers to the status of an economically active person with respect to his or her employment -- that is, the type of explicit or implicit contract of employment with other persons or organizations that the person has in his/her job. In general, the variable indicates whether a person was self-employed, or worked for someone else, either for pay or as an unpaid family worker. CLASSWK is related to EMPSTAT, which is used to define the universe in many samples. Class of worker is often referred to as "status in employment" in other sources. 000 NIU (not in universe) 100 Self-employed 101 Self-employed, unincorporated 102 Self-employed, incorporated 110 Employer 111 Sharecropper, employer 120 Working on own account 121 Own account, agriculture 122 Domestic worker, self-employed 123 Subsistence worker, own consumption 124 Own account, other 125 Own account, without temporary/unpaid help 126 Own account, with temporary/unpaid help 130 Member of cooperative 140 Sharecropper 141 Sharecropper, self-employed 142 Sharecropper, employee 150 Kibbutz member 199 Self-employed, not specified 200 Wage/salary worker 201 Management 202 Non-management 203 White collar (non-manual) 204 Blue collar (manual) 205 White or blue collar 206 Day laborer 207 Employee, with a permanent job 208 Employee, occasional, temporary, contract 209 Employee without legal contract 210 Wage/salary worker, private employer 211 Apprentice 212 Religious worker 213 Wage/salary worker, non-profit, NGO 214 White collar, private 215 Blue collar, private 216 Paid family worker 217 Cooperative employee 220 Wage/salary worker, government or public sector 221 Federal, government employee 222 State government employee 223 Local government employee 224 White collar, public 225 Blue collar, public 226 Public companies 227 Civil servants, local collectives 230 Domestic worker (work for private household) 240 Seasonal migrant 241 Seasonal migrant, no broker 242 Seasonal migrant, uses broker 250 Other wage and salary 251 Canal zone/commission employee 252 Government employment/training program 253 Mixed state/private enterprise/parastatal 254 Government public work program 255 State enterprise employee 256 Coordinated and continuous collaboration job 300 Unpaid worker 310 Unpaid family worker 320 Apprentice, unpaid or unspecified 330 Trainee 340 Apprentice or trainee 350 Works for others without wage 400 Other 999 Unknown/missing Work Variables -- PERSON Status in employment (class of worker), Europe ECLASSWK refers in European Samples to the status of an economically active person with respect to his or her employment -- that is, the type of explicit or implicit contract of employment with other persons or organizations that the person has in his/her job. In general, the variable indicates whether a person was self-employed, or worked for someone else, either for pay or as an unpaid family worker. ECLASSWK is related to EEMPSTAT (employment status), which is used to define the universe for the variable in many samples. ECLASSWK has been classified according to the recommendations given by the Conference of European Statisticians for the 2010 Population and Housing Censuses. "Class of worker" is referred to as "Status in Employment" in the CES recommendations. The former term is used to maintain concordance with IPUMS practice. 0 NIU (not in universe) 1 Employees 2 Employers 3 Own-account worker 4 Contributing family workers 5 Members of producers' co-operatives 6 Persons not classificable by status 9 Unknown Work Variables -- PERSON Receives pension or similar benefit PENSION indicates whether the respondent received a pension or similar benefits. 10 Yes, receives a pension 11 Retirement 12 Retirement and other 13 Disability 14 Disability and other 15 Other or type not specified 20 No, does not receive a pension 98 Unknown 99 NIU (not in universe) Income Variables -- PERSON Disability status DISABLED indicates whether the person reported a disability of any kind. 0 NIU (not in universe) 1 Yes, disabled 2 No, not disabled 9 Unknown Disability Variables -- PERSON Person number (within household) 32 <span class="em">Name, first name and number of the person (Questions 1 and 2) [p.48]</span> <br />1. If the <span class="em">total number of </span>the representatives of a given household exceeds 6, then an additional A form shall be used to register the remaining number of them. <br />In the same time, the numeration of the auxiliary form shall be changed by replacing numbers 01, 02, 03, etc. with such numbers as 07, 08, 09 etc. If there are still more individuals, consecutive auxiliary forms shall be used during the census. <br />2. In the case of newborns without a name, they should have the "no name yet" annotation written down as the answer to question number 2. Poland 1978: All records This variable indicates the person number within the household. 00 Household record 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 Technical Person Variables -- PERSON Economic position in the household Poland 1978: All persons This variable indicates the economic position in the household and whether the person is supporting other persons or being maintained by a supporter. 00 Married couple with their own source of income, not supporting anybody else 01 Other persons with their own source of income, not supporting anybody else 02 A wife or a husband with her or his own source of income and maintaining a spouse 03 Other persons with their own source of income and maintaining at least one other person from their household 04 Main breadwinner (supporter) 05 Secondary breadwinner (supporter) 06 Spouses being maintained by supporter 07 Other persons being supported by persons who are also supporting their spouses 08 Being supported by the other sole breadwinners 09 Being supported by co-supporters 10 Being supported by other persons (not registered within the household) Work Variables -- PERSON Industry (of person providing support) Poland 1978: Present persons who are economically active or who are being maintaned with earned sources of income [discrepancies: type I trace, type II none] This variable indicates the industry of the person who is providing economic support. 01 General industry 02 Agriculture 03 Construction 04 Forestry 05 Transportation and communication 06 Commerce 07 Other material production branches 08 Municipal economy 09 Housing economy and non-material municipal services 10 Science and technological development 11 Education and upbringing 12 Culture and arts 13 Health protection and social care 14 Physical education, tourism, and recreation 15 Other non-material service branches 16 Administration and judicature 17 Finance and insurance 18 Political organizations, trade unions, and others 98 Unknown 99 NIU (not in universe) Work: Industry Variables -- PERSON Education 11. Education attainment (for persons born in 1963 or earlier one of the education categories should be written in) ____</p> <div class="i1">Higher education completed<br />Higher education not completed - after general education<br />Higher education not completed - after vocational education<br />Post-secondary completed<br />Secondary education completed<br />Secondary education not completed<br />Basic vocational completed<br />Primary education completed<br />Primary education not completed<br />Self-education<br />Reading only<br />Neither writing nor reading</div> 41 <span class="em">Education attainment (for persons born in 1963 or earlier, one of the education categories listed in the footnote xxx should be written in) (Question 11) [p.55]</span> <br />1. For all the individuals aged 15 and over, so born in 1963 or earlier<span class="em">, the highest level of education completed shall be specified. </span>The surveyed individual shall be asked if he or she has obtained a document justifying graduation form a given school (graduation diploma, school completion diploma, certain number of classes completion diploma, etc.). While asking about the said diploma, the census enumerator shall not request it to be presented, unless the examined individual expresses the willingness to do so. <br />Night and part time schools shall be treated similarly to those typical ones. The case is similar with schools operating abroad. So-called "externs", who have taken an external school-leaving exam and passed it shall be also considered as graduates of such schools. <br />In general, courses shall not be taken into account while specifying education attainment. Only exception are those courses which are <span class="em">equivalents to obtaining a given education degree, for example:</span><div class="i1">- Tele-technical and telecommunication-related courses organized by the Postal Services and Telegraphy Ministry between 1950-1953, being equivalent to graduating from a high school,<br />- Remote agricultural courses, being equivalent to graduating from a vocational school,<br />- Courses for workers, being equivalent to graduating from a primary school.