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Young Lives: An International Study of Childhood Poverty 2013-2014, Round 4

Ethiopia, India, Peru, Vietnam, 2013 - 2014
Central
Boyden, J.
Created on April 26, 2021 Last modified April 26, 2021 Page views 8990 Download 10796 Documentation in PDF Study website Metadata DDI/XML JSON

Identification

Survey ID Number
WLD_2013-2014_YLSCP-R4_v01_M
Title
Young Lives: An International Study of Childhood Poverty 2013-2014, Round 4
Subtitle
Round 4
Country/Economy
Name Country code
Ethiopia ETH
India IND
Peru PER
Vietnam VNM
Study type
Other Household Survey [hh/oth]
Series Information
The Young Lives study, which began in 2002, is an innovative long-term project investigating the changing nature of childhood poverty in four developing countries. The purpose of the project is to improve understanding of the causes and consequences of childhood poverty and examine how policies affect children's well-being, in order to inform the development of future policy and to target child welfare interventions more effectively. The study is being conducted in Ethiopia, India (in the Andhra Pradesh state), Peru and Vietnam. It is sponsored by the Department for International Development and conducted by the Young Lives team based at the University of Oxford.

The Young Lives study aims to track the lives of 12,000 children over a 15-year period, surveyed once every 3-4 years.

Round 1 of Young Lives surveyed two groups of children in each country, at 1 year old and 5 years old.
Round 2 returned to the same children who were then aged 5 and 12 years old.
Round 3 surveyed the same children again at aged 7-8 years and 14-15 years, and
Round 4 surveyed them at 12 and 19 years old. Thus the younger children are being tracked from infancy to their mid-teens and the older children through into adulthood, when some will become parents themselves.
Abstract
The Young Lives survey is an innovative long-term project investigating the changing nature of childhood poverty in four developing countries. The purpose of the project is to improve understanding of the causes and consequences of childhood poverty and examine how policies affect children's well-being, in order to inform the development of future policy and to target child welfare interventions more effectively. The study is being conducted in Ethiopia, India (in Andhra Pradesh), Peru and Vietnam. These countries were selected because they reflect a range of cultural, geographical and social contexts and experience differing issues facing the developing world; high debt burden, emergence from conflict, and vulnerability to environmental conditions such as drought and flood.

The survey consists of three main elements: a child questionnaire, a household questionnaire and a community questionnaire. The household data gathered is similar to other cross-sectional datasets (such as the World Bank's Living Standards Measurement Study). It covers a range of topics such as household composition, livelihood and assets, household expenditure, child health and access to basic services, and education. This is supplemented with additional questions that cover caregiver perceptions, attitudes, and aspirations for their child and the family. Young Lives also collects detailed time-use data for all family members, information about the child's weight and height (and that of caregivers), and tests the children for school outcomes (language comprehension and mathematics). An important element of the survey asks the children about their daily activities, their experiences and attitudes to work and school, their likes and dislikes, how they feel they are treated by other people, and their hopes and aspirations for the future. The community questionnaire provides background information about the social, economic and environmental context of each community. It covers topics such as ethnicity, religion, economic activity and employment, infrastructure and services, political representation and community networks, crime and environmental changes. The Young Lives survey is carried out by teams of local researchers, supported by the Principal Investigator and Data Manager in each country.

Further information about the survey, including publications, can be downloaded from the <a href="http://www.younglives.org.uk/" title="Young Lives">Young Lives</a> website.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Individuals
Families/households
Data are also gathered at Community and Mini-Community level.

Scope

Notes
The scope of the Young Lives Survey includes the following:

