Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2012
Barbados, 2012
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Reference ID
BRB_2012_MICS_v01_M
Producer(s)
United Nations Children’s Fund, Barbados Statistical Service
Collection(s)
Metadata
Created on
Oct 06, 2015
Last modified
Oct 06, 2015
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Identification
Survey ID Number
BRB_2012_MICS_v01_M
Title
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2012
Country/Economy
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Barbados | BRB |
Study type
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey - Round 4 [hh/mics-4]
Series Information
The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, Round 4 (MICS4) is the forth round of MICS surveys, previously conducted around 1995 (MICS1), 2000 (MICS2), and 2005-2007 (MICS3). MICS was originally developed to support countries measure progress towards an internationally agreed set of goals that emerged from the 1990 World Summit for Children.
The fourth round of Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS4) is scheduled for 2009-2011 and survey results are expected to be available from 2010 onwards. MICS4 data allow countries to better monitor progress toward national goals and global commitments, including the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) as the target year 2015 approaches.
Information on more than 20 of the MDG indicators is being collected through MICS4, offering one of the largest single sources of data for MDG monitoring. MICS4 continues to address emerging issues and new areas of interest, with validated, standard methodologies in collecting relevant data. It also helps countries capture rapid changes in key indicators.
The fourth round of Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS4) is scheduled for 2009-2011 and survey results are expected to be available from 2010 onwards. MICS4 data allow countries to better monitor progress toward national goals and global commitments, including the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) as the target year 2015 approaches.
Information on more than 20 of the MDG indicators is being collected through MICS4, offering one of the largest single sources of data for MDG monitoring. MICS4 continues to address emerging issues and new areas of interest, with validated, standard methodologies in collecting relevant data. It also helps countries capture rapid changes in key indicators.
Abstract
The Barbados Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) was carried out in 2012 by the Barbados Statistical Service (BSS). Financial and technical support was provided by the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women).
The MICS is an international household survey programme developed by UNICEF. The Barbados MICS was conducted as part of the fourth global round of MICS surveys (MICS4). The MICS provides up-to-date information on the situation of children and women and measures key indicators that allow countries to monitor progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and other internationally agreed upon commitments.
The Barbados MICs was conducted using a sample of 3,600 households from both rural and urban areas in all the country's districts. A multi-stage, stratified cluster sampling approach was used for the selection of the survey sample.
The MICS is an international household survey programme developed by UNICEF. The Barbados MICS was conducted as part of the fourth global round of MICS surveys (MICS4). The MICS provides up-to-date information on the situation of children and women and measures key indicators that allow countries to monitor progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and other internationally agreed upon commitments.
The Barbados MICs was conducted using a sample of 3,600 households from both rural and urban areas in all the country's districts. A multi-stage, stratified cluster sampling approach was used for the selection of the survey sample.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
- individuals
- households
- households
Version
Version Description
- v01: Edited, anonymous datasets for public distribution.
Scope
Notes
The scope of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey includes:
- Household: household listing form, education, water and sanitation, household characteristics, child labour, child discipline, hand washing and salt iodization.
- Women: woman's background, access to mass media and use of information and communications technology, desire for last birth, maternal and newborn health, post-natal health checks, contraception, unmet need for contraception, attitudes toward domestic violence, marriage/union, sexual behavior, HIV/AIDS, tobacco and alcohol use, and life satisfaction.
- Children: child's age, birth registration, early childhood development, breastfeeding, care of illness, and anthropometry.
- Household: household listing form, education, water and sanitation, household characteristics, child labour, child discipline, hand washing and salt iodization.
- Women: woman's background, access to mass media and use of information and communications technology, desire for last birth, maternal and newborn health, post-natal health checks, contraception, unmet need for contraception, attitudes toward domestic violence, marriage/union, sexual behavior, HIV/AIDS, tobacco and alcohol use, and life satisfaction.
- Children: child's age, birth registration, early childhood development, breastfeeding, care of illness, and anthropometry.
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National
Universe
The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents), all women aged between 15-49 years, all children under 5 living in the household.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name |
|---|
| United Nations Children’s Fund |
| Barbados Statistical Service |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| United Nations Children’s Fund | UNICEF | Financial and technical support |
| United Nations Population Fund | UNFPA | Financial and technical support |
| United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and Women Empowerment | UNWOMEN | Financial and technical support |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
The primary objective of the sample design for the Barbados Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) was to produce statistically reliable estimates of most indicators, at the national level, for urban and rural areas and for the four regions of the country. The four regions were defined as the sampling strata.
