Living Standards Survey 1995-1996, First Round

Nepal, 1995 - 1996

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Reference ID

NPL_1995_LSS-I_v01_M

Producer(s)

Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)

Collection(s)

Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS)

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Jun 08, 2015

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Jan 30, 2020

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Documentation

Questionnaires

Nepal Living Standards Survey I 1995-1996: Household Questionnaire

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Author(s)	Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)
Date	1995-01-01
Country	Nepal
Language	English
Description	The questionnaire is an essential tool for using the data. In addition to containing the questions, it also contains codes and skip patterns.
Table of contents	SURVEY INFORMATION 1. HOUSEHOLD INFORMATION A: Household Roster B: Information on Parents C: Activities D: Unemployment 2. HOUSING A: Type of Dwelling B: Housing Expenses C: Utilities and Amenities D: Water and Firewood 3. ACCESS TO FACILITIES 4. MIGRATION 5. FOOD EXPENSES AND HOME PRODUCTION 6. NON-FOOD EXPENDITURES AND DURABLE GOODS A: Frequent Non-Food Expenditures B: Infrequent Non-Food expenditures C: Inventory of Durable Goods 7. EDUCATION A: Literacy B: Past Enrollment C: Current Enrollment 8. HEALTH A: Chronic Illnesses B: Illnesses or Injuries C: Immunization 9. ANTHROPOMETRICS 10. MARRIAGE AND MATERNITY HISTORY A: Meternity History B: Pre-and Post-Natal Care C: Family Planning 11. WAGE EMPLOYMENT A: In Agriculture B: Outside Agriculture 12. FARMING AND LIVESTOCK A: Landholding B: Production and Distribution C: Expenditure on Inputs D: Earnings from Agriculture E: Livestock F: Ownership of Farming Assets G: Extension Services 13. NON-FARM ENTERPRISES/ACTIVITIES A: General Characteristics B: Income from Enterprises 14. CREDIT AND SAVINGS A: Borrowing B: Lending C: Other Assets 15. REMITTANCES AND TRANSFERS A: Income Sent B: Income Received 16. OTHER INCOME 17. ADEQUACY OF CONSUMPTION LIST OF CODES
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Nepal Living Standards Survey I 1995-1996: Urban Community Questionnaire

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Author(s)	Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)
Date	1995-01-01
Country	Nepal
Language	English
Description	The community questionnaires collect information on the communities in which the households selected for the survey reside. There are separate questionnaires for the communities depending on their location in urban or rural areas. The information collected in both urban and rural areas includes population characteristics and infrastructure, access to facilities, and markets and prices. In rural areas only, information was collected on agriculture and forestry, migration, development programs, user groups, and quality of life, primary schools, and health facilities.
Download	https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/2301/download/34428

Nepal Living Standards Survey I 1995-1996: Rural Community Questionnaire

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Author(s)	Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)
Date	1995-01-01
Country	Nepal
Language	English
Description	The community questionnaires collect information on the communities in which the households selected for the survey reside. There are separate questionnaires for the communities depending on their location in urban or rural areas. The information collected in both urban and rural areas includes population characteristics and infrastructure, access to facilities, and markets and prices. In rural areas only, information was collected on agriculture and forestry, migration, development programs, user groups, and quality of life, primary schools, and health facilities.
Download	https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/2301/download/34429

Reports

Nepal Living Standards Survey Report 1996 Main Findings Volume One

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Author(s)	Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)
Date	1996-12-01
Country	Nepal
Language	English
Contributor(s)	World Bank
Publisher(s)	Central Bureau of Statistics, Nepal
Description	This is the first of a two-volume Statistical Report containing the main findings of the survey. This volume contains a descriptions of the survey methodology and the methodology employed to construct consumption aggregates (Section 1), as well as tabulations on Demographic Characteristics (Section 2), Housing (Section 3), Access to Services (Section 4), Education (Section 5), Health (Section 6), Fertility and Family Planning (Section 7). Volume 2, which will be published subsequently, will cover employment, agricultural activities, non-farm enterprises, credit and saving, and household income.
Table of contents	SECTION 1: METHODOLOGY 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Survey Methodology Sample Design Survey Questionnaire Field Work Organization 1.3 Constructing per-capita consumption aggregates SECTION II: DEMOGRAPHY 2.1 Age Distribution And Dependency Ratio 2.2 Gender Distribution 2.3 Household Size and Distribution by Size 2.4 Distribution of Sex and Age of Household Head SECTION III: HOUSING 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Occupancy Status of the Housing Unit 3.3 Construction Material of the Outer Walls 3.4 Construction Material of Roof 3.5 Construction Material of Floor 3.5 Number of Rooms and Floor Area 3.6 Water Supply 3.7 Presence of Household Conveniences 3.8 Main Fuel Used For Cooking 3.9 Use of Firewood 3.10 Collection of Firewood SECTION IV: ACCESS TO FACILITIES SECTION V: LITERACY AND EDUCATION 5.1 Literacy Rates 5.2 Educational Status SECTION VI: HEALTH 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Acute Illness 6.3 Immunization SECTION VII: FERTILITY AND FAMILY PLANNING 7.1 Mean Number of Children Ever Born 7.2 Total Fertility Rate and Age Specific Fertility Rate 7.3 Family planning awareness and usage ANNEX 1 LIST OF NLSS FIELD STAFFS ANNEX 2 DISSEMINATION OF NLSS DATA TO USERS
Download	https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/2301/download/34438

