COVID-19 Rapid Response Phone Survey with Households 2020-2021, Panel
Kenya, 2020 - 2021
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Reference ID
KEN_2020_COVIDRS_v05_M
Producer(s)
Nistha Sinha
Collection(s)
Metadata
Created on
Sep 21, 2020
Last modified
Dec 01, 2020
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Identification
Survey ID Number
KEN_2020_COVIDRS_v05_M
Title
COVID-19 Rapid Response Phone Survey with Households 2020-2021, Panel
Country/Economy
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Kenya | KEN |
Study type
1-2-3 Survey, phase 1 [hh/123-1]
Series Information
The survey was conducted as follows:
Wave 1: May 14 to July 7, 2020; 4,061 Kenyan households
Wave 2: July 16 to September 18, 2020; 4,492 Kenyan households
Wave 3: September 28 to December 2, 2020; 4,979 Kenyan households
Wave 4: January 15 to March 25, 2021; 4,892 Kenyan households
Wave 5: March 29 to June 13, 2021; 5,854 Kenyan households
Wave 6: July 14 to November 3, 2021; 5,765 Kenyan households
Wave 1: May 14 to July 7, 2020; 4,061 Kenyan households
Wave 2: July 16 to September 18, 2020; 4,492 Kenyan households
Wave 3: September 28 to December 2, 2020; 4,979 Kenyan households
Wave 4: January 15 to March 25, 2021; 4,892 Kenyan households
Wave 5: March 29 to June 13, 2021; 5,854 Kenyan households
Wave 6: July 14 to November 3, 2021; 5,765 Kenyan households
Abstract
The World Bank in collaboration with the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics and the University of California, Berkeley are conducting the Kenya COVID-19 Rapid Response Phone Survey to track the socioeconomic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and provide timely data to inform a targeted response. This dataset contains information from six waves of the COVID-19 RRPS, which is part of a panel survey that targets Kenyan nationals and started in May 2020. The same households were interviewed every two months for five survey rounds, in the first year of data collection and every four months thereafter, with interviews conducted using Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) techniques. Sampled households that were not reached in earlier waves were also contacted along with households that were interviewed before. The “wave” variable represents in which wave the households were interviewed in.
The data set contains information from two samples of Kenyan households. The first sample is a randomly drawn subset of all households that were part of the 2015/16 Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey (KIHBS) Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI) pilot and provided a phone number. The second was obtained through the Random Digit Dialing method, by which active phone numbers created from the 2020 Numbering Frame produced by the Kenya Communications Authority are randomly selected. The samples cover urban and rural areas and are designed to be representative of the population of Kenya using cell phones. All waves of this survey include information on household background, service access, employment, food security, income loss, transfers, health, and COVID-19 knowledge.
The data is organized into three files. The first is the hh file, which contains household level information. The ‘hhid’, uniquely identifies all household. The second is the adult level file, which contains data at the level of adult household members. Each adult in a household is uniquely identified by the ‘adult_id’. The third file is child level file, which contain information for every child in the household. Each child in a household is uniquely identified by the ‘child_id’.
The duration of data collection and sample size for each completed wave was:
Wave 1: May 14 to July 7, 2020; 4,061 Kenyan households
Wave 2: July 16 to September 18, 2020; 4,492 Kenyan households
Wave 3: September 28 to December 2, 2020; 4,979 Kenyan households
Wave 4: January 15 to March 25, 2021; 4,892 Kenyan households
Wave 5: March 29 to June 13, 2021; 5,854 Kenyan households
Wave 6: July 14 to November 3, 2021; 5,765Kenyan households
The same questionnaire is also administered to refugees in Kenya, with the data available in the UNHCR microdata library: https://microdata.unhcr.org/index.php/catalog/296/
The data set contains information from two samples of Kenyan households. The first sample is a randomly drawn subset of all households that were part of the 2015/16 Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey (KIHBS) Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI) pilot and provided a phone number. The second was obtained through the Random Digit Dialing method, by which active phone numbers created from the 2020 Numbering Frame produced by the Kenya Communications Authority are randomly selected. The samples cover urban and rural areas and are designed to be representative of the population of Kenya using cell phones. All waves of this survey include information on household background, service access, employment, food security, income loss, transfers, health, and COVID-19 knowledge.