</div><p>In the interwar period, some schools offered so-called "courses" (for example: "Commercial Courses"). The course completion diplomas shall be considered to be equivalent to school diplomas. <br />2. While providing the answer to question 11, one of the terms provided at the bottom of page 2 of the A form shall be utilized, as they apply to the highest education level achieved. <br /><span class="em">"Higher education completed" </span> shall be written down for the individuals being in possession of a university graduation diploma, regardless whether engineer or master of arts title has been achieved by the said individuals. Both second and first level diplomas fall into this category, as for example engineer or economy specialist diplomas. <br /><span class="em">"Higher education not completed </span> after general education" or "Higher education not completed after vocational education" shall be written down for the individuals, who have been attending a university and successfully completed at least 2 years of education (four semesters), but have not completed the said school yet. Moreover, the individuals with high school "certificate of completion" also fall into this category. The title shall be based on the previously completed high school general or vocational one. <br />The said category does not concern individuals, who have started studying after graduating from post-secondary schools and those who have started tertiary education but have not managed to complete it. Such individuals fall into the "Post-secondary completed" category (see below). Individuals, who have started their tertiary education but have not completed two years of it, shall have the "Secondary education completed" annotation written down. <br />"Post-secondary completed" concerns individuals who have graduated from a <span class="em">post-secondary school</span>, for the attendance to which the school-leaving exam was needed up to 1972 and afterwards completion of a high school. Names of such schools might have changed throughout the consecutive years (however, no "upper" constituent has been used). Similar approach was used for both vocational and general study centers, for example "Study center for teachers". Those are also <span class="em">post-secondary schools </span>and shall not be referred to as universities or tertiary education units. <br />The "<span class="em">Post-secondary completed" </span>annotation shall be also written down for the individuals, who after graduating from such a unit have started tertiary education but have not managed to complete it, regardless of the number of finished semesters. <br /><span class="em">"Secondary education completed" </span>shall be written down for all the individuals who have managed to graduate from a high school (general or vocational one), regardless whether they have been awarded with a school-leaving diploma or a technician degree. <br /><span class="em">"Secondary education not completed" </span>shall be written down for the individuals, who have attended a high school after graduating from a primary school, and successfully completed at least two years of education there. The individuals who graduated from 4-year gymnasiums which operated in the thirties and shortly after the war, shall also fall into this category. <br />The said category does not include the individuals, who started secondary education after completing a basic vocational education. Those individuals (with no high school education completed, regardless of the number of successfully completed years) shall have the "Basic vocational completed" annotation written down (see below). The individuals , who have not completed two years of education in a high school and entered it after finishing a primary school shall have the "Primary education completed" annotation written down. <br /><span class="em">"Basic vocational completed" </span>shall be indicated for the individuals who have graduated from 2- or 3-year basic vocational school (basic agricultural school, basic vocational school, masters' school, industrial school, vocational gymnasium, etc.), as well as for the individuals who have attended a high school but have not completed it. <br /><span class="em">"Primary education completed" </span>shall be indicated for the individuals who have been awarded with a primary school completion diploma, common school completion diploma (before the war), and vocational courses completion diplomas. <br />Finishing primary education is equal to successfully completing the last year of education in such a unit, regardless of how many years of education there have been, as primary schools have been 7-, 8- ,and even in the past 4-year ones. <br /><span class="em">"Primary education not completed" </span>shall be indicated for the individuals who have been studying in a primary school, as well as for those, who have not completed primary education, regardless of the number of years of education finished. <br />For the individuals who have never attended any school (or have done so, but have not managed to finish even the first year of a primary school), shall have one of the following ascribed:</p> <div class="i1">- Self-education if they know how to read and write,<br />- Reading only, or<br />-Neither writing nor reading</div><p>Person who is capable of reading a newspaper shall be considered as those able to read. An individual who is capable of writing a letter (even without complying with grammatical rules) shall be considered as able to write. It shall be assumed that a person who can write can read as well (self-education). The ability of writing and reading may be in any language (reading and writing in Polish is not compulsory). <br />Individuals up to 15, so born between 1964-1978, shall have a straight line ("___") written down as an answer to question 11. Poland 1978: Persons age 15+ [discrepancies: type I trace; type II 0.3%] This variable indicates the person’s level of educational attainment. 1 Higher education completed 2 Higher education not completed and secondary education completed 3 Post-secondary completed and higher education after vocational education not completed 4 Basic vocational completed 5 Primary education completed 6 No education or some primary 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- PERSON Marital status 10. Marriage status (write in: single, or married, widower, widow, divorced) ____ 40 <span class="em">Marriage status (write in: single, or married, widower, widow, divorced) (Question 10) [p.54]</span> <br />1. In accordance with the pieces of information provided by the surveyed individual, write the following:</p> <div class="i1">[] "single"<br />[] "married"<br />[] "widower"<br />[] "widow"<br />[] "divorced"</div><p>2. Only if the said individual has certain doubts and asks the census enumerator for help, shall the said professional clarify that the factual marriage status rather than the legal and formal one shall be provided. Therefore:</p> <div class="i1">- Married individuals are those, who have entered into marriage, even if they are not formally married,<br />- Divorced individuals are those who no longer live with their partners, even if the formal divorce has not yet been granted to them.</div><p>3. <span class="em">Small children </span> <br />shall have "single" marriage status indicated. Poland 1978: All persons This variable indicates marital status. 1 Single 2 Married 3 Widow or widower 4 Divorced 9 Unknown Demographic Variables -- PERSON Residence status 3. Permanently living (whether or not a given person is present in dwelling at the census time), or temporarily staying (please encircle the relevant category)</p> <div class="i1">[] A Permanently living and present<br />[] B Permanently living but not present<br />[] C Temporarily living</div> 33 <span class="em">Permanently living (whether or not a given person is present in dwelling at the census time) or temporarily staying (please encircle the relevant category) (Question 3) [p.48]</span> <br />1. For every single representative of a given household, one of the three available options shall be encircled:</p> <div class="i1">A. Permanently living and present,<br />B. Permanently living but not present,<br />C. Temporarily living.</div> Poland 1978: All persons This variable indicates whether or not a given person is present in dwelling at the census time, or is staying in the dwelling temporarily. 1 Permanent 3 Permanently absent Migration: Global Variables -- PERSON Reason for absence 4. Please specify for person classified to the category B, or category C, cause of absence or of temporary staying ________ 34 <span class="em">Please specify for person classified to the category B, or category C, cause of absence or of temporary staying [p.50]</span> <br />1. The question concerns only the individuals, who have the "B. Permanently living but not present", or "C. Temporarily living" option selected in question 3. All the individuals, for whom the "A. Permanently living and present" option has been chosen shall have a straight line ("___") written down in question 4. <br />2. The reason of absence or temporary staying shall be specified by writing down such explanations as: "on holiday", "on leave", "visiting family", "in hospital" , "in sanatorium", "performing", "at a scientific conference", "taking part in a sports event", "on a business trip", "traineeship", etc. In such cases, no additional justification or explanation is needed. For example, the "on leave" and "on holiday" phrases may be used interchangeably. <br />3. Nevertheless, in the case of such answers as:</p> <div class="i1">- "studying in school",<br />- "studying at university",<br />- "professional work",<br />- "in a healthcare facility"</div><p>All have a specific meaning ascribed to them and shall be utilized only when a given person lives outside his or her place of permanent residence and:</p> <div class="i1">- Studies in a high or vocational school, studies at a university,<br />- Is engaged in professional work in a company or organization the seat of which is located outside the place of permanent stay (registration for permanent stay) of a given person for example, the surveyed individual left to work in a distant company, factory, or commutes to work every day, for example, to engage in woodcutting activities.<br />- Is engaged in supporting the Voluntary Work Association,<br />- Is in a healthcare facility, for example, in a child's house, vocational rehabilitation facility, pensioner's house, etc.</div><p>4. In other cases, the reason of absence or temporary stay shall be specified in such a manner not to make the reason of a longer absence doubtful (especially if it lasts over 2 months - see question 35). Therefore, such terms as "caring for an ill father" (instead of "visiting father" or "visiting family") or "in a hospital serious illness" (instead of "in hospital") shall be utilized. <br />5. Another important issue for the census enumerators is to specify the number of individuals staying abroad, regardless of the reason of their absence. Such individuals (living permanently but not present) shall have the "staying abroad" annotation written down (for example: "staying in a workplace abroad", "working abroad", "studying abroad", "on a trip abroad", etc.). Maritime fishermen shall have "maritime fishing" or "professional angling" terms written down in this question. Poland 1978: Persons permanently absent [discrepancies: type I 4.7%; type II none] This variable indicates the reason that the person enumerated is either absent or present in the household during the census period. 