Nepal Living Standards Survey Report 1995/96 Main Findings Volume Two

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Author(s)	Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)
Date	1997-05-01
Country	Nepal
Language	English
Contributor(s)	World Bank
Publisher(s)	Central Bureau of Statistics, Nepal
Description	This is the second volume report on Nepal Living Standards Survey (NLSS), and with its publication, the project successfully comes to an end. Both reports have been published within set timetables. The Bureau now offers both reports as well as access to the entire data set for users that are interested to do further research and analysis of the survey results.
Table of contents	Section I: Income 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Construction of Income Aggregates Farm Income Wage Income Non-Farm Enterprise Income Non-Agrcultural Rental Income Transfer Income Value of Owner-Occupied Housing Other Income Total Income Items Omitted from the Income Aggregates 1.3 Levels, Sources and Distribution of Income Section II: Employment Status 2.1 Definitions 2.2 Activity Rates and Unemployment Rates 2.3 Underemployment 2.4 Activity Status on the Basis of Work Done During the Previous Year 2.5 Main Sector of Employment Section III: Agriculture 3.1 Background Information 3.2 Characteristics of Agricultural Household Head 3.3 Number of Agricultural Households 3.4 Area of Agricultural Land 3.5 Size of Agricultural Land 3.6 Land Fragmentation 3.7 Land Area Distribution 3.8 Farm Size Distribution 3.9 Land Tenure 3.10 Crops 3.11 Irrigation 3.12 Improved Seeds 3.13 Chemical Fertilizers 3.14 Equipment 3.15 Livestock Raising Section IV: Wage Employment 4.1 Wage Employment by Main Sector 4.2 Distribution by Industry 4.3 Basis of wage Payment 4.4 Wage Rates Section V: Non Farm Economic Activities 5.1 Activities by Industry 5.2 Hired labour 5.3 Revenue and Expenditure 5.4 Duration of Operation Section VI: Loans (Credit and Savings) 6.1 Regional distribution 6.2 Rural/ Urban Distribution 6.3 Sources of Loans 6.4 Purpose of Taking Loans Section VII: Remittances 7.1 Households and Remittances 7.2 Origin of Remittances 7.3 Remittances by Consumption Groups 7.4 Size of Remittances 7.5 Remittances and Income 7.6 Recipients and Donors by Sex and Industry Sectiion VIII: Adequacy of Consumption 8.1 Food Consumption 8.2 Housing 8.3 Clothing 8.4 Health Care 8.5 Schooling 8.6 Income ERRATA-CORRIGE Access to Facilities Annex I: Dissemination of NLSS Data to Users
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Technical documents

Nepal Living Standards Survey I 1995-1996: Survey Design and Implementation

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Author(s)	Development Research Group Poverty and Human Resources The World Bank
Country	Nepal
Language	English
Description	This document provides a description of how the survey was designed and implemented. It also contains codes for variables not found in the questionnaires, an explanation of how the aggregate variables were created, and information on the Nepalese calendar.
Download	https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/2301/download/34430

Sampling Weights for the NLSS

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Author(s)	Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)
Date	1995-01-01
Country	Nepal
Language	English
Download	https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/2301/download/34431

Inrerviewer Manual

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Author(s)	Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)
Date	1995-06-01
Country	Nepal
Language	English
Table of contents	PART A: Introduction 1. Overview of the Survey 2. The Interviewer’s Job 3. General Organization of Field Work 4. General Instructions on How to fill the Questionnaire 5. Definition of Key Words and Concepts 6. Overview of the Household Questionnaire PART B: 1. Household Information A: Household Roster B: Information on Parents C: Activities D: Unemployment 2. Housing A: Type of Dwelling B: Housing Expenses C: Utilities and Amenities D: Water and Firewood 3. Access to Facilities 4. Migration 5. Food Expenses and Home Production 6. Non Food Expenditure and Durable Goods A: Frequent Non-Food Expenditures B: Annual Non-Food Expenditures C: Inventory of Durable Goods 7. Education A: Literacy B: Past Enrollment C: Current Enrollment 8. Health A: Chronic Illness B: Illness or Injuries C: Immunization 9. Anthropometrics 10. Marriage and Maternity History A: Maternity History B: Pre- and Post-Natal Care C: Family Planning 11. Wage Employment A: In Agriculture B: Outside Agriculture 12. Farming and Livestock A: Landholding B: Production and Use C: Expenditure on Inputs D: Earnings from Agriculture E: Livestock F: Ownership of Farming Assets G: Extension Services 13. Non-Farm Enterprises/Activities A: General Characteristics B: Income from Enterprises 14. Credit and Savings A: Borrowing B: Lending C: Other Assets 15. Remittances and Transfers A: Income Sent B: Income Received 16. Other Income 17. Adequacy of Consumption
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Inrerviewer Manual