The data is organized into three files. The first is the hh file, which contains household level information. The ‘hhid’, uniquely identifies all household. The second is the adult level file, which contains data at the level of adult household members. Each adult in a household is uniquely identified by the ‘adult_id’. The third file is child level file, which contain information for every child in the household. Each child in a household is uniquely identified by the ‘child_id’.
The duration of data collection and sample size for each completed wave was:
Wave 1: May 14 to July 7, 2020; 4,061 Kenyan households
Wave 2: July 16 to September 18, 2020; 4,492 Kenyan households
Wave 3: September 28 to December 2, 2020; 4,979 Kenyan households
Wave 4: January 15 to March 25, 2021; 4,892 Kenyan households
Wave 5: March 29 to June 13, 2021; 5,854 Kenyan households
Wave 6: July 14 to November 3, 2021; 5,765Kenyan households
The same questionnaire is also administered to refugees in Kenya, with the data available in the UNHCR microdata library: https://microdata.unhcr.org/index.php/catalog/296/
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Household, Individual
Version
Version Description
Version 05.
Wave 6 data was added - Minor revisions to wave 1 to 5 data as described in the data processing section of the metadata.
Wave 6 data was added - Minor revisions to wave 1 to 5 data as described in the data processing section of the metadata.
Scope
Notes
The Kenya COVID-19 RRPS survey covers the following topics: Household Roster, Travel Patterns & Interactions, Employment, Food security, Income Loss, Transfers, Subjective welfare (50% of sample), Health, COVID-19 Knowledge, Household and Social Relations (50% of sample).
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National coverage covering rural and urban areas
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name |
|---|
| Nistha Sinha |
Producers
| Name |
|---|
| University of California Berkeley |
| Kenya National Bureau of Statistics |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name |
|---|
| IBRD |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
The COVID-19 RRPS with Kenyan households has two samples. The first sample consists of households that were part of the 2015/16 KIHBS CAPI pilot and provided a phone number. The 2015/16 KIHBS CAPI pilot is representative at the national level stratified by county and place of residence (urban and rural areas). At least one valid phone number was obtained for 9,007 households and all of them were included in the COVID-19 RRPS sample. The target respondent was the primary male or female household member from the 2015/16 KIHBS CAPI pilot. The second sample consists of households selected using the Random Digit Dialing method. A list of random mobile phone numbers was created using a random number generator from the 2020 Numbering Frame produced by the Kenya Communications Authority. The initial sampling frame therefore consisted of 92,999,970 randomly ordered phone numbers assigned to three networks: Safaricom, Airtel and Telkom. An introductory text message was sent to 5,000 randomly selected numbers to determine if numbers were in operation. Out of these, 4,075 were found to be active and formed the final sampling frame. There was no stratification and individuals that were called were asked about the households they live in.
Weighting
Cross-Sectional weights
For the KNBS and RDD samples, to make the sample nationally representative of the current population of households with mobile phone access, we create weights in two steps.
Step 1: Construct raw weights combining the two national samples: The current population consists of
(I) households that existed in 2015/16, and did not change phone numbers,
(II) households that existed in 2015/16, but changed phone number,
(III) households that did not exist in 2015/16.