Regarding the strata used, it should be noted that the first stratum (St. Michael) covers the capital Bridgetown and surrounding area in the south-west of the island; the second (Christ Church and St. Philip) covers the south and south-east coastal areas; the third (St. James, St. George and St. Thomas) covers the mid-west coast and the centre of the country; and the fourth (containing the remaining five parishes) covers the north and north-east.
A multi-stage, stratified cluster sampling approach was used for the selection of the survey sample.
The target sample size for the Barbados MICS was calculated as 3,600 households. The first step in the process of calculating this sample size was to choose one or more relevant statistical indicators that were considered of particular importance in the national context. Using the expected values of these indicators and other key information then facilitated the calculation of the sample size required for the survey in order to obtain estimates with a certain degree of precision. In the absence of suitable health and education indicators, calculation of the sample size were made using three hypothetical indicators with values of 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7. These calculations were done for three groups: women aged 15-49, women aged 15-24, and children under 5.
The 2010 census frame was used for the selection of clusters. Census enumeration areas were defined as primary sampling units (PSUs) and were selected from each of the sampling strata by using systematic pps (probability proportional to size) sampling procedures, based on the estimated sizes of the enumeration areas from the 2010 Population Census. The first stage of sampling was thus completed by selecting the required number of enumeration areas from each of the four strata.
Since the sampling frame (the 2010 Population Census) was not up-to-date, a new listing of households was conducted in all the sample enumeration areas prior to the selection of households. For this purpose, listing teams were formed who visited each enumeration area and listed the occupied households. These teams consisted of some permanent field staff of the Barbados Statistical Service and some temporary recruits for the MICS exercise. Each team member was allocated individual clusters to list by the two field supervisors, who were senior permanent field officers. The listing exercise started around November 2011 and was extended to May 2012.
The sampling procedures are more fully described in "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2012 - Final Report" pp.146-150.
Regarding the strata used, it should be noted that the first stratum (St. Michael) covers the capital Bridgetown and surrounding area in the south-west of the island; the second (Christ Church and St. Philip) covers the south and south-east coastal areas; the third (St. James, St. George and St. Thomas) covers the mid-west coast and the centre of the country; and the fourth (containing the remaining five parishes) covers the north and north-east.
A multi-stage, stratified cluster sampling approach was used for the selection of the survey sample.
The target sample size for the Barbados MICS was calculated as 3,600 households. The first step in the process of calculating this sample size was to choose one or more relevant statistical indicators that were considered of particular importance in the national context. Using the expected values of these indicators and other key information then facilitated the calculation of the sample size required for the survey in order to obtain estimates with a certain degree of precision. In the absence of suitable health and education indicators, calculation of the sample size were made using three hypothetical indicators with values of 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7. These calculations were done for three groups: women aged 15-49, women aged 15-24, and children under 5.
The 2010 census frame was used for the selection of clusters. Census enumeration areas were defined as primary sampling units (PSUs) and were selected from each of the sampling strata by using systematic pps (probability proportional to size) sampling procedures, based on the estimated sizes of the enumeration areas from the 2010 Population Census. The first stage of sampling was thus completed by selecting the required number of enumeration areas from each of the four strata.
Since the sampling frame (the 2010 Population Census) was not up-to-date, a new listing of households was conducted in all the sample enumeration areas prior to the selection of households. For this purpose, listing teams were formed who visited each enumeration area and listed the occupied households. These teams consisted of some permanent field staff of the Barbados Statistical Service and some temporary recruits for the MICS exercise. Each team member was allocated individual clusters to list by the two field supervisors, who were senior permanent field officers. The listing exercise started around November 2011 and was extended to May 2012.
The sampling procedures are more fully described in "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2012 - Final Report" pp.146-150.
Response Rate
Of the 3,600 households selected for the sample, 3,287 were found to be occupied. Of these, 2,872 were successfully interviewed for a household response rate of 87.4 percent. In the interviewed households, 1,916 women aged 15-49 years were identified. Of these, 1,543 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 80.5 percent within interviewed households. There were 491 children under age 5 listed in the household questionnaire. Questionnaires were completed for 465 of these children, which corresponds to a response rate of 94.7 percent within interviewed households. Overall response rates of 70.4 percent and 82.7 per cent are calculated for the women's and under-5's interviews respectively.