1 NIU (not in universe) 2 Absent for up to 2 months 3 Studying 4 Working 5 Being in healthcare facility 6 Other reasons 7 Abroad Migration: Global Variables -- PERSON Sex 8. Sex (please encircle respectively)</p> <div class="i1">[] 1 Male<br />[] 2 Female</div> 38 <span class="em">Sex (please encircle respectively: 1. M (male) or 2.? (female) (Question 8) [p.54]</span> <br />For boys (men), the 1.M option shall be encircled and for girls (women) 2. ?. Poland 1978: All persons This variable indicates the person's sex. 1 Male 2 Female Demographic Variables -- PERSON Year of birth 9. Year of birth (four-digit number) _ _ _ _ 39 <span class="em">Year of birth (four-digit number) (Question 9) [p.54]</span> <br />Year of birth shall be provided in the form of a four-digit number. Poland 1978: All persons This variable indicates the person's year of birth. 1878 Born in 1878 or earlier 1879 1879 1880 1880 1881 1881 1882 1882 1883 1883 1884 1884 1885 1885 1886 1886 1887 1887 1888 1888 1889 1889 1890 1890 1891 1891 1892 1892 1893 1893 1894 1894 1895 1895 1896 1896 1897 1897 1898 1898 1899 1899 1900 1900 1901 1901 1902 1902 1903 1903 1904 1904 1905 1905 1906 1906 1907 1907 1908 1908 1909 1909 1910 1910 1911 1911 1912 1912 1913 1913 1914 1914 1915 1915 1916 1916 1917 1917 1918 1918 1919 1919 1920 1920 1921 1921 1922 1922 1923 1923 1924 1924 1925 1925 1926 1926 1927 1927 1928 1928 1929 1929 1930 1930 1931 1931 1932 1932 1933 1933 1934 1934 1935 1935 1936 1936 1937 1937 1938 1938 1939 1939 1940 1940 1941 1941 1942 1942 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945 1946 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 9998 Unknown Demographic Variables -- PERSON Disability 14. Is he (she), for the reason of his (her) disability or disease, wholly or to a high degree limited in main activities relevant to his (her) age (professional activities, studies, household keeping, etc.; in the case of small children: playing games, etc.)?</p> <div class="i1">[] 0 Not<br />[] 1 Yes, wholly<br />[] 2 Yes, to a high degree</div> <span class="em">Main tasks relevant for the given age shall be understood as:</span> <br />a) <span class="em">For children in the pre-school age (0-6 year old) </span> ability to fully engage in all forms of entertainment and games, and in the case of the youngest children (those around 1 year old) ability to properly reply to both internal and external stimuli (crying, smiling, performing proper gestures, etc.) <br /><span class="em">Whole limitation </span> the said limitation level shall be indicated for severely disabled individual and for those with nervous system significantly damaged. Limitation to a high degree if the general health condition makes it impossible for the said individual to perform the abovementioned tasks. <br />b) <span class="em">Children in the school and pre-reproduction age </span>(7-17 year old) attending school in a normal manner and ability to take active part in all the lessons (excluding PE). <br /><span class="em">Whole limitation </span> the said level shall be indicated if the given individual is unable to attend any school, even a special one. <br /><span class="em">Limitation to a high degree </span> if the said individual attends special school (or class), special education facility (for example, for bling or mentally disabled children), as well as if he or she attends a traditional school, but due to acute disability or disease - he or she is unable to fully engage in the organized non-sport activities. <br /><span class="em">Note: In the case of some children with certain task performance limitations, especially in the case of those provided for by parents working in socialized agricultural companies, there is the 500 PLN family allowance provided. Such children shall be considered to be limited (wholly or to a high degree).</span> <br />c) <span class="em">Individuals in the production age (men 18-64 year old, women 18-59 year old) </span>professional work, managing the household by women (especially those above 25), attending a high school or a university. <br /><span class="em">Whole limitation </span>such inability shall be indicated if the said person is completely unable to perform the activities mentioned before or had to stop them due to the disability and now cannot return to performing the aforementioned tasks. <br /><span class="em">Limitation to a high degree </span>shall be understood as ability to perform certain basic tasks at the workplace that have always been executed as the part of the job, as well as capability to partially manage the household. This answer shall be also indicated if the surveyed individual has had to limit the time of performing the said activities (working part-time or having to take a leave), completely stop their performance by changing the scope of responsibilities (for example, by changing the workplace, changing a school for a special one, abandoning certain house chores, etc.), or take advantage of special tools and equipment making the execution of the said tasks notably easier. <br />d) <span class="em">Individuals in the post-production age (men 65 year old and more, women 60 year old and more) </span> ability to care about oneself by, for example, preparing basic meals, making shopping, cleaning the premises, taking a bath. <br /><span class="em">Whole limitation </span>shall be indicated for the individuals who, due to a severe illness or disability, had to abandon the performance of the abovementioned tasks or have to be constantly supervised by other individuals in order to make it possible for them to do so. <br /><span class="em">Limitation to a high degree </span>concerns the individuals who must be supervised or supported while executing certain of the abovementioned tasks, as well as those who had to abandon the performance of only some of the tasks enumerated above. Poland 1978: All persons This variable indicates whether the person is disabled, and the level of disability. 0 Not disabled 1 Disabled, entirely limited in main activities relevant to his (her) age 2 Disabled, partly limited in main activities relevant to his (her) age 9 Unknown Disability Variables -- PERSON Main source of income 16. Main source of maintenance (Encircle the relevant source).</p> <div class="i1">For persons maintained write in the number of his (her) breadwinner (i.e. number successive in enumerating persons in dwelling)<br /><br />[] A Maintenance from work<br />[] B Maintenance not from work<br />[] C Number of breadwinner ____</div> 70 <span class="em">Main source of incomes of households (Question II) [p. 97]</span> <br />1. For each household registered by means of page 2 and 3 of the A form, there is also the need to encircle one of nine symbols in this question in order to specify the main source of incomes. Information on households shall be provided in the same order as they have been registered using the form (and according with the numeration specified in question I) <br />2. Main source of incomes being one of nine provided in the table is the result of specifying all the sources of maintenance of household members, and afterwards summing them up and combining together. <br />If, in a given household:</p> <div class="i1">- Only one person has a source of income, for example due to being employed in a shipyard (which is the main source of maintenance ) then the "1. Work outside agriculture in socialized economy" shall be encircled.<br />- More than one individual has a source of maintenance but they all belong to the same group then the same symbol shall be encircled for all those individuals for example, for husband working in the harbor and wife in a retail shop.</div><p>In the aforementioned cases, the "1. Work outside agriculture in socialized economy" answer shall be encircled as it is the most suitable one. <br />Nevertheless, if the sources of income of the household belong to various groups, for example, the husband works in an agricultural holding (answer 6), wife is a teacher (answer 1), and there is also the allowance of father-in-law (answer 8), then the dominant source of income shall be specified and the proper answer shall be encircled. <br />The source of income of the head of household may not always be the dominant one. In some cases, the summed up incomes of other members may turn out to be notably higher and the said state of affairs may be properly presented in the form. <br />3. Below, the main categories of sources of income with explanations are provided:</p> <div class="i1">Symbol 1 Work outside agriculture in socialized economy shall be indicated for all the employees, home-workers, and commissioners, working in national, communal or state companies, workshops, and organizations.<br />Symbol 2 Work outside agriculture in non-socialized economy on own account shall be indicated for all the individuals obtaining income thanks to their work on their own account, for example, in their own companies, workshops, shops, stalls, as well as for tutors, lecturers, cab drivers, and or the representatives of the liberal professions, such as painters, writers, private practitioners, etc.<br />Symbol 3 Work outside agriculture in non-socialized economy employment shall be indicated for all the individuals working in non-agricultural companies owned by private owners or religious organizations.<br />Symbol 4 Work in agriculture in socialized economy in agricultural productive cooperative shall be indicated for all the individuals working in agricultural productive cooperatives or their branches, regardless of the type of employment.<br />Symbol 5 - Work in agriculture in socialized economy in State Farms, agricultural services, etc. shall be indicated for all the individuals employed in such socialized companies as: state farms and agricultural allotments, machine production companies, farmer associations, seed cleaning companies, storage centers, livestock breeding organizations, etc. The said answer shall be also indicated for the individuals employed by local authorities in the companies owned by them, so, for example: agricultural specialists, land developers, zoology technicians, etc.