Abstracting from differential attrition, the weights from the 2015/16 KIHBS CAPI pilot make the KIHBS sample representative of type (I) households. For RDD households, we ask whether they existed in 2015/16, when they had acquired their phone number, and where they lived in 2015/16, allowing us to classify them into type (I), (II) and (III) households and assign them to KIHBS strata. We adjust weights of each RDD household to be inversely proportional to the number of mobile phone numbers used by the household, and scale them relative to the average number of mobile phone numbers used in the KIHBS within each stratum. RDD therefore gives us a representative sample of type (II) and (III) households. We then combine RDD and KIHBS type (I) households by ex-post adding RDD households into the 2015/16 sampling frame and adjusting weights accordingly. Last, we combine our representative samples of type (I), type (II) and type (III), using the share of each type within each stratum from RDD (inversely weighted by number of mobile phone numbers). Variable: weight_raw
Step 2: Scale the weights to population proportions in each county and urban/rural stratum: We use post stratification to adjust for differential attrition and response rates across counties and rural/urban strata. We scale the raw weights from step 1 to reflect the population size in each county and rural/urban stratum as recorded in the 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census conducted by the KNBS (2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census, Volume II: Distribution of Population by Administrative Units, December 2019, Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, https://www.knbs.or.ke/?wpdmpro=2019-kenya-population-and-housing-census-volume-ii-distribution-of-population-by-administrative-units). Variable: weight
Panel Weights
To construct panel weights, we follow the approach outlined in Himelein (2014): “Weight Calculations for Panel Surveys with Subsampling and Split-off Tracking”. In each household we follow one target respondent. Wherever households split, only the current household of the target respondent was interviewed. The weights for the wave 1 and 2 balanced panel are constructed by applying the following steps to the full sample of Kenyan nationals:
0. Wave 1 cross-sectional weights after post-stratification adjustment are used as a base. W_1 = W_wave1
1. Attrition adjustment through propensity score-based method: The predicted probability that a sample household was successfully re-interviewed in the second survey wave is estimated through a propensity score estimation. The propensity score (PS) is modeled with a linear logistic model at the level of the household. The dependent variable is a dummy indicating whether a household that has completed the survey in wave 1 has also done so in wave. The following covariates were used in the linear logistic model: Urban/rural dummy, County dummies, Household head gender, Household head age, Household size, Dependency ratio, Dummy: Is anyone in the household working, Asset ownership: Radio, Asset ownership: Mattress, Asset ownership: Charcoal Jiko, Asset ownership: Fridge, Wall material: 3 dummies, Floor materials: 3 dummies, Connection to electricity grid, Number of mobile phones numbers household uses, Number of phone numbers recorded for follow-up, Sample dummy for estimation with national samples
2. Rank households by PS and split into 10 equal groups
3. Calculate attrition adjustment factor: ac (attrition correction) = the reciprocal of the mean empirical response rate for the propensity score decile
4. Adjust base weights for attrition: W_2 = W_1 * ac
5. Trim top 1 percent of the weights distribution (), by replacing the weights among the top 1 percent of the distribution with the highest value of a weight below the cutoff. W_3 = trim(W_2)
6. Apply post-stratification in the same way as for cross-sectional weights (step 2) Variable: weight_panel_w1_2
The balanced panel weights including waves 3, 4, 5 and 6 were constructed using the same procedure. Variables: weight_panel_w1_2_3, weight_panel_w1_2_3_4, weight_panel_w1_2_3_4_5, and weight_panel_w1_2_3_4_5_6
For the KNBS and RDD samples, to make the sample nationally representative of the current population of households with mobile phone access, we create weights in two steps.
Step 1: Construct raw weights combining the two national samples: The current population consists of
(I) households that existed in 2015/16, and did not change phone numbers,
(II) households that existed in 2015/16, but changed phone number,
(III) households that did not exist in 2015/16.