- Older Cohort Household: Parental background; Household and child education; Livelihoods and asset framework; Household food and non-food consumption and expenditure; Social capital; Economic changes and recent life history; Socio-economic status.
- Older Cohort Child: Parents and Caregiver update; Mobility; Subjective well-being; Education; Employment, earnings, and time-use; Feelings and attitudes; Household decision-making; Marital and living arrangements; Fertility; Anthropometry; Health and nutrition.
- Older Cohort Cognitive Tests: Mathematics test; Reading comprehension test.
- Older Cohort Individual: Relationship with parents, Smoking, Violence, Alcohol, Sexual behaviour
- Younger Cohort Household: Parental background; Household and child education; Livelihoods and asset framework; Household food and non-food consumption and expenditure; Social capital; Economic changes and recent life history; Socio-economic status, Health; Anthropometry (for the study child and a sibling); Caregiver perceptions and attitudes.
- Younger Cohort Child: Schooling; Time-use; Health; Social networks; Feelings and attitudes.
- Younger Cohort Cognitive Tests: Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (administered to the study child and a sibling); Mathematics test; Reading comprehension test. In Ethiopia and Peru only: a computerised cognitive skill (Executive Functioning) test administered on touch-screen tablet computers for the study child and a younger sibling. In Ethiopia only an additional English and Amharic reading test.
- Community: General characteristics of the locality; Social environment; Access to services; Economy; Local prices; Social protection; Educational services; Health services; Migration.
Topics
Topic
General - Education
General - Employment and labour
Youth - Social stratification and groupings
General - Health
Housing
Agriculture, forestry and rural industry - Industry and management
Time use - Society and culture
Family life and marriage - Social stratification and groupings
Use and provision of specific social services - Social welfare policy and systems
Keywords
Keyword URI
2013
2014
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SATISFACTION http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/f99a529b-8af6-417c-897c-fe13fe879386
SCHOOL PUNISHMENTS http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/c0716d98-54f5-4df7-9b14-19274b572cb2
SCHOOLCHILDREN http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/60631aec-c9bf-4636-be3a-4df9d844a3a6
SCHOOLS http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/8f25fd05-687c-47ac-bdb6-4f990e410b08
SELLING http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/addcccbf-359a-41ee-8d5f-e279a2e9b418
SEXUAL AWARENESS http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/6f487408-5e4e-4e7a-abe2-265e08395c9c
SIBLINGS http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/95a87078-8ae9-4900-9400-d7035203fd53
SINGLE-SEX SCHOOLS http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/6c44e7e6-db48-4d89-8e5a-fa4acbbc9b12
SLEEP http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/20950b59-e1a0-4c48-93de-7a33c6c6a23c
SOCIAL CAPITAL http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/50fa5de9-ca36-445a-926a-a3ef52ddfd93
SOCIAL CLASS http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/76d15725-f190-4496-807f-f1869af1911c
SOCIAL NETWORKS http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/d965667a-6644-4475-8293-c3ea8b5ec190
SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/8c3e7472-73a3-4d63-8d6b-9233b3c902d8
SOCIAL SKILLS http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/ab2116b3-f3f5-4c6d-8a01-7dfd46d9266d
SOCIAL SUPPORT http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/cda5fa3b-3db9-44cd-916c-6ad1b0ed3147
SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/97cd2bd6-b5ad-4d0c-b8f5-4ca115d46bcb
SPOUSES http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/da68ce1b-acae-497b-a546-77da3769b001
STANDARD OF LIVING http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/4ae5df66-63f0-405c-b573-1e3f263023c8
STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS (BUILDINGS) http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/1c386ad1-ed3d-4fe9-b0ce-501800dd23fd
STUDENT ATTITUDE http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/e820a147-c124-4a81-8ba6-53ba04f6cfe7
STUDENT BEHAVIOUR http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/ad3e108b-78b2-4548-9d3c-adeb52996d68
STUDENT TRANSPORTATION http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/94617680-69a7-4750-b57f-f84bc9f028b5
TELEPHONES http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/7d1f7e77-e532-4245-824b-8665543e2aba
TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/cfa1edb2-9d59-4a15-9c30-caa143b5b92c
THEFT http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/05f8d44f-ebf5-4b66-9d42-4c715261d21f
TIME BUDGETS http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/d1135c49-c2fd-4577-bc33-4345adeb1811
TRADE UNION MEMBERSHIP http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/42f4b6e1-a526-4ca0-ad9f-073d7621f9fa
TRANSPORT FARES http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/673d6774-c9d6-447e-89f9-73b40e1a8add
TRAVELLING TIME http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/f6b4bb32-0ff6-4dd1-af86-fa6a54acc116
TRUANCY http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/919290c9-01be-4610-9401-99f730bd7bcc
TRUST http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/a9666934-ff43-4ed0-a919-89e641b80361
TUTORING http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/1b529241-9a27-4731-ac78-2fbac091f969
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/6d26368f-860b-4020-a867-a7a65e5c4720
URBAN AREAS http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/bd9154ff-df07-4704-b4df-6c2a07fbff25
VIET NAM http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/3eb60a50-4a1d-4059-8208-6f3b09075100
VOTING BEHAVIOUR http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/117ab952-6e3d-4228-a4ec-753ea003b8fb
WATER POLLUTION http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/301b86e9-05a5-4a56-8b51-73e7c614485a
WATER SERVICES (BUILDINGS) http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/d933e950-1634-494b-8b64-65cdbea493c8
WEIGHT (PHYSIOLOGY) http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/f1e0469b-4f5e-476f-a7e9-de267bfcde08
WOMEN http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/4800ea16-81c6-46ab-ad67-ef8e7071421e
YOUTH http://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/skoshasset/6600dd35-ac34-41ec-88a6-2a8e2aa830bb