<br />Symbol 6 - Work in agriculture in non-socialized economy in own farm shall be indicated for all the individuals who work in their own agricultural allotment or agricultural holding (as well as in an orchard, garden), even if the farm is the part of a collective of individual farmers.<br />Symbol 7 - Work in agriculture in non-socialized economy employment shall be indicated for all the individuals who are employed by other entities to work on their agricultural allotments or agricultural holdings. It concerns private owners, communal agricultural holdings and holdings owned by religious organizations.<br />Symbol 8 Source other than work old age pension and other pensions shall be indicated for all the individuals obtaining pension or any other type of pension or allowance (family, disability, for exchanged agricultural holding, and other ones).<br />Symbol 9 Source other than work others shall be indicated for all the individuals which have a source of income not from work, but also not specified in answer 8, so for example: alimony, scholarship, welfare benefit, rent for leased dwelling etc.</div><p>4. If there are no individuals having a source of income in the household, so if all its representatives are supported by other persons (living somewhere else), then the answer to question II depends on the source of maintenance of main provider of the household. For example, if the household is supported by a farm owner, then the 6 symbol shall be encircled for the household. Poland 1978: All persons This variable indicates the main source of income of the person enumerated. 1 Economically active in the main source of maintenance 2 Economically active in the additional source of maintenance (with the non-earned main source of maintenance) 3 Having only non-earned source of maintenance 4 Being maintained by males who are economically active in the main source of maintenance 5 Being maintained by males who are economically active in the additional source of maintenance (with the non-earned main source of maintenance) 6 Being maintained by males who have only non-earned sources of maintences 7 Being maintained by females who are economically active in the main source of maintenance 8 Being maintained by females who are economically active in the additional source of maintenance (with the non-earned main source of maintenance) 9 Being maintained by females who have only non- earned sources of maintences Income Variables -- PERSON First type of employment (of person providing support) <span class="em">17 to 20 - Main employment</span> <br />[Questions 17-20 were asked of the respondent's main employment.]</p> <p>19. Type of employment ____</p> <div class="i1">(Please write in one of the types given)<br /><br />Employee<br />Commissioner (commission-merchant)<br />Home-worker<br />Member of productive cooperative<br />User of farm<br />Worker on own account<br />Aiding in work of ____ (write in the relevant successive number of person enumerated)<br />Clergyman</div> 52. <span class="em">Type of employment (please write in one of the types given in footnote xxxx) (Question 19) [p.71]</span> <br />1. Each of the surveyed individuals shall have a type of employment indicated, basing on the terms provided at the bottom of third page of the A form. <br />2. <span class="em">"Employee" </span>shall be indicated for all the individuals who are employed (hired) on the basis of an employment agreement, designation, or choosing and receive a set wage. <br />3. <span class="em">"Commissioner" or "Commission-worker"</span> shall be written down for:</p> <div class="i1">The individuals obtaining payment from a commission fund that is for those who have commission agreements concluded, in the case of which the wage depends of the amount of sold goods or provided services, for example: vendors in the "Ruch" kiosks, milk deliverers, cattle supervisors, etc.<br />The individuals working on the basis of flat-rate commission that is for those who are not employed by communal companies, but by a company with which the flat-rate commission agreement has been concluded for retail commerce, managing a gastronomy-related unit, etc.</div><p>4. <span class="em">"Home-worker" </span>shall be indicated for all the individuals processing given raw materials transforming them into ready-made products in their own houses. It shall be checked if they sell the goods on their own or send them back to the company hiring them. <br />5. <span class="em">"Member of productive cooperative" </span>shall be indicated for all the members of agricultural productive cooperatives. Commissioners employed in such cooperatives shall be referred to as "workers". <br />6. <span class="em">"User of farm" </span>shall be indicated for individuals, who: <br />- Manage their own agricultural holding, in agriculture, horticulture, etc. <br />- Are the members of collective agricultural allotments and work together with other countrymen or share machinery and equipment. <br />7. <span class="em">"Worker on own account" </span>shall be indicated for: <br />Individuals operating their own workshop, manufacture (for example, knitting, hairdressing), shop, stall ,etc.</p> <div class="i1">- Individuals who fish on their own account as professional anglers,<br />- Individuals who are engaged in private tutoring or lecturing,<br />- Individuals driving their own taxi, cab, hackney, etc.<br />- Individuals selling goods on their own account, also on the streets and by means of stalls,<br />- Individuals being the representatives of so-called independent professions, for example writers, musicians, artists, practitioners (working on own account). For practitioners specifying employment in communal healthcare, as their main source of maintenance shall have working on their own account specified as their second source of maintenance.</div><p>8. <span class="em">"Aiding in work of?" </span>shall be indicated for the individuals helping other members of the family in a regular basis and without set payment. Additionally, the number of the person being supported shall also be specified, for example: "Aiding in work of no. 01". <br />Nevertheless, if the said individual does not work without payment but there is a set wage for his or her support specified, then he or she shall not be considered a supported but a worker. <br />The fact of not receiving separate payment for the work in the same time points to the said supporting person being provided for by other members of the household and therefore, the supporters and the supported individuals shall be registered in the same household. <br />Therefore, a person who supports the family members without payment but lives in a different household shall not be considered a supporter but rather a hired worker, as he or she does not belong to the same household, the supported individual is the member of. <br />9. <span class="em">"Clergyman"</span> shall be indicated for priests and monks of all religions. Poland 1978: Present persons who are economically active or who are being maintaned with earned sources of income [discrepancies: type I trace, type II none] This variable indicates the first type of employment of the person who is providing economic support. 01 Employed in socialized economy 02 Employed in non-socialized economy 03 Commission worker 04 Cottage worker 05 Member of a productive cooperative 06 User of a farm 07 Self- employed 08 Aiding in the work of a family member 09 Clergyman 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- PERSON Occupation <span class="em">17 to 20 - Main employment</span> <br />[Questions 17-20 were asked of the respondent's main employment.]</p> <p>20. Write in the name of working post describing precisely type of performed activities or duties ____ 53 <span class="em">Write in the name of working post describing precisely type of performed activities or duties (Question 20) [p.73]</span> <br />1. The post shall be understood as the execution of tasks or performance of chores connected with the received payment or source of income. Therefore, executing managerial tasks (for example, being a head of a company, manager of a technical section, equipment supervisor), performing monitoring and inspection-related duties ( for example, being a commercial expert, financial control inspector, investment, coordinator), as well as performing executive works only, regardless whether they are office, technical ,physical, or service-related ones (accountant, designer, vendor, washer, hairdresser, gamekeeper, construction worker, etc.) are all considered to be posts. <br />2. For all the workers of communal companies, the name of the post specified in the employment agreement or proceeding documentation shall be written down. <br />The name of the post shall be in line with the auxiliary form, given to the census enumerator by the individuals working in communal companies. Nevertheless, due to the fact that the said form is filled In by the surveyed individuals themselves, the provided pieces of information shall not be transferred thoughtlessly. If the name seems to be too short, then the enumerator shall ask for the full name of the post. <br />3. While answering question 20, such general terms as "physical worker" , "railroad worker", "inspector", "manager", "official" shall not be used. In order for the descriptions to be correct, they must be accurate and detailed in character. <br />[The examples is omitted here] <br />4. While answering question 20 in the case of individuals working on managerial or non-physical positions , it shall be remembered not to equal the position with the learned profession.The aforementioned mainly refers to such terms as "lawyer", "engineer", "technician", "economist". It shall be checked whether the provided job description is accurate. <br />5. In the case of individuals working as foremen, the specificity of performed tasks shall be provided, for example "foreman ironworker", "foreman knitter", "foreman mechanic", etc. <br />6. If the person registered is unable to provide an accurate answer to the question concerning the post, then the description of the performed tasks shall be provided, for example: "fills jars with fruit and vegetable paste", "cleans ditches", "provides bricklayers with bricks", "greases machinery", etc. <br />7. Individuals, who are above 20 and undergo their traineeship shall have the name of the post that may be taken after finishing the training provided, for example:</p> <div class="i1">"Intern - Health and Safety Technician",<br />"Intern Norm Calculator",<br />"Intern Planner",<br />"Intern Mechanic", etc.