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Author(s)	Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)
Date	1995-06-01
Country	Nepal
Language	Nepali
Download	https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/2301/download/34433

Nepal Living Standards Survey I 1995-1996: Supervisor Manual

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Author(s)	Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)
Date	1995-06-01
Country	Nepal
Language	English
Description	This manual explains the duties of the supervisors. It explains the importance of strict supervision of the field work and instruction on how to administer the survey.
Download	https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/2301/download/34434

Nepal Living Standards Survey I 1995-1996: Codebook of Record Layouts

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subtitle	Household Data
Author(s)	Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)
Country	Nepal
Language	English
Description	This document contains information on all of the variables and codes found in the household files.
Download	https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/2301/download/34435

Nepal Living Standards Survey I 1995-1996: Codebook of Record Layouts Rural and Urban Community Data

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Author(s)	Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)
Country	Nepal
Language	English
Description	This document contains information on all of the variables and codes found in the rural and urban community level files.
Download	https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/2301/download/34436

Basis information Document

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Author(s)	Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)
Date	1996-04-01
Country	Nepal
Language	English
Table of contents	1. Introduction 2. Formation of the Core Team 3. Cartographic Work 4. Sample Design and Implementation 4.1 Sample Frame 4.2 Sample Design 5. Household Listing Operation 6. Survey Questionnaire 6.1 Questionnnaire Preparation 6.2 Overview of the Household Questionnaire 6.3 Overview of the Community Questionnaire, Rural 6.4 Overview of the Community Questionnaire, Urban 7. Selection of Manpower for the Field 8. Training 9. Organization of the Survey 9.1 Field Organization 9.2 Staffing (Central Staffs & Field Staffs) 9.3 Survey Schedule 9.4 Field Supervision 9.5 Central Supervision 10. Data Collection 11. Data Processing 11.1 Data Entry 11.2 NLSS Data Files Appendix 1: List of NLSS Primary Sampling Units Appendix 2: List of Supporting Documents
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Other Materials

Poverty Trends in Nepal (1995-96 and 2003- 04)

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Author(s)	Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)
Date	2005-09-01
Country	Nepal
Language	English
Contributor(s)	The World Bank
Publisher(s)	Central Bureau of Statistics
Description	This report presents NLSS-based poverty results estimated using the cost-of-basic needs (CBN) methodology and also the poverty trends in Nepal between 1995-96 and 2003-04. In order to maintain the comparability of the 2003-04 results with the 1995-96 estimates of poverty in the country, poverty lines were derived to adjust for regional differences in cost-of-living and intertemporal inflation.
Table of contents	Chapter I : Poverty Trends in Nepal between 1995-96 and 2003-04 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Incidence of Poverty in Nepal in 1995-96 and 2003-04 1.3 Growth and Inequality: Changes between 1995-96 and 2003-04 1.3.1 Trends in Real Expenditure 1.3.2 The Relationship between Growth in Per-capita Expenditure and Poverty 1.3.3 Growth Incidence Curves 1.3.4 Inequality 1.3.5 Poverty Decomposition: Growth and Inequality 1.3.6 Poverty Decomposition: Regional 1.4 Poverty Profile and Multivariate Analysis of Poverty 1.4.1 Poverty Profile 1.4.2 Multivariate Poverty Profile and Simulations 1.5 Sensitivity and Robustness of Poverty Estimates 1.5.1 Poverty Incidence Curves 1.5.2 “Missing PSUs” 1.5.3 Alternative Approaches to Defining Poverty Lines 1.6 Other Evidence of Changes in Living Standards 1.6.1 Subjective Poverty Line 1.6.2 Trends in Quantities of Foods Consumed 1.6.3 Evidence from a Panel Sample 1.6.4 Trends in Agricultural Wages 1.6.5 Trends in Income Poverty 1.7 Tentative Explanations for the Observed Increase in Per-capita Income and Expenditure and Decline in Poverty Chapter II : The Methodology used to Derive Poverty Lines (1995-96 and 2003-04) 2.1 An Overview of the Methodology 2.2 Deriving the Poverty Lines: A more Detailed Exposition 2.2.1 Deriving the Food Price Indices 2.2.2 Deriving the Non-Food Price Indices 2.2.3 Aggregating the Food and Non-food Poverty Line Components 2.3 Region and Time-specific Poverty Lines and Overall Price Index
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