Welfare Monitoring Survey Round IV, 2025
Monitoring Food Insecurity, Displacement, Employment, Education, and Health

Sudan, 2025

Get Microdata

Reference ID

SDN_2025_WMS-R4_v01_M

DOI

https://doi.org/10.48529/m17p-7610

Producer(s)

Franck M. Adoho, Tom Bundervoet

Collection(s)

Fragility, Conflict and Violence

Metadata

Documentation in PDF DDI/XML JSON

Created on

Nov 11, 2025

Last modified

Nov 11, 2025

Page views

23914

Downloads

308

Identification

Survey ID number

SDN_2025_WMS-R4_v01_M

Title

Welfare Monitoring Survey Round IV, 2025

Subtitle

Monitoring Food Insecurity, Displacement, Employment, Education, and Health

Abbreviation or Acronym

SWMS R4 2025

Country/Economy

Name	Country code
Sudan	SDN

Study type

Other Household Survey [hh/oth]

Series Information

This survey represents the fourth round of a series of mobile phone surveys

Abstract

Household living conditions in Sudan are changing rapidly, underscoring the need for timely and consistent monitoring. In response, the World Bank conducted the fourth round of its welfare survey between May and July 2025, just two months after the third round. This round expands coverage to include the refugee population and focuses on five key themes: food insecurity, displacement, employment, education, and health. The survey is based on a probability sample of 3,129 respondents across 18 states, along with a dedicated sample of 1,112 refugee households.

Kind of Data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Unit of Analysis

-Household -Individual

Version

Version Description

V01: Edited, anonymized dataset for public distribution.

Version Date

2025-07-28

Coverage

Geographic Coverage

National (all 18 states).

Producers and sponsors

Primary investigators

Name	Affiliation
Franck M. Adoho	World Bank
Tom Bundervoet	World Bank

Producers

Name	Affiliation	Role
Romeo J Gansey	World Bank	Survey design and data analysis

Funding Agency/Sponsor

Name	Abbreviation	Role
The World Bank	WB	Funder
Joint Data Center	JDC	Funder (refugee sample)

Sampling

Sampling Procedure

The fourth round of the Sudan Welfare Monitoring Survey is based on a probability sample of adult Sudanese (aged 18 and above) with access to mobile phones, covering all 18 states. It also includes a dedicated sample of adult refugees, primarily residing in camps. Sudanese respondents were selected through a one-stage random sampling process from a frame of 45,000 phone numbers provided by the implementation partner, supplemented by approximately 1,000 numbers collected during household listings and focus group discussions.
For the refugee population, the sampling frame was constructed using updated household listings from major camps in Kassala and White Nile states. To reach the target sample size, these listings were supplemented with random digit dialing (RDD). Refugee respondents were then selected through a one-stage random sampling process from this combined frame.
To maximize response rates, the implementation partner made up to seven call attempts per number when initial contact was unsuccessful, due to missed calls, unanswered attempts, or respondent unavailability. In areas with limited or unstable network coverage, such as Darfur and Kordofan, the survey team adapted its methodology by employing a robust random walk sampling technique to ensure comprehensive data collection.

Weighting

To account for the survey design and adjust for unequal selection probabilities, household and individual weights were constructed using a maximum entropy approach. For Sudanese households, the 2022 Labor Force Survey serves as the reference dataset, with its geographic distribution modified to reflect displacement patterns based on the International Organization for Migration’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (July 2025 update). For the refugee population, calibration weights were derived using data from UNHCR’s population dashboard (August 2025), which provides updated demographic information on refugees residing in Sudan.

Survey instrument

Questionnaires

The fourth-round questionnaire incorporated standardized tools to ensure data quality and comparability across topics. Questions on food insecurity were adapted from the World Food Programme’s established indicators. The survey instrument was initially developed in English, then translated and administered in Arabic. It covered five core sections: food insecurity, displacement, employment, education, and health.

Data collection

Dates of Data Collection

Start	End
2025-05-30	2025-07-28

Data Collection Mode

Computer Assisted Telephone Interview [cati]

Data Collectors

Name	Abbreviation
Voluntas	Voluntas

Supervision

Voluntas organized supervision using interval recording and random call back of a sub-sample. There were 69 data collectors and 10 office supervisors.

Data Collection Notes

Organization of Fieldwork:
The survey was implemented using SurveyCTO’s Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) platform by a dedicated team of trained Voluntas enumerators operating from a centralized call center. The team consisted of 59 enumerators and 10 supervisors, with each enumerator responsible for conducting individual phone interviews.
Data Management:
Data from both completed and partially completed interviews were uploaded daily to enable timely monitoring and ensure rigorous quality control throughout the data collection process.
Respondent Engagement:
Each household interview was conducted with a single respondent, typically a knowledgeable adult or the head of household, who could consult other household members when necessary to provide accurate information.

Access policy

Confidentiality

Confidentiality declaration text
The dataset has been anonymized and is available as a Public Use Dataset.

Citation requirements

Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:

the Identification of the Primary Investigator
the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
the survey reference number
the source and date of download

Example:
Franck M. Adoho (World Bank), Tom Bundervoet (World Bank). Sudan - Welfare Monitoring Survey Round IV, 2025, Monitoring Food Insecurity, Displacement, Employment, Education, and Health (SWMS R4 2025). Ref: SDN_2025_WMS-R4_v01_M. Downloaded from [uri] on [date].

Access authority

Name	Affiliation
Franck M. Adoho	World Bank

Depositor information

Depositor

Name
Poverty Reduction and Policy Management Network (PREM)

Disclaimer and copyrights

Disclaimer

The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.

Contacts

Name	Affiliation	Email
Franck M. Adoho	World Bank	fadoho@worldbank.org

Metadata production

DDI Document ID

DDI_SDN_2025_WMS-R4_v01_M_WB

Producers

Name	Abbreviation	Affiliation	Role
Development Data Group	DECDG	World Bank	Documentation of the study

Date of Metadata Production

2025-11-11

Metadata version

DDI Document version

Version 01 (2025-11-11)

Citation

loading, please wait...

Export citation: RIS | BibTeX | Plain text

Back to Catalog

Welfare Monitoring Survey Round IV, 2025 Monitoring Food Insecurity, Displacement, Employment, Education, and Health