</div><p>8. In the case of home-workers, the description of the post or the detailed pieces of information concerning the executed tasks shall be provided, for example:</p> <div class="i1">- Home-worker while knitting sweaters "knitter" , while making dresses "dressmaker", while making shoes "shoemaker", or: "assembles toys", "glues together parts of paper bags", "produces industrial nets", etc.<br />- Agent if the individual is responsible for managing and supervising the executed work only while managing a café "café manager" , while managing a petrol station "petrol station manager", etc.<br />- If the individual is also responsible for the execution of basic tasks, so while he or she prepares meals "chef", while he or she collects orders "waiter", while he or she is a vendor in a kiosk "vendor in a kiosk", etc.</div><p>9. Hired workers employed in agricultural holdings shall have their post performed within the scope of employment provided, for example : "car mechanic", "shoemaker" , "confectionery seller", "gardener" , "school worker", etc. <br />In the case of individuals working on their own account and the family members supporting them, the following answers shall be provided in question 20:</p> <div class="i1">- If the said individual is the owner of the workshop or company and is mainly responsible for managing and supervising the work, then he or she shall have "electro-magnetic workshop owner", "knitting workshop owner", "metalworking company owner", "upholstery manufacture owner", etc.<br />- Company or workshop owners who also engage in the performance of given tasks in their firms shall have such descriptions provided as: "electro-mechanic", "car ironworker", "dressmaker", "upholsterer", etc.</div><p>For the supporting family members, the description based on the factually performed tasks shall be provided, for example: if he or she performs ironworking-related tasks "ironworker", if he or she makes dresses "dressmaker", if he or she covers certain areas with varnish "refinisher". Poland 1978: Present persons who are economically active or who are being maintaned with earned sources of income [discrepancies: type I trace, type II none] This variable indicates the occupation of the person who is providing economic support. 001 Leaders of political parties and groups, central and regional administration, key cooperative organizations 002 Leaders of internal organizational units in central and regional administration, as well as in key cooperative organizations 003 Directors of associations and units alike, both national and cooperative 004 Leaders of internal organizational units in primary associations and units alike, both national and cooperative 005 Directors (chairmen) of combinats, companies, factories, construction firms, and urban economy units 006 Directors (managers) of offices and workshops having equal status to construction-oriented and technological enterprises 007 Managers of factories, manufactories, and branches being parts of combinats (companies and cooperatives) 008 Managers of internal organizational units in primary companies, factories, construction firms, and urban economy units 009 Directors (managers) of combinats, companies, agricultural establishments, production cooperatives, and group farms 010 Directors (managers) of companies and agriculture servicing establishments, machinery centers, and agricultural stations 011 Managers of veterinary establishments and managers alike 012 Managers of internal organizational units in primary agricultural companies and factories, as well as in horticulture and breeding-oriented establishments 013 Directors of local state forest, national park, and nature reserve boards, chief foresters 014 Managers of internal organizational units in primary forestry-related companies, establishments, and offices 015 Directors of local and regional Polish State Railways units, as well as automobile, airway, waterway, inland, and maritime transportation firms 016 Directors and heads of branches, boards, non-directional offices and transportation-oriented units alike 017 Managers (heads, leaders, captains) of executive and auxiliary units in transportation 018 Directors (managers) of radio and TV stations, as well as units alike 019 Directors (heads) of postal and telecommunication-oriented offices, telecommunication-related supervisory managers 020 Managers of internal organizational units in primary transportation and communication-oriented establishments 021 Directors (managers) of companies and industry-related offices in international commerce, exchange, and units alike 022 Directors (presidents) of national and cooperative internal commerce companies and department stores 023 Managers of wholesale stores, storage areas, agencies, sub-wholesale stores, warehouses, and establishments alike 024 Managers of shops and other retail commerce-oriented establishments 025 Managers of restaurants, bars, buffets, cantinas, and establishments alike 026 Managers of internal organizational units in primary international and national commerce, as well as in gastronomy 027 Rectors, deans, directors of educational units, academic secretaries 028 Supervisors of professional chairs, offices, workshops, and laboratories in tertiary education units and research facilities 029 Principals (except of those of tertiary education units), managers of vocational education units 030 Principals (managers) of special educational units, dormitories, hostels, and clubrooms 031 Managers of internal organizational units in primary and secondary education 032 Directors (managers) of theaters, operas, philharmonics, ballet centers, operettas, revues, circuses 033 Directors (managers) of libraries, archives, reading rooms, as well as technical and educational information centers 034 Directors of museums, artistic exhibitions, monument protection institutions, art protection institutions 035 Directors (managers) of film studios, movie distribution institutions, and units alike 036 Directors (managers) of culture centers, clubs for adults, cinemas, and units alike 037 Directors (managers) of radio and TV editing units 038 Directors (chairs) of publishing houses, editors-in-chief, and directors alike 039 Managers of internal organizational units in primary culture and arts institutions 040 Directors of healthcare units, clinics, general and specialized hospitals, as well as health resorts 041 Directors (managers) of outpatient clinics, blood donation centers, emergency ambulance services, health centers, heads of hospitals 042 Divisional nurses, matrons, ward nurses 043 Managers of drug stores and units alike 044 Directors of central sanitary and epidemiological units, sanitary centers, and units alike 045 Directors of social welfare units and establishment, managers of preventive treatment centers, small children houses, and nurseries 046 Managers of internal organizational units in primary sanitary and epidemiological units, blood donation centers, and dissecting rooms 047 Heads and directors (managers) of physical education, sports, and recreation promotion units 048 Directors (managers) of hotels, holiday resorts, artists retreats 049 Managers of internal organizational units in primary physical education, tourism, and recreation units 050 Chairs and vice-chairs of courts, labor and social security courts, local arbitration commissions, local and regional prosecutors 051 Managers of notarial offices, lawyer associations, and units alike 052 Managers of internal organizational units in judiciary establishments 053 Directors (chairs, managers) of banks and their branches, as well as insurance offices and inspectorates 054 Managers of internal organizational units in primary financial and insurance-related establishments 055 Directors (managers) of IT companies and centers 056 Managers of internal organizational units in primary mechanical and automatic data processing establishments 057 Managers of units not classified in other groups 058 Economic, supply and sales deputy heads (deputy managers) 059 Human resources deputy heads (deputy managers) 060 Administrative deputy heads (deputy managers) 061 Main accountants 062 Managers of internal organizational units: technical, investment, energetics, renovation, conservation, and work safety 063 Managers of internal organizational units: economic, organizational and legal, supply and sales, financial and accounting, as well as work organization 064 Managers of internal organizational units in employment servicing 065 Managers of internal organizational units in administration and economy, storage management, transportation, and office management 066 Masters 067 Managers of public servicing companies (departments) 068 Commanding officers, inspectors, commissioners, and sub-commissioners of industrial, forestry, and railroad firefighting units 069 Firefighting establishments commanding officers and individuals alike 070 Commanders, chiefs of Staff, and commissioners of self-defense units and units alike 071 Political and social activities professionals 072 Consular technical, economic, commercial attaches and individuals alike 073 Experts, consular agents, and individuals alike 074 Advisors and councilors of secretaries, chairs, leaders in ministries, and central offices 075 Experts, councilors, inspectors, and individuals alike in ministries, central offices, and chief cooperative associations 076 Provincial, municipal, local, and regional inspectors 077 Builders, technologists, urban planners, architects, designers, and individuals alike 078 Technical experts (mechanics, electricians, electronic engineers, metal processing experts, power engineers) 079 Supervisors (technical, constructional, production, etc.), investment advisers, coordinators of rescue operations 080 Technicians and lab assistants 081 Quality control inspectors, technical control experts, and individuals alike 082 Company, shift, mining dispatchers and individuals alike (except