SABER Service Delivery 2018, Measuring Education Service Delivery
Lao PDR, 2017
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Reference ID
LAO_2017_SABER-SD_v01_M
Producer(s)
World Bank
Metadata
Created on
Apr 05, 2019
Last modified
Apr 05, 2019
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Identification
Survey ID Number
LAO_2017_SABER-SD_v01_M
Title
SABER Service Delivery 2018, Measuring Education Service Delivery
Subtitle
Measuring Education Service Delivery
Country/Economy
| Name |
|---|
| Lao PDR |
Study type
Service Provision Assessments
Series Information
Systems Approach to Better Education Results - Service Delivery (SABER SD) consists of a collection of school-based surveys implemented globally. The SABER SD survey work began in 2016. So far, three countries are included in the series: Lao PDR, Afghanistan, and the province of Punjab in Pakistan.
Abstract
The SABER Service Delivery survey tool was developed in 2016 in the Global Engagement and Knowledge Unit of the Education Global Practice (GP) at the World Bank, as an initiative to uncover bottlenecks that inhibit student learning in low and middle income countries and to better understand the quality of education service delivery in a country as well as gaps in policy implementation. The SABER SD survey collects strategic information on school inputs and processes that influence learning outcomes. The data collected aims to uncover the extent to which policies translate into implementation and practice. As a global initiative, SABER SD provides data for the new global lead indicator on learning, which makes it easier to monitor the Sustainable Development Goal of achieving universal primary education.
SABER SD was created using knowledge and expertise from two major initiatives at the World Bank: SABER (Systems Approach for Better Education Results) and the SDI (Service Delivery Indicators) tools. The SABER program conducts research and knowledge from leading expertise in various themes of education. Using diagnostic tools and detailed policy information, the SABER program collects and analyzes comparative data and knowledge on education systems around the world and highlights the policies and institutions that matter most to promote learning for all children and youth. The SDI program is a large-scale survey of education and health facilities across Africa. The new SABER SD tool builds on and contributes to the growing SABER evidence base by capturing policy implementation measures identified as important in the frameworks of the core SABER domains of School Autonomy and Accountability, Student Assessment, Teachers, Finance, Education Management Information Systems, and Education Resilience.
The SABER SD instrument collects data at the school level and asks questions related to the roles of all levels of government (including local and regional). The tool provides comprehensive data on teacher effort and ability; principal leadership; school governance, management, and finances; community participation; and student performance in math and language and includes a classroom observation module.
SABER SD was created using knowledge and expertise from two major initiatives at the World Bank: SABER (Systems Approach for Better Education Results) and the SDI (Service Delivery Indicators) tools. The SABER program conducts research and knowledge from leading expertise in various themes of education. Using diagnostic tools and detailed policy information, the SABER program collects and analyzes comparative data and knowledge on education systems around the world and highlights the policies and institutions that matter most to promote learning for all children and youth. The SDI program is a large-scale survey of education and health facilities across Africa. The new SABER SD tool builds on and contributes to the growing SABER evidence base by capturing policy implementation measures identified as important in the frameworks of the core SABER domains of School Autonomy and Accountability, Student Assessment, Teachers, Finance, Education Management Information Systems, and Education Resilience.
The SABER SD instrument collects data at the school level and asks questions related to the roles of all levels of government (including local and regional). The tool provides comprehensive data on teacher effort and ability; principal leadership; school governance, management, and finances; community participation; and student performance in math and language and includes a classroom observation module.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
The unit of analysis varies for each of the modules. They are as follows:
Module 1, the unit of analysis is the school.
Module 2, the unit of analysis is the teacher.
Module 3, the unit of analysis is the school/principal.
Module 4, the unit of analysis is the classroom/school/teacher.
Module 5, the unit of analysis is the student.
Module 6, the unit of analysis is the teacher.
For modules where the unit of analysis is not the school (i.e., teachers and/or students), it is possible to create an average for the school based on groupings by the unique identifier – the school code.
Module 1, the unit of analysis is the school.
Module 2, the unit of analysis is the teacher.
Module 3, the unit of analysis is the school/principal.
Module 4, the unit of analysis is the classroom/school/teacher.
Module 5, the unit of analysis is the student.
Module 6, the unit of analysis is the teacher.