Weighting
The Barbados MICS sample is not self-weighting. Essentially, by allocating equal numbers of households to each of the regions, different sampling fractions were used in each region since the size of the regions varied. For this reason, sample weights were calculated and these were used in the subsequent analyses of the survey data.
The major component of the weight is the reciprocal of the sampling fraction employed in selecting the number of sample households in that particular sampling stratum (h) and PSU(i). The term fhi, the sampling fraction for the i-th sample PSU in the h-th stratum, is the product of probabilities of selection at every stage in each sampling stratum. Where pshi is the probability of selection of the sampling unit at stage s for the i-th sample PSU in the h-th sampling stratum.
A second component in the calculation of sample weights takes into account the level of non-response for the household and individual interviews. The adjustment for household non-response is equal to the inverse value of: RRh = Number of interviewed households in stratum h/ Number of occupied households listed in stratum h
After the completion of fieldwork, response rates were calculated for each sampling stratum. These were used to adjust the sample weights calculated for each cluster.
Similarly, the adjustment for non-response at the individual level (women and under-5 children) for each stratum is equal to the inverse value of:
RRh = Completed women's (or under-5's) questionnaires in stratum h / Eligible women (or under-5s) in stratum h
The non-response adjustment factors for the women's and under-5's questionnaires are applied to the adjusted household weights. Numbers of eligible women and under-5 children were obtained from the roster of household members from the household questionnaire where interviews were completed.
The design weights for the households were calculated by multiplying the above factors for each enumeration area. These weights were then standardized (or normalized), one purpose of which is to make the weighted sum of the interviewed sample units equal the total sample size at the national level. Normalization is performed by dividing the aforementioned design weights by the average design weight at the national level. This involves multiplying the sample weights by a constant factor equal to the unweighted number of households at the national level divided by the weighted total number of households (using the full sample weights adjusted for non-response). A similar standardization procedure was followed in obtaining standardized weights for the women's and under-5's questionnaires. Adjusted (normalized) weights varied between 0.291523 and 2.127810 in the 120 sample enumeration areas (clusters).
Sample weights were appended to all data sets and analyses were performed by weighting each household, woman or under-5 with these sample weights.
The major component of the weight is the reciprocal of the sampling fraction employed in selecting the number of sample households in that particular sampling stratum (h) and PSU(i). The term fhi, the sampling fraction for the i-th sample PSU in the h-th stratum, is the product of probabilities of selection at every stage in each sampling stratum. Where pshi is the probability of selection of the sampling unit at stage s for the i-th sample PSU in the h-th sampling stratum.
A second component in the calculation of sample weights takes into account the level of non-response for the household and individual interviews. The adjustment for household non-response is equal to the inverse value of: RRh = Number of interviewed households in stratum h/ Number of occupied households listed in stratum h
After the completion of fieldwork, response rates were calculated for each sampling stratum. These were used to adjust the sample weights calculated for each cluster.
Similarly, the adjustment for non-response at the individual level (women and under-5 children) for each stratum is equal to the inverse value of:
RRh = Completed women's (or under-5's) questionnaires in stratum h / Eligible women (or under-5s) in stratum h
The non-response adjustment factors for the women's and under-5's questionnaires are applied to the adjusted household weights. Numbers of eligible women and under-5 children were obtained from the roster of household members from the household questionnaire where interviews were completed.
The design weights for the households were calculated by multiplying the above factors for each enumeration area. These weights were then standardized (or normalized), one purpose of which is to make the weighted sum of the interviewed sample units equal the total sample size at the national level. Normalization is performed by dividing the aforementioned design weights by the average design weight at the national level. This involves multiplying the sample weights by a constant factor equal to the unweighted number of households at the national level divided by the weighted total number of households (using the full sample weights adjusted for non-response). A similar standardization procedure was followed in obtaining standardized weights for the women's and under-5's questionnaires. Adjusted (normalized) weights varied between 0.291523 and 2.127810 in the 120 sample enumeration areas (clusters).
Sample weights were appended to all data sets and analyses were performed by weighting each household, woman or under-5 with these sample weights.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2012-05 | 2012-10 |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Supervision
There is one supervisor for each of the 6 data collection teams in the field.
