Household Expenditure and Income Data for Transitional Economies 1993-1998
Armenia, Bulgaria, Estonia, Hungary, Kyrgyz Republic, Latvia, Poland, Russian Federation, Slovak Republic, 1993 - 1998
Branko L. Milanovic
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April 27, 2021
Last modified
April 27, 2021
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Identification
Survey ID Number
ECA_1998_HEIDE_v01_M
Title
Household Expenditure and Income Data for Transitional Economies 1993-1998
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Armenia | ARM |
| Bulgaria | BGR |
| Estonia | EST |
| Hungary | HUN |
| Kyrgyz Republic | KGZ |
| Latvia | LVA |
| Poland | POL |
| Russian Federation | RUS |
| Slovak Republic | SVK |
Study type
Macroeconomics - Indicators
Abstract
The startling drop in incomes and increase in inequality accompanying the transition to market economies in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union raise critical questions: Who is most likely to be poor? How well are existing social assistance programs reaching those who most need help? And what kind of programs would be most effective in reducing poverty? As part of a project analyzing poverty and social assistance in the transition economies, a Bank research team created a database of household expenditure and income data from recent surveys - the HEIDE database. (See the book by J. Braithwaite, Ch. Grootaert and B. Milanovic, "Poverty and social assistance in Transition Countries, St. Martin's Press, 1999" and the book by B. Milanovic, Income, inequality, and poverty during the transition from planned to market economy, World Bank, 1998.)
The HEIDE database includes four countries in both Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union. Latvia was then added at a later stage.
The four files are:
-hhold: Household data consists of the variables in Variable List at household level.
-ind: Individual data consists of the variables in Variable List at individual level.
-modelh: Household data consists of the variables used in regression models.
-modeli: Individual data consists of the variables used in regression models.
Prefixes are used to indicate countries for the data files, i.e.
A- Rural Armenia
B- Bulgaria
E- Estonia
H- Hungary
K- Kyrgyz
P- Poland
R- Russia
S- Slovak
Y- Urban Armenia
The survey data were cleaned for possible inconsistencies and errors and adjusted for missing data and outliers. The compilation of almost 100 variables with similar definitions for the eight countries allows ready cross-country analysis and comparisons. A consistent syntax is used for the variables to enable researchers to use the same macro routines across countries. There are more than 3 million data points.
The HEIDE database includes four countries in both Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union. Latvia was then added at a later stage.
The four files are:
-hhold: Household data consists of the variables in Variable List at household level.
-ind: Individual data consists of the variables in Variable List at individual level.
-modelh: Household data consists of the variables used in regression models.
-modeli: Individual data consists of the variables used in regression models.
Prefixes are used to indicate countries for the data files, i.e.
A- Rural Armenia
B- Bulgaria
E- Estonia
H- Hungary
K- Kyrgyz
P- Poland
R- Russia
S- Slovak
Y- Urban Armenia
The survey data were cleaned for possible inconsistencies and errors and adjusted for missing data and outliers. The compilation of almost 100 variables with similar definitions for the eight countries allows ready cross-country analysis and comparisons. A consistent syntax is used for the variables to enable researchers to use the same macro routines across countries. There are more than 3 million data points.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Scope
Notes
The scope of ECA 1998 HEIDE includes:
- Demographic information
- Education
- Assets
- Income
- Expenditure
- Demographic information
- Education
- Assets
- Income
- Expenditure
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
The database includes data from Armenia, Bulgaria, Estonia, Hungary, Kyrgyz Republic, Latvia, Poland, Russia, and the Slovak Republic.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Branko L. Milanovic | World Bank |
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 1994 | 1994 | Armenia |
| 1995 | 1995 | Bulgaria |
| 1995 | 1995 | Estonia |
| 1993 | 1993 | Hungary |
| 1993 | 1993 | Kyrgyz Republic |
| 1997 | 1998 | Latvia |
| 1993 | 1993 | Poland |
| 1993 | 1994 | Russia |
| 1993 | 1993 | Slovak Republic |
Time periods
| Start date | End date | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 1994 | 1994 | Armenia |
| 1995 | 1995 | Bulgaria |
| 1995 | 1995 | Estonia |
| 1993 | 1993 | Hungary |
| 1993 | 1993 | Kyrgyz republic |
| 1997 | 1998 | Latvia |
| 1993 | 1993 | Poland |
| 1993 | 1994 | Russia |
| 1993 | 1993 | Slovak Republic |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Data Processing
Data Editing
The survey data were cleaned for possible inconsistencies and errors and adjusted for missing data and outliers. The compilation of almost 100 variables with similar definitions for the eight countries allows ready cross-country analysis and comparisons.
See document "Household Expenditure and Income Data for Transitional Economies (HEIDE): Data Cleaning and Rent Imputation - Appendix 1 of RAD project "Poverty and Targeting of Social Assistance in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union"".
See document "Household Expenditure and Income Data for Transitional Economies (HEIDE): Data Cleaning and Rent Imputation - Appendix 1 of RAD project "Poverty and Targeting of Social Assistance in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union"".
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Development Research Group | World Bank | research@worldbank.org | http://go.worldbank.org/B9W4QTDHR0 |
Citation requirements
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
Branko L. Milanovic, World Bank. Household Expenditure and Income Data for Transitional Economies (HEIDE) 1993-1998. Ref. ECA_1998_HEIDE_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from http://microdata.worldbank.org on [date].
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
Branko L. Milanovic, World Bank. Household Expenditure and Income Data for Transitional Economies (HEIDE) 1993-1998. Ref. ECA_1998_HEIDE_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from http://microdata.worldbank.org on [date].
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_ECA_1998_HEIDE_v02_M
Date of Metadata Production
2010-09-07
DDI Document version
DDI Document - Version 02 - (04/27/21)
This version is identical to DDI_ECA_1998_HEIDE_v01_M but country field has been updated to capture all the countries covered by survey.
Version 01 (September 2010)
This version is identical to DDI_ECA_1998_HEIDE_v01_M but country field has been updated to capture all the countries covered by survey.
Version 01 (September 2010)