For modules where the unit of analysis is not the school (i.e., teachers and/or students), it is possible to create an average for the school based on groupings by the unique identifier – the school code.
Version
Version Description
Latest version updated August 27, 2018.
Scope
Notes
The scope of the survey includes information on the following education variables among others:
- School facility and infrastructure
- Teacher background
- Teacher absenteeism
- Teacher knowledge
- Principal background
- School management and accountability
- School finance
- Community participation
- Classroom observation
- Student background
- Student test scores
Data was collected across the following strata: urban/rural; priority/non-priority; single grade/multi-grade; public/private.
- School facility and infrastructure
- Teacher background
- Teacher absenteeism
- Teacher knowledge
- Principal background
- School management and accountability
- School finance
- Community participation
- Classroom observation
- Student background
- Student test scores
Data was collected across the following strata: urban/rural; priority/non-priority; single grade/multi-grade; public/private.
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
The SABER SD survey in Lao PDR was nationally representative. Schools from all 18 provinces in Lao PDR were included in the sample.
Universe
The target was to have a nationally representative sample. All primary schools in Lao PDR were included in the original sample. The final pool of primary schools from which the sample was drawn included those with a grade 4 population of students.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| World Bank | World Bank |
Producers
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Phouvanh Phommalangsy | World Bank | |
| Myra Murad Khan | World Bank | |
| Emiko Naka | World Bank | |
| Gustavo Arcia | World Bank | |
| Angela Demas | World Bank | TTL |
| Plamen Nikolov Danchev | World Bank | TTL |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| SABER Trust Fund | |
| Second Global Partnership for Education Project in Lao PDR | GPE2 |
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
| Name |
|---|
| Lao PDR Ministry of Education and Sports (MOES) |
| IndoChina Research Limited (IRL) |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
The SABER Service Delivery survey was implemented in primary schools across Lao PDR, with detailed information being collected from Grade 4. According to official records from the Ministry of Education and Sports (MOES) education management information system for the school year 2015-2016, 8,864 primary schools exist across the country. The sample was created using probability proportional to size (PPS) according to the size of students enrolled in Grade 4. The target population of the survey was Grade 4 students, so all schools with at least one student enrolled in Grade 4 were considered in the sample.
Schools were stratified for sampling along four dimensions to ensure representation. For each of these, stratification was done on a discrete variable. The four sampling strata used for this survey with a target sample size of 200 schools across Lao PDR are the following: Urban/Rural, Public/Private, Single grade/Multi-grade, Priority/Non-Priority.
Multiple sampling scenarios were created according to the number of schools within a stratum. The final sample option was selected based on the standard errors of the sample as a whole and the errors within a subgroup. Please see the sampling appendix in the final report for more information (Appendix A).
Schools were stratified for sampling along four dimensions to ensure representation. For each of these, stratification was done on a discrete variable. The four sampling strata used for this survey with a target sample size of 200 schools across Lao PDR are the following: Urban/Rural, Public/Private, Single grade/Multi-grade, Priority/Non-Priority.
Multiple sampling scenarios were created according to the number of schools within a stratum. The final sample option was selected based on the standard errors of the sample as a whole and the errors within a subgroup. Please see the sampling appendix in the final report for more information (Appendix A).
Response Rate
100% response rate from all 200 schools in sample. No reserve schools were activated.
Weighting
The final weighting was conducted at the school level. Since private schools were oversampled in the final sample drawn, other public schools were underrepresented slightly in the final sample. The true approximate percentage of private schools in Lao PDR is 10 percent, whereas in the final sample of the survey, private schools were represented at roughly 17.5 percent. Therefore, the schools in various strata were weighted to match the true spread of public and private schools across Lao PDR.
Additional weighting information is available in Appendix A of the final report, and individual weights for each of the strata are available in the data deposit, which is available for download.
Additional weighting information is available in Appendix A of the final report, and individual weights for each of the strata are available in the data deposit, which is available for download.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2017-02-01 | 2017-03-30 |
Data Collection Mode
Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]
Supervision
Fieldwork supervision was conducted by IRL and the World Bank team based in both Vientiane, Laos and Washington, DC.
A detailed fieldwork manual was supplied to all enumerators. Each enumerator team consisted of three members with one as the team leader. Since the data was automatically uploaded via internet connection from the tablets (enabled with SIM cards), each dataset was checked and verified by each team leader the day it was collected. Once approved, the datasets were sent to the central survey firm office, where the data management team ran a series of checks for inconsistencies and missing values.