transportation dispatchers) 083 Work safety instructors, inspectors, and appraisers 084 Work control experts and individuals alike 085 Inspectors, rationalization inspectors, technical development advisors, patent experts, and individuals alike 086 Draftsmen, drawers, and individuals alike 087 Agronomists, mechanization advisers, specialists in agricultural reclamation, plantation instructors, plant protection advisors, zoo technicians 088 Veterinarians 089 Veterinary technicians, inspectors, controllers, and individuals alike 090 Chief foresters, foresters, forestry adjuncts, and individuals alike 091 Inspectors and other forestry experts 092 Traffic orderly in railroad transportation 093 Dispatchers in railroad, automobile, airway and waterway transportation 094 Inspectors, controllers, auditors, and individuals alike in railroad, automobile, airway and waterway transportation 095 Railroad assessors, national railroads adjuncts, train drivers, and individuals alike 096 Pilots, on-board mechanics, airway navigators, and individuals alike 097 Merchant navy and maritime fishing officers, harbor, maritime, and dockyard pilots 098 Postal offices, telecommunication units, as well as radio communication data forwarding dispatchers, auditors, inspectors, and individuals alike 099 Supply and sales, exchange, as well as market analysis inspectors and instructors 100 Technologists, general nutrition instructors, and individuals alike 101 Professors, associate professors, docents (not serving any managerial roles) 102 Adjuncts, assistants, lecturers, lectors, and individuals alike 103 Auditors, general and vocational schooling inspectors, pedagogics and education inspectors, as well as individuals alike 104 Teachers (except academic tutors), training course lecturers 105 Teachers in kindergartens, educators in educational care facilities, correctional units, and hostels 106 Vocational, training, practical education and driving instructors, as well as individuals alike 107 Directors, set adjusters, choreographers, musical directors, literary advisors, conductors 108 Actors, singers, dancers, musicians, whisperers, announcers, their assistants, and individuals alike 109 Circus performers, magicians, and individuals alike 110 Organizers and realizers of events and audience, stagehands, disc jockeys, and individuals alike 111 Visual artists, graphics, painters, decorators, prop managers, sketcher, and individuals alike 112 Custodians library, archives and museum adjuncts, librarians, documentation experts 113 Artistic exhibition, as well as culture and education inspectors and instructors, individuals alike 114 Emission inspectors, production workers, RTV program editor, movie, sound, camera, and image production workers 115 Journalists, redactors, speakers, commentators, lectors, press correspondents, photojournalists 116 Writers and individual alike 117 Consecutive, text, and sworn translators 118 Practitioners (senior assistants, assistants, junior assistants) and trainees 119 Dentists (senior assistants, assistants, junior assistants) 120 Pharmacists (senior assistants, assistants, junior assistants) 121 Medical certification, pharmaceutical, sanitary and epidemiology inspectors, hygiene instructors, and individuals alike 122 Military surgeons, nurses, midwives, caretakers, hygienists, masseurs, and individuals alike 123 Medical, dentistry, pharmaceutical, apothecary, and orthopedic technicians, lab assistants, nutritionists 124 Tourism instructors, tour guides, coaches, movement-based rehabilitation instructors 125 Receptionists, dispatchers, booking supervisors, floor managers in hotels 126 Judges, assessors, legal apprentices, court auditors 127 Prosecutors, vice-prosecutors, sub-prosecutors, prosecution assessors, prosecution apprentices 128 Notaries, notary assessors and apprentices, notary auditors, and individuals alike 129 Lawyers, law firm apprentices, legal advisors, arbitration experts, arbitration auditors 130 Bailiffs and professional probation officers 131 Accountants, controllers, inspectors, instructors, auditors 132 Bank branch treasurers and individuals alike, financing and accounting experts, material insurance professionals 133 Analysts, data processing system engineers, compilation controllers 134 Protectants, programmers and individuals alike in mechanical and automatic data processing 135 Organization and management experts, as well as individuals alike 136 Economy, planning, and statistics experts, as well as individuals alike 137 Administration and materials management experts, as well as individuals alike 138 Employment, salaries, human resources, training, social, and personal development experts 139 Sociologists and psychologists 140 General inspectors, railroad protection, industry, forestry, and defense officers and inspectors 141 Inspectors, evaluators, fire protection officers, and individuals alike 142 Customs officials 143 Not specified experts 144 Technical, production, organization, work control, work safety, investment, and transportation reporters 145 Administration, archiving, culture and education, printing, and publishing reporters, as well as individuals alike 146 Finance, accounting, material insurances, social, commercial, commerce and sales reporters 147 Planning, economy, management, statistics, employment, salary, human resources, and social management reporters 148 Operators of electronic data processing and calculating or analyzing devices, input and output controllers 149 Secretaries, stenographers, registrants, scribes, cart index managers, office correspondents, and individuals alike 150 Invoicing managers, actuaries, accounting and invoicing machines operators, as well as individuals alike 151 Cashiers, post office assistants, calculators, liquidators, collectors, treasurers, paymasters 152 Building administrators, intendants, chief stewards, and individuals alike 153 Shipping agents, warehousemen, goods dispatchers, and individuals alike 154 Unspecified technical position 155 Miners, mining drillers, quarrymen, and individuals alike 156 Engine drivers, mining machinery operators, and individuals alike 157 Oil and gas extraction machinery operators and individuals alike 158 Mining experts not classified in other groups 159 Pipe formers and individuals alike 160 Formers, core makers, casters, founders, and individuals alike 161 Metal hardeners, blacksmiths, and individuals alike 162 Fritting experts, ore smelters, and individuals alike 163 Metal production experts not classified in other groups 164 Panel beaters, tracers, benders, coppersmiths, and individuals alike 165 Slotting machine operators, milling machine operators, grinders, metal polishers, drillers, and individuals alike 166 Welders, brazing experts, riveters 167 Galvanizers, metal coaters, metal processors, varnish appliers, and individuals alike 168 Turners and individuals alike 169 Metal processing experts not classified in other groups 170 Fixed machinery operators and individuals alike 171 Machinery and device mechanics (except precision machinery), repairmen, and machine adjusters 172 Machinery and device assemblers (except precision machinery) 173 Machine and device operators in metal production and individuals alike 174 Stokers, greasers, and individuals alike 175 Precision mechanics and assemblers, opticians, and individuals alike 176 Jewelers, goldsmiths, gemstone and semi-gem polishers, metal formers 177 Electro power engineers (except fixed machinery) 178 Electro mechanics and electro assemblers of apparatuses, installations, and electric or electronic devices 179 Electro assemblers and assemblers of power and telecommunication lines 180 Machinery installations, apparatuses, and devices assemblers, machine and device operators in electric and technical production 181 Tele-transmission, telecommunication, and tele-commutation devices assemblers 182 Chemical processes operators, chemical fibers production operators, and individuals alike 183 Paper, rubber, and plastics production experts 184 Machine and device operators in cellulose and paper production 185 Stokers and coppersmiths in chemical production and individuals alike 186 Chemical production and alike experts not classified in other groups 187 Construction materials, ceramics, and glass production operators (operators, hardeners, dryers, stokers) 188 Ceramic, gypsum, silicate, and glass product formers, modelers, ceramic product casters 189 Glass and ceramics decorators, painters, and individuals alike 190 Machine and device operators in production of construction materials and fireproof products 191 Workers in production of construction materials, glass, and ceramics not specified in other groups 192 Coopers, carpenters, cartwrights, shipwrights 193 Machine and device operators in wood, cork, and match products processing, as well as individuals alike 194 Jointers and individuals alike 195 Turners, frasiers, tracers, wood polishers, modelers, and individuals alike 196 Basket and rim makers, as well as individuals alike 197 Workers in wood processing and production not specified in other groups 198 Fabric preparation experts, yarn makers, yarn ordering workers, and individuals alike 199 Weaving machinery operators, weavers, warping experts, knitters, and individuals alike 200 Bleachers, dyers, fabric finishers, and individuals alike 201 Workers in fabric production not specified in other groups 202 Tailors, cutters, and individuals alike 203 Furriers 204 Hatters and milliners 205 Underwear makers and individuals alike 206 Embroiderers, basket workers, tassel makers, and individuals alike 207 Upholsterers and individuals alike 208 Workers in clothing production not specified in other groups 209 Tanners, tanning machinery operators and individuals alike 210 Shoemakers and individuals alike (shank makers, shoemakers, shoemaking machinery operators) 211 Purse makers and saddlers 212 Workers in haberdashery, leather, and materials alike production not specified in other groups 213 Sugar production operators and individuals alike 214 Machine and device operators in production of potato, dextrose, and starch production, as well as individuals alike 215 Alcoholic beverages, beer, and wine production operators, brewers, and individuals alike 216 Machine and device operators