Coverage

Geographic Coverage
Ethiopia - National Coverage
India - Andhra Pradesh only
Peru - National Coverage
Vietnam - National Coverage
Geographic Unit
Community and Mini-Community level.
Universe
Cross-national; Subnational
Children aged 12 years old, children aged 19 years old, and the households of both sets, in Ethiopia, India (Andhra Pradesh), Peru and Vietnam. These children were originally interviewed in Rounds 1-3 of the study.

Producers and sponsors

Primary investigators
Name Affiliation
Boyden, J. University of Oxford. Young Lives
Producers
Name Affiliation
Woldehanna, T. Ethiopian Development Research Institute
Galab, S. Centre for Economic and Social Studies (CESS) (India)
Sanchez, A. Grupo de Analisis para el Desarollo (GRADE) (Peru)
Penny, M. Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional (IIN) (Peru)
Duc, L.T. Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences (CAF-VASS). Centre for Analysis and Forecast
Funding Agency/Sponsor
Name
Department for International Development

Sampling

Sampling Procedure
Number of units: Ethiopia: 1,875 (12-year-olds), 908 (19-year-olds); India: 1,915 (12-year-olds), 952 (19-year-olds); Peru: 1,902 (12-year-olds), 635 (19-year-olds); Vietnam: 1,932 (12-year-olds), 887 (19-year-olds)
More detailed information on survey design and sampling is available at http://www.younglives.org.uk/content/our-research-methods
Weighting
No weighting used.

Data Collection

Dates of Data Collection
Start End
2013-06-01 2014-03-01
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face interview; Self-completion
Data Collectors
Name Abbreviation Affiliation
Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional IIN Peru
General Statistics Office of Viet Nam GSO Vietnam
Centre for Economic and Social Studies CESS India
Ethiopian Development Research Institute EDRI Ethiopia

Questionnaires

Questionnaires
The Older Cohort Household Questionnaire (age 19) includes sections on:
- Parental background; Household and child education
- Livelihoods and asset framework
- Household food and non-food consumption and expenditure
- Social capital; Economic changes and recent life history
- Socio-economic status

The Older Cohort Child Questionnaire (age 19) includes sections on:
- Parents and Caregiver update; Mobility
- Subjective well-being
- Education
- Employment, earnings, and time-use
- Feelings and attitudes
- Household decision-making
- Marital and living arrangements
- Fertility; Anthropometry
- Health and nutrition

The Older Cohort Cognitive Tests (age 19) includes
- Mathematics test
- Reading comprehension test

The Older Cohort Self-Administered Questionnaire (age 19) includes sections on:
- Relationship with parents
- Smoking, Violence, Alcohol, Sexual behaviour (administered in Peru only)

The Younger Cohort Household Questionnaire (age 12) includes sections on:
- Parental background
- Household and child education
- Livelihoods and asset framework
- Household food and non-food consumption and expenditure
- Social capital
- Economic changes and recent life history
- Socio-economic status
- Health
- Anthropometry (for the study child and a sibling)
- Caregiver perceptions and attitudes

The Younger Cohort Child Questionnaire (age 12) includes sections on:
- Schooling
- Time-us
- Health
- Social networks
- Feelings and attitudes

The Younger Cohort Cognitive Tests (age 12) include:
- Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (administered to the study child and a sibling)
- Mathematics test
- Reading comprehension test. In Ethiopia and Peru only: a computerised cognitive skill (Executive Functioning) test administered on touch-screen tablet computers for the study child and a younger sibling. In Ethiopia only an additional English and Amharic reading test.