Abstracting from differential attrition, the weights from the 2015/16 KIHBS CAPI pilot make the KIHBS sample representative of type (I) households. For RDD households, we ask whether they existed in 2015/16, when they had acquired their phone number, and where they lived in 2015/16, allowing us to classify them into type (I), (II) and (III) households and assign them to KIHBS strata. We adjust weights of each RDD household to be inversely proportional to the number of mobile phone numbers used by the household, and scale them relative to the average number of mobile phone numbers used in the KIHBS within each stratum. RDD therefore gives us a representative sample of type (II) and (III) households. We then combine RDD and KIHBS type (I) households by ex-post adding RDD households into the 2015/16 sampling frame and adjusting weights accordingly. Last, we combine our representative samples of type (I), type (II) and type (III), using the share of each type within each stratum from RDD (inversely weighted by number of mobile phone numbers). Variable: weight_raw
Step 2: Scale the weights to population proportions in each county and urban/rural stratum: We use post stratification to adjust for differential attrition and response rates across counties and rural/urban strata. We scale the raw weights from step 1 to reflect the population size in each county and rural/urban stratum as recorded in the 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census conducted by the KNBS (2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census, Volume II: Distribution of Population by Administrative Units, December 2019, Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, https://www.knbs.or.ke/?wpdmpro=2019-kenya-population-and-housing-census-volume-ii-distribution-of-population-by-administrative-units). Variable: weight
Panel Weights
To construct panel weights, we follow the approach outlined in Himelein (2014): “Weight Calculations for Panel Surveys with Subsampling and Split-off Tracking”. In each household we follow one target respondent. Wherever households split, only the current household of the target respondent was interviewed. The weights for the wave 1 and 2 balanced panel are constructed by applying the following steps to the full sample of Kenyan nationals:
0. Wave 1 cross-sectional weights after post-stratification adjustment are used as a base. W_1 = W_wave1
1. Attrition adjustment through propensity score-based method: The predicted probability that a sample household was successfully re-interviewed in the second survey wave is estimated through a propensity score estimation. The propensity score (PS) is modeled with a linear logistic model at the level of the household. The dependent variable is a dummy indicating whether a household that has completed the survey in wave 1 has also done so in wave. The following covariates were used in the linear logistic model: Urban/rural dummy, County dummies, Household head gender, Household head age, Household size, Dependency ratio, Dummy: Is anyone in the household working, Asset ownership: Radio, Asset ownership: Mattress, Asset ownership: Charcoal Jiko, Asset ownership: Fridge, Wall material: 3 dummies, Floor materials: 3 dummies, Connection to electricity grid, Number of mobile phones numbers household uses, Number of phone numbers recorded for follow-up, Sample dummy for estimation with national samples
2. Rank households by PS and split into 10 equal groups
3. Calculate attrition adjustment factor: ac (attrition correction) = the reciprocal of the mean empirical response rate for the propensity score decile
4. Adjust base weights for attrition: W_2 = W_1 * ac
5. Trim top 1 percent of the weights distribution (), by replacing the weights among the top 1 percent of the distribution with the highest value of a weight below the cutoff. W_3 = trim(W_2)
6. Apply post-stratification in the same way as for cross-sectional weights (step 2) Variable: weight_panel_w1_2
The balanced panel weights including waves 3, 4, 5 and 6 were constructed using the same procedure. Variables: weight_panel_w1_2_3, weight_panel_w1_2_3_4, weight_panel_w1_2_3_4_5, and weight_panel_w1_2_3_4_5_6
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2020-05-14 | 2021-11-03 |
Data Collection Mode
Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]
Data Collection Notes
PRE-LOADED INFORMATION: Basic household information was pre-loaded in the CATI assignments for each enumerator. The information, for example the household's location, household head name, phone numbers etc, was used to help enumerators call and identify the target households. The list of individuals from the KIHBS CAPI pilot and their basic characteristics were uploaded as well as basic information from previous survey waves where available from wave 2 onward.
