Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2012, Round 4
Mongolia, 2012
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Reference ID
MNG_2012_MICS_v01_M
Producer(s)
Bureau of Statistics
Collection(s)
Created on
Feb 02, 2022
Last modified
Feb 03, 2022
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18765
Identification
Survey ID Number
MNG_2012_MICS_v01_M
Title
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2012, Round 4
Subtitle
Round 4
Country/Economy
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Mongolia | MNG |
Study type
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey - Round 4 [hh/mics-4]
Series Information
The fourth round of MICS surveys includes 60 surveys from 50 countries.
Abstract
Since its inception in the mid-1990s, the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys programme, known as MICS, has become the largest source of statistically sound and internationally comparable data on children and women worldwide. In countries as diverse as Bangladesh, Thailand, Fiji, Qatar, Cote d’Ivoire, Turkmenistan and Argentina, trained fieldwork teams conduct face-to-face interviews with household members on a variety of topics – focusing mainly on those issues that directly affect the lives of children and women. MICS is an integral part of plans and policies of many governments around the world, and a major data source for more than 30 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) indicators. The MICS programme continues to evolve with new methodologies and initiatives, including MICS Plus, MICS Link, MICS GIS and the MICS Tabulator.
Unit of Analysis
Household, Individual
Scope
Notes
UNICEF assists countries in collecting and analyzing data in order to fill data gaps for monitoring the situation of children and women through its international household survey initiative the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS).
MICS surveys are typically carried out by government organizations, with the support and assistance of UNICEF and other partners. Technical assistance and training for the surveys is provided through a series of regional workshops where experts from developing countries are trained on various aspects of MICS (questionnaire content, sampling and survey implementation, data processing, data quality and data analysis, and report writing and dissemination).
Since the mid-1990s, the MICS has enabled many countries to produce statistically sound and internationally comparable estimates of a range of indicators in the areas of health, education, child protection and HIV/AIDS. MICS findings have been used extensively as a basis for policy decisions and programme interventions, and for the purpose of influencing public opinion on the situation of children and women around the world.
MICS1 (1995) - The MICS was originally developed in response to the World Summit for Children to measure progress towards an internationally agreed set of mid-decade goals. The first round of MICS was conducted around 1995 in more than 60 countries.
MICS2 (2000) - A second round of surveys was conducted in 2000 (around 65 surveys), and resulted in an increasing wealth of data to monitor the situation of children and women. For the first time it was possible to monitor trends in many indicators and set baselines for other indicators.
MICS3 (2005-2006) - The third round of MICS, which was carried out in over 50 countries in 2005-06, has been an important data source for monitoring the Millennium Development Goals with 21 MDG indicators collected through MICS3 (particularly indicators related to health, education and mortality). MICS3 was also a monitoring tool for other international goals including the World Fit for Children, the UNGASS targets on HIV/AIDS and the Abuja targets for malaria.
MICS4 (2009-2011) - In response to an increased demand for data all over the world, starting from MICS4, UNICEF will be prepared to provide assistance to countries at more frequent intervals - every three years instead of every five years. This will provide the opportunity for countries to capture rapid changes in key indicators, particularly the MDGs.
The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey has as its primary objectives: as its primary objectives:
- To provide up-to-date information on the situation of children, women and men in the country;
- To furnish the data needed for monitoring progress toward goals established in the Millennium Declaration and other internationally and nationally agreed goals, and to act as a basis for future action;
- To contribute to the improvement of data and monitoring systems in the country and to strengthen technical expertise in the design, implementation, and analysis of such systems;
- To generate data on the situation of children, women and men, including the identification of vulnerable groups and of disparities, which will inform social inclusion and poverty reduction policies and interventions.
The scope of MICS4 surveys includes:
HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE
Household (extended) listing form (demographic information)
Education
Water and sanitation
Household characteristics
Insecticide Treated Nets
Indoor Residual Spraying
Child Labour
Child Discipline
Handwashing
Salt Iodization
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR INDIVIDUAL WOMEN
Access to Mass Media and Use of Information and Communication Technology
Child Mortality (with or without Birth History)
Desire for Last Birth
Maternal and Newborn Health
Post-natal Health Checks
Illness Symptoms
Contraception
Unmet Need
Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting
Attitudes Toward Domestic Violence
Marriage/Union
Sexual Behaviour
HIV/AIDS
Maternal Mortality
Tobacco and Alcohol Use
Life Satisfaction
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR CHILDREN UNDER FIVE
Birth registration and early learning
Child development
Breastfeeding
Care of illness
Malaria
Immunization
Anthropometry
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR INDIVIDUAL MEN
Access to Mass Media and Use of Information and Communication Technology
Child Mortality
Attitudes Toward Domestic Violence
Marriage/Union
Sexual Behaviour
HIV/AIDS
Circumcision
Tobacco and Alcohol Use
Life Satisfaction
MICS surveys are typically carried out by government organizations, with the support and assistance of UNICEF and other partners. Technical assistance and training for the surveys is provided through a series of regional workshops where experts from developing countries are trained on various aspects of MICS (questionnaire content, sampling and survey implementation, data processing, data quality and data analysis, and report writing and dissemination).