The Community Questionnaire (administered in the main communities where Young Lives children live) includes sections on:
- General characteristics of the locality
- Social environment
- Access to services; Economy
- Local prices
- Social protection
- Educational services
- Health services; Migration

The Mini-community questionnaire (administered in communities into which one or study children moved) includes sections on:
- General characteristics of the locality
- Social environment
- Access to Services
- Economy
- Local prices

Data Processing

Other Processing
Data Archive Processing Standards

The data were processed to the UK Data Archive's B standard. A substantial series of checks was carried out to ensure the quality of the data and documentation. Firstly, checks were made that the number of cases and variables matched the depositor's records. Secondly, logical checks were performed on a sample of the remaining nominal (categorical) variables to ensure they had values within the range defined (either by value labels or in the depositor's documentation). Thirdly, any data or documentation that breached confidentiality rules were altered or suppressed to preserve anonymity.

Data conversion information

From January 2003 onwards, almost all data conversions have been performed using software developed by the UK Data Archive. This enables standardisation of the conversion methods and ensures optimal data quality. In addition to its own data processing/conversion code, this software uses the SPSS and StatTransfer command processors to perform certain format translations. Although data conversion is automated, all data files are also subject to visual inspection by a member of the Archivist's Data Services team.

With some format conversions, data, and more especially internal metadata (i.e. variable labels, value labels, missing value definitions, data type information), will inevitably be lost or truncated owing to the differential limits of the proprietary formats. A UK Data Archive Data Dictionary file (generally in Rich Text Format (RTF)) is usually provided for each data file, enabling viewing and searching of the internal metadata as it existed in the originating format. These files are called: [data file name]_UKDA_Data_Dictionary.rtf

Access policy

Access authority
Name URL
UK Data Service https://www.ukdataservice.ac.uk/get-data/how-to-access
Contacts
Name URL
UK Data Service https://www.ukdataservice.ac.uk/help/get-in-touch
Access conditions
Licensed Datasets: The depositor has specified that registration is required and standard conditions of use apply. The depositor may be informed about usage. See https://www.ukdataservice.ac.uk/get-data/how-to-access/conditions or further information.

Acknowledgement: The depositor has supplied the following text for users as an example of the acknowledgement that should be used in publications resulting from use of the Young Lives study: "The data used in this publication come from Young Lives, a 15-year survey investigating the changing nature of childhood poverty in Ethiopia, India (Andhra Pradesh), Peru and Vietnam, based at the University of Oxford. Young Lives is core funded by the UK Department for International Development. The views expressed here are those of the author(s). They are not necessarily those of the Young Lives project, the University of Oxford, DFID or other funders."
Citation requirements
All works which use or refer to these materials should acknowledge these sources by means of data citation. To ensure that such source attributions are captured for citation indexes, citations must appear in footnotes or in the reference section of publications. The citation for this data collection is:
Boyden, J., Woldehanna, T., Galab, S., Sanchez, A., Penny, M., Duc, L.T. (2016). Young Lives: an International Study of Childhood Poverty: Round 4, 2013-2014. [data collection]. UK Data Service. SN: 7931, http://dx.doi.org/10.5255/UKDA-SN-7931-1.
Location of Data Collection
UK Data Service
Archive where study is originally stored
UK Data Archive

Cost: None

Metadata production

DDI Document ID
DDI_WLD_2013-2014_YLSCP-R4_v02_M_WB
Producers
Name Role
UK Data Service Metadata Preparation
Date of Metadata Production
2016-06-06
DDI Document version
DDI Document - Version 02 - (04/21/21)
This version is identical to DDI_WLD_2013-2014_YLSCP-R4_v01_M_WB but country field has been updated to capture all the countries covered by survey.

Version 02 (June 2016). Initial version of the DDI (DDI2.5 XML CODEBOOK RECORD FOR STUDY NUMBER 7931) was done by UK Data Service in April, 2016.

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