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KNOMAD-ILO Migration Costs Surveys 2015

El Salvador, Ethiopia, Guatemala...and 6 more, 2015 - 2016
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Reference ID
WLD_2015_KNOMAD-ILO-MCS_v01_M
Producer(s)
Global Knowledge Partnership on Migration and Development (KNOMAD) & International Labour Organization (ILO)
Collection(s)
Fragility, Conflict and Violence
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Documentation in PDF DDI/XML JSON
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Created on
Dec 01, 2017
Last modified
Oct 26, 2023
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Data file: 2015_knomad_ilo_mcs

KNOMAD-ILO Migration Costs Surveys: 2015 Compiled Dataset

Cases: 3097
Variables: 280

Variables

home_country
country where the interview is being conducted
current_country
what country did you just return from?
address_resp
address of respondent
place_born
where were you born?
citizen
are you a citizen of [place_born]?
country_citizen
what country are you a citizen of?
gender
sex
age
how old are you? (in years)
marital_status
what is your current marital status?
level_edu
what is the highest level of education you have completed?
people_support
how many people have you supported, on a regular basis, financially here in %hom
first_outside
was the job in %current_country% the first one you have worked in a country othe
times_outside
how many times have you worked in a country other than [home_country]?
years_outside
how many years have you worked in a country other than [home_country]?
year_first
in which year did you first work outside of [home_country], even if it was not i
country_before
where did you live right before going to [current_country]?
how_find_out
how did you find out about getting your most recent job in [current_country]?
other_job_source
please describe other job information source?
first_curr_cy
was that the first time you have gone to [current_country] to work?
year_arrived
when did you go to [current_country] for the most recent job? (in year)
months_lived
how long has it been since you arrived here for this job?
months_expect
how many months have you stayed in [current_country] for the most recent job?
job_application_how
how did you apply for the most recent job?
agent
did you pay to [job_application_how] to get this job (such as brokerage fees)?
cost_agent
how much did pay to [job_application_how]?
cost_agentUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_agent
currency_agent
what was the currency?
language
did you learn [current_country]'s language before going there?
cost_language
how much did it cost you to learn [current_country]'s language?
cost_languageUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_language
currency_language
what was the currency?
training
did you undergo training to qualify for the most recent job you had in [current_country]?
cost_training
how much did it cost you to undergo training to learn those skills?
cost_trainingUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_training
currency_training
what was the currency?
skills_test
did you take any skills tests (both assessments and certifications) in order to
cost_skills_test
how much did it cost you to take these skills tests?
cost_skills_testUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_skills_test
currency_skills_test
what was the currency?
passport
did you obtain a passport in order to go to [current_country] for that job?
cost_passport
how much did it cost you to obtain passport ?
cost_passportUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_passport
currency_passport
what was the currency?
medical_exam
did you take any medical exams in order to go to [current_country] for that job
cost_medical_exam
how much did it cost you to take the medical exams?
cost_medical_examUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_medical_exam
currency_medical_exam
what was the currency?
medical_exam_designated
did you have to go to a designated clinic or hospital to take the medical exams?
clearance
did you obtain a police/security clearance in order to go to [current_country] f
cost_clearance
how much did it cost you to obtain this police/security clearance?
cost_clearanceUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_clearance
currency_clearance
what was the currency?
contract_approved
was your contract approved by a national authority before you left [home_country]?
cost_contract_approved
how much did it cost to obtain this contract approval?
cost_contract_approvedUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_contract_approved
currency_contract_approved
what was the currency?
exit_approved
did you have to obtain an exit approval in order to leave for [current_country]?
cost_exit_approved
how much did it cost to obtain this exit approval?
cost_exit_approvedUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_exit_approved
currency_exit_approved
what was the currency?
briefing
did you have to undergo a required pre-departure briefing in order to go to [currency]
cost_briefing
how much did it cost for this pre-departure briefing?
cost_briefingUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_briefing
currency_briefing
what was the currency?
insurance
did you obtain any health/life insurance in order to go to [current_country] for
cost_insurance
how much did this health/life insurance cost?
cost_insuranceUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_insurance
currency_insurance
what was the currency?
welfarefund
did your government require you to be a member of a state-run welfare fund in or
cost_welfarefund
how much did it cost to obtain this welfare fund membership?
cost_welfarefundUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_welfarefund
currency_welfarefund
what was the currency?
visa
did you obtain a visa in order to go to [current_country] for that job?
cost_visa
how much did it cost to obtain the visa to work in [current_country]?
cost_visaUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_visa
currency_visa
what was the currency?
other
did you make any other formal payments (allowed by law) for that job that i have
cost_other
how much were these other payments?
cost_otherUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_other
currency_other
what was the currency?
other_pay_for_1
what were these other payments for?
