Afrobarometer Survey 2008
Merged Round 4 Data (20 Countries)

Benin, Burkina Faso, Botswana...and 17 more, 2008

Reference ID

AFR_2008_AFB-MR4_v02_M

Producer(s)

Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDASA), Michigan State University (MSU), Ghana Centre for Democratic Development (CDD-Ghana)

Collection(s)

Fragility, Conflict and Violence

Metadata

Documentation in PDF DDI/XML JSON

Created on

Jan 27, 2012

Last modified

May 31, 2022

Page views

91347

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Q71. Elections free and fair (Q71)

Data file: merged_r4_data.dta

Overview

Valid: 27713

Invalid: -

Minimum: -1

Maximum: 9

Mean: 3.4536138274456

Standard deviation: 1.97123713894045

Type: Discrete

Decimal: 0

Width: 8

Range: -1 - 9

Format: Numeric

Questions and instructions

Categories

Value	Category	Cases
-1	Missing	43	0.2%
1	Not free and fair	4154	15%
2	Free and fair, with major problems	3820	13.8%
3	Free and fair, but with minor problems	6150	22.2%
4	Completely free and fair	11253	40.6%
8	Do not understand question	140	0.5%
9	Don't know	2153	7.8%
998	Refused	0	0%

Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.

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