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Small States, Small Problems? 1960-1995

Angola, United Arab Emirates, Argentina, Armenia, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Burundi, Belgium, Benin, Burkina Faso, Bul..., 1960 - 1995
Development Research Microdata
Central
William Easterly and Aart Kraay
Created on April 26, 2021 Last modified April 26, 2021 Page views 10111 Download 2881 Documentation in PDF Study website Metadata DDI/XML JSON

Identification

Survey ID Number
WLD_1995_SSSP_v01_M
Title
Small States, Small Problems? 1960-1995
Country
Name Country code
Angola AGO
United Arab Emirates ARE
Argentina ARG
Armenia ARM
Antigua and Barbuda ATG
Australia AUS
Austria AUT
Azerbaijan AZE
Burundi BDI
Belgium BEL
Benin BEN
Burkina Faso BFA
Bulgaria BGR
Bahrain BHR
Bahamas, The BHS
Bolivia BOL
Brazil BRA
Barbados BRB
Bhutan BTN
Botswana BWA
Central African Republic CAF
Canada CAN
Switzerland CHE
Chile CHL
China CHN
China CHN
China CHN
Cameroon CMR
Congo, Rep. COG
Congo, Rep. COG
Colombia COL
Comoros COM
Cabo Verde CPV
Costa Rica CRI
Cyprus CYP
Czech Republic CZE
Germany DEU
Germany DEU
Djibouti DJI
Dominica DMA
Denmark DNK
Dominican Republic DOM
Algeria DZA
Ecuador ECU
Egypt, Arab Rep. EGY
Spain ESP
Estonia EST
Ethiopia ETH
Finland FIN
Fiji FJI
France FRA
Gabon GAB
United Kingdom GBR
Georgia GEO
Ghana GHA
Guinea GIN
Gambia, The GMB
Guinea-Bissau GNB
Equatorial Guinea GNQ
Greece GRC
Grenada GRD
Guatemala GTM
Guyana GUY
Hong Kong SAR, China HKG
Honduras HND
Haiti HTI
Hungary HUN
Indonesia IDN
India IND
Ireland IRL
Iran, Islamic Rep. IRN
Iraq IRQ
Iceland ISL
Israel ISR
Italy ITA
Jamaica JAM
Jordan JOR
Japan JPN
Kazakhstan KAZ
Kenya KEN
Kyrgyz Republic KGZ
St. Kitts and Nevis KNA
Kuwait KWT
Lao PDR LAO
Lebanon LBN
Liberia LBR
St. Lucia LCA
Sri Lanka LKA
Lesotho LSO
Lithuania LTU
Luxembourg LUX
Latvia LVA
Morocco MAR
Moldova MDA
Madagascar MDG
Maldives MDV
Mexico MEX
Mali MLI
Malta MLT
Myanmar MMR
Mongolia MNG
Mozambique MOZ
Mauritania MRT
Mauritius MUS
Malawi MWI
Malaysia MYS
Namibia NAM
Niger NER
Nigeria NGA
Nicaragua NIC
Norway NOR
Nepal NPL
New Zealand NZL
Oman OMN
Pakistan PAK
Panama PAN
Peru PER
Philippines PHL
Papua New Guinea PNG
Poland POL
Puerto Rico PRI
Portugal PRT
Paraguay PRY
Qatar QAT
Romania ROU
Russian Federation RUS
Rwanda RWA
Saudi Arabia SAU
Sudan SDN
Senegal SEN
Singapore SGP
Solomon Islands SLB
Sierra Leone SLE
El Salvador SLV
Somalia SOM
Suriname SUR
Slovak Republic SVK
Slovenia SVN
Sweden SWE
Eswatini SWZ
Seychelles SYC
Syrian Arab Republic SYR
Chad TCD
Togo TGO
Thailand THA
Tajikistan TJK
Turkmenistan TKM
Tonga TON
Trinidad and Tobago TTO
Tunisia TUN
Turkey TUR
Taiwan TWN
Tanzania TZA
Uganda UGA
Ukraine UKR
Uruguay URY
United States USA
Uzbekistan UZB
St. Vincent & Grenadines VCT
Venezuela, RB VEN
Vietnam VNM
Vanuatu VUT
Samoa WSM
South Africa ZAF
Zambia ZMB
Zimbabwe ZWE
Yugoslavia Fed. Rep. YUG
Soviet Union SUN
Study type
Macroeconomics - Indicators
Abstract
Small states have attracted a large amount of research. In this paper we test whether small states are any different from other states in terms of their income, growth, and volatility outcomes. We find that, controlling for location, small states have higher per capita GDP than other states. This income advantage is largely due to a productivity advantage, constituting evidence against the idea that small states suffer from an inability to exploit increasing returns to scale. Small states also do not have different per capita growth rates than other states. Small states do have greater volatility of annual growth rates, which is in part due to their greater volatility of terms of trade shocks. This terms of trade-based volatility is in turn due to small states’ greater openness. However, their greater openness on balance has a positive net payoff for growth. The one differential policy measure that might be relevant for small states is to further open up to international capital markets in order to better diversify risk, but the benefits of even that are still unresolved in the literature. We conclude that small states are no different from large states, and so should receive the same policy advice that large states do.
Kind of Data
Aggregate data [agg]

Version

Version Description
Dataset used for Easterly, William and Aart Kraay (1999). "Small States, Small Problems?". World Bank Policy Research Department Working Paper No. 2139
Version Date
1999

Scope

Notes
The dataset includes the following indicators:
- Real per capita GDP
- Real per capita GNP
- Population
- GDP growth
- Growth in population
- Investment to GDP
- Terms of trade shock
- Secondary school enrollment rates
- IMF indicator of capital account restrictions
- Trade openess
- Financial openness
- Capital inflows
- Institutional Investor Risk Ratings
- Ethnolinguistic fractionalization
- Inflation
- Proportion of population speaking english
- Proportion of population speaking a major european language (non English)
- Latitude
- ODA

Coverage

Geographic Coverage
The database contains data on 176 countries from all regions in the world.

Producers and sponsors

Primary investigators
Name
William Easterly and Aart Kraay

Data Collection

Dates of Data Collection
Start End
1960 1995
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]

Access policy

Contacts
Name Affiliation Email URL
Development Research Group World Bank research@worldbank.org http://go.worldbank.org/B9W4QTDHR0
Citation requirements
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download

Example:

William Easterly and Aart Kraay. Small States, Small Problems? (SSSP) 1960-1995. Ref. WLD_1995_SSSP_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from http://microdata.worldbank.org on [date]

Metadata production

DDI Document ID
DDI_WLD_1995_SSSP_v02_M
Date of Metadata Production
2010-10-24
DDI Document version
DDI Document - Version 02 - (04/21/21)
This version is identical to DDI_WLD_1995_SSSP_v01_M but country field has been updated to capture all the countries covered by survey.

Version 01 (October 2010)

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