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impact_evaluation

Shortening Supply Chains: Experimental Evidence from Fruit and Vegetable Vendors in Bogota 2016-2018

Colombia, 2016 - 2018
Impact Evaluation Surveys
David McKenzie
Created on September 21, 2020 Last modified September 21, 2020 Page views 18329 Download 458 Documentation in PDF Metadata DDI/XML JSON
  • Study description
  • Documentation
  • Data Description
  • Get Microdata
  • Identification
  • Scope
  • Coverage
  • Producers and sponsors
  • Sampling
  • Data Collection
  • Questionnaires
  • Access policy
  • Disclaimer and copyrights
  • Metadata production

Identification

Survey ID Number
COL_2016-2018_IPMC_v01_M
Title
Shortening Supply Chains: Experimental Evidence from Fruit and Vegetable Vendors in Bogota 2016-2018
Country
Name Country code
Colombia COL
Study type
Other Household Survey [hh/oth]
Abstract
Fruit and vegetable vendors in Bogota travel most days to a central market to purchase produce, incurring substantial costs. A social enterprise attempted to shorten the supply chain between farmers and vendors by aggregating orders from many small stores and delivering orders directly. We randomized the introduction of this service at the market-block level. Initial interest was high, and the service reduced travel time and costs, and increased work-life balance. Purchase costs fell 6 to 8 percent, there was incomplete pass-through into lower prices for consumers, and markups rose. However, stores reduced sales of products not offered by this new service, and their total sales and profits appear to have fallen in the short-run, with service usage falling over time. The results offer a window into the nature of competition among small retailers, and point to the challenges in achieving economies of scale when disrupting centralized markets for multi-product firms.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Firm

Scope

Notes
The survey covers firms in Bogota that sell fruit and vegetables and were part of an impact evaluation

The scope of the survey includes:

Baseline survey : Preliminary questions; Vendor information; Business information; Financial information; Agruppa products; Purchases; Work life balance; Interest in agruppa
Follow-up survey (6 months and 12 months): Preliminary questions; Vendor information; Agruppa products; Business information; Financial information; Purchases; Work life balance
High Frequency Survey: Preliminary questions; Purchases; Agruppa products; Business Information
Customer Survey: Preliminary questions; Shopping decisions; Customer information

Coverage

Geographic Coverage
Southwest Bogota

Producers and sponsors

Primary investigators
Name Affiliation
David McKenzie World Bank
Producers
Name Affiliation Role
Leonardo Iacovone World Bank co-PI
Funding Agency/Sponsor
Name Abbreviation Role
World Bank WB Funder
World Bank WB Funder
World Bank WB Funder
Innovations for Poverty Action IPA Funder

Sampling

Sampling Procedure
All neighborhoods in Bogota are classified by the government into one of six socio-economic strata, classified from 1 (poorest) to 6 (richest). Our focus is on poor neighborhoods (strata 1 to 3) in the South-West of Bogota, not immediately adjacent to Corabastos. Agruppa went door-to-door along streets in these neighborhoods in January and February 2016 (see Appendix 2 for a study timeline) to identify stores that sell fruit and vegetables, excluding the few large supermarkets and chain stores. Their aim was to map approximately 2,400 stores. Using larger streets as natural boundaries, these neighborhoods were then divided into 69 blocks, with a median block size of 36 retail shops per block. Six of these blocks were then dropped for safety reasons, leaving 63 blocks. Blocks were formed into matched pairs on the basis of geographic location and number of firms in the block, and then ordered according to the sequence in which Agruppa desired to expand operations. One block within each pair was then randomly assigned to treatment, and the other to control, for a total of 32 treatment blocks and 31 control blocks.

This yielded a sample of 1,620 firms, comprising 852 firms in treatment blocks and 768 firms in control blocks. On average, 69 percent of firms in treatment blocks and 70 percent of firms in control blocks expressed interest in Agruppa, giving us samples of 586 interested firms in treatment blocks, 266 uninterested firms in treatment blocks, 536 interested firms in control blocks, and 232 uninterested firms in control blocks.
Response Rate
IPA Colombia conducted five rounds of high-frequency short-term follow-up surveys at 2, 4, 6, 10, and 14 weeks after the launch of Agruppa in a block. We would survey a treatment block and its corresponding control block in the same week, staggering the timing to match the staggered timing of the baseline surveys and introduction of Agruppa.
The response rate averaged 79% for firms interested in Agruppa (81% in treatment blocks, 77% in control blocks), and 69% for not-interested firms (70% in treatment blocks, 68% in control blocks).

We then collected two longer surveys at six-months and twelve months after the launch of Agruppa in a block. In addition to the information collected in the high-frequency surveys, these questionnaires also asked about business opening hours, sales of some other products, pricing strategies, crime, record-keeping, and work-life balance. The response rates for interested firms were 78% at six months (80% in treatment blocks, 75% in control blocks), and 76% at twelve months (77% in treatment blocks, and 74% in control blocks), and were again lower for uninterested firms

Data Collection

Dates of Data Collection
Start End Cycle
2016-04-01 2016-11-30 Baseline
2016-05-01 2017-03-01 High-frequency surveys
2016-10-01 2017-05-01 6-month follow-up
2017-04-01 2017-11-01 12-month follow-up
2017-11-01 2018-01-30 Customer surveys
Data Collection Mode
Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]
Data Collectors
Name Abbreviation Affiliation
Innovations for Poverty Action Colombia IPA Colombia IPA

Questionnaires

Questionnaires
The Baseline and Follow-Up survey quetionnaires are published in Spanish and English, and provided under the Documentation tab.

Access policy

Access conditions
Public Access allowed for research purposes only
Citation requirements
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download

Example:
Iacovone, Leonardo and David McKenzie "Shortening Supply Chains: Experimental Evidence from Fruit and Vegetable Vendors in Bogota", Research Paper. Ref. COL_2016-2018_IPMC_v01_M. Downloaded from [url] on [date].

Disclaimer and copyrights

Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.

Metadata production

DDI Document ID
DDI_COL_2016-2018_IPMC_v01_M_WB
Producers
Name Abbreviation Affiliation Role
Development Economics Data Group DECDG The World Bank Documentation of the DDI
Date of Metadata Production
2020-02-27
DDI Document version
Version 01 (February 2020)
The World Bank Working for a World Free of Poverty
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