Each time an error was flagged, the World Bank team was alerted and teams worked collectively to solve problems. Every two weeks during fieldwork, the survey firm provided a large data deposit of raw survey data collected to the World Bank team, where high-frequency data check were again conducted for verification.
In addition to data, the World Bank team in Washington, DC and Vientiane, Lao PDR were in constant communication with the survey firm, supervisors, and enumerators to ensure that all fieldwork protocols were being followed.
Additional field supervision details can be found in the annexes of the final report.
A detailed fieldwork manual was supplied to all enumerators. Each enumerator team consisted of three members with one as the team leader. Since the data was automatically uploaded via internet connection from the tablets (enabled with SIM cards), each dataset was checked and verified by each team leader the day it was collected. Once approved, the datasets were sent to the central survey firm office, where the data management team ran a series of checks for inconsistencies and missing values.
Each time an error was flagged, the World Bank team was alerted and teams worked collectively to solve problems. Every two weeks during fieldwork, the survey firm provided a large data deposit of raw survey data collected to the World Bank team, where high-frequency data check were again conducted for verification.
In addition to data, the World Bank team in Washington, DC and Vientiane, Lao PDR were in constant communication with the survey firm, supervisors, and enumerators to ensure that all fieldwork protocols were being followed.
Additional field supervision details can be found in the annexes of the final report.
Data Collection Notes
The SABER SD survey was carried out in Lao PDR from December 2016 to March 2017. The SABER SD team worked closely with the local survey firm, Indochina Research Ltd. (IRL) who was hired to implement the field survey. The team coordinated with IRL throughout the stages of the survey including survey preparation, data collection, and managing the quality assurance of the survey process and data entry. The questions in each of the six SABER SD modules were reviewed carefully prior to the training of enumerator team and adapted to the Lao context. These were further revised after field-testing to ensure that they could be easily understood and the intended meaning could be communicated accurately in Lao language to all interviewees. The field data collection was conducted during the months of February and March 2017 in 200 schools across all 18 provinces in Lao PDR. Please see appendix of fieldwork protocols in final report for more information (Appendix B).
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| IndoChina Research Ltd. | IRL |
Data Processing
Data Editing
After a first round of cleaning and editing carried out by IRL, the raw data was sent to the World Bank team by the survey firm. The World Bank team ran data checks on the raw data files, with comments and questions sent back to the survey firm on inconsistencies and/or missing data. The survey firm then responded to the questions, if any data are missing, the field team collects the data again or corrects the incorrect information. This happened in a few cases where the principals of the schools were contacted again to confirm and verify certain answers from the school.
Once the data was finalized, the weights were attached back to the dataset. The weighting procedure was done by the Development Economics Vice Presidency (DEC) team at the World Bank. Finally, with weights attached, the final datasets for each module (1 through 6) were produced.
For this data, many modules were also merged together to run analysis across different school components. There is one final data file which has merged modules 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6.
Once the data was finalized, the weights were attached back to the dataset. The weighting procedure was done by the Development Economics Vice Presidency (DEC) team at the World Bank. Finally, with weights attached, the final datasets for each module (1 through 6) were produced.
For this data, many modules were also merged together to run analysis across different school components. There is one final data file which has merged modules 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6.
Access policy
Contacts
| Name |
|---|
| Angela Demas |
| Plamen Nikolov Danchev |
| Myra Murad Khan |
Citation requirements
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
World Bank. SABER Service Delivery, Lao PDR 2017. Ref. LAO_2017_SABER-SD_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [URL] on [date].
In addition, if you use the dataset for published papers, it would greatly help us maintain a citation database if you would inform the primary investigators.
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
World Bank. SABER Service Delivery, Lao PDR 2017. Ref. LAO_2017_SABER-SD_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [URL] on [date].
In addition, if you use the dataset for published papers, it would greatly help us maintain a citation database if you would inform the primary investigators.
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_LAO_2017_SABER-SD_v01_M_WB
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Development Economics Data Group | DECDG | The World Bank | Documentation of the DDI |
Date of Metadata Production
2019-04-02
DDI Document version
Version 01 (April 2019)