Since the mid-1990s, the MICS has enabled many countries to produce statistically sound and internationally comparable estimates of a range of indicators in the areas of health, education, child protection and HIV/AIDS. MICS findings have been used extensively as a basis for policy decisions and programme interventions, and for the purpose of influencing public opinion on the situation of children and women around the world.
MICS1 (1995) - The MICS was originally developed in response to the World Summit for Children to measure progress towards an internationally agreed set of mid-decade goals. The first round of MICS was conducted around 1995 in more than 60 countries.
MICS2 (2000) - A second round of surveys was conducted in 2000 (around 65 surveys), and resulted in an increasing wealth of data to monitor the situation of children and women. For the first time it was possible to monitor trends in many indicators and set baselines for other indicators.
MICS3 (2005-2006) - The third round of MICS, which was carried out in over 50 countries in 2005-06, has been an important data source for monitoring the Millennium Development Goals with 21 MDG indicators collected through MICS3 (particularly indicators related to health, education and mortality). MICS3 was also a monitoring tool for other international goals including the World Fit for Children, the UNGASS targets on HIV/AIDS and the Abuja targets for malaria.
MICS4 (2009-2011) - In response to an increased demand for data all over the world, starting from MICS4, UNICEF will be prepared to provide assistance to countries at more frequent intervals - every three years instead of every five years. This will provide the opportunity for countries to capture rapid changes in key indicators, particularly the MDGs.
The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey has as its primary objectives: as its primary objectives:
- To provide up-to-date information on the situation of children, women and men in the country;
- To furnish the data needed for monitoring progress toward goals established in the Millennium Declaration and other internationally and nationally agreed goals, and to act as a basis for future action;
- To contribute to the improvement of data and monitoring systems in the country and to strengthen technical expertise in the design, implementation, and analysis of such systems;
- To generate data on the situation of children, women and men, including the identification of vulnerable groups and of disparities, which will inform social inclusion and poverty reduction policies and interventions.
The scope of MICS4 surveys includes:
HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE
Household (extended) listing form (demographic information)
Education
Water and sanitation
Household characteristics
Insecticide Treated Nets
Indoor Residual Spraying
Child Labour
Child Discipline
Handwashing
Salt Iodization
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR INDIVIDUAL WOMEN
Access to Mass Media and Use of Information and Communication Technology
Child Mortality (with or without Birth History)
Desire for Last Birth
Maternal and Newborn Health
Post-natal Health Checks
Illness Symptoms
Contraception
Unmet Need
Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting
Attitudes Toward Domestic Violence
Marriage/Union
Sexual Behaviour
HIV/AIDS
Maternal Mortality
Tobacco and Alcohol Use
Life Satisfaction
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR CHILDREN UNDER FIVE
Birth registration and early learning
Child development
Breastfeeding
Care of illness
Malaria
Immunization
Anthropometry
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR INDIVIDUAL MEN
Access to Mass Media and Use of Information and Communication Technology
Child Mortality
Attitudes Toward Domestic Violence
Marriage/Union
Sexual Behaviour
HIV/AIDS
Circumcision
Tobacco and Alcohol Use
Life Satisfaction
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
Mongolia (Khuvsgul Aimag)
The majority of MICS surveys are designed to be representative at the national level. Sample sizes are sufficient to generate robust data at the regional and provincial levels, and for urban and rural areas. in MICS4, subnational surveys, covering specific population groups (such as the Roma surveys in Eastern Europe) or specific geographical areas (such as Papua Selected Districs in Indonesia) within countries were also conducted.
The majority of MICS surveys are designed to be representative at the national level. Sample sizes are sufficient to generate robust data at the regional and provincial levels, and for urban and rural areas. in MICS4, subnational surveys, covering specific population groups (such as the Roma surveys in Eastern Europe) or specific geographical areas (such as Papua Selected Districs in Indonesia) within countries were also conducted.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name |
|---|
| Bureau of Statistics |
Producers
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| United Nations Children's Fund | Design of survey and technical support |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
The sample for the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) was designed to provide estimates on a large number of indicators on the situation of children and women at the national level, for areas of residence, and for geographical locations, such as regions, governorates, or districts. A multi-stage, stratified cluster sampling approach was typickly used for the selection of the survey sample. MICS4 surveys are not self-weighting. For reporting national level results, sample weights were used. A more detailed description of the sample design can be found in Appendix A of Final Report.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2012 | 2012 | Round 4 |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Data Collection Notes
Through a technical collaboration framework, UNICEF provided technical support to MICS surveys at every stage of the survey process. Central to these efforts are a series of workshops. Survey Design and Data Processing workshops are organized at the regional or global level, prior to data collection, bringing together countries at the same stage of the survey process. Once fieldwork is completed, data is processed and analysis tables are produced, a regional or global Data Interpretation, Further Analysis and Dissemination workshop, where results are discussed, and a draft final report is produced. Effective on-site/in-country support is provided by country MICS coordinators and UNICEF focal points, backed up by technical support from the regional and global MICS teams. High-quality data are obtained thanks to thorough and tested field procedures combined with rigorous data verification.