Data Collection Notes
Training of 53 persons for the fieldwork was conducted over 12 days from 23 April to 9 May 2012. Training included lectures on interviewing techniques and the contents of the questionnaires as well as mock interviews between trainees to gain practice in asking questions. All field staff were also trained in the use of the anthropomorphic measuring tools. Towards the end of the training period, trainees spent two days in practice interviewing in the following strata: Stratum 1 - four urban areas in St. Michael; Stratum 2 - one urban area in Christ Church and one urban area in St. Philip; and Stratum 4 - one rural area in St. John.
The data were collected by six teams, each of which was comprised of four interviewers, one editor, one measurer and a supervisor. Fieldwork began in May 2012 and concluded in October 2012.
The data were collected by six teams, each of which was comprised of four interviewers, one editor, one measurer and a supervisor. Fieldwork began in May 2012 and concluded in October 2012.
Data Collectors
| Name |
|---|
| Barbados Statistical Service |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
The questionnaires for the Generic MICS were structured questionnaires based on the MICS4 model questionnaire with some modifications and additions. Household questionnaires were administered in each household, which collected various information on household members including sex, age and relationship. The household questionnaire includes household listing form, education, water and sanitation, household characteristics, child labour, child discipline, hand washing and salt iodization.
In addition to a household questionnaire, questionnaires were administered in each household for women age 15-49 and children under age five. For children, the questionnaire was administered to the mother or primary caretaker of the child.
The women's questionnaire includes woman's background, access to mass media and use of information and communications technology, desire for last birth, maternal and newborn health, post-natal health checks, contraception, unmet need for contraception, attitudes toward domestic violence, marriage/union, sexual behavior, HIV/AIDS, tobacco and alcohol use, and life satisfaction.
The children's questionnaire includes child's age, birth registration, early childhood development, breastfeeding, care of illness, and anthropometry.
In addition to a household questionnaire, questionnaires were administered in each household for women age 15-49 and children under age five. For children, the questionnaire was administered to the mother or primary caretaker of the child.
The women's questionnaire includes woman's background, access to mass media and use of information and communications technology, desire for last birth, maternal and newborn health, post-natal health checks, contraception, unmet need for contraception, attitudes toward domestic violence, marriage/union, sexual behavior, HIV/AIDS, tobacco and alcohol use, and life satisfaction.
The children's questionnaire includes child's age, birth registration, early childhood development, breastfeeding, care of illness, and anthropometry.
Data Processing
Data Editing
Using the CSPro software, data were entered on six microcomputers at the BSS office by six data entry operators, one secondary editor and one data entry supervisor. In order to ensure quality control, all questionnaires were double entered and internal consistency checks were performed. Procedures and standard computer programs developed under the global MICS4 programme and adapted to the Barbados questionnaire were used throughout. Data processing began simultaneously with data collection in May 2012 and was completed on 7 November 2012. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, Version 18, and the model syntax and tabulation plans developed by UNICEF were used for this purpose. Both data processing and data analysis received the technical assistance of UNICEF Latin America and Caribbean Regional Office (LACRO) and UNICEF NY-HQ.
Data Appraisal
Estimates of Sampling Error
Sampling errors are a measure of the variability between the estimates from all possible samples. The extent of variability is not known exactly but can be estimated statistically from the survey data.
The following sampling error measures are presented in this appendix for each of the selected indicators:
- Standard error (se): Sampling errors are usually measured in terms of standard errors for particular indicators (means, proportions, etc). Standard error is the square root of the variance of the estimate. The Taylor linearization method is used for the estimation of standard errors.
- Coefficient of variation (se/r) is the ratio of the standard error to the value of the indicator and is a measure of the relative sampling error.
- Design effect (deff) is the ratio of the actual variance of an indicator, under the sampling method used in the survey, to the variance calculated under the assumption of simple random sampling. The square root of the design effect (deft) is used to show the efficiency of the sample design in relation to the precision. A deft value of 1.0 indicates that the sample design is as efficient as a simple random sample, while a deft value above 1.0 indicates an increase in the standard error due to the use of a more complex sample design.
- Confidence limits are calculated to show the interval within which the true value for the population can be reasonably assumed to fall, with a specified level of confidence. For any given statistic calculated from the survey, the value of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error (r + 2.se or r - 2.se) of the statistic in 95 percent of all possible samples of identical size and design.
For the calculation of sampling errors from MICS data, SPSS Version 18 Complex Samples module has been used. The results are shown in the tables that follow. In addition to the sampling error measures described above, the tables also include weighted and unweighted counts of denominators for each indicator.