in production of canned, smoked, and salted products, as well as individuals alike 217 Machine and device operators in production of processed meat, butchers, as well as individuals alike 218 Machine and device operators in production of egg and meat-based products, quality controllers, as well as individuals alike 219 Milk, butter, and whey production operators, as well as individuals alike 220 Fruit and vegetable production operators, pressure controllers, separators, as well as individuals alike 221 Machine and device operators in production of processed dairy products, millers, granary supervisors, as well as individuals alike 222 Machine and device operators in production of baked products, bakers, as well as individuals alike 223 Machine and device operators in production of sweets, chocolate and caramel makers, as well as individuals alike 224 Machine and device operators in production of tobacco-based products, as well as individuals alike 225 Machine and device operators in product utilization, fodder production, aggregate supervisors, as well as individuals alike 226 Workers in food processing not specified in other groups 227 Printing machinery operators, aligners, printing works devices operators, printing casters, and individuals alike 228 Bunglers, reproduction printing forms assemblers, retouching experts, engravers, and individuals alike 229 Bookbinders, paper and plastics products preparation experts, as well as individuals alike 230 Luthiers, assemblers, and musical instrument tuners 231 Device operators in liquid products distribution, loaders, labelers, and sorters 232 Operators of cranes and guides 233 Operators of lifts and individuals alike 234 Operators of transshipment devices in docks, dockers, and individuals alike 235 Operators of loading, unloading, and sorting machines (forklift operators) 236 Concrete workers, bricklayers, assemblers, roofers, plasterers, sorters, tile-stove setters, and individuals alike 237 Glazers and individuals alike 238 Painters and individuals alike 239 Tillers and individuals alike 240 Masons and individuals alike 241 Pavers and individuals alike 242 Track layers and individuals alike 243 Dam makers, sod removers, pipeline assemblers, caisson workers, pile drivers, and individuals alike 244 Construction workers not specified in other groups 245 Machine and device operators in road works, ground works, track laying, and individuals alike 246 Steel and reinforced concrete constructions assemblers, as well as individuals alike 247 Pipeline assemblers and individuals alike 248 Farmers (individual ones) 249 Farm supporters 250 Gardeners and individuals alike 251 Animal breeders and individuals alike 252 Agricultural and horticultural machinery and device operators 253 Anglers (inland and maritime ones) 254 Agricultural workers not specified in other groups 255 Machine and device operators in peat removal and processing, as well as individuals alike 256 Operators of machinery and mechanic forestry devices, lumberjacks, raftsmen, log rollers, and individuals alike 257 Workers in forest cultivation, protection, and exploitation 258 Train drivers, traction vehicles drivers, train stokers, and individuals alike 259 Train conductors 260 Shunters, train adjusters, compartment auditors, and individuals alike 261 Motor vehicle drivers (tramways, trolleys) 262 Automobile drivers (cars, tractors) 263 Conductors in road transport, ticket inspectors 264 Electric and machinery experts 265 On-board sailors 266 Typists, tele-typists, and office devices operators 267 Telephonists, telegraphers, radio-telephonists, and radio-telegraphers 268 Postmen, post forwarders 269 Salesmen 270 Clerks in servicing points and individuals alike 271 Nurse assistants, paramedics, fango preparation experts, general preparation experts, disinfection experts 272 Orthopedists 273 Waiters, barmaids 274 Cook 275 Hairdressers, beauticians, make-up artists, and individuals alike 276 Photographers, bunglers, photo bunglers, photography lab assistants, and individuals alike 277 Lauders, ironers, dyers, paint makers, and individuals alike 278 Lab assistants, sample collectors 279 Firefighters 280 Non-commissioned guard officers, guardians 281 Plastic, horn, bone, metal haberdashery manufacturers, toy makers, umbrella makers 282 Wardrobe supervisors, models, theater repellents, set assemblers, gunsmiths, armorers 283 Janitors, runners, porters, lift operators, clockers, house supervisors, and individuals alike 284 Transportation, loading, and unloading workers, red-caps, escorts, warehouse workers 285 Ash removers, grates, track markers, chimneysweepers, and individuals alike 286 Cleaners, sweepers, waste removers, household workers, dish washers, fruit and vegetable peelers 287 Unspecified physical work-related positions 288 Clergymen 999 NIU (not in universe) Work: Occupation Variables -- PERSON Second type of employment (of person or secondary person providing support) <span class="em">21 and 22 - Second employment</span> <br />[Questions 21 and 22 were asked of the respondent's secondary employment.]</p> <p>22. Type of employment</p> <div class="i1">(Please write in one of the types given in footnote)<br /><br />Employee<br />Commissioner (commission-merchant)<br />Home-worker<br />Member of productive cooperative<br />User of farm<br />Worker on own account<br />Aiding in work of ____ (write in the relevant successive number of person enumerated)<br />Clergyman</div> 54 <span class="em">Second employment (Questions 21 and 22) [p.76]</span> <br />1. In the case of individuals having two sources of maintenance, according to 46 point 2, the work which takes less time shall be specified as second employment in questions 21 and 22. <br />2. In question 21, the name of working establishment shall be provided while complying with the regulations specified in 48 and 51. <br />3. In question 22, the type of employment shall be provided while complying with the regulations specified in 52 of this guidebook. <br />4. Census enumerator shall approach the following situations with proper care:</p> <div class="i1">1) Combination of two sources of maintenance is most frequent in the case of individuals being the representatives of agricultural households. They are frequently employed in various branches of industry, such as construction, communication, etc., as well as the perform their tasks while managing the agricultural holding. Therefore, various levels of engagement in the performed tasks may be observed both in the case of the owner of the holding and his or her family members. Such issues are rather complex but shall be settled down in an equivocal manner. The following indications shall be taken into account in such situation:</div><div class="i2">a) Any kind of work outside agriculture is often performed on a full-time basis. While additionally considering commutation, then it must be stated that such work takes more time. Then, work in agriculture shall be considered to be second employment.<br />b) Working outside agriculture may also result in minimal engagement in the management of the agricultural holding (less than 2 months spent on such activities, see: question 58, point on page 83). Then, working in agriculture shall not be considered to be a source of maintenance at all.<br />c) If the owner of the holding also works outside agriculture on full-time basis, then managing the agricultural holding shall be considered to be his second employment. However, a problem arises as in such a case it is difficult to specify whether the individual shall be treated as a holding owner (Question 22), if, for example, one of his or her family members (wife) works in the said holding on full-time basis. The issue shall be settled down with the members of the household. If the supporting person spends more time managing the holding (wife), then the said person shall be considered to be a holding owner, and the lawful owner shall be then considered to be only a supporting party. In this case, the time spent and engagement in the work shall not only relate to physical effort but also to all the undertakings that must be executed in order to manage the holding properly.</div><div class="i1">2) Owners of agricultural holding frequently receive additional income for providing transportation-related services (for example, transporting wood from the forest, milk from the creamery, as well as in the case of near-urban areas, transporting bricks, debris, snow, etc.) or executing agricultural tasks in other holdings while in the same time utilizing their own equipment. Such type of work, even it has been seasonal in character and has lasted no longer than 3 months in a year, shall be classified as second employment (goods transporters shall have "transporter" written down in question 21 and in question 22 "works on his own account" or "supports no. ?). In some specific cases, the said tasks make take more time than managing own agricultural holding of such an individual. Then they must be included as main employment, and management of the individual agricultural holding shall be classified as second employment.</div><div class="i1">3) Village mayors are frequently individual farmers. Due to the fact that some task performed by them are connected with receiving income, they shall be treated as sources of maintenance. Nevertheless, as performance of such tasks takes less time than managing the individual agricultural holding, the former shall be classified as second employment (such individuals shall have "village mayor" written down in question 21 and in question 22 "commissioner"). If the given person is only the village mayor, then his work shall be considered to be the major employment.</div> Poland 1978: Present persons with second employment who are economically active or who are being maintaned with an earned source of income [discrepancies: unverifiable] This variable indicates the second type of employment of the person who is providing economic support. 01 Employed in socialized economy 02 Employed in non-socialized economy 03 Commissioner 04 Homeworker 05 Member of a productive cooperative 06 User of a farm 07 Self-employed 08 Helping a farm user 09 Helping a self-employed person 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- PERSON Type of non-commercial sources of income (of person providing support) <span class="em">23 and 24 - Maintenance not from work</span> <br />[Questions 23 and 24 were asked of any financial support not from work the respondent has.]