Survey ID Number
UGA_2015_SHS_v02_M
Title
CGAP Smallholder Household Survey 2015, Building the Evidence Base on the Agricultural and Financial Lives of Smallholder Households
Notes
The CGAP national surveys of smallholder households used three questionnaires: (1) household questionnaire, (2) multiple respondent questionnaire, and (3) single respondent questionnaire.
1. Household questionnaire
Respondent: Head of the household, their spouse, or a knowledgeable adult
Content: Basic information on all household members (e.g. age, gender, education attainment, schooling status) and information about household assets and dwelling characteristics in order to derive poverty status.
2. Multiple respondent questionnaire
Respondents: All household members over 15 years old who contributed to the household income and/or participated in its agricultural activities
Content: Demographics (e.g. land size, crop and livestock, decision-making, associations and markets, financial behaviors), agricultural activities (e.g. selling, trading, consuming crops, livestock, suppliers), and household economics (e.g., employment, income sources, expenses, shocks, borrowing, saving habits, investments).
3. Single respondent questionnaire
Respondent: One randomly-selected adult in the household
Content: Agricultural activities (e.g. market relationships, storage, risk mitigation), household economics (e.g. expense prioritization, insurance, financial outlook), mobile phones (e.g., usage, access, ownership, desire and importance), and formal and informal financial tools (e.g., ownership, usage, access, importance, attitudes toward financial service providers).
Questionnaires
Building on secondary research on the smallholder sector and discussions with stakeholders, the design process for the survey instrument began. This process involved defining the end goal of the research by:
• Drawing from existing survey instruments;
• Considering the objectives and needs of the project;
• Accounting for stakeholder interests and feedback;
• Learning from the ongoing financial diaries in country; and,
• Building from a series of focus groups conducted early on in the study.
Using this foundation, a framework for the survey instrument was developed to share with stakeholders and capture all the necessary elements of a smallholder household. The framework consisted of five main subject areas: (i) demographics, (ii) household economics, (iii) agricultural practices, (iv) mobile phones, and (v) financial services.
In order to capture the complexity inside smallholder households, the smallholder household survey was divided into three questionnaires: the household questionnaire, the multiple respondent questionnaire and the single respondent questionnaire. In addition to English, the questionnaires were translated into nine local languages: Lugishu, Luganda, Ateso, Lugbara, Runyakole, Lutooro, Ngakaaramojong, Langi, and Acholi.
The household questionnaire collected information on:
• Basic household members’ individual characteristics (age, gender, education attainment, schooling status, relationship with the household head)
• Whether each household member contributes to the household income or participates in the household’s agricultural activities. This information was later used to identify all household members eligible for the other two questionnaires.
• Household assets and dwelling characteristics
Both the Multiple and Single Respondent questionnaires collected different information on:
• Agricultural practices: farm information such as size, crop types, livestock, decision-making, farming associations and markets
• Household economics: employment, income, expenses, shocks, borrowing and saving habits, and investments
In addition, the Single respondent questionnaire collected information on:
• Mobile phones: attitudes toward phones, usage, access, ownership, desire and importance
• Financial services: attitudes towards financial products and services such as banking and mobile money, including ownership, usage, access and importance.
Following the finalization of questionnaires, a script was developed to support data collection on mobile phones. The script was tested and validated before its use in the field.