Training for the fieldwork was conducted prior to data collection. Training typically included lectures on interviewing techniques and the contents of the questionnaires, and mock interviews between trainees to gain practice in asking questions. For CAPI surveys, the last few days of the training were devoted to familiarizing the enumerators with the data processing work processes and use of the Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) application. For paper-based surveys data entry was carried out simultaneously with the fieldwork. Data were entered using the CSPro software. Procedures and standard MICS data processing and analysis applications developed under the global MICS4 programme were adapted to the country questionnaire and were used throughout data collection and analysis. Recorded data were used for survey monitoring on a daily basis. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, Version 19, and the model syntax and tabulation plans developed by UNICEF were used for this purpose. Data processing support was provided for the entire period of field work through the UNICEF Regional Office data processing consultants and through regular interaction with the data processing team at UNICEF HQs.
Training for the fieldwork was conducted prior to data collection. Training typically included lectures on interviewing techniques and the contents of the questionnaires, and mock interviews between trainees to gain practice in asking questions. For CAPI surveys, the last few days of the training were devoted to familiarizing the enumerators with the data processing work processes and use of the Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) application. For paper-based surveys data entry was carried out simultaneously with the fieldwork. Data were entered using the CSPro software. Procedures and standard MICS data processing and analysis applications developed under the global MICS4 programme were adapted to the country questionnaire and were used throughout data collection and analysis. Recorded data were used for survey monitoring on a daily basis. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, Version 19, and the model syntax and tabulation plans developed by UNICEF were used for this purpose. Data processing support was provided for the entire period of field work through the UNICEF Regional Office data processing consultants and through regular interaction with the data processing team at UNICEF HQs.
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
MICS questionnaires were designed by implementing agencies, typically the National Statistical Offices. In each country, MICS questionnaires were based on an assessment of the country’s data needs. The starting point were the standard MICS questionnaires designed by UNICEF’s Global MICS Team, in close coordination with experts, development partners and other international survey programmes. Countries chose from the MICS modules in the standard MICS questionnaires. UNICEF’s MICS experts supported implementing agencies to customize the questionnaires, as required, to the national setting. All survey activities, from sample and survey design, to fieldwork and report writing are carried out by the implementing agencies – with continuous technical support from UNICEF.
The fourth round of MICS included four model questionnaires:
(1) the Household Questionnaire,
(2) the Questionnaire for Individual Women,
(3) the Questionnaire for Individual Men, and
(4) the Questionnaire for Children Under Five.
Additionally, two questionnaire forms were available:
(1) the Questionnaire Form for Child Disability, and
(2) the Questionnaire Form for Vaccinations at Health Facility.
The Questionnaire Form for Child Disability is administered to mother or caretakers of all children age 2-9, and was used in countries where medical assessment (of children identified by this form as potentially having a disability, and of sample of children screening negative to all the questions in the form) was planned after the survey.
The Questionnaire Form for Vaccinations at Health Facility was used in countries where vaccination cards of significant numbers of children are kept at health facilities. Survey teams were expected to visit health facilities and complete this form.
The flexible, modular nature of MICS4 questionnaires made it easy to remove modules which may not be relevant, and modules for which there is already good quality data from other sources.
Refer to Chapter I.3 of the MICS4 Manual for more detailed information on the flow of questionnaires and contents of the modules.
The fourth round of MICS included four model questionnaires:
(1) the Household Questionnaire,
(2) the Questionnaire for Individual Women,
(3) the Questionnaire for Individual Men, and
(4) the Questionnaire for Children Under Five.
Additionally, two questionnaire forms were available:
(1) the Questionnaire Form for Child Disability, and
(2) the Questionnaire Form for Vaccinations at Health Facility.
The Questionnaire Form for Child Disability is administered to mother or caretakers of all children age 2-9, and was used in countries where medical assessment (of children identified by this form as potentially having a disability, and of sample of children screening negative to all the questions in the form) was planned after the survey.
The Questionnaire Form for Vaccinations at Health Facility was used in countries where vaccination cards of significant numbers of children are kept at health facilities. Survey teams were expected to visit health facilities and complete this form.
The flexible, modular nature of MICS4 questionnaires made it easy to remove modules which may not be relevant, and modules for which there is already good quality data from other sources.
Refer to Chapter I.3 of the MICS4 Manual for more detailed information on the flow of questionnaires and contents of the modules.
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|
| General Inquiries | UNICEF | childinfo@unicef.org |
Citation requirements
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys | MICS |
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
MNG_2012_MICS_v01_M
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Development Data Group | DECDG | World Bank | Documentation of the study |
Date of Metadata Production
2022-02-03
DDI Document version
Version 01 (2022-02-03)