Impact, Maintenance, and Sustainability of Irrigation Impact Evaluation Survey 2015-2018, Baseline, First, Second, Third Follow-up
Rwanda, 2015 - 2018
Florence Kondylis, Maria Jones, John Loeser, Jeremy Magruder
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March 03, 2020
Last modified
March 03, 2020
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Identification
Survey ID Number
RWA_2015-2018_LWHIE_v01_M
Title
Impact, Maintenance, and Sustainability of Irrigation Impact Evaluation Survey 2015-2018, Baseline, First, Second, Third Follow-up
Subtitle
Baseline, First, Second, Third Follow-up
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Rwanda | RWA |
Study type
Agricultural Survey [ag/oth]
Series Information
The Baseline and follow ups surveys are part of an impact evaluation of the Land Husbandry, Water Harvesting and Hillside Irrigation (LWH) Project in Rwanda. The Ministry of Agriculture in Rwanda (MinAgri) is implementing the LWH project with technical assistance from the World Bank. The LWH project ran from 2010 to 2018.
Abstract
The irrigation study context consists of 4 LWH hillside irrigation schemes and their surrounding terraced land across 5 districts of Rwanda. We use Spatial Regression Discontinuity analysis to capture the effects of irrigation. In the first 3 irrigation schemes (in Karongi and Nyanza), we use randomized control trials to document the impact of complementary interventions that have the potential to increase the returns and sustainability of irrigation. The complementary interventions included in the study are 1) providing demonstration minikits to a random subset of farmers, 2) providing irrigation subsidies to randomly selected farmers, and 3) empowering monitors in a randomly selected number of water user groups to keep operations and maintenance checklist and irrigation schedule. The baseline and 3 follow up surveys for the first 3 schemes (in Karongi and Nyanza) and the baseline and 1 follow up survey for the 4th site (Rwamagana) are documented here.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Household, Plot
Version
Version Description
Version 01. The datasets include the baselines and 3 follow up surveys for the first 3 schemes (in Karongi and Nyanza) and the baseline and 1 follow up survey for the 4th site (Rwamagana).
Version Date
2019-09-30
Scope
Notes
The surveys covered the following topics:
- Household geographic area identification
- Household roster
- Parcel and plot roster
- Crop production
- Irrigation
- Labor on the household farm
- Farm inputs
- Extension
- Housing
- Farmer groups
- Social network
- Income and expenditure
- Animals and assets
- Rural finance
- Credit
- Shocks
- Future expectations
- Food security
- Household geographic area identification
- Household roster
- Parcel and plot roster
- Crop production
- Irrigation
- Labor on the household farm
- Farm inputs
- Extension
- Housing
- Farmer groups
- Social network
- Income and expenditure
- Animals and assets
- Rural finance
- Credit
- Shocks
- Future expectations
- Food security
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
The study covers 5 districts in Rwanda.
- Karongi & Nyanza schemes: Districts of Karongi, Nyanza, Rutsiro, and Huye;
- Rwamagana scheme: District of Rwamagana
- Karongi & Nyanza schemes: Districts of Karongi, Nyanza, Rutsiro, and Huye;
- Rwamagana scheme: District of Rwamagana
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Florence Kondylis | The World Bank |
| Maria Jones | The World Bank |
| John Loeser | The World Bank |
| Jeremy Magruder | University of Berkeley |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| Global Agriculture Food Security Program | GAFSP |
| International Initiative for Impact Evaluation | 3ie |
| International Growth Center | IGC |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
For three of the sites that are being used for the spatial regression discontinuity analysis (K12, N23, and R34), we divided the site into 3 areas - CA buffer (BCA), CA Catchment buffer (BCAC), and CA terraces (TCA). BCA is the area inside of the CA (CA, below main canal) within 50m of the boundary of the CA. BCAC is the area in the CA Catchment (CAC, above main canal) within 50m of the boundary of the CA. TCA is the terraced farmland that is in the CA, but more than 50m from the boundary of the CA. The third site will be used for the within-CA experimental designs only, and as a result we focused our sampling in one area - the CA terraces (TCA).
We constructed our household sampling by dropping a uniform grid of points across the full site at 2-meter resolution, and then sampling points within the grid. After each point was sampled, we excluded any points within 10m of that point (to keep from selecting multiple points too close together).
Enumerators were then given GPS devices with the locations of the points, and sent to each point, with a key informant (often the village leader). For each point, they were asked to identify if the point was on cultivable land (this was to discard forest, swamps, thick bushes, bodies of water, or other terrain which would make cultivation impossible). They were asked to record, for points in cultivable land, in SurveyCTO, the following:
1. The name of the point visited (which was displayed on the GPS);
2. The name of the cultivator, the location of their residence, and their phone number;
3. A description of the plot detailed enough that the cultivator would be able to identify the exact plot described
Additionally, they were asked to save their GPS track at the end of the day, as a way of tracking the number of hours they spent checking points and to verify that they visited each point. We used the data from this listing to construct a roster of all the unique names of cultivators, clustering points together when the names seemed identical. This roster (which contained the name of the individual, their village and phone number, the descriptions of the plots, and the villages in which the plots were located (identified using village shapefiles) and were organized by village) were then used to contact village leaders and verify that the listed individuals in fact existed. Multiple follow-ups were sometimes needed when village leaders suggested that one individual lived in a different village, or multiple village leaders said an individual lived in their village.
Finally, a sample plot was selected for each verified 2689 households. To select this sample plot, one point was randomly selected for each household. The probability of selecting a particular point was weighted - a weight of 1 was assigned to points in the BCA and BCAC, and a different weight was assigned for points in the TCA, to balance the number of sample plots in these areas.
We constructed our household sampling by dropping a uniform grid of points across the full site at 2-meter resolution, and then sampling points within the grid. After each point was sampled, we excluded any points within 10m of that point (to keep from selecting multiple points too close together).
Enumerators were then given GPS devices with the locations of the points, and sent to each point, with a key informant (often the village leader). For each point, they were asked to identify if the point was on cultivable land (this was to discard forest, swamps, thick bushes, bodies of water, or other terrain which would make cultivation impossible). They were asked to record, for points in cultivable land, in SurveyCTO, the following:
1. The name of the point visited (which was displayed on the GPS);
2. The name of the cultivator, the location of their residence, and their phone number;
3. A description of the plot detailed enough that the cultivator would be able to identify the exact plot described
Additionally, they were asked to save their GPS track at the end of the day, as a way of tracking the number of hours they spent checking points and to verify that they visited each point. We used the data from this listing to construct a roster of all the unique names of cultivators, clustering points together when the names seemed identical. This roster (which contained the name of the individual, their village and phone number, the descriptions of the plots, and the villages in which the plots were located (identified using village shapefiles) and were organized by village) were then used to contact village leaders and verify that the listed individuals in fact existed. Multiple follow-ups were sometimes needed when village leaders suggested that one individual lived in a different village, or multiple village leaders said an individual lived in their village.
Finally, a sample plot was selected for each verified 2689 households. To select this sample plot, one point was randomly selected for each household. The probability of selecting a particular point was weighted - a weight of 1 was assigned to points in the BCA and BCAC, and a different weight was assigned for points in the TCA, to balance the number of sample plots in these areas.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2015-08-24 | 2015-10-27 | Baseline (Karongi and Nyanza) |
| 2017-05-15 | 2017-06-27 | Follow up 1 (Karongi and Nyanza) |
| 2017-11-13 | 2017-12-12 | Follow up 2 (Karongi and Nyanza) |
| 2018-10-31 | 2018-12-04 | Follow up 3 (Karongi and Nyanza) |
| 2018-01-23 | 2018-02-23 | Baseline (Rwamangana) |
| 2018-12-05 | 2018-12-19 | Follow up 1 (Rwamangana) |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Data Collection Notes
In Karongi and Nyanza districts, the baseline and first to third follow ups surveys were conducted from August to October 2015, May to June 2017, November to December 2017 and October to December 2018 respectively.
In Rwamagana district, the baseline and first follow up survey were conducted from January to February 2018 and December 2018 respectively.
In Rwamagana district, the baseline and first follow up survey were conducted from January to February 2018 and December 2018 respectively.
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
The questionnaires being used to collect the datasets are divided into different modules. As the main objective of the LWH project is to increase the productivity and commercialization of hillside agriculture through irrigation and other land husbandry interventions, the agricultural modules are the most detailed. The modules contain several sections related to irrigation, since the objective of the studies are to better understand the impacts of irrigation on plot and household-level outcomes. In addition, the questionnaires contain modules on housing, labor, income/expenditures, shocks, agricultural extension, social networks and cooperation, financial access, and household assets. There is also a section dedicated to plot mapping.
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|
| Florence Kondylis | World Bank | fkondylis@worldbank.org |
| Maria Jones | World Bank | mjones5@worldbank.org |
| John Loeser | World Bank | jloeser@worldbank.org |
| Jeremy Magruder | University of Berkeley | jmagruder@berkeley.edu |
Citation requirements
The use of the datasets must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the identification of the Primary Investigator (including country name);
- the full title of the survey and its acronym (when available), and the year(s) of implementation;
- the survey reference number;
- the source and date of download (for datasets disseminated online).
- the identification of the Primary Investigator (including country name);
- the full title of the survey and its acronym (when available), and the year(s) of implementation;
- the survey reference number;
- the source and date of download (for datasets disseminated online).
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_RWA_2015-2018_LWHIE_v01_M
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Development Economics Data Group | DECDG | The World Bank | Documentation of the DDI |
Date of Metadata Production
2019-12-18