Sampling errors are calculated for indicators of primary interest, for the national level and for urban and rural areas. One of the selected indicators is based on households, 7 are based on household members, 19 are based on women and 8 are based on children under 5. All indicators presented here are in the form of proportions.
The following sampling error measures are presented in this appendix for each of the selected indicators:
- Standard error (se): Sampling errors are usually measured in terms of standard errors for particular indicators (means, proportions, etc). Standard error is the square root of the variance of the estimate. The Taylor linearization method is used for the estimation of standard errors.
- Coefficient of variation (se/r) is the ratio of the standard error to the value of the indicator and is a measure of the relative sampling error.
- Design effect (deff) is the ratio of the actual variance of an indicator, under the sampling method used in the survey, to the variance calculated under the assumption of simple random sampling. The square root of the design effect (deft) is used to show the efficiency of the sample design in relation to the precision. A deft value of 1.0 indicates that the sample design is as efficient as a simple random sample, while a deft value above 1.0 indicates an increase in the standard error due to the use of a more complex sample design.
- Confidence limits are calculated to show the interval within which the true value for the population can be reasonably assumed to fall, with a specified level of confidence. For any given statistic calculated from the survey, the value of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error (r + 2.se or r - 2.se) of the statistic in 95 percent of all possible samples of identical size and design.
For the calculation of sampling errors from MICS data, SPSS Version 18 Complex Samples module has been used. The results are shown in the tables that follow. In addition to the sampling error measures described above, the tables also include weighted and unweighted counts of denominators for each indicator.
Sampling errors are calculated for indicators of primary interest, for the national level and for urban and rural areas. One of the selected indicators is based on households, 7 are based on household members, 19 are based on women and 8 are based on children under 5. All indicators presented here are in the form of proportions.
Data Appraisal
A series of data quality tables are available to review the quality of the data and include the following:
- Age distribution of the household population
- Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women
- Age distribution of under-5s in household and under-5 questionnaires
- Women’s completion rates by socio-economic characteristics of households
- Completion rates for under-5 questionnaires by socio-economic characteristics of households
- Completeness of reporting
- Completeness of information for anthropometric indicators
- Heaping in anthropometric measurements
- Observation of places for hand washing
- Observation of women's health cards
- Observation of under-5s birth certificates
- Presence of mother in the household and the person interviewed for the under-5 questionnaire
- Selection of children aged 2–14 years for the child discipline module
- School attendance by single age
The results of each of these data quality tables are shown in appendix D in document "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2012 - Final Report" pp.166-179.
- Age distribution of the household population
- Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women
- Age distribution of under-5s in household and under-5 questionnaires
- Women’s completion rates by socio-economic characteristics of households
- Completion rates for under-5 questionnaires by socio-economic characteristics of households
- Completeness of reporting
- Completeness of information for anthropometric indicators
- Heaping in anthropometric measurements
- Observation of places for hand washing
- Observation of women's health cards
- Observation of under-5s birth certificates
- Presence of mother in the household and the person interviewed for the under-5 questionnaire
- Selection of children aged 2–14 years for the child discipline module
- School attendance by single age
The results of each of these data quality tables are shown in appendix D in document "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2012 - Final Report" pp.166-179.
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|
| Aubrey V. Browne | Barbados Statistical Service | |
| UNICEF Bridgetown | bridgetown@unicef.org |
Confidentiality
Users of the data agree to keep confidential all data contained in these datasets and to make no attempt to identify, trace or contact any individual whose data is included in these datasets.
Access conditions
Survey datasets are distributed at no cost for legitimate research, with the condition that we receive a description of the objectives of any research project that will be using the data prior to authorizing their distribution.
Citation requirements
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download.
Example,
United Nations Children’s Fund, Barbados Statistical Service. Barbados Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2012, Ref. BRB_2012_MICS_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [url] on [date].
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download.
Example,
United Nations Children’s Fund, Barbados Statistical Service. Barbados Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2012, Ref. BRB_2012_MICS_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [url] on [date].
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Childinfo | UNICEF | mics@unicef.org | Link |
Location of Data Collection
United Nations Children’s Fund
Archive where study is originally stored
United Nations Children’s Fund
http://www.childinfo.org/mics4_surveys.html
Cost: None
http://www.childinfo.org/mics4_surveys.html
Cost: None
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_BRB_2012_MICS_v01_M_WB
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Development Data Group | DECDG | The World Bank | Documentation of the DDI |
Date of Metadata Production
2015-10-05
DDI Document version
Version 01 (October 2015)