other_pay_for_2
what were these other payments for?
other_pay_for_3
what were these other payments for?
other_pay_for_88
what were these other payments for?
other_pay_for_99
what were these other payments for?
other_pay_for2
please specify other?
inlandtransp
before departure, did you incur expenses for local transportation and accommodat
cost_inlandtransp
how much did you pay for local transportation and accommodation?
cost_inlandtranspUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_inlandtransp
currency_inlandtransp
what was the currency?
inter_transp
did you pay for international transportation to go to [current_country] for that job
cost_inter_transp
how much did you pay for international transportation, including all taxes (e.g.
cost_inter_transpUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_inter_transp
currency_inter_transp
what was the currency?
who_paid
who paid for the international transportation to go to %current_country% for that job
reimburse_exp
were you told that the employer would reimburse your expenses?
who_told
who told you about such reimbursement?
which_reimburse_1
which payments were you told would be reimbursed?
which_reimburse_2
which payments were you told would be reimbursed?
which_reimburse_3
which payments were you told would be reimbursed?
which_reimburse_4
which payments were you told would be reimbursed?
which_reimburse_5
which payments were you told would be reimbursed?
which_reimburse_6
which payments were you told would be reimbursed?
which_reimburse_7
which payments were you told would be reimbursed?
which_reimburse_8
which payments were you told would be reimbursed?
which_reimburse_9
which payments were you told would be reimbursed?
which_reimburse_10
which payments were you told would be reimbursed?
which_reimburse_11
which payments were you told would be reimbursed?
which_reimburse_12
which payments were you told would be reimbursed?
which_reimburse_13
which payments were you told would be reimbursed?
which_reimburse_14
which payments were you told would be reimbursed?
which_reimburse_15
which payments were you told would be reimbursed?
been_paid
have you been reimbursed for any of these payments?
amount_been_paid
how much were you reimbursed?
amount_been_paidUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of amount_been_paid
currency_amount_been_paid
what was the currency?
other_pay2
did you make any informal payments for that job?
other_pay2_for
what were these informal payments for?
cost_other_pay2
how much were these other payments?
cost_other_pay2USD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of cost_other_pay2
currency_other_pay2
what was the currency?
tot_exp
in total, how much have you and your family spent to get the most recent job in
tot_expUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of tot_exp
currency_tot_exp
what was the currency?
duration_deployment
how much time did it take to complete the job deployment procedure (from job app
success_find
were you successful in finding jobs abroad in the past including those in other
cost_find_yes
how much in total did you spend in your earlier efforts to work abroad?
currency_find_yes
what was the currency?
cost_find_no
how much in total did you spend for previous failed attempts to get a foreign job?
currency_find_no
what was the currency?
borrow_money
did you or someone (including your family) borrow any of the money that you spen
amount_borrow
how much?
amount_borrowUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of amount_borrow
currency_amount_borrow
what was the currency?
who_borrow_1
who was the money borrowed from?
who_borrow_2
who was the money borrowed from?
who_borrow_3
who was the money borrowed from?
who_borrow_4
who was the money borrowed from?
who_borrow_5
who was the money borrowed from?
who_borrow_6
who was the money borrowed from?
who_borrow_7
who was the money borrowed from?
who_borrow_8
who was the money borrowed from?
who_borrow_9
who was the money borrowed from?
who_borrow_10
who was the money borrowed from?
who_borrow_11
who was the money borrowed from?
who_borrow_12
who was the money borrowed from?
who_borrow_88
who was the money borrowed from?
borrow_other
please specify other?
interest_rate
what interest rate is being paid (in percent)?
unit_interest_rate
what is the unit of the interest rate?
how_repaid
how is the loan being repaid?
how_repaid_other
please, specify the other source of income
how_repaid_1
what was the currency?
how_repaid_2
how is the loan being repaid?
how_repaid_3
how is the loan being repaid?
amount_loan_paid
as of today, how much has been repaid to the person/institution that loaned the
amount_loan_paidUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of amount_loan_paid
currency_amount_loan_paid
what was the currency?
amount_loan_left
how much is left to be repaid to the person/institution that loaned the money?
amount_loan_leftUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of amount_loan_left
currency_amount_loan_left
what was the currency?
assets_collateral
was any asset put up as collateral in order to get the loan?
what_collateral_1
what collateral was given?
what_collateral_2
what collateral was given?
collateral_other
please, specify other
lose_collateral
did you lose any or all of the collateral due to failure to repay the loan?
what_collateral_3
what collateral was given?
what_collateral_4
what collateral was given?
what_collateral_5
what collateral was given?
what_collateral_88
what collateral was given?
work_prior
were you working here in [home_country], even if you received no pay, prior to g
type_job_before
what was your main job before you went there?
desc_elementary_occ
please, describe the elementary occupation?
work_forwho
at that time did you work for yourself or for an employer, even if not paid ?
desc_services_employer
what products were made or what services were provided by your employer in %home
isic2_class1
isic code for products made or services provided. classification 1
isic2_class4
isic code for products made or services provided. classification 4
isic2_class3
isic code for products made or services provided. classification 3
isic2_class2
isic code for products made or services provided. classification 3
amount_earn_prior
how much did you earn as a [type_job_before] in the country where you lived prio
amount_earn_priorUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of amount_earn_prior
currency_earn_prior
what was the currency?
unit_earn_prior
what was the unit?
time_find
how long did it take you to find information about the most recent job in [current_country]
search_affect
did your search for this job affect your ability to work your previous job in [home_country]?
hold_certificate
do you hold a skill certificate issued by vocational testing center?
skill_certificate
what skill certificate do you have?
use_skill
did you use your skill in your most recent job in [current_country]?
believe_useskill
do you believe you could have found a job in [current_country] which would use y
amount_useskills
if you had a job in [current_country] that used your skills, how much more do yo
currency_amount_useskills
what would be the currency?
unit_amount_useskills
what would be the unit?
employer_visa
did your most recent employer in [current_country] arrange for your work visa?
contract_before
did you sign a contract before departing for the most recent job?
same_contract
are you working under the same contract that you received before departure?
desc_kind_work
what kind of work did you do in [current_country]?
isco_class1
isco classification 1
isco_class2
isco classification 2
isco_class3
isco classification 3
isco_class4
isco classification 4
desc_services
what products were made or what services were provided by your employer?
isic1_class1
isic code for products made or services provided. classification 1
isic1_class2
isic code for products made or services provided. classification 2
isic1_class3
isic code for products made or services provided. classification 3
isic1_class4
isic code for products made or services provided. classification 4
amount_promised
what wage were you promised for that job in [current_country] before departure ?
amount_promisedUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of amount_promised
currency_amount_promised
what was the currency?
unit_promised
what was the unit?
amount_current
how much did you actually earn on average, including overtime payments, before d
amount_currentUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of amount_current
currency_amount_current
what was the currency?
unit_amount_current
what is the unit?
amount_deducted
how much were your earnings, on average, after taxes, social security contributi
amount_deductedUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of amount_deducted
currency_amount_deducted
what was the currency?
unit_amount_deducted
what was the unit?
paid_regularly
were you paid regularly?
amount_sent
in the year you have worked in %current_country% how much money, on average, we
amount_sentUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of amount_sent
currency_amount_sent
what has been the currency?
unit_amount_sent
what has been the unit?
unit_sent_other
please, specify other unit
changed_employer
have you changed employers since you arrived in [current_country]?
supply_workers
did your employer supply migrant workers to other employers?
employer_pay
did your employer in [current_country] pay any of the costs that you had to pay
employer_pay_what_1
what costs did your employer pay?
employer_pay_what_2
what costs did your employer pay?
employer_pay_what_3
what costs did your employer pay?
employer_pay_what_88
what costs did your employer pay?
pay_back
do you have to pay back these costs through deductions from your earnings?
deduct_month
how much is (or was) deducted from your earnings each month?
deduct_monthUSD2016
2016 constant USD equivalent of deduct_month
currency_deduct_month
what is (or was) the currency?
months_pay_back
for how many months in total do you have to make these payments?
housing
did your employer provide you with housing?
housing_deducted
was the cost of housing deducted from your wages?
food
did your employer provide you with food?
food_deducted
was the cost of food deducted from your wages?
union
was there a union or worker/staff association in your workplace in [current_country]?
allow_union
were you allowed to join the union?
joined_union
have you joined the union?
deprived_rights
have you been deprived of any rights during your employment in [current_country]?
which_rights_1
which rights?
which_rights_2
which rights?
which_rights_3
which rights?
which_rights_4
which rights?
which_rights_5
which rights?
which_rights_6
which rights?
which_rights_7
which rights?
which_rights_8
which rights?
which_rights_9
which rights?
which_rights_10
which rights?
which_rights_11
which rights?
hours_week
how many hours a week did you usually work?
rest_day
did you receive at least one rest day a week?
injured
have you been injured while at work or fallen sick at your current job?
cause_injured
what was the cause of injury or illness? please, specify
paid_injured
were you paid for the days when you were not able to work because of injury or i
work_visa
did you enter the country with work visa?
current_status
what was your status in [current_country] before returning home?
current_status_other
please, specify other status
datasource
name of the survey
id
Id
int_date
interview date
origin_country
name of the origin country
destination_country
name of the destination country
corridor
name of the bilateral corridor
sumcostUSD2016
sum of itemized costs in 2016 constant USD
mthinc_priorUSD2016
estimated monthly home earnings prior to migrating in 2016 constant USD
prom_mthincUSD2016
estimated monthly foreign promised income in 2016 constant USD
mthincUSD2016
estimated monthly foreign earnings on arrival in 2016 constant USD.
mthinc_less_taxUSD2016
estimated monthly foreign earnings minus taxes, social security contributions an
mthremitUSD2016
estimated monthly remittance during the year of work abroad in 2016 constant USD
rci
recruitment cost indicator (RCI): recruitment costs paid as a multiple of monthl
mci
migration cost indicator (MCI): Migration costs paid as a multiple of monthly fo
loan_to_totexp
what proportion of total migration/recruitment costs does the loan represent?
loan_to_income
total amount borrowed as a multiple of monthly foreign earnings on arrival
remit_to_income
what proportion of the monthly foreign income is remitted home?
forinc_to_homeinc
monthly foreign earnings as a multiple of home earnings earned prior to migratin
Total: 280
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