</p> <p>23. Type of such maintenance (e.g. old age or disability pension, scholarship, etc.) ____ 56 <span class="em">Maintenance not from work (Questions 23 and 24) [p.79]</span> <br />1. The following shall be considered to have a source of maintenance not from work:</p> <div class="i1">- Pensioners and annuitants (with disability, illness, or family allowance, allowances for transferred agricultural holding, etc.)<br />- Individuals staying in healthcare facilities,<br />- Receiving alimony from their ex-partners or children (due to a court judgment or of their own will),<br />- Individuals receiving scholarships (school and university students),<br />- Students of, among others, basic vocational schools, who receive additional payment for their education,<br />- Individuals receiving welfare allowances,<br />- People generating income by leasing a part of their agricultural holding, house, or provided with support from abroad,<br />- Fortunetellers, beggars, etc.</div><p>2. Such individuals shall have the type of income not from work provided in question 23, for example: "pension" , "disability allowance", "family pension" (for widows, orphans, etc.), etc. <br />Note: It is not allowed to write in the "allowance" term alone, as the type of allowance must be provided as well.</p> <div class="i1">- "supported by child's home", "supported by a welfare facility",<br />- "alimony",<br />- "scholarship", "education payment",<br />- "house leasing",<br />- "monk" ("nun"),</div><p>3. There are certain types of allowances (for example family benefit) or alimonies that are provided to single mother by the government. For the purpose of the census, they shall be understood as sources of maintenance of mother, not of the child. In such a case, children shall be considered as supported by their mothers and the latter shall have the source of maintenance not from work specified. Child shall be considered to be directly supported by alimony or family benefit only if he or she is registered outside the family house and stays, for example, in a dormitory or hostel. <br />4. All the individuals, who have had an answer to question 23 provided shall also have their social group indicated in question 24 in accordance with the following classification:</p> <div class="i1">- "Physical employee",<br />- "White collar employee",<br />- "Commissioner (commission-worker)"<br />- "Home-worker"<br />- "Member of productive cooperative"<br />- "User of farm"<br />- "Worker on own account"<br />- "Clergyman"</div><p>The classification is almost similar to the one provided for the individuals answering question 19 or 22, with the main difference being the division between "Physical employee" and "White collar employee". <br />5. In the case of pensioners and individuals receiving benefits, the social group they have belonged to while they have been working shall be specified and provided <br />6. Individuals, who receive scholarship and allowances, but they have recently worked, shall have the social group in accordance with the specificity of the last job specified. In the case of individuals, who have never worked, the social group of the family member supporting such individuals shall be specified, for example for a person receiving scholarship social group of the father, for a widow the social group of late husband, etc.) <br />7. Working individuals, who also have a maintenance not from work:</p> <div class="i1">- In the form of pension or disability benefit (when disability is connected with the effects of previously performed job) shall have the social group they have belonged to before they have started obtaining pension or benefit provided.<br />- In the form of family benefit, alimony, payment for leased house shall have the social group based on the currently performed work provided (as for individuals answering question 19, but with the necessity to remember about the division between physical and white collar employees).</div> Poland 1978: Present persons who are economically active or who are being maintained with an additional or non-earned income source [discrepancies: type I 0.2%; type II none] This variable indicates the type of non- commercial sources of income, if any, that the person providing support receives. 01 Pension 02 Allowance for transferred agricultural holding 03 Disability allowance 04 Sickness allowance 05 Family allowance 06 Healthcare facility 07 Welfare allowance 08 Scholarship 09 Alimony 10 Order 11 Other sources of maintenance not from work 99 NIU (not in universe) Income Variables -- PERSON Position in the family 7. Relation to the head of household (please write in respectively: head of household, wife or husband, son, daughter, grandson, father, etc.) ____</p> <div class="i1">For head of household is considered household member contributing mainly to defraying the cost of household keeping.</div> 37 <span class="em">Relation to the head of household (please write in respectively: head of household, wife or husband, son, daughter, grandson, father, etc.) (Question 7) [p.52]</span> <br />1. For a person, who, in accordance with the rules set forth in 31, has been considered to be head of household, the <span class="em">"head of household" title shall be written down in question 7</span>. The same title shall be written down for the individuals creating single-person households. <br />2. For all other representatives of a given household, the relation to the head of household shall be specified by writing in respectively: "husband" ("wife"), "son", "daughter", "stepson", "stepdaughter", "father", "mother-in-law", "brother", "grandson", "granddaughter", "aunt", or "distant relative" if there is no possibility of specifying the kinship. A person, who is not related to the head of household but is considered to be a member of the household due to the provided financial support, shall have the "not related to the head of household" answer written down, or, in abbreviation "n. related". <br />It must be taken account that such levels of relation to the head of household as "tenant", "subtenant", or "co-tenant" cannot be used while specifying the kinship. They are members of their respective household and should be considered "head of households" in the social units they are members of. <br />3. The principles of closest kinship shall apply while identifying relation to the head of household, so, in the first place such individuals as husband or wife, children or parents, etc. Individuals in a relationship having children who are not engaged shall be registered next to one another. However, if there has been a mistake, due to which it is impossible to keep the proper order, the annotation shall not be corrected, nor shall be a new form used. It is enough to justify the relation in a comprehensible manner (for example, "Janek's wife", "grandson, Czeslaw's son"). <br />4. If there are certain individuals living in a dwelling but not supporting the household financially (such a case is discussed in question 31, point 5 on page 47), such individuals shall be classified with proper terms and titles, such as: "help", "apprentice", "agricultural worker", "student", "hired worker". <br />It should be remembered that the above concerns only single individuals. If a help lives in a given dwelling together with his or her child, then they create a separate household ("head of household" and "daughter" or "son"). Such individuals may be both permanent and temporal inhabitants (typically staying in a dwelling for over 2 months). <br />5. If in a given dwelling there are also other individuals staying there in a temporary manner, then they shall be registered as follows:</p> <div class="i1">a) If the duration of the stay has been specified as lasting up to 2 months and if they are related to the head of household the relation shall be specified similarly to other inhabitants or, if there is no kinship, they should be classified as "guests".<br />b) If the duration of the stay has been specified as lasting over 2 months it should be specified whether or not the said individuals support the household financially. Afterwards, the division into household shall be made in the same manner as for permanent inhabitants.</div> Poland 1978: All persons This variable indicates the person's position in the family. 01 Husband 02 Wife 03 Single mother or single father 04 Child 05 Related to someone of the older generation in the household 06 Other household members 07 People in non-family households and special households 08 Persons who are not family members of collective households 09 Permanently absent spouse 10 Permanently absent child 11 Permanently absent other person Other Person Variables -- PERSON Family type, head of household specified Poland 1978: Present persons with family position husband, wife, parent alone, or child [discrepancies: type I none; type II 0.2%] This variable indicates the family type, with the head of the household specified. 01 Married couple without children, a husband 02 Married couple without children, a wife 03 Married couple with children, a husband 04 Married couple with children, a wife 05 Married couple with children, a child 06 Mother with children, a mother 07 Mother with children, a child 08 Father with children, a father 09 Father with children, a child 10 Oldest sibling 11 Other sibling 98 Unknown 99 NIU (not in universe) Other Person Variables -- PERSON Number of children in the family (regardless of age) Poland 1978: Present persons in family position husband, wife, parent alone, or oldest sibling [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates the number of children in the family, regardless of the age of the child. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSON Subfamily number Poland 1978: Present persons with family position husband, wife, parent alone, or child [discrepancies: type I none; type II 0.2%] This variable indicates the person's subfamily number. 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Other Person Variables -- PERSON