RESPONDENTS: The COVID-19 RRPS had one respondent per household. For the sample from the 2015/16 KIHBS CAPI pilot, the target respondent was defined as the primary male or female adult household member. They were randomly chosen where both existed to maintain gender balance. If the target respondent was not available for a call, the field team spoke to any adult currently living in the household of the target respondent. If the target respondent was deceased, the field team spoke to any adults that lived with the target respondent in 2015/16. Finally, if the household from 2015/16 split up, we targeted anyone in the household of the target respondent but did not survey a household member that no longer lives with the target respondent. For the sample based on Random Digit Dialing, the target respondent was the owner the phone number that was randomly selected. Where the target respondent was not available for the interview, we spoke to any other adult household member of the target respondent.
RESPONDENTS: The COVID-19 RRPS had one respondent per household. For the sample from the 2015/16 KIHBS CAPI pilot, the target respondent was defined as the primary male or female adult household member. They were randomly chosen where both existed to maintain gender balance. If the target respondent was not available for a call, the field team spoke to any adult currently living in the household of the target respondent. If the target respondent was deceased, the field team spoke to any adults that lived with the target respondent in 2015/16. Finally, if the household from 2015/16 split up, we targeted anyone in the household of the target respondent but did not survey a household member that no longer lives with the target respondent. For the sample based on Random Digit Dialing, the target respondent was the owner the phone number that was randomly selected. Where the target respondent was not available for the interview, we spoke to any other adult household member of the target respondent.
Data Collectors
| Name |
|---|
| Vyxer Research Management and Information Technology Consultancy Limited |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
The questionnaire was administered in English and is provided as a resource.
The same questionnaire is also administered to refugees in Kenya, with the data available in the UNHCR microdata library: https://microdata.unhcr.org/index.php/catalog/296/
The same questionnaire is also administered to refugees in Kenya, with the data available in the UNHCR microdata library: https://microdata.unhcr.org/index.php/catalog/296/
Data Processing
Data Editing
Attachments
- Questionnaires for each wave in pdf
- Questionnaires for each wave in Excel format coded for SCTO
- Published reports
- Check for reports: https://www.kenyacovidtracker.org/rrps/
- Questionnaires for each wave in pdf
- Questionnaires for each wave in Excel format coded for SCTO
- Published reports
- Check for reports: https://www.kenyacovidtracker.org/rrps/
Access policy
Confidentiality
Before being granted access to the dataset, all users have to formally agree: 1. To make no copies of any files or portions of files to which s/he is granted access except those authorized by the data depositor. 2. Not to use any technique in an attempt to learn the identity of any person, establishment, or sampling unit not identified on public use data files. 3. To hold in strictest confidence the identification of any establishment or individual that may be inadvertently revealed in any documents or discussion, or analysis. Such inadvertent identification revealed in her/his analysis will be immediately brought to the attention of the data depositor.
Access conditions
The dataset has been anonymized and is available as a Public Use Dataset. It is accessible to all for statistical and research purposes only, under the following terms and conditions: 1. The data and other materials will not be redistributed or sold to other individuals, Institutions, or organizations without the written agreement of the World Bank Microdata Library. 2. The data will be used for statistical and scientific research purposes only. They will be used solely for reporting of aggregated information, and not for investigation of specific individuals or organizations, 3. No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and no use will be made of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently. Any such discovery would immediately be reported to the World Bank Microdata Library. 4. No attempt will be made to produce links among datasets provided by the World Bank Microdata Library, or among data from the World Bank Microdata Library and other datasets that could identify individuals or organizations. 5. Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports, or other publications that employ data obtained from the World Bank Microdata Library will cite the source of data in accordance with the Citation Requirement provided with each dataset.
Citation requirements
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_KEN_2020_COVIDRS_v05_M_WB
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Development Economics Data Group | DECDG | The World Bank | Documentation of the DDI |
Date of Metadata Production
2022-01-19
DDI Document version
Version 05
Wave 6 data was added - Minor revisions to wave 1 to 5 data as described in the data processing section of the metadata.
Wave 6 data was added - Minor revisions to wave 1 to 5 data as